Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Jocelyn Hunt, The French Revolution 2

    Uploaded by

    Omar Sánchez Santiago
    239 views18 pages
    Revolución francesa, Historia

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    Revolución francesa, Historia

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf
    239 views18 pages

    Jocelyn Hunt, The French Revolution 2

    Uploaded by

    Omar Sánchez Santiago
    Revolución francesa, Historia

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf
    of 18
    happened ite conspire ha lesred anaes mn he west or : renewed federal eel E Ihe Tere in et eter igh uh ak) cecatolonhndoteTertudbon ner Tarpocaswee | “amoticaly opposed to thaws othe Terror, Concessions gon ‘were made othe whel of Face, nd he Mima was alowed ts ‘olapse; but espe favourable tome were ogolated sh fe ‘abel nthe west athough, when the Chowne teed one lat . king, in Juno 1785, the Tharmioiane. damned tht they twee pererycapabie of decisneacton. tthe asa ie, the new nttuten of th Year was designed np at last to cate those who bebeved tht France would bs tered by Fen of ‘itstance and wih a clererachy of pow, The rig goad with optim te eben! the Brocton ‘revel cectons would roves! the the wishes of te, popetg ‘tts, and wel, thoy beled, soon fi both Councils wh ere ‘Seat koe fo wots forthe restoration ! ie monarchy and othe Roman Church They ware tobe deappinid Alhough tho wert ‘ ‘of France had beon more o lees peace sce Ouro, Gone i Hocto eit had oops based there, andthe ccunerveviteray ( leuders Chae ang Stott were captred and led belre they ould renew the serad singe, Love XVWl was encouraged by ‘Bonapare’s coup, and wrote ta hi n Fobra 1800, "Save France i ‘rom or pasions and you wit hive lla ny at's deste. Restore i her King fo Ror and luure generations al bse your momo Boars replies, sone mes later, "You must at hop fr your ‘euro Franca’ The Colle was rot ate towards the retochon \ tthe Soubone. Throughout the Revatutonay pad then, French govemnnente ‘oacle othe thst rao: prea, of counter evakion. Mary of ‘her most extome Iss and requsions were cnactd to canta "eason ard abeion. thre Ma bash genes septa of the Revoutonay anges tough al lates and llrogien of France is reasonab to suppote tat the Constuton of 1781 might here ‘emeinedin ores ae its monarchy might have ba abled brane, i Questions 1. How trai it to ay hat the Chl Constitution o ho Clay was the main cause ofthe growth of counterrvalionaly ‘ety? 94 TRECCUNTRETTOTRON 2. How doas en understanding of te ccurtrevoution hel to erslan the onset and vitent nature ofthe Taror? SOURCES ‘The cues n this chapter hve beon chase ovate a range ot ‘spect fhe coun revotton The es groupie concamad nthe ero tranches ofthe movement, andthe second wh Repatons 1. ASPECTS OF COUNTER REVOLUTION Souree A te fom the Count of Provence to his brother the Count of tal, 38 january 1793. sto ese te ha of Ray rp a fe set in ‘a meta Hi ve ad eat ine esses a he "oun ha cum ys at uso in Pale o Fras, Coma firs, ‘Source ‘ress to the French’ written by Abbé Berner, May 79% ean Nes ca fh et ae mat jt of cases Wow th tu tho Fn.nany ee greet a hy. ‘zl and man Gah go, aha gw al re fae wn rd por wc Pais, ur enricfemi ety i,t it © a wo, sabotage teil ele a the ta pea tht sete teat sto ite To fae enced asm Whe eo gn, sey the pace a an i am oe ae he pw na iter Ye oe ith ai ee, you was rn ri te ee i st ‘avian pats Source C: extrac fom Josep Fatington's Diary, 21 jly 769. 