PERENCANAAN BETON

Dimensi Balok sudah diketahui,Hitung M.max yang mampu dipikul Balok tersebut
Hitungan :
fc =
25 Mpa
(fc : mutu beton )
fy =
320 Mpa
(fy : mutu baja,240 besi polos,320 besi ulir )
h
b
d
n
d/

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

400 mm
200 mm
370 mm
3 bh
16 mm
3.14

( diketahui )
( diketahui )

Hitung Mmax..???
As = Luas Penampang
n = Jumlah Tulangan
As
a

= 1/4 x x d x n
= 602.88 mm
=
As x fy
0,85 x fc x b
= 45.3933 mm

Mn = Momen Nominal
Mn = As x fy ( d - a/2)
=
67,002,316.27
= 6700.23 Kg.M

(d : diameter kwadrat)

Nm

M max = Mn
=
5360

Kg.m

Jadi M max yang mampu dipikul Balok tersebut adalah

5360

Kg.m

alok tersebut.???????

PERENCANAAN BETON

Balok menerima Beban :

M
=
12000 Kg.m'
= 1,2 x 10 Nmm
fc
=
25 Mpa (fc : mutu beton )
fy
=
320 Mpa (fy : mutu baja,240 besi polos,320 besi ulir )
Dimensi Tulangan :
6
8
10
12
16
19
min

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

= 1,4/fy
=
0.0044

Misal
=
h =

0.005

2 x 1,2 x 10
x fy(1-1/2m)

0.07 (misal)

=
=

b = h/2
=

580 mm

290 mm

h =
d =
As =
=

600 mm
570 mm
xbxd
855

4.25

= Rasio Tulangan
Mu = Momen Ultimate Beban
Mu = 1,2 x 10
Nmm
fc =
fy =
min

25 MPa
320 MPa

= 1,4/fy
=
0.0044

300 mm

600

fy
0,85 x fc
15.06

A = /4 x d
=
201

30

( 5 16)

120000000

Nmm

(fc : mutu beton )

(fy : mutu baja,240 besi polos,320 besi ulir )
m =

15.06

 max

=
=

Rn =
=

0,75 x 0,85 x x fc
fy
0.0276

600
600 + fy

Mu
b x d
1.54

= 1/m(1-1-(2.m.Rn/fy))
=
0.005
As =
=

xbxd
855 mm

4.25

A = /4 x d
=
201

( 5 16)

Tentukan Dimensi Balok dan Penulangannya,jika diharapkan rasio tulangan sebesar 0,0
Balok menerima Beban :
M
=
12000 Kg.m'
Momen akibat Beban Mati
Momen akibat Beban Hidup
Bentang (L)

fc
fy

=
=

Dimensi Tulangan :
6
8
10
12
16
19

25 Mpa
320 Mpa

= 1,2 x 10
=
9000
=
11300
=
4

=
Kg.m
Kg.m
m

mm
mm
mm

Mencari momen :
q = ( 1,2 x beban mati ) + ( 1,6 x beban hidup )
=
28880
Kg.m

Misal

( tinggi balok biasanya 1/12 dari bentan

(fc : mutu beton )

(fy : mutu baja,240 besi polos,320 besi ulir )

mm
mm
mm

M = 1/8 x q x L
=
57760
Kg.m
= 577600000 Nmm

120000000 Nmm
( jika dimensi sudah diketahui maka ber
mati),Rumus berat sendiri = luas penam

 =
h =

0.007
2 x 1,2 x 10
x fy(1-1/2m)

=
=

=
b = h/2
=
h =
d =
As =
=
N

880 mm

440 mm
900 mm
870 mm
xbxd
2739 mm
13.63

450 mm

A = /4 x d
=
201

( 14 16)

fy
0,85 x fc
15.06

300

30

570

600

o tulangan sebesar 0,007 ???

sudah diketahui maka berat sendiri dihitung dan ditambahkan ke beban

erat sendiri = luas penampang x 2400 (berat beton per m)

biasanya 1/12 dari bentang )

0.333333 m
h = 33.33 cm

b=
20
cm
h
=
b
=
Misal berat sendiri balok :

192 Kg.m

40 cm
0.4 m
0.2 m

Mencari momen :
q

=
=

( 1,2 x (beban mati+berat sendiri balok )

29110
Kg.m

=
=

1/8 x q x L
58221

Misal

582208000

Kg.m
Nmm

=
b

0.007
2 x 1,2 x 10
x fy(1-1/2m)
882

mm

=
=

h/2
441 mm

h
d
As

=
=
=
=

900 mm
870 mm
xbxd
2740 mm

13.64

450

( 14 16)

ati+berat sendiri balok ) + ( 1,6 x beban hidup )

fy
0,85 x fc
=
15.06

mm

=
=

/4 x d
201

Perhitungan Plat

Plat dihitung per 1 m

= 1/m(1-1-(2.m.Rn/fy))

Rn =

As

xbxd

fy
0,85 x fc

Mu
b x d

Hasil tulangan yang dipilih 10 - 150

As

= /4 x d x 1000/150
= /4 x 10 x 1000/150

1000 adalah Plat dihitung per 1 m

Perhitungan Penulangan pada Plat

Lx =
Ly =

3
3.5

Ly/Lx =

1.17 Dibulatkan
1.2 ( Cari di Tabel Momen )

Ly/Lx >
<

2
2

=
=

2 Arah
1 Arah

Mu = 0,001 x q x Lx x Cx

Tulangan Geser
Gaya geser di tahan oleh :
- Beton
- Sengkang
Vn =

Vu
geser

Beton
Vc = fc.b.d
Sengkang

=
=

0.75
0.8

Faktor Reduksi Kekuat

Faktor Reduksi Kekuat

Vs =

Vu
geser

- Vc

Vs = Av.fy.d/s

Diameter ditentukan :
Av = /4 x d x 2
s =

Av = Luas Tulangan Geser (/4 x d x 2 ).....2

s = Jarak Sengkang

10/8

Av.fy.d
Vs

Contoh Perhitungan Tulangan Geser

Sengkang

10 mm

d = h-selimut-sengkang-1/2
=
555
Diketahui :
Beban Hidup ( qL )
Beban Mati ( qD )
Panjang ( L )
Lebar ( b )
Tinggi ( h )
Tinggi - Selimut ( d )
Mutu Beton ( fc )
Mutu Baja ( fy )

