Free space loss formula frequency

dependency
Although the free space loss equation given above seems
to indicate that the loss is frequency dependent. The
attenuation provided by the distance travelled in space is
not dependent upon the frequency. This is constant.
The reason for the frequency dependence is that the
equation contains two effects:
1 The first results from the spreading out of the energy
as the sphere over which the energy is spread
increases in area. This is described by the inverse
square law.

2 The second effect results from the antenna aperture

change. This affects the way in which any antenna can
pick up signals and this term is frequency dependent.

As one constituent of the path loss equation is frequency

dependent, this means that there is a frequency
dependency within the complete equation.