Tugas Heat Exchanger

Oleh:
Panly M. E. L
1115021059

Jurusan Teknik Mesin

Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Lampung
2015

Heat Exchanger
Soal
A shell and tube exchanger (one shell pass, multiple tube passes) is to be used to
condense 2,73 kg/s of saturated steam 340 K. Condensation occurs on the outer tube
surface and the corresponding convection coefficient is h0 = 12500 W/m2K. The
condenser will be supplied with cooling water that enters the tubes at 303 K. Thin- walled
tubes of 19 mm diameter are specified, and the mean velocity of water flowthrogh the
tubes is to be maintained at 1,5 m/s
How many tube must be used? If the length of the exchanger is not to exceed 1,5 m, how
many tube passed should be made and what is the requirecle length per pass?
ASSUMPTIONS:
(1) Negligible heat loss to surroundings and changes in kinetic and potential energy,
(2) Negligible tube wall conduction and fouling resistances,
(3) Constant properties
(4) The shellside coefficient h0 remains unchanged for the operating conditions examined.

PROPERTIES:
Table A.6, Sat. water (340 K): hfg = 2.342 106 J/kg
Sat. water (Tc = 297 K): = 998 kg/m3, cp = 4180 J/kgK, = 917 10-6 kg/sm, k = 0.609
W/mK, Pr = 6.3.
ANALYSIS:
q mhhfg 2.73 kg/ s (2.342106 J /kg) 6.39106 W
mc q /cp,c ( Tc,o -Tc,i) 6.39106 W/ 4180 J/ kgK 12K 127.5 kg/ s
N mc / mc,t mc/ (D2/ 4) um 4127.5 kg/s 0.019)2 m 998 kg/ m3 (1.5 m/s) 300
ReD umD/ 998 kg / m3 1.5 m/s 0.019 m / 91710kg/sm 31, 017
Menggunakan persamaan Dittus-Boelter
hi k.D) 0.023ReD4 / 5 Pr0.4 0.609 W/mK 0.019 m 0.023 (31,017)4 / 5(6.3)0.4
6034W m2 K
U = [1/hi + 1/ho]-1 = [1/6034 + 1/12,500]-1W/ m2 K= 4070 W/m2K
Dengan Cmin = mc cp,c = 127.5 kg/s (5180 J/kgK) = 5.33. 105 W/K
q/ qmax q/ Cmin ( Th,I - Tc,i) 6.39106 W / 5.33105 W/K (49K) 0.245

Dengan asumsi Cr = 0 maka NTU = -ln(1 - ) = -ln(1 - 0.245) = 0.281

A NTU (Cmin/ U) 0.281 (5.33105 W/ K 4070W m2K ) 36.8 m2
Jumlah tubes, N, and passes, P
L A/ NP D
Jika P = 2
L 36.8m2 / 300 . 2 .0.019 m 1.03 m
Simulasi
Pada simulasi ini menggunakan software Solidwork 2012.
Hal pertama yang yang dilakukan adalah membuat bagian bagian dari shell dan tube
tersebut.
Shell

Tutup shell

Tube
1. Pipa

2. Belokan

Pemegang Tube

Shell aliran masuk air

Hasil yang didapat

Goal Name

Unit

GG Min Temperature (Fluid) 1

[K]

290,9998668

290,999866

290,999858

290,9998734

100

GG Av Temperature (Fluid) 1

[K]

324,8928918

324,8835724

324,8715502

324,8928918

100

GG Max Temperature (Fluid) 1

[K]

340,000514

340,000535

340,0005116

340,0005606

100

GG Mass Flow Rate 1

[kg/s]

-0,000366506

-0,000227173

-0,007403018

0,002745243

100

GG Min Velocity 1

[m/s]

100

GG Av Velocity 1

[m/s]

1,075177612

1,075866196

1,075177612

1,076446944

100

GG Max Velocity 1

[m/s]

35,64010433

35,96338844

35,47487688

36,28468048

100

GG Min Temperature (Solid) 1

[K]

297,9668411

297,9965733

297,4201765

298,2479818

100

GG Av Temperature (Solid) 1

[K]

318,4600404

318,4512097

318,4381892

318,4600404

100

GG Max Temperature (Solid) 1

[K]

339,8637755

339,8638283

339,8634586

339,8644424

100

Iterations: 238
Analysis interval: 41

Value

Averaged Value

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Progress [%]

Assem1.SLDASM [proyek 1]
350
300
250

GG Min Temperature (Fluid)

1

200
Temperature (Fluid) [K]

GG Av Temperature (Fluid)
1

150

GG Max Temperature
(Fluid) 1

100
50
0
-50

0 100 200 300

Iterations

Assem1.SLDASM [proyek 1]
0.02

0
-0.01 0 50 100150200250
GG Mass Flow Rate 1

Mass Flow Rate [kg/s]

-0.02

-0.03

-0.04
Iterations

Assem1.SLDASM [proyek 1]
45

35
GG Min Velocity 1

25

GG Av Velocity 1

Velocity [m/s]

GG Max Velocity 1

15

-5

50

100

150

200

250

Iterations

Assem1.SLDASM [proyek 1]
45

35
GG Min Velocity 1

25

GG Av Velocity 1

Velocity [m/s]

GG Max Velocity 1

15

-5

50

100

150

Iterations

200

250

Temperatur fluida

Kecepatan Aliran

Analisa
Adapun analisa yang dapat diberikan
1. Pada pekerjaan ini hasil perhitungan dan hasil simulasi memiliki hasil yang
bebeda. Hal ini dikarenakan tidak supportnya perangkat yang digunakan untuk
mensimulasikan.
2. Untuk melakukan simulasi yang sangat rumit ada baiknya mengunakan perangkat
dengan kemampuan perangkat yang lebih baik.