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Do Trang Suc Va Su Trang Diem Cua Phu Nu Muslimat PDF
Do Trang Suc Va Su Trang Diem Cua Phu Nu Muslimat PDF
" TRANG SC
V S TRANG IM"
CA PH N MUSLIMAT
:
...
ngha: {Trong , h s c trang im bng vng vng....} Al-Kahf 18 : 38
ngha: {V h, mt ngi (ph n) c nui nng bng vng vng v khng n ni rnh r
khi tranh lun (li l k ph t ca Allah) hay sao?} Az-Zukhruf 43 : 18
ng Mujahid ni qua Ayat trn: Cc loi trang sc ch dnh ring cho ph n, v
ng ni tip: Cc v hc gi Islam thng nht quan im l qu tht Islam cho php ph n
c php eo tt c cc loi trang sc t vng, bc, qu... c sng ch thnh phm trang
sc nh ci ci tc, vng nim, vng eo tay, vng eo chn, dy chuyn,... hoc tt c cc
loi khc m ph n c thi quen eo n v khng c s khc bit gia cc loi
Gio lut v vic eo trang sc c khc tn Allah hoc cc cu tng nim:
Thin s Muhammad c eo chic nhn c khc cu: (
) Ngha l:
(Muhamad - Thin s ca Allah), v Hadith t ng Anas bin Malik thut li rng: Qu tht,
Thin s ly chic nhn bng bc v khc vo cu:
, v Ngi ni
vi tt c mi ngi rng:
(
ngha: "Qu tht Ta (Thin s) ly mt chic nhn bng bc v Ta khc trn cu:
Muhamad Thin s ca Allah, do khng ai c php khc ging nhng ch ghi trn
(chic nhn) ny." Hadith do Al-Bukhari ghi li.
Chanlyislam
Ngha l, Thin s Muhammad khng cho ai khc ging chic nhn ca Ngi l bi
v chic nhn c nhng ch c Ngi dng lm con du (n) ca Ngi ch khng
phi Ngi khng cho khc cc cu tng nim khc.
T cu ni ca Thin s: - Ta khc trn (chic nhn bc): Muhamad Thin s
ca Allah. Cu ni ny chng minh rng ngi Muslim chng ta c php khc tn ca
chng ta hoc khc tn ca Allah trn chic nhn trang sc v phn ng cc v hc gi Islam
ng thun cho php theo kin ny, v cng c mt s hc gi khc cho rng hnh ng ny l
Makruh (tt nht l khng nn) khc tn Allah trn trang sc eo, nhng l quan im
khng c c s xc thc ca mt s t Ulama.
Cc v hc gi Islam c ni: Ai l ch nhn ca chic nhn cng u c php khc
tn ca mnh hoc cc cu c ngha hoc cc li tng nim ln chic nhn ca mnh c.
Nhng bt buc ai eo trang sc c khc cu tuyn th: hoc cc cu no mang
ngha i danh ca Allah hoc cc li tng nim n Allah th nn ch khng c eo ()
n nhng ni khng ph hp, khng xng ng... chng hn nh nhng ch m chng ta
nm ln trn n, hoc eo n vo nhng ni m khng nn a cc li tng nim vo, chng
hn nh vo nh v sinh hay cc ni tng t th, v nu c tho ra th cn phi t n ni
sch s hay thch hp.
Gio lut v vic eo nhn c nhng hnh nh hoc hnh dng ca cc sinh vt sng
hoc cc loi ng vt tng t th:
Phn ng cc v hc gi Islam u cho rng: Nghim cm cc loi hnh ca sinh vt
sng hoc hnh ca cc loi c linh hn trn trang sc hay trn o hay trn cc th khc, bi v
c li cnh bo rt nng t Thin s c Imam Muslim thut li t Hadith ca b
Ayshah nh sau:
"Qu tht b Ayshah c mua mt ci gi nh trn c in hnh (sinh vt sng), khi Thin s
nhn thy n th Ngi ng trc ca v khng i vo trong nh, khi b Ayshah thy nt
mt ca Thin s c biu hin khng hi lng (gin) th b ni: - Tha Thin s ca Allah! thip
xin sm hi vi Allah v xin hi li vi Ngi, thip lm sai vic g th ?
Thin s ni: Vic g vi ci gi ny,
B A'yshah tr li: - Tha, thip mua n cho Ngi ngi ln hay da vo n.
Thin s ni:
: ( : )
ngha: "Qu tht nhng ngi lm ra cc hnh ny s b trng pht (vo Ngy sau), v s c
li phn vi h: Hy lm sng li nhng g m cc ngi to n."
Sau Ngi ni tip: "Qu tht ngi nh no m c hnh (sinh vt sng) trong th cc
Thin thn s khng vo ngi nh ."
