1

:
: 9
: 02110411
: 02/03/2015

 ,
.
' ,
:
1 ,
1. ,
2. ,
3. ,
4. .
E, ,

, ,

, .


. 320 250 mm2.
() ,
,
() 150,
.

,
:
a) (1),
1000W (50) .
b) (),
.
(Boiler),
. , ,

'

,
.
c) (),

R134a.
d) (2),
500W (98.3) .
(5)
( )
(1, 2, 3, 4 & 5). (5)
(1)
(2) , (3)
(4), (5).

.
'
,
(), ,
Pitot.

:

1 ,
,
.
1) ,
() ,
,
Pitot,
,
.
2) ( ),

,
.
3)

, ,
.

-
-
:

1)
:

( )




, ,
.

.

. ( )
,
1,2,3,4,5
,
:

(gw/Kgd.a.)

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

9,5

9,7

11,4

11,1

11,5

46,5

51

59

58,3

59

0,850

0,862

0,871

0,870

0,870

hout-hin=59-46,5=12,5 KJ/Kgd.a.

wout-win=11,5-9,5=2 gw/Kgd.a.
:
.

V out = u out =

D2
u out
4

H 8,6 m/s
.
150 mm, o
V out =0,152m 3 /sec =546,8 m3 /h


:
.

V 1 n=m1 n v 1 n=mout v 1 n

:
.

V
mout = out
v out
.

out

o = 0,87 m3/Kgd.a
.

mout =628,5 kg /h

V 1 n=534,23 m3 /h

:
.

q =m1 n ( hout h1 n)q =2182,29 Watt

1
1000W,
.
, ,

, .

, :
.

m w =m out (wout w1 n ) m w =1257 kg /h

2.
:

,
:

,

(i)
.
:





COP
,
,
, ,
, R12 R22.

.

. ( )
,
1,2,3,4,5
,
:

(gw/Kgd.a.)

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

8,7

8,8

11,9

12,1

11,2

44,9

44,8

52

48

44,8

0,847

0,846

0,852

0,842

0,836

R-134a :

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

258
0,04000

278
0,01200

130
0,00070

75
0,00082

273
0,01350

(m3/Kgd.a.)

hin-hout=49,9-49,8=0,1 KJ/Kgd.a.

wout-win=11,2-8,7=2,5 gw/Kgd.a.

:
.

V out = u out =

D2
u out
4

H 8,6 m/s
.
150 mm, o V out =0,152m3 /sec=546,8 m3 /h

:
.

V 1 n=m 1 n v 1 n

, :
.

V 1 n=m 1 n v 1 n=m out v 1 n

:
.

.
V
mout = out mout =654,07 kg /h
v out
.

V 1 n=533,99 m3 /h

:
.

q =m1 n ( h1 nh out )

q =65,407 Watt

:
.

m w =m out (wout w1 n ) m w =1635,175 kg /h

:
.

.
m (h h )
m1 n (h A 3 h A 4)=m (h 1h 4) m = 1 n A 3 A 4 m =14,29 Kg/h
(h 1h 4 )
.

:
.

V =m v 3

V =0,01 m3 /h=0,168< min

:
q = h1 - h4 = 183 KJ/Kg

:
.

Q =q m Q =726,4 Watt

COP :
COP =

(h 1h 4)
=9,15
(h 2h 1)

COP
,
.

 R-12, ,
:

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

362

378

255

215

375

0,0333

0,0111

0,0008

0,0007

0,0233

:
.

.
m (h h )
m1 n ( h A 3 h A 4)=m ( h 1h 4) m = 1 n A 3 A 4 m =17,79 kg/h
(h 1h 4 )
.

:
.

V =m v 3

V 3=0,014 m3 /h=0,239< min

:
q = h1 - h4 = 147 KJ/Kg

:
.

Q =q m Q =726,43Watt

COP :
COP =

(h 1h 4)
=9,19
(h 2h 1)

 R-22, ,
:

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

408

412

270

213

409

0,0400

0,0091

0,00095

0,00082

0,01000

:
.

