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Civil War Ib PPT 1 2
Civil War Ib PPT 1 2
Wa r
Sectionalism Begins
North
Industrialized
Textiles, farm
South
Cotton, rice,
equipment, guns
Railroads
Telegraphs wires
Immigrants
Some antislavery
Agricultural
tobacco
Rivers
Slaves
Wilmot Proviso
David Wilmot
1846
No
Southern
Balance
argument of property
of Power in Congress
Southerners
succession
start to threaten
Compromise of 1850
Henry Clay
California was
to be admitted to the
Union as a free state
Revision and stricter Fugitive Slave
Law
North had to help Capture and return
slaves
Popular
Slave Voyage
Unclean
Stale food
Darkness
Disease
Many died
Resistance of Slavery
Underground
Railroad
Harriet Tubman
Abolitionist
19
trips to North
300
slaves
Slave Auctions
Beecher Stowe
Bestseller
-Million copies by
1853
Stereotypes
Depicted
or talked about
cruelties of Slavery
Helped
ending slavery
Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854
People rebelled
Bloody Kansas
John Brown
Abolitionist
Believed God
wanted him to
fight slavery
Preston Brooks- SC
Charles Sumner- Made Speech
John Brown
1859
Raid
on Harpers Ferry, VA
Tried
Wanted
Brown
Lincoln Elected
May
1860
Republican
would
Candidate
not directly or
popular vote
Like a row of
dominoes
December
Carolina
1861 Mississippi, Alabama,
Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas.
Confederacy
Constitution- protected and
recognized slavery
States were to be sovereign and
independent
Jefferson
Davis- President of
Confederacy
2)Champion
3)Main
Souths Strengths
Only
on
could
War
only
fighting
Souths Strengths
Southerners
Men
possibility
of GB or FR joining
Souths Weaknesses
Little industry, only agriculture plantations
1)Couldnt make own weapons, warships, etc.
2)Clothing
3)Had
4)Poor
Souths Weaknesses
b. Weak central government
1)States rights had bigger role
2)Harder
3)Could
inflation
Northern Strengths
Strong
Industrial economy
South)
2) Production capability 9x South
Northern Strengths
Larger population
1)Two and a half times size of South
(plus immigrants)
2)South
Northern Strengths
Better military
1)More soldiers (2 million vs.
800,000)
2)Better
equipped soldiers
3)Larger,
Northern Weaknesses
a. Most
b. Northerners
Gentlemanly
c.
Southern Ports
Control
Capture
Virginia
Generals
Grant Union
Part
Generals
Grant Union
South
Generals
Grant Union
MO,
KY relieved of economic
pressure since river opened up
Dissuaded
GB and FR from
recognizing or joining CSA. Also
tightened Norths grip on South
(entire Mississippi)
Generals
Grant Union
This
Lincoln)
2)AlcoholicLincoln said that if he knew
Grants brand of whiskey he would send
it to every commander in Army
[1]
1)Inflict
2)Anything
3)Hope
4)Anticipates
century
Union Generals
William Tecumseh Sherman
Union Generals
William Tecumseh Sherman
a. Commanded
second of Grants
two-pronged attack
b. Pushed his way through GA after
the battles in TN
c. Besieged, captured, and burned
Atlanta in Sept. 1864.
d. Saved Lincolns bid for re-election
Union Generals
William Tecumseh Sherman
Beginning of "March to the Sea"
1)After taking Atlanta, cut a 60-milewide swath through the heart of Georgia
2)Ended at Savannah on the sea in
December, 1864.
3)Destroyed everything in his path:
supplies destined for the Confederate
army, horses, cattle, RRs and cities,
towns (but did no direct, physical harm
to civilians)
Union Generals
William Tecumseh Sherman
4)Designed
to:
a) Weaken morale of the men at the
front by waging war on their homes
b) Inflict the horrors of war on the
South to break its will. "War is hell"
c) Cut off Lee in VA from MS, AL, GA,
rest of CSA
AKA War of Attrition
Total War
Definition:
a war in which
every available weapon is used
and the nation's full financial
resources are devoted
Union Generals
William Tecumseh Sherman
5)Pioneer
of "total war."
6)Turned away slaves seeking refuge
7)Turned northward into South Carolina
where destruction more severe than in
Georgia
8)Capital city of Columbia set aflame.
9)Shermans army reached deep into
North Carolina by wars end.
10)Despite brutality, war was probably
shortened thus saving lives.
Confederate Generals
ROBERT E. LEE
THOMAS STONEWALL
JACKSON
Confederate Generals
Robert E. Lee and Thomas Stonewall
Jackson
a. Two of the 25% of Union generals
to side w/South after being offered
command of entire Union army
(Lincolns reaction: I will bury this
countrys dead in his back yard.
Arlington National Cemetery)
b. Lee
CSA Generals
c.
Instrumental in defending
Richmond from Union attacks
(versus McClellan at Seven Days
BattlesGeneral Joseph Johnston
wounded, Lee given command of all
CSA forces) during opening stages of
war
d. Emboldened
by initial successes,
Lee attacked Washington in hopes of
CSA Generals
e. Both
f.
g. After
h. Due
CSA Generals
i.
At Battle of Chancellorsville,
Jackson was accidentally shot by
own sentry; arm amputated,
contracted pneumonia and died.
Lee: I have lost my right arm
j.
CSA Generals
k. Very
l.
m.
n. Inflicted
o. Lee
p. Lee
q. Finally
cornered at Appomattox
Courthouse and forced to surrender,
ending U.S. Civil War.
First Battle
March
4, 1861
Fort Sumter attacked by
Confederates
Surrender of North
South
miles from
Washington DC
General
Stonewall
Thomas Jackson
First
Southern
Victory
E. Lee (South/Confederate)
and Ulysses S. Grant (North/ Union)
DC
Union corporal found plans in one of
Lees cigars
September 17, 1862
26,000 dead
No decisive victory
Allowed Lincoln opportunity to
prepare the Emancipation
Proclamation
1) Demoralize north
IV. E. 2.)
Aims
a. Only
Outcome
a. High casualties on both sides: Lee
28,000 (33% of forces); Meade
23,000 (Picketts Charge7,000 men
in 30 mins.); Union victory
b. Myth of Lees invincibility broken;
huge morale lift for north
c. Lee never again strong enough to
invade north.
Freedom
Emancipation Proclamation
January 1, 1863
Freed slaves in the all rebellious
territory
aka South
Buffalo Soldiers
All
54th
Glory
Helped
North Win
Surrender at Appomattox
Courthouse
April
segregation in schools,
housing, military, and drinking
fountains.
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and contrast
The strengths of the North and the
South