8 Rcens..das & ge umf Fe Eig, amy ft tig ton. Te vary so aes amy tan, ene tig oe, ‘asa hy et mnie Carat wih tes tty TECOTETRVSLUTON 95 be cats ra ible ha ing. ah ty ab a tummangsce of ig exe em hr aa eum Source Ds s peasan's contemporary account of the wrk inthe Vendoe. uy const of ass mj way sues gh cons ‘uaa wth segs 8 kes in eh = ropes. cue, a oes an wri sp wa rs y gach ad re so rs lan nud We nod rh erat fo they ane sg el tne pets sta. cu pe oa pt Hak ‘ame en tar eg, btw Sd ee. St vr sau Be Reuben gues hi one we xu hg eee at ‘the gus Wan th a a pre sh a 8 ewe gw an ash on eg ates I ym ae ha Wl hy he ‘re ad ne Soures €: memo of Mme la Marquise de Rochejacqutin, published in 7, The geese cng wn te snip eget. The acts tonite ye Bs ha med wy acted tat 0 nes hou bh ani at tn sire fom Ws sho be get fv ll he cue to ay by wh a awn ab Ti yar apart te sles ~ 2a wen py ds the Yer, hat een ae he yaaa yao Hay aes an is ang xa, Conse wa ob ca sumed, ‘eae fh ayo te Wee pone a stag pat The ate (et ws iy pe nd as oe wt fxn, or ae = fre thong hich i pS wn od Uvex! must os al ek te ao, bgn aes, waren cig ee eo ey opel lp by ta a, wero en ra Me ay say ad and sel foes. The mabey woe as uly ui one 3 Uso ar ape. Wh en ar {mye ng fe mistaken ao he Rpts of ngs hig ioe of a Questions |. Who were the Courts of Provence snd tia (Sour AY? 2 2. Doss Source B provide a complete summary of he wwe and fis ofthe counter avon?) 96 TRECOURTEERTOTUTON 3, The momo rom which Source E wars taken ware published in 4817 What evlnce is thre n the rac! as fo the date out which se is weting? 3) 4. How useiul ta histonan is en anonymous account euch 38 Soures D? 6} 5. Using these aouces and your own knowlege, cuss the ‘ent lo which the countarravaion poved 9 felt! [o Revoluierary France 8) Worked anewer 3 Mis important ‘aan’ ofth mars and hii bes done by feding emer aterent pointers wi the exact and denoting your rowed, hap eu reach your conan ‘he author ofthe mmole es autora source, tang been ‘mared sto General soir (who cs of wounds star Chl ent ‘han to General Hann de Rechsjacusin, who mae hile Felony 1794: us ae knew about evens inthe Verde Clee din source does na et othe boing of tho Vendéen ‘con, sina the authori dezaring an ey wih wounded men nd the staging progres of raves Sh aso wre about the Rb of to Ropuotcans ct sbway’ stacking she hast oxi a he cok, Ther ra, bowerer, coer poor the preci da he elering to. Tho afrnco tothe stots may wel relr lo Western's ‘shavou ter Savory (December 1789) about which he wate hve crushed te chien under my horses! Moov, massacrod the women. They afaast wna a th oan more bigande The meat ecoic infomation concems ie Maine sodas which pres oct‘ date forth passage. The Mane parison suronderod te Praia on 28 hy 1799 and were rolsead On pee, hing ‘commited tonestes nat oh against the Conon powers They ‘wee ued nthe Vendée tom Augut onweds, wah the Replica [scat hat he Vande was a domestic urate than» pe! (he iterations ete "some proba, thrive, that he paseoge retro the winter ord api of 1799-4, TRECOUEEREOTITION $7 2 REPUBLICAN RESPONSES TO THE COUNTER REVOLUTION Source F: Bisst inthe Lglatve Assembly, 179) you wh tt ety te ay, us be ‘oka Th diy Cow. he Hed tan ek tn be ‘bigdog ane mt Conan. Source C: Colt ePHerbos to Dupay in Pts, fom Commune ‘Afanchie (Lyon) 95 Far (5 December 1799) Ye ve cd 3 cams shih ts ata ey wal "pian assim Site cpa ie st yr a the ‘ay lc ne hp pt pane de ti a la oy nh xe ene the et death phe ‘asin sr Suh camp wl nec aa ht wa, Source Hi from the memlts of Gane! Turens, pblshed ce ‘Vind soe thr uno fr an ate sv, nth a soy spare cy at ators Thy wre malta atc othr glia ee, pac eam cn no tl cel an lage tha oe wey hh aa sae stu or cn Thi cue wan om, ot pet da, ep ad psn anata te bytes nan an i ‘hse Fee, rg ese 3 ma of oy, ml ry be coma Foe eta nua sah, wre nae esse ooh sie hes it ets ng sperma em a i owe aang wt Fete cana eat wl nd ty est "gre sucess repo. fy fw ama ey Ka : sl any om of ware rl texan lof ety rk, mae > yan hy a be wh me wen Ly Bs: ge 2d din he ary an eh sch i, sey sta ‘edn a caty sho ptosis