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W1 - Introduction To Simulation
W1 - Introduction To Simulation
W1 - Introduction To Simulation
01
Syllabus
TI141317 Simulasi Sistem Industri
References:
Kelton, David W, Randall P Sadoswski, and David T Sturrock,
Simulation with Arena, Mc Graw Hill.
Harrel, Ghosh,
McGraw Hill.
Bowden
(2004),
Simulation
using
Promodel,
Course Description
Simulation is defined as a technique to imitate process/operation
by using computer from a complex system which is difficult to
model (cannot be modelled) as mathematical formulation.
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Learning Outcome
Upon completion of the subject, students will be
able to develop valid simulation models and
conduct experiments by using these models.
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Grading System
Grading consists of:
Final Project & Assignment (15%)
Quiz 1 (15%)
Quiz 2 (15%)
Midterm Exam (25%)
Final Exam (30%)
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Final Project
Deadline is strictly followed. If it is overdue,
you do not get grade.
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Course Schedule
Week
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Topic
Introduction to Simulation
System Dynamics
Model Building
Midterm Exam
Midterm Exam
Course Schedule
Week
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Topic
10
Output Analysis
11
12
13
14
15
Final Exam
16
Final Exam
Week
01
Introduction
to Simulation
TI141317 Simulasi Sistem Industri
What is Simulation?
The Oxford American Dictionary (1980) defines
Simulation as a way to reproduce the conditions of
a situation, as by means a model, for study or
testing or training, etc.
We are interested in reproducing the operational
behavior of dynamic systems
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What is Simulation?
Simulation is the imitation of a dynamic system using
a computer model in order to evaluate and improve
system performance (Schriber, 1987)
In practice, simulation is usually performed using
commercial simulation software e.g. Arena, Awesim,
ProModel, AutoMod,, etc.
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Simulation Examples?
TOOL Computer
Its usually performed using commercial simulation software
such as: Arena, Awesim, Promodel, etc
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No longer adequate
And Not always work
Simulation
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Interconnectedness
Components of the system do not work in isolation, but affect
one another
Complexity
Complexity = variability + interconnectedness
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Characteristics of Simulation
Provides information on multiple performance
measures
Is visually appealing and engages peoples interest
Provides results that are easy to understand and
communicate
Runs in compressed, real, or even delayed time
Forces attention to detail in a design
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Doing Simulation
Simulation is essentially an experimentation tool in
which a computer model of a new or existing system
is created for the purpose of conducting experiment
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Doing Simulation
Simulation provides a virtual method for doing system
experimentation
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Start
Formulate a hypothesis
Develop a
Simulation model
Hypothesis
correct?
Yes
End
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No
Use of Simulation
Initial models were programmed in FORTRAN
often consisted of thousands of lines of code
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Use of Simulation
Popularity of computer simulation can be attributed to
the following:
Increased awareness and understanding of simulation
technology
Increased availability, capability, and ease of use of
simulation software
Increased computer memory and processing speeds,
especially of PCs
Declining computer hardware and software costs
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Use of Simulation
Simulation is no longer considered a method of
last resort, nor is it a technique reserved only
for simulation experts (easy-to-use simulation
software).
The use of simulation in designing and improving
business processes of every kind will likely to
grow
An increasing use of simulation is in the area of
communication and visualization
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Use of Simulation
Typical Applications:
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Capacity planning
Cycle time reduction
Staff and resource planning
Bottleneck analysis
Quality improvement
Cost reduction
Productivity improvement
Layout analysis
Investment analysis
Etc.
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Project management
Communication
System engineering
Statistical analysis and design of experiments
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Design
Installation
Cost
System stage
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Operation
System costs
Cost without
simulation
Cost with
simulation
Design
phase
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Implementation
phase
Operation
phase
Advantages of Simulation
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Disadvantages of Simulation
Dont get exact answers, only approximations,
estimates
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Services
Health care
Business processes
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The future
Exploiting interoperability of operating systems
Specialized templates for industries, firms
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Support packages
Subroutines for list processing, bookkeeping, time
advance
Widely distributed, widely modified
Spreadsheets
Usually static models
Financial scenarios, distribution sampling, SQC
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High-level simulators
Very easy, graphical interface
Domain-restricted (manufacturing, communications)
Limited flexibility model validity?
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