CHAPTER 9:

ENDANGERED
ECOSYSTEM

9.1 : HUMAN ACTIVITIES

THAT ENDANGER AN
ECOSYSTEM

Human activities which threaten the

ecosystem:
~development and industrialization.
~increase in the number of motor
vehicles.
~increase the usage of pesticides and
chemical fertilizers in the agriculture
sector.
~uncontrolled deforestation.

The impact of human activities on

the ecosystem:
~soil erosion.
~flash flood.
~landslide.
~eutrophication.
~water, air, thermal and noise pollution.
~global warming.
~depletion or thinning of the ozone layer.
~climatic change.
~extinction of living things.

POLLUTION
(undesirable change in the physical chemical or
unbiological characteristic of the natural
environment,brought about by human
activities)

Air
Pollution

Water
Pollution

Thermal
Pollution

Noise
Pollution

Air Pollution
Caused

by the presence of pollutants in the air which

are harmful to life and the environment.
Sources of pollution:
a)Burning
rubbish,forest,solid waste.
b)Factories and industries
burning of fossil fuel.
c)Motor vehicles
release harmful gaseous.(CO)
Effects:
~Cause respiratory diseases such as lung cancer.
~Dust that cover the plant will block the stomata.
~Soot and dust will blackens the buildings.
~Form haze which is harmful to humans.
~Reduces agricultural productivity.(e.g:photosynthesis)

Water Pollution
Caused

by domestic wastes,industrial wastes, soil

erosoin and agricultured waste that are discharged
directly into rivers.
Souces of pollution:
a)Discharge of untreated sewage and domestic waste
into rivers.
b)Discharge of industrial waste.
c)Discharge of agricultural waste.
d)Oil spillage.
Effects:
~Causes death to all life forms in the sea.
~Pollutes the beaches.

Thermal Pollution
The

release of excessive heat into the environment.

Sources of pollution:
a)Discharged of hot water from factories,nuclear
reactors and electric power stations.
b)Glass buildings.
Effects:
a)Cause instant death to some species.
b)Distrupt the entire ecosystem.
c)Encourages rapid growth for algae.

Noise Pollution
The

occurrence of excessive noise in the environment

that disturbs the tranquality of life.
Sources of pollution:
a)Trains and cars.
b)Construction sites.
c)Machines and equipment in factories.
Effects:
a)Hearing problems.(deafness)
b)High blood pressure.
c)Emotional and mental disturbances.