Direction or Flow of Communication

Downward communication
Upward communication
Horizontal communication
Diagonal communication

Downward Communication

Downward communication
Merits
1)Mission and Goals
2)Plans and Policies
3)Duty and authority
4)Job satisfaction
Limitations
1.Distortion
2.Incomplete Information
3.Time Consuming
4.Filteration of Information.

Upward Communication

Upward Communication

Media of upward Communication

1.Suggestion System.
2.Grievance Procedure .
3.Open-door Policy.
4.Questionnaries
5.Ombudsperson

Merits of Upward Communication

Feedback
Creative Ideas
Better Relations
Increased Motivation
Overcome Resistance to Change

Limitations
of upward communication
Fear and Apprehensions
Filteration
Time Consuming
Inattention by Superiors
Low Morale.

Horizontal or Lateral Communication

It refers to the transmission of information

among persons of the same level.

Horizontal or Lateral Communication

Merits of Horizontal communication

It speeds up the flow of work in the organization
It facilitates problem-solving among members at

the same level and brings about co-ordination.

It helps in reviewing activities assigned to people

working at identical positions.

It develops mutual trust and confidence.

It relieves top managers burden of solving

problems of lower levels.

Limitations of Horizontal
Communication
1.Managers lack knowledge of other

functional areas.
2.Personal likes and dislikes among different
work group can obstruct free flow of
information.
3. Differences in perception and attitudes of
functional heads can be counter productive
in horizontal communication.

Diagonal Communication
Diagonal communication cuts across different

functions and level in an organization.

Hello lieutenant,patroling
ecxz speaking sir,Im rite
here at the crime scene

Helo, officer,tell me, is

there an emergency?

 Diagonal communication occurs between

officers who are at different levels of authority

and who serve under different commands.

 This type of communication is common in

tactical situations which require the quick

transfer of information or advice

Diagonal communication is usually

verbal.

It is a most direct
and fastest
method
of communication.

Disadvantages
It can destroy lines of authority and formal

chains of command.

 It can lead to conflicting orders and hence to

further confusion