se tart he ma ama of oe ape. ite ts nan chm gy Ss bewar son ise ey, We one) a fe uc ON, we am tu in cates vere on ses Er ad asa? ERUNTERREVELITCN oe Source: proclamation ofthe Catholic and Royal Army of Beltany to the lnbbitants ofa Peta, 2 Api 1795- | ie hep your ner, Wo he ci fom teams of ie pope hr gomsaau oh be at hy tg ute a | ur me reshapes tro you esta, Prns ‘ue tan ants: yor sony and yaw pst a me se yh ye reas al ee i ea We ms 8 oko he common sha a pene ad ey, sn ot te ay of a, | ae ewita weet Tekan |) maranatha | Questions 1. Expain the rofeenco to ‘Cable in Source F. 2] f 2. Bycommentig on tho tone end contest of Clot Herbals later, Source G, discuss how effecte a poe of plea ring iti.) 8. How convincing ar the reasons identi by Tuceas (Source 0 for the imited succose of Republcan armies in the Venlin? (8 “4. Compe the attitudes of Sources Ian 10 the negotations wit the Republicans. What lent co these eouces shod o> ' the diftutos of achieving peace? [6) 5. ‘Successive French goverment overracted tothe dangers i ‘of Counter Revolution” Ung these sources and your own rowed, analyse th tun of thi statement. 6) \ Worked answer “4. [You should carpe the ckcaretanes and purposes ofthe two suroas 25 wel at her content) Source He a publ decaraton,intendod to comin the mas lhe option tt they snot bong batrayed, whl Sores Jia pete THECOTRTEE ROTOR 99 | 8 DID THE FRENCH REVOLUTION END WITH BONAPARTE? BACKGROUND NARRATIVE te of war one of Borspart's mst Iti achievements, His veforas hcston, sly, reduced a wnifor system acres rence, partmentl Jn selecting the ery Best for ate n.Asngle univers of France, with branches onthe sey rent universe of France, ar wells the me cil ad speci ofthe Directory, was cuntrlled and united by ‘centrally ordained cra nd save wpervs The Revolutionary changes in religion, which had so divided France, were, toa extent, reversed by Bonaparte, His negations with the Pope were so skifilysccoraplised that, by th ane she Pontiff clit hin le ie nd une it was to ate: Cabri became the religion of the majority ofthe French, but the eon, cated property of the Church was nt eetrned and the Orne Atlee ented tht any poner remained with the Fit Con who pad and therefore contoled the clergy The Directory bad begun the vad tes necesy to sor out the finances of France 1, seing up te borrorng and apart bat upon thir the Bank of France to administer p Terror, Aggressive pursuit uf war proiters, such as Onumard together with relendas collection of rears tx by Gavin omer canployed by the Royal Treasury, mat that for some yeas the {Conmalat was ale to balince i bo ‘nt this financial saul. Assoon ashe cane to poner, Bonaparte The wt, of cout, pu an had embarked on apd an icin campaign agin the Atstrans in the north of Ky, by the spring af 1802, there was pane, ven with Britain The French had gained wt any ofthe had ‘wane for alms decide, ad t a oe suggested that ths was a ey Setor in the eny acceptance of Bonaparte’ assimpeion a power for fein August 1802. The Peace of Anns ws pected with Fat rjlcing, bt only the most nave cou have hoped it would fs, and, by May 1803, France wae again at war Hittin sch Alwar H nc age tht Bonaparte gent Ws or war, so hat therefore he was Bound both t9 renew the war and to extend his wavol over France #0 tht he could finance and eqp the ever Inger armies his suatepies demanded. Others suggest tt be sed the wars the exewe forthe extension of per which wast ee hm row Binet hereditary emperor i 1808 Akogh many hs ts of the Revelation in TOS eee es cater, pole to ey parc af the Revoltion, in which she preoccupations of the polis cases in France remained unchanged, and during whch fome of the most myportant gine of the pre csoidated 0 that hey were never lst. lene Collin’ pape unmanss the views a