Outline

Reading: Livingston, Chapter 9

Hydrogen Atom Potential

Energy Levels of a Hydrogen Atom
Energy Levels for One Electron Atoms and Neutral Atoms

Chapter 9

Hydrogen Atom: Potential Profile

2 2

+ V = E
2m

Chapter 9

A Quick Review of Spherical Coordinates

Chapter 9

Hydrogen Atom Energy Levels

13.6
me 4
En = 2 2 2 = 2 eV
8 o h n
n

With high voltage

applied (similar to
fluorescent lights)

1 1
h = 13.6 2 - 2 eV
n n
i
f
Chapter 9

Energy Levels for Other Single Electron Atoms

Ze 2
V (r ) =
4 o r
Li3+

Z 2 me 4
Z 2 (13.6)
eV
En = 2 2 2 =
2
8 o h n
n

Energy Levels for Other Neutral Atoms

V (r ) =
Li3+

En =

Z eff2 me 4
8 h n

Chapter 9

2
o

Z eff e 2
4 o r

Z eff2 (13.6)
n

eV
5

Solutions to the S.E. for Hydrogen Atom

2 2

+ V = E
2m

V (r ) =

e2
4 o r

Chapter 9

Restrictions on Quantum Numbers

n = 1, 2, 3,.
l = 0, 1, 2, 3,, (n-1)
m = -l,, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2,, +l
s = +1/2 or -1/2

Chapter 9

Allowable
states in
subshell

+/-

+/-

-1

+/-

+/-

+/-

+/-

-1
0
1

+/-
+/-
+/-

-2
-1
0
1
2

+/-
+/-
+/-
+/-
+/-

Chapter 9

Allowable
states in
complete
shell

18
10

Shapes of Subshells

Chapter 9

Chapter 9

10

n=1
n=2
n=3
n=4

Chapter 9

11

Review Questions
1. Qualitatively what is the potential profile associated with a
hydrogen atom? How does it relate to radius?
2. What are the allowed energy levels for a hydrogen atom? How
does energy related to principal quantum number?
3. What are the allowed energy levels for a one-electron atom (not
necessarily hydrogen)?
4. What are the allowed energy levels for neutral atoms? Why?
5. How many unique quantum numbers an electron have according to
Paulis Exclusion Principle?
6. What are the general shapes of the subshells?
7. What is the principal quantum number and subshell in 1s2? How
many electrons are in this atom? If this is a neutral atom, which
one is it?
8. How are the Schrodinger Equation and the Periodic Table related?
Chapter 9

12

Important Equations
2 2
d

+ V = i
2m
dt
V (r ) =

e2
4 o r

Ze 2
V (r ) =
4 o r
V (r ) =

Z eff e 2
4 o r

1 1
h = 13.6 2 - 2 eV
n n
i
f

2 2

+ V = E
2m

4 o 2
ao =
= 0.0528nm
2
me

me 4
13.6
En = 2 2 2 = 2 eV
8 o h n
n
Z 2 me 4
Z 2 (13.6)
En = 2 2 2 =
eV
8 o h n
n2
En =

Z eff2 me 4
8 h n
2
o

Z eff2 (13.6)
n

eV

n = 1, 2, 3,.
l = 0, 1, 2, 3,, (n-1)
m = -l,, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2,, +l
s = +1/2 or -1/2
Chapter 9

13