Criticism and corruption allegations

See also: Corruption in Kenya and Goldenberg scandal

In 1999 the findings of NGOs like Amnesty International[9] and a special investigation by the
United Nations[10] were published which indicated that human rights abuses were prevalent in
Kenya under the Moi regime.
Reporting on corruption and human rights abuses by British reporter Mary Anne Fitzgerald
from 198788 resulted only in her being vilified by the government and finally deported. Moi
was implicated in the 1990s Goldenberg scandal and subsequent cover-ups, where the
Kenyan government subsidised exports of gold far in excess of the foreign currency earnings
of exporters. In this case, the gold was smuggled from Congo, as Kenya has negligible gold
reserves. The Goldenberg scandal cost Kenya the equivalent of more than 10% of the
country's annual GDP.
Half-hearted inquiries that began at the request of foreign aid donors never amounted to
anything substantial during Moi's presidency.[citation needed] Although it appears that the
peaceful transfer of power to Mwai Kibaki may have involved an understanding that Moi
would not stand trial for offences committed during his presidency, foreign aid donors
reiterated their requests and Kibaki reopened the inquiry. As the inquiry has progressed, Moi,
his two sons, Philip and Gideon (now a member of Parliament), and his daughter June, as
well as a host of high-ranking Kenyans, have been implicated. In testimony delivered in late
July 2003, Treasury Permanent Secretary Joseph Magari recounted that in 1991, Moi ordered
him to pay Ksh34.5 million ($460,000) to Goldenberg, contrary to the laws then in force. [11]
In October 2006, Moi was found, by the International Centre for Settlement of Investment
Disputes, to have taken a bribe from a Pakistani businessman to award monopoly of duty-free
shops at the country's international airports in Mombasa and Nairobi. The businessman Ali
Nasir claimed to have paid Moi US$2 million in cash to obtain government approval for the
World Duty Free Limited investment in Kenya. [12]
On 31 August 2007, WikiLeaks published a secret report that laid bare a web of shell
companies, secret trusts and frontmen that his entourage used to funnel hundreds of millions
of pounds into nearly 30 countries.[13][14]