1 2 Apply Order of Operations e You evaluated algebraic expressions and used exponents. You wil use the order of operations to evaluate expressions So you can determine online music costs, asin Ex. 35. Key Vocabulary ‘Mathematicians have established an order of operations (o order of operations evaluate an expression invalving more than ane operation. Pee aed & F order of operations ceenasse: nome ¢ srep7 Evaluate expressions inside grouping symbols STUNT E sepe tvanate pore STEP 8 Multiply an dive from lett right STEP @ Add and subtract from left to right. CEATEED evatuate expressions Evaluate the expression 27 + 3? x 2-3. STEPT ‘Thore are no grouping symbols, so go to Step 2. STEP 2 Evaluate powers. 27+8?x2-3=27=9x2-3 evaluate power. STEP.3 MulKiply and divide from lett to right. 2749x2-3-9%2-3 Divide. 3x2-3=6-3 util STEP @ Add and subtract from left to right. 6-3-3 Subtract, >The value of the expression 27 + 3° x 2~ 383. “GuinED PRACTICE | for Example 1 Evaluate the expression. 1. 20-4 B22 +4 3. 32+2°+6 4.154674 8 —— Chapter 1 Expressions, Equations, and FunctionsGROUPING SYMBOLS Grouping symbols such as parentheses ( ) and brackets [] indicate that operations inside the grouping symbols should be performed first, For example, to evaluate 2 + 4 + 6, you multiply first, then add. To evaluate 2(4 + 6), you add first, then multiply. EEATEED tvauate expressions with grouping symbols Evaluate the expression. a. 713-8) = 715) subtract sitin parentheses. 6 Multply. b. 24 (37 +1) =24-(9 +1) Evaluate power. 4-10 ‘Add within parentheses. 4 saubuac. meBe €. 2/20 ~ (8+ 13))=2[80 21] Add within parentheses. 4 symbole appeat =219) Subuact within brackets {nse the grouping | symbols work fom. 8 saute. $e bmnos syouping 2 symbols oan. FRACTION BARS A fraction bar can act as a grouping symbol. Evaluate the ‘oumerator and denominator before you divide: Bed 844) +(5-2)=12+3=4 3-2 GATED evaluate an algebraic expression _ Evahatetheexpreson hen = 4 ‘Substitute for x ‘Ada within parentheses. for Examples 2 and 3 Evaluate the expression. 5.40349) 6 318-2") 7.2943) +41 Evaluate the expression when y= 8. ays & ey 1 to, y+ yet 1.2 Apply Order of Operations. 9Standardized Test Practice A gtoupof 12 students volunteers to collect littet for one day. A sponsor provides 3 juice drinks and, 2 sandviches for each student and pays $30 for trash bags. The sponsor's cost (in dollars) is given by the expression 12(3j + 2s) + 30 where jis the cost of a juice drink and sis the cost ofa sandwich. A juice drink costs $1.25, Asandwich costs $2, What is the sponsor's cost? OQ O13 Os © s10 Fchaces Aanapby $ estimating When jis about tandsis2,the | Solution value ofthe expression | 1209-4 28) + 30= 123+ L25-+2+2) +30 Substmute125 foryand2 tors. is about 120 + 4) + 30, rs, = 12(378+4) +30 Multiply within parentheses, = 12(7.75) + 30 ‘dd within parentheses. =93+30 Multiply = 123 add, >The sponsor's cost Is $123. The cortect answeris B. ®) @ © (A) cuweoPancrice | orexample« 11, WHATIF? In Example 4, suppose the nurnber of volunteers doubles, Does the sponsor's cost double as well? Explain. 1.2 EXERCISES Oe eee L$ = STANDARDIZED TesT PRACTICE ‘Be. 2, 1, 31,37 30, and 40 rma aie 1. VOCABULARY According to theorder of operations, which operaifon would you perform first in simplifying 50 ~5 % 4? 2% 2% WRITING Describothe steps you would use to evaluate the expression 2(3x + 1)? when x = 3, EXAMPLES | EVALUATING EXPRESSIONS Evaluate the expression. and 2 a -2 s:06— 47 PEER) 8 83 48-2 B64 6 Sate 7484+ @ 1458450 a2 3 -248 wees M024 72)=4 122444341 18. 12(6 35)? 1.5 4 24-4?) whores) @eri)-2* Yus-e+39" 1 p0-0-98 10 Chapter 1 pressions, Equations anéFundions