ERNEST ADU YIRENKYI

Simulation 6
The issue of water security and sanitation among most African countries remains
largely similar although slight disparities exist. The UNDP reports that most urban
families in Africa have access to clean and safe water only two hours in every 48 to
72 hours, and water usage in certain communities hardly reaches the global
accepted least of twenty to twenty-five liters per capita per day (UNDP, 2006).
Kenya and Ghana have quite similarities and a few differences in this regard.
Ghanaians usually rely on lakes, rivers and streams as well as pipe water. Natural
water sources abound in 8 of the 10 administrative regions of the country. Most
urban dwellers rely on boreholes and tap water supplied by the Ghana Water
Company Limited to satisfy their water needs. Kenya, however, is known to be one
of the driest countries around the world. This implies that it has inadequate fresh
water sources to serves its population. Snyder (n.d), reports that Kenyans have
encountered water scarcity for years.
In the past years, elephantiasis and guinea worm were endemic diseases in
Ghana due to the use of polluted or contaminated water resources especially in
rural communities. Access to quality water resources in Ghana have improved
largely over the decades. Key successes have been the elimination of guinea worm
cases in the country over the last 15 years. In the past, most rural dwellers relied on
streams, rivers and lakes because those sources were the only choices they had.
Because water from these natural sources were in most cases polluted, the users
eventually developed abnormalities in health among which guinea worm was key.
Ghana has achieved her water target with 86 per cent coverage using improved
sources and that only 14 percent will need to be provided with safe water by 2025(
Asante,2014).
Kenyas water situation continues to improve slowly too. Recent statistics shows
that water sanitation has increased with 59% of the population having access to
safe water supplies and access to good sanitation up by 32%. Water sanitation is
improving but there is still a significant unmet need in most of the poor urban
communities. Snyder (n.d) stated that 68.7% of the urban population sanitation
hasnt improved over the past decade.

PART B.
1. Encourage countries to educate their people on matters regarding the scarcity of
water and the danger surrounding the shortage of water. We believe that it will help
them to economize the use of water consumption.
2. Urges countries to restrict their policies pertaining to water usage. Since water
has been a problem for many countries and the world at large, we will suggest that
individual countries should implement and restrict their policy to safeguard the use
of water consumption and improve on water sanitation.

3. Call upon member countries to collaborate with NGOS to institute measures to

solve water crises globally by mobilizing funds to support the most affected
countries to improve on their water system. Also they can use fundraising as a
method to mobilize fund to help those affected countries.

WORK CITED:

United Nations Development Program (UNDP) (2006). Human Development Report

2006; Beyond Scarcity: poverty and the global water and sanitation crisis, UNDP,
New York
Asante, E. S (2014). Government pledges to invest US$170m in water, sanitation.
Web. Accessed on 20th March, 2015
Snyder, S. (n.d.). Water In Crisis - Spotlight Kenya. Retrieved March 12, 2015, from
http://thewaterproject.org/water-in-crisis-kenya