Batman's history has undergone various revisions, both minor and major.

Few elements of the

character's history have remained constant. Scholars William Uricchio and Roberta E. Pearson
noted in the early 1990s, "Unlike some fictional characters, the Batman has no primary urtext set in a
specific period, but has rather existed in a plethora of equally valid texts constantly appearing over
more than five decades."[65]
The central fixed event in the Batman stories is the character's origin story.[66] As a little boy, Bruce
Wayne is horrified and traumatized to see his parents, the physician Dr.Thomas Wayne and his
wife Martha, being murdered by a mugger in front of his very eyes. This drives him to fight crime
in Gotham City as Batman. Pearson and Uricchio also noted beyond the origin story and such
events as the introduction of Robin, "Until recently, the fixed and accruing and hence, canonized,
events have been few in number,"[66] a situation altered by an increased effort by later Batman editors
such as Dennis O'Neil to ensure consistency and continuity between storie