historians and lols at Bongpare's whale peso in power bel an leary. Certainly tsay of the problems which bud confronted the reformer of 1789, and which had brougt aout the rial Revoliton,renaned tobe sled, The oo analjee in ths fe consder whether the poston of Fst Cos wa a ft the extet to which Ronaparte betrayed the Revolt he hel, aan fcr, son to srw ANALYSIS (1): HOW SIMILAR WAS THE POSITION OF THE FIRST CONSUL TO THAT OF A MONARCH OF FRANCE BEFORE SH? Songpar'e sexu of power bore m0 ralitonaip tothe nore snd poscell mechargms by whch French ge tek he throno Tha CConctuian ot 1781 mere confimed genareone cf tadton in acorn tet the monarchy France wae hereditary in tho al ine ‘case of power by tay foes war sayfa am a come Thought hay knew Bonaparte wa. This moan hat Borapai acted the simaaphere of Ohne Right which hea a est surncod the monte ting, ‘Bonaparte cater unl 1709 hud had its moments of gon, but head net appear to be potcaly ven. Gorn in 1769, eccsed 0 an acer uncer the ancien gine is promi chaneos wee ‘uc enhanced when ne tok the oth fo the aon 178, ince those wo cd not amgatc in rg numare Cnanca ensured tht ashe who ‘saved Tule, an, tharks fo is old Hand Salon he Sinives the purge whch flowed Theda. Paul Bars became his patron snd spon, erplayng hen to dow with tho oye ig of 13 Vonsarare NV. ara aeo nrodoced fim to he we Josephine who, csoaig io Cost Bares shall ea bre, td spent? ba wih whom Bonaparte sopra to have flr Pasiontly in lve. ous RU had seo beer burdoned wih an (eeevognt ape unaredvested wf! Bonaparte’ wmghs my SOTERA RELIG ERE ATH BORAT 105 ought France clas to & vitor pate, wth on Btn holing Amonien coins, continued 0 ble co again ht hes been supgerie tht both heute detest of tne the came of Fiance tthe Low Bian and the furheang oF Genera! Bonaparte’ cuca’ slnag towards Egypt Bonapies tos of sammaeaton Wo Fence Were ca by Bch naa tone, bl tele nent Ue French hc aso ‘he tiumph fhe bate a to Pyranis, wbich confined Bonapar’s a stats. Hi ern fo Franca wa thelr anlamichod By ay feitred the Thi Esto had eon Teno Renee on Suggestion thar haha banned he sy, a ie sak n Erne ‘cra ware fic. ice te tat fear eee ‘wes cortani higher tan that of any Dain en hs scons he eruption was freely dal wih Boneparieepretead mos hes throne nang Fence, he had the advantage of x Contain wih inatar apets fh econ than te Kng hod done coat hs ad weitan final and af wien no wae 1 ey, nh erent, td encouraging technical nstons and enurng tat heen ‘Cenitatore shoul be ser an obacae ‘stem prodioed engineers apd mandate! Den cn Kine Bofere 1781 ware sad tb aol bu ware feed by st Foe conta andimtaons on perso dan nae a nds of coniints ard contol. The Church had sn eat sone fcondernationty he Phiosaphes bles he Revuion, tet eave meu ats, Bongpsrte ensure hs the Crh ay realy 3 reneh eon ene ficient: «whl un of trporing ae eng the il ween Wings wor ond y the Crurh andhs owed ‘boned ts had fourth mn the 17709 and 180n, bosmpere ‘hor outa 19 Goa! orapai ok power ug his on cg, alee were more thorugh and so ewingoing mer he carat fee catoulaged a¢ the General Wi which, a8 Corel Game scaly Stcenscraip repay eee te want eee ea remit, became synonymous wih Gonorl Semsoar® indeed Bonapste cased dow satya the seventy. ves nenoparce fhe ‘hen he became emparor 1806, he crowned hea bt ne in January 1800, and had week summary propiedad etecd Presence of the Pope, Ietrl bute was sonable tlh Chae Poe, Fausto The Fst Consus chioe of mints was tr more pers ne nt pt what want em tn he ear woy th ed eves oe than had boen possible fer he kgs of Fanon Sonepat estclched het sppee ined and iticent when compared fo Sonnet, a'sjtem of acing his mnistere nbd, n odor to ge ha sd Fovche's ecard of pice spies, tie witht uy and Ince rtructins. Inthe bam way, Senapare chose