Calculo integral

Unidad 3. Actividad 4.
Sustituciones
trigonomtricas.

1.

1
dx
x x2 9
2

x=3 sec , dx=3 sec tan , sec=

3 sec tan

( 3 sec ) ( 3 sec ) 9
2

x
3

3 sec tan
3 sec tan
=
2
2
9 sec 9 sec 9
9 sec 2 9 ( sec 2 1 )

3 sec tan
3 sec tan
1
1
1
1
=
=
= cos = sen + c
2
2
2
9
9 sec ( 3 tan ) 9 sec 9
9 sec 9 tan

1 x 9
(
)
9
x
2

x29

2.

x2 25x 2 dx

x=5 sen , dx=5cos , sen =

5 cos

( 5 sen )

25( 5 sen )

x
5
5 cos
5 cos
=
2
2
( 5 sen ) 2525 sen
( 5 sen ) 25 ( 1sen 2 )
2

5 cos
5 cos
1
1
1
1
2
=
=
= csc = cot
2
2
2
2
25
25 sen 5 cos 25 sen 25
( 5 sen ) 25 cos

1
1 cos 1
cot =
=
25
25 sen 25

1sen2
sen

1
25

( )
x
5

()

x
5

1 5
x2
1
25 x
25

1 25x 2
1
=
25x 2

5x
25
25 x

1
25x 2

25 x

5
X

25x 2

3.

x 3 x 2 +4 dx
2

x=2 tan , dx=2 sec d , tan =

x
2

( 2 tan )3 ( 2 tan )2+ 4 ( 2 sec 2 d ) = 8 tan 3 4 tan2 +4 ( 2 sec2 d )

8 tan 3 4 ( tan 2 + 1 )( 2 sec 2 d )= 8 tan 3 4 sec 2 ( 2 sec 2 d )
8 tan 3 ( 2 sec ) ( 2 sec 2 d )= 32 tan 3 sec 3 d=32 tan2 sec 2 tan sec d

32 ( sec 2 1 ) sec 2 tan sec d=32 ( sec 4 tan sec dsec 2 tan sec d )

u=sec , du=sec tan d

32 ( u 4 duu2 du )=32

u5 u 3

5 3

)
2

) (

( sec 2 ) sec sec2 sec

sec 5 sec 3
32

=32

5
3
5
3

32

( 51 (1+ tan ) 1+tan 13 ( 1+ tan ) 1+ tan )

2

x
x 1
1+tan =1+
=1+ = ( 4 + x 2 )
2
4 4

()

((

1 1(
32
4+ x2 )
5 4

) 14 ( 4+ x ) 13 ( 14 (4 + x )) 14 (4 + x ))
2

(( )

2
1 (4 + x ) 1
1
1
32
4 + x 2 ( 4+ x 2 ) 4+ x 2

5
16
2
12
2

32

)(

1 (
1
32 (
32
4 + x 2 ) 2 ( 4+ x2 ) 2 =
4 + x 2 ) 2 ( 4+ x 2 ) 2
160
24
160
24
3

)(

)
3

1(
4
3 (
20
1
4+ x 2 ) 2 ( 4+ x 2 ) 2 =
4+ x 2 ) 2 ( 4+ x2 ) 2 = ( 4+ x 2 ) 2 ( 3 ( 4 + x 2 )20 )
5
3
15
15
15
3

1
1
( 4 + x 2) 2 ( 12+3 x 220 ) = ( 4 + x 2 ) 2 ( 3 x 28 )
15
15
3

1
( 4 + x 2) 2 ( 3 x 28 )
15

x2 + 4
2

x + 4 2

4.
x

x=2 tan , dx=2 sec 2 d , tan =

x

( x 2+ 4 )

5
2

dx=

( 4 ( tan 2 +1 ) )

( ( 2 tan )2 +4 )

2 tan

2 tan

5
2

5
2

2 sec d=

x
2
2 tan

2 sec 2 d=

( 4 tan2 + 4 )
2 tan

( 4 sec 2 )

5
2

2 sec d=

5
2

2 sec 2 d

2 tan
2
2 sec d
5
32 sec

tan
1 tan 1 sen
1
1
=
=
cos 3 = sen cos2 = sen ( 1sen 2 )
3
3
8
8
8 sec 8 sec 8 cos

1
1
sen sen3 = [ cos sen3 ]

8
8

sen cos sen

sen3 = sen2 sen= ( 1cos 2 ) sen =

2

cos cos sen

u=cos , du=sen d ,du=sen d

cos cos2 sen =cos u2du=cos+

u
cos
=cos +
3
3

Sustituyendo

)] (

1
[cos sen 3 ]= 18 cos cos + cos3 = 18 cos cos cos3
8

1 cos3 1
=
cos 3
8
3
24

1+ tan2

24(1+ tan2 )
1
1
1

=
=
3
2
24 sec 24 sec sec
1

24 ( 1+ tan 2 )

3
2

1
2 3
2

( ( ))

24 1+

x
2

1
24

x
4

1
1
8
1
1
1
=
=
3
3
3
24 1
24
3
2 2
2 2
2 2
( 4+ x )
(4 + x )
(4 + x )
8
1
3

) ( ) ( )

1
3
2 2

(4 + x )

1
24

(( ) ) (( ) )
1+

2 3
2

4+ x 2
4

3
2

 x2 + 4
X

5.

1
dx
x 6 x +13
2

1
=
( x 3)2 + 4
1
=
2
x 6 x +9+ 4
=
2 1
x 6 x+13
2

x3=2 tan , x=2 tan+ 3,dx =2 sec d

tan2 +1
4()=
2
2 sec d

2 sec 2 d
=
4 tan 2 + 4
2 sec 2 d
=
(2 tan )2 + 4
1
=
( x3)2+ 4

sec
2
2 sec d
2 sec 2 d
=
= sec d
2 sec
4 ()

secd= sec d

sec +tan
sec + sec tan
=
d
sec +tan
sec + tan

u=sec +tan , du=( sec 2 + sec tan ) d

du
=ln u=ln |sec+ tan |
u

x3
x3 2
x 26 x +9
2
2 tan =x3,tan=
, sec= 1+tan ,= 1+
= 1+
2
2
4

( )

4+ x 26 x +9 1 2

= x 6 x+13
4
2

|12 x 6 x +13+ x32|=ln 12|x3+ x 6 x +13|

ln |sec+ tan |=ln

ln

1|
2
x3+ x 6 x+ 13|
2

x26 x+13
X