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02 SEP671 REL670 Exercise 1 Distance Protection Characteristics
02 SEP671 REL670 Exercise 1 Distance Protection Characteristics
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ABB AB
Substation Automation Products
SE-721 59 Vsters
Sweden
Telephone: +46 (0) 21 34 20 00
Facsimile: +46 (0) 21 14 69 18
www.abb.com/substationautomation
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B
Z1L = R1L + j X1L
Z0L = R0L + j X0L
3I
3U
Entity
Line length
Nominal Voltage Level
Line Positive Sequence Impedance, Z1L = R1L + j X1L
Line Zero Sequence Impedance Z0L = R0L + j X0L
CT A ratio
VT A ratio
Maximum Power Transfer over the line
Value
100 km
400 kV
(0,032 + j 0,36) km
(3,2 + j 36)
(0,13 + j 1,45) km (13 + j 145)
1200 A / 1 A
Start point earthed towards the line
400 kV / 100 V
S = 700 MVA
P = 628 MW
Q = 308 Mvar
Cosphi = 0.89
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Calculating the settings for five zones distance protection, polygonal characteristic
The settings for the distance protection will be calculated in order to meet the requirements indicated in Table 2.
Table 2: Setting requirements for distance protection zones
Zone
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Requirement
85% of the protected line
Forward direction
Instantaneous operate time
Fault resistance to be covered at 80% of the line, radial feeder:
Phase-Earth faults: 25 primary ohms
Phase-Phase faults: 15 primary ohms
At least 120% of the protected line
Forward direction
Operate time 400 ms
Fault resistance settings: 50% more than settings for zone1
Remote back-up zone
400% of the protected line
Forward direction
Operate time 1 s
Zone 4
Zone 5
Load Encroachment
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Distance protection zones will not trip for exporting load equal or
smaller 700 MVA and for any cosphi between 1,00 than 0,89
(3,2 + j 36)
(13 + j 145)
RFPP
15
and RFPE
25
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1,5 15
22,5
23
1,5 25 37,5
38
and
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X1
400% ( X 1L)
4 36 144
It is meaningless to set the resistive value of zone3 to 400% of the protected line resistance, as this is a back-up
zone, protecting several objects after the line. It is chosen to have a characteristic angle of almost 90 degrees
hence the resistive value will be set to the small value of 1 ohm:
R1 1,00
X0
400% ( X 0 L)
4 145 580
As well as for the resistive value of the zero sequence impedance, it is chosen to set it to a small value in order
to get a characteristic angle of 90 degrees:
R0 1,00
RFPP
300
and RFPE
300
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RFPP
40
and RFPE
60
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1,3 23
29,9
30
1,3 38 49,4
49
and
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Figure 15: Impedance settings for phase selection to cover zone 2 and zone 5
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Figure 16: Partial Impedance settings for phase selection to cover zone 2 and zone 5
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Z load min
80%
2
U LL
min
S MAX
0,9 400 kV
700 MVA
0,8
148,11
Angleload max
tan
Q
P
tan
308 Mvar
628 MW
26,12
132,99
130
Figure 17: Final Impedance settings for phase selection including load encroachment
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AIM2 CH7
AIM2 CH8
AIM2 CH9
AIM2 N
CURRENT OUTPUT A1
CURRENT OUPUT A2
CURRENT OUTPUT A3
CURRENT OUTPUT N
AIM2 CH1
AIM2 CH2
AIM2 CH3
AIM2 N
Connect also the trip contact from the REL670 to the binary input 1 of the test set:
IOM OUPUT 1
15. Open the Omicron test file for LE faults and run the tests for zones 1, 2,3 and 4
The test file is called
REL670 LE Zones1,2,3 and 4 Characteristic.adt
and it contains the characteristic shape of the
REL670 for phase-earth faults and for all the
zones, except for zone 5, according to the
calculated settings.
The file is available in the folder
Files for SEP-602A REL670 / OMICRON TESTS
on the desktop of your training PC.
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16. Open the Omicron test file for LL faults and run the tests for zones 1, 2,3 and 4
The test file is called
REL670 LL Zones1,2,3 and 4 Characteristic.adt
and it contains the characteristic shape of the
REL670 for phase-earth faults and for all the
zones, except for zone 5, according to the
calculated settings.
The file is available in the folder
Files for SEP-602A REL670 / OMICRON TESTS
on the desktop of your training PC.
17. Open the Omicron test file for LLL faults and run the tests for zones 1, 2,3 and 4
The test file is called
REL670 LLL Zones1,2,3 and 4 Characteristic.adt
and it contains the characteristic shape of the
REL670 for three-phase faults and for all the
zones, except for zone 5, according to the
calculated settings.
The file is available in the folder
Files for SEP-602A REL670 / OMICRON TESTS
on the desktop of your training PC.
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19. Open the Omicron test file for LE faults and run the tests for zone 5
The test file is called
REL670 LE Zone 5 Characteristic.adt
and it contains the characteristic shape of the
REL670 for phase-earth faults for zone 5,
according to the calculated settings.
The file is available in the folder
Files for SEP-602A REL670 / OMICRON
TESTS
on the desktop of your training PC.
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20. Open the Omicron test file for LL faults and run the tests for zone 5
The test file is called
REL670 LL Zone 5 Characteristic.adt
and it contains the characteristic shape of the
REL670 for phase-phase faults for zone 5,
according to the calculated settings.
The file is available in the folder
Files for SEP-602A REL670 / OMICRON TESTS
on the desktop of your training PC.
21. Open the Omicron test file for LLL faults and run the tests for zone 5
The test file is called
REL670 LLL Zone 5 Characteristic.adt
and it contains the characteristic shape of the
REL670 for 3-phase faults for zone 5, according
to the calculated settings.
The file is available in the folder
Files for SEP-602A REL670 / OMICRON TESTS
on the desktop of your training PC.
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ABB AB
Substation Automation Products
SE-721 59 Vsters, Sweden
Phone +46 (0) 21 34 20 00
Fax +46 (0) 21 14 69 18
www.abb.com/substationautomation