.
m (h h )
m1 n (h A 3 h A 4)=m (h 1h 4) m = 1 n A 3 A 4 m =13,41kg /h
(h 1h 4 )
.

:
.

V 3=m v 3
.

V 3=0,013 m 3 /h=0,214< min

:
q = h1 - h4 = 195 KJ/Kg
:
.

Q =q m Q =726,38Watt

COP :
COP =

(h 1h 4)
=48,75
(h 2h 1)

3.

:
i
i) ,
,

:

,
()

:



kJ/m3,

kJ/kgw .

, .
kW.

, .

.

. ( )
,
1,2,3,4,5

 ,
:

(gw/Kgd.a.)

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

8,9

9,1

13,3

13,5

13,6

45,2

45,5

58

60,2

59

0,848

0,850

0,858

0,864

0,858

hout-hin=59-45,2=13,8 KJ/Kgd.a.

wout-win=13,6-8,9=4,7 gw/Kgd.a.
:
.

V out = u out =

D2
u out
4

H 8,6 m/s
.
150 mm, o V out =0,152m3 /sec=546,8 m3 /h

:
.

V 1 n=m 1 n v 1 n=m out v 1 n

:
.

V
mout = out
v out
.

v out o = 0,858 m3/Kgd.a

.
mout =637,29 kg /h
.

V 1 n=540,43 m3 /h

 :
.

q =m 1 n ( hout h1 n)
.

q =2442,945 Watt

,
( ) :
.

m w =m out (wout w1 n ) m w =2995,26 kg /h

hout-hin=5945,2=13,8 KJ/Kgw..
,
16,08 KJ/m.
:
hw =

(h out h1 n )
=2936 KJ /kg w
(w out w 1 n)

,
, 235 C.

.

qw =hw m w =2,442 KW

4.
:

,

:

,
()
,

(i)
,

:




, , ,
, R12 R22


kJ/kgw
Qs Ql
kW,
,

h/w
SHF.
,
h/w SHF,




.

. ( )
,
1,2,3,4,5
,
:


(gw/Kgd.a.)

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

(%)

9,6

9,4

11,5

8,8

8,9

50,2

49,2

54,1

36

36,9

0,859

0,857

0,862

0,824

0,828

46,5

48,1

56,5

86,5

83,3

R-134a

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

253

278

108

55

282

0,07500

0,00850

0,00088

0,00078

0,01700

hin-hout=50,2-36,9=13,3 KJ/Kgd.a.

wn-wout=9,6-8,9=0,7 gw/Kgd.a.

:
.

D2
V out = u out =
u out
4

H 8,6 m/s
.
150 mm, o V out =0,152m3 /sec=546,8 m3 /h
:
.

V 1 n=m 1 n v 1 n

, :
.

V 1 n=m1 n v 1 n=mout v 1 n

 :
.

.
V
mout = out mout =660,39 kg /h
v out
.

V 1 n=567,27 m3 /h

:
.

q =m1 n ( h1 nh out )
.

q =2439,77 Watt

:
.

mw =m1 n (w 1n w out )=462,743 g w /h

:
.

.
m (h h )
m1 n (h A 3 h A 4)=m (h 1h 4) m = 1 n A 3 A 4 m =60,37 Kg/h
(h 1h 4 )
.

:
.

V 3=m v 3

V 3=0,053 m3 /h=0,885< min

:
q = h1 - h4 = 198 KJ/Kg

 :
.

Q =q m Q =3320,35Watt

COP :
COP =

(h 1h 4)
=7,92
(h 2h 1)

COP
,
.
R-12, ,
:

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

355

376

245

208

370

0,0625

0,0122

0,0018

0,0017

0,0166

:
.

.
m (h h )
m1 n ( h A 3 h A 4)=m ( h 1h 4) m = 1 n A 3 A 4 m =81,31 kg/h
(h 1h 4 )
.