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Hitungan :
q total = ( 1,2 x beban mati ) + ( 1,6 x beban hidup )
=
4,800 Kg/m
M = x q total x L
=
60,000 Kg/m
Vu = x q total x L
=
24,000 Kg/m
=
240,000 N
Gaya Geser Beton Max.
Vc = fc.b.d
=
Vs =
=

185,000 N

Vu
- Vc
geser
135,000 N

1,500 Kg/m
2,000 Kg/m
10 M
400 mm
600 mm
555 mm
25 Mpa
240 Mpa ( Besi Polos )

 10

s =

Av

Av.fy.d
Vs
154.9066666667

=
=

/4 x d x 2
157

mm

mm

Diperoleh sengkang

10

150

mm

Tulangan Lentur
Mutu Beton ( fc )
Mutu Baja ( fy )
Mu =
=
=
m =

=
=
60,000 Kg.m'
6
x 10
600,000,000 Nmm
fy
0,85 x fc
15.06

=
min = 1,4/fy
=
max =
=

25 Mpa
320 Mpa

( Besi Polos )

Nmm

Rn =
=

Mu
b x d
6.09

0.0044
0,75 x 0,85 x x fc
fy
0.0325

600
600 + fy

= 1/m(1-1-(2.m.Rn/fy))
=
0.02301
As =
=

xbxd
5107.85 mm

7.74

=
=

/4 x d
660

( 8 29)

Plat Lantai
Di ket :
Tebal Plat
Beban Hidup
Mutu Beto ( fc )
Mutu Baja ( fy )

=
=
=
=

12 cm
250 Kg/m
25 Mpa
240 Mpa

Ly
Lx

=
=

4.75 M
3M

Beban Mati :
BS. Plat
Spasi
Keramik
Plafond + Penggantung

Ly
Lx

0.12 x
0.02 x
0.01 x

2400
2200
2400

=
=
=
=
=

288
44
24
18
374

= ( 1,2 x beban mati ) + ( 1,6 x beban hidup )

=
849
Kg/m

1.58

1.60

Mu = -0,001 x q x Lx x Ctx
=
603.50
Kg.m
=
6.03
x 10
=
6,034,968 Nmm
b =
h =
d =
Rn =
=
m =
=
min = 1,4/fy
=

1000 mm
120 mm
90 mm
Mu
b x d
0.93
fy
0,85 x fc
11.29

0.0058

=
=

79 ( Dari Tabel Momen )

57

Nmm

( Hitungan Plat Per 1 m )

perlu = 1/m(1-1-(2.m.Rn/fy))
=
0.00397

Di pakai min

Ctx
Cty

0.0058

As =
=

xbxd
525 mm

( 10 - 125)

Balok Jembatan
Di ket :
Beban Terpusat ( P1 )
Beban Terpusat ( P2 )
Beban Merata ( q )
Lebar ( L )
VA/RA
(q.L/2)+ P
VB/RB
b
h
d
fc
fy ( untuk tul. Lentur )
fy ( untuk tul. geser )
M = 1/8 x q x L + ( P x 5 )
=
117,500 Kg.m
=
1.175 x 10
=
1,175,000,000 Nmm
m =
=
min = 1,4/fy
=
max =
=

fy
0,85 x fc
15.06

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

10 ton
10 ton
2400 Kg/m
15 m
28,000 Kg
28,000 Kg
400 mm
900 mm
855 mm
25 Mpa
320 Mpa
240 Mpa

=
=

=
=

5 adalah jarak

Nmm

Rn =
=

Mu
b x d
5.02

0.0044
0,75 x 0,85 x x fc
fy
0.0276

600
600 + fy

= 1/m(1-1-(2.m.Rn/fy))
=
0.0182
As =
=

xbxd
6219.99 mm

7.74

( 8 32 )

=
=

/4 x d
804

Tulangan Geser
Gaya Geser Beton Max.
Vc = fc.b.d
=
Vs =
=
12

s =
=
s max

285,000 N

Vu
- Vc
geser
88,333 N

Av

=
=

/4 x d x 2
226.08

mm

Av.fy.d
Vs
525 mm

= d/2
=
427.5 mm
Diperoleh sengkang
atau

12

12

430

mm

500 mm

=
=

xbxd

hitung per 1 m

Faktor Reduksi Kekuatan Geser

Faktor Reduksi Kekuatan Lentur

Geser (/4 x d x 2 ).....2 adlh jumlah sengkang kanan kiri

( Besi Polos )

( Besi Polos )

/4 x d

120 mm

19
29
32

Kg/m
Kg/m
Kg/m
Kg/m
Kg/m

i Tabel Momen )

10000 Kg
10000 Kg

280,000 N
280,000 N

Sengkang
d =
=

10 mm
h-selimut-sengkang-1/2
855

/4 x d

Karena Simetris

19
29
32

0.75
0.8

Faktor Reduksi Kekuatan Geser

Faktor Reduksi Kekuatan Lentur