Active transportTo pump a solute across a membrane against its concentration gradient

requires work.
It allows a cell to maintain internal concentrations of small solutes that differ
from its enviorment.
For example, compared with its surroundings, an animal cell has a much
higher concentration of potassium ions and a much lower concentration of
sodium ions. The plasma membrane helps maintain these steep gradients by
pumping sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell.
ATP supplies the energy for most active transport.
1. Atp can power active transport is by transferring its terminal phosohate
group directly to the transport protein. The protein can induce the protein
to change its shape in a maner that translocates a solute bound to the
protein across the membrane.
EG. Sodium-potassium pump