:
.

V 3=m v 3

V 3=0,146 m3 / h=2,438< min

:
q = h1 - h4 = 147 KJ/Kg

 :
.

Q =q m Q =3320,15Watt

COP :
COP =

(h 1h 4)
=7
(h 2h 1)

R-22, ,
:

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

408

415

255

210

412

0,0580

0,0100

0,00089

0,00081

0,02000

A
:
.

.
m (h h )
m1 n ( h A 3 h A 4)=m ( h 1h 4) m = 1 n A 3 A 4 m =60,36 kg/h
(h 1h 4 )
.

:
.

V 3=m v 3

V 3=0,054 m3 / h=0,895< min

:
q = h1 - h4 = 198 KJ/Kg

 :
.

Q =q m Q =3319,8Watt

COP :
COP =

(h 1h 4)
=28,28
(h 2h 1)

.
ADP,
:
tDP=11,6oC
hDP=33KJ/Kgd.a.
hw,DP=46,1KJ/Kgd.a.
wDP=0,0101Kg/Kgd.a.

:
F=

( hGhDP )
=0,2267
( h AhDP )

:
hw =

h (h1 nh out )
=
=0,019 KJ /Kg w
w (w1 nwout )

1
1()
5(). , 1
h 1'= 48,5 KJ/Kg.

:

q s=m1 n (h1 'hout )=2127,92Watt

.

q L =m1 n ( h1 nh1 ')=311,82 Watt

( R134a) :
.

q , =m ( 1BF)[(h1 nhDP )(w A w DP)hw , DP ] q , =223,31Watt

:
.

q , =m (h1 nh out )=223,034 Watt

:
q , q , =0,276 Watt

O :
SHF =

qs
=0,872
(q s +q l)

h/w
1-5.
,

AG.

5.

 :

,

:

,
() (2)
,
,

(i)
,

:






. ;
Qs Ql
kW

.

. ( )
,
1,2,3,4,5
,
:


(gw/Kgd.a.)

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

(%)

10,3

10,2

11,8

9,3

9,1

52,8

51,2

56,8

39,3

46

0,863

0,861

0,865

0,829

0,844

44

48,2

57,5

78,3

55,1

R-134a

(KJ/Kgd.a.)

(m3/Kgd.a.)

254

279

110

56

27

0,05600

0,00810

0,00087

0,00078

0,00088

hin-hout= 52,8-46=6,8 KJ/Kgd.a.

wn-wout=10,3-9,1=1,2 gw/Kgd.a.
:
.

D2
V out = u out =
u out
4

H 8,6 m/s
.
150 mm, o V out =0,152m3 /sec=546,8 m3 /h

:
.

V 1 n=m 1 n v 1 n

, :
.

V 1 n=m1 n v 1 n=mout v 1 n

.
V
mout = out m out =647,86 kg /h
v out
.

V 1 n=559,1 m3 /h

:
.

q =m 1 n ( h1 nh out )
.

q =1223,74 Watt

:
.

m w =m 1 n (w 1n w out )=777,43 g w /h

:
.

.
m (h h )
m1 n (h A 3 h A 4)=m (h 1h 4) m = 1 n A 3 A 4 m =57,26 Kg /h
(h 1h 4 )
.

:
.

V 3=m v 3
.

V 3=0,049 m 3 /h=0,83< min

:
q = h1 - h4 = 198 KJ/Kg

:
.

Q =q m Q =3149,3Watt

 COP :
COP =

(h 1h 4)
=7,92
(h 2h 1)

COP
,
.

ADP:
tDP=12,2oC
hDP=34,5KJ/Kgd.a.

F=

( h A 4 h DP)
=0,262
(h1 nhDP )

1
1()
5(). , 1
h 1'= 51 KJ/Kg.

:
.

q s=m 1 n (h1 'hout )=899,76 Watt

.

q L=m1 n (h 1n h1 ' )=323,92Watt