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الفكر العسكرى الرومانى بين الدفاع والهجوم و التوسع PDF
الفكر العسكرى الرومانى بين الدفاع والهجوم و التوسع PDF
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Tenney Frank, Roman Imperialism, New York; 1929.pp130ff.(hereafter Frank 1929).
4 .
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VI, 51-53: tu regere imperio populos, Romane, memento
(hae tibi erunt artes), pacisque imponere morem,
parcere subiectis et debellare superbos.
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rex Sacrorum Boak &Sinnigen 1965,p43 .
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Eutropius I, 1-20; Flor.I,1.
Res publica
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Livy.I, 57-60.
Cicero, De Rep.II, 52.
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Flor. I,4.
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Dionysius, .Hal., 95,6.1-3.
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52 1974 Appian,Rom.His III,frag.,10; Lewis&Reinhold,pp86-871.155-154
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Poly. III,25,1-2.
54
Flor.I, 13.
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Frank CAH1928, pp 658-662.
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Eutropius II, 15: C. Fabio Licinio C. Claudio Canina consulibus anno urbis conditae
quadringentesimo sexagesimo primo legati Alexandrini a Ptolomaeo missi Romam venere et a
Romanis amicitiam, quam petierant, obtinuerunt.; Dionysius Hall., Ant.Rom XX,14.1-2; Dio Cass., X.
1993 41; Neatby, TAPA 1950,pp 92-97;3
57 1965 .129-128
58 1982 .126
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Scullard 1961, p130ff=Kagan 1986, pp88-89.
63 1983 .144-143
64 1974.157
65 1983.144
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Oxf.Class.Dic.,sv., via Appia
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Oxf.Class.Dic.,sv.,Flaminius (1)& Via Flamina.
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tribunus militum
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84 1979 .52-51
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Cornicium Tupicinum
Proletarii .
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legio
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Imperium militare
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86 1983.159
87
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88 1982 .81-80 1983.52
89 1979 95 1982.107
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principes .triarii
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275
280
300
338
350
360
396
400
450
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Res Gestae 7: Pontifex maximus, augur, XV virum sacris faciundis, VII virum epulonum, frater arvalis,
sodalis Titius, fetialis fui; Frank,p12,no 20
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Res Gestae 26: nulli genti bello per iniuriam inlato
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100
Cicero,De Legibus II,9,22; Oxf.Class.Dic.,sv. fetials; Lewis & Reinhold 1990, p501;Frank 1929, p8.
101
Frank 1929, p9.
102 1965
103
Livy I,32.7: Si ego iniuste impieque illos homines illasque res dedier mihi exposco, tum patriae
compotem me nunquam siris esse..
104
Livy I,32.7: Audi, Iuppiter, et tu, Iane Quirine, dique omnes caelestes, vosque terrestres vosque
inferni, audite; ego vos testor populum illum"quicumque est, nominat"iniustum esse neque ius
persoluere; sed de istis rebus in patria maiores natu consulemus, quo pacto ius nostrum adipiscamur.
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Livy XLII,47
114 1965 .-
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118
Boak&Sinnigen 1965,p104.
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PolyIII,21-4.
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123 1982 .141
124 .
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Frank 1929, pp90ff
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226
Frank 1929,p123
136
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Appian, The Spanish wars, VI. 6-13; Kagan 1986, pp112-114.
140 1988 .200
139
Trebia
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Trasimene
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Fabian tactics
Cunctator
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Ennius .
Aemilius Paulus
141 1983 . 275-273
142 1997 .137
Ennius IX, 307: Unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem.
143
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Pax deorum
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Eutrop., III,10.
Livy XXV,12.5&22.44.& Poly,III,113.
146 1982 150.
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145
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Poly IX,10.9;Walbank JRS1963,p6.
Poly XV, 10.2; Walbank JRS1963, p9.
148
149
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Hallward -
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150 1983 282.
151
Massilia -
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154
Appian, Roman History
III, frag., 10.
The Spanish wars,
VI. 6-13
Cicero, De Republica
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III 23, 35
Duties I, 9.35.
De Legibus II,9,22.
Ad Varro,III.12-14
Dio Cassius,
VIII,21-22
X. 41
XI. 43
Diodorus Siculus; Koinai
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XIV,16,43,102
XIX,10
Dionysius Halicarnassius,
Antiquitates Romanae
VC,6.1-3
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II,LXXII,4
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Florus, Epitome Bellorum Omnium
Annorum DCC.
I,1, 4,13,,18,20&21
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ILLUSTRIBVS URBIS
ROMAE(Electronic Source),
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Greenidge 1901