which “rd! ‘ent withowt tt Bonapartos bra experience sa locsonsteaeny {za he would const; Kings of Fane had chan for com ‘Ait had taught Ki ow to recopmae, and det wily partial tuling the poop! bu thse had fae ino devee and ths he he beans Estates General mtn 1789, th fect was revalutonay. Sonepat The jay had stood epee boy we, ul 1814 acbmesie snd complet le th ing wae nominal Kinga of Hance. had contolnd local goverment ih the fe uigos hed bean 2 btendars replacing the Vaden power of he provi nobles prvioges ard machariama. The Pavements decd nhother te Bonaparte may be tall lo have resord th etm of renders gs laws wor acceptale win the undannialaws of eae buts pretects were far more is eam extra Mis the Under the Cori, hore wore no Interior, Lucien Bonpare, dacuseod each eppniment with hin ond ‘The jadgne were i eepcnons, a pan, Bonaparte wasnt ntd a parteuar ars, ut oul heats the coute seposed at hase wt Sy oon he waned. Once the prelets wera pce ther Ek wih gevenment a mie rapidly than od cn poste nth ego Pars were clove arte rls govoring thor cont spec, {au XV. impresnment and deportation boctme epithe ‘As tho poley preoccupations of he kings of rane, Benepe ‘netramens of eontol unr Bonapce shared many other: volrertn possi unecssasy wt Nad Kige of nce were taoec een ‘laraged th economy of ancien rgine France ana Bonaparte wast ane sonic Bonar, oo puree the European war wth only bil sue. The Pasta nd glory of Fence, ermiy towards ren, wich bad persnded Love XV la heb the A any rans negotiations: Cours, 8 teat oF wer fon ‘te sitoenth cent, wie maintained by Bonaparte othe ot Tax ctocton was pop ater under Banaoare hen thd ben nde he kings, Thete ware no erarpions, end autores ene ressonbhy aqui. The soci! sd raganal vnieions wen neon ‘soa tom the kings of he ancien ein iy he spree edge, he ining taj mater fer the Poors, wth hele ment nr peopl andhad a sens of ty eleved nat Nowa essai the gd but was ale to make hi own decison Soc, ‘hat constites th good of Farce és wey which ves so open 04 DOTHTFRENCH RETTUTON NSW BORAT THERE anoTReNcRowrenasees THERE AVOUT RSW BORAT 105 te ig. Fry, who the sonaeny of ance wes baresary eng ‘ormanent, and he poston of Fret Cons wae supposed obs hel Ter tan years, Bonaire's stangih was demonsiated when srangud ha um corsuion, sto give hen he elo fe an han to becore a hratary nanerch, A regime had anyheg approaching the power which Banepa had ‘ban peated ke for sel Querions |. How signsicant to Benapar's otrcse of power was Ne {a thatthe people approved ts Constitution? 2, How fais tue to aay thatthe Concordat wae key axpect bi Bonaparte's cone! af Frenco? [ANALYSIS (2); DID BONAPARTE BETRAY THE REVOLUTION? Ritonane. 0.6 Wg ange tht perceptions of such 2 storg we rieetee tabi adn On star an Hey on TORTS Rehy er vcuctanoe fake pat el goverment Gumus poor ny ear fhe took td hod por Ser pectpencro ef Pane, = trouble To oy othe Soe err? Ths evutoney nate ft eon si areas Revlon ct 7012 Revlon tte Decoy? eo ine gue of he Rawson re cra eae o ose by Soapate The wong sur ned hgh ts 0 oe oy tad te power ad th Pat Gon lone Pad Be Bus Sys aaa aps cl pcr ans maya OP ‘Bethan le aro ad ben esto dg 1799 = “utente Repeersie ie Coren a ben Sent eo dettontna tou tose pan ac by Borge nh | | | Te Fema the Church byte Revol haben ater xbole Chincha eo eit auonomy nai he decree hed made te impact one meen ee Serene og oto rt hha edn Franco were gan back sty saw eigen of hes nto, the Cathate Chr, bo = coon othe Cons Murgoaly and ecoaiey, wan te ben ere 1786 Benepe ad enue ihe Chere on ca gine scr ie te itn ase. He a pos ‘ed entng he convener! and unpopular soon a e Reece pe Nan th Cover wn senor Dorp ne ete pots or ata They cars many epee 'erelius changes to alee rabnn Hea proves tae reves

    You might also like