Chanlyislam
( )
ngha: "Cc ngi hy i (tnh trng ny ca) y bng mt th g , nhng hy trnh xa
mu en."
Chanlyislam
(
)
ngha: "Nguyn ra k ni tc (cho ngi khc) v k i ni tc." Hadith Muslim ghi li.
i tc gi:
Hadith trn chng minh rng khng cho php chng ta i tc gi bng bt c hnh
thc no hay kiu no, mc d trn thc t n khng phi l vn ni tc, nhng phng
din i tc gi th hin y l mt mi tc gi (khng phi ca chnh mnh), n c th di
hn mi tc thc s ca mnh nn n ng ngha vi vic ni tc.
Thm vo trong vic i tc gi n c s bt chc, bi v n xut hin Chu u
trc tin, sau ngi Muslim thch th bt chc lm theo phong cch ca nhng ngi
phng ty m khng bit vic l tt hay xu.
Trn thc t th nhng b tc gi c nhng nh sn xut mua li tc ca nhng ph
n khc hay khng chng n chnh l tc ca mnh trc kia ct b, cn nguyn nhn Rosul
cm l do chng ta t thay i hnh th m Allah to ra cng nh chng ta ang bt chc
nhng ngi ngoi o, ch khng lin quan n vic phn bit cc loi tc gi no.
Mt s hc gi Islam cho rng: Nu nh nhng ngi ph n khng c tc (hay gi
cch khc l nhng ngi trc u) th c php i tc gi che giu khuyt im ca
bn thn, bi v che giu hay loi b nhng khuyt im ca bn thn l c php. Cn vic ai
i tc gi ch yu chng din cho p th b nghim cm.
Bi tc hay to kiu tc cao hn u (c hnh dng nh bu ca con lc ):
Ngha l cc ch em dng kp ci hay khn, n hoc dng cc loi khc bi tc cho
cao khi u hay to kiu tc ca mnh cao ln trong ging nh ci bu ca con lc ... Vn
ny mi c trong thi i hin nay ch khng c thi i ca Thin s , nhng Ngi
cho bit trc s c nhng ngi ph n bi tc kiu ny ((iu ny l mt trong nhng
Mujizah (s k diu) ca Thin s)), c mt hadith ni v hai nhm ngi m Thin s cha
tng thy bao gi:
Hadith do ng Abu Harayrah thut li li ca Thin s Muhammad nh sau:
ngha: "C hai loi (ngi) thuc ngi dn ca ha ngc m Ta cha tng thy h (trong
thi i trc), nhm ngi c roi nh ui ca con b h dng n nh (hnh h) ngi v
nhng ngi ph n (n mc) l th, h hang, i ng lm dng (nhm thu ht nh mt nhn),
bi tc cao nh ci bu ca con lc , h s khng c vo thin ng v cng khng c
ngi mi thm ca n."
Hadith trn chng minh rng nhng ngi ph n c nu trong hadith trn s nhn
s trng pht rt nng l s khng c vo Thin ng (n khi no Allah mun) v cng
khng c ngi mi thm ca n, m mt trong nhng ngi ph n c nhng ngi ph
Chanlyislam
hay ngi i xm, v nhng ngi ph n tm lng my (cho ngi khc) hay ngi i tm lng
my, v nhng ngi ph n mi da rng v lm p, nhng ngi ph n bin i nhng
to vt ca Allah." Hadith do Muslim ghi li.
Cc hc gi Islam ni v vn ny nh sau: Ngi ph n Muslimat khng c
php tm lng my hay ct ta n hoc nh n, bi v Thin s nghim cm n trong
Hadith trn,...
Vic tm lng my tha c hai dng:
Nh lng my tha th trong trng hp ny khng c php bi v Hadith trn cm.
Cn theo phng cch ct ta th trong trng hp ny cc v hc gi a ra hai quan
im: Mt trong s h th cho rng vic ct ta lng my tha khng phi thuc din tm
lng my ca Hadith trn nhc n, mt s hc gi khc th cho rng n cng thuc loi
tm lng my khng hn khng km. Cho nn, nu khng cn thit th ch em cng khng
nn ct ta chng, tr khi lng my ca ch em no qu dy hay qu rm rp gy cn tr
tm nhn ca mt th ch em c php ta nhng phn no gy tr ngi cho tm nhn
ca mt m thi.
Gio lut s dng m phm (son, phn) lm p:
Gio lut Islam cho php cc ch em ph n c php s dng tt c cc loi m phm
lm p hin nay chn hn nh son, phn hoc cc loi tng t th, bi v nhng bng chng
v nhng nguyn tc chung ca gio l chng minh rng cc ch em ph n c quyn s
dng bt k cc loi sn phm lm p no m n khng thuc cc loi b nghim cm s dng.
Nhng bt buc chng ta phi tun th nhng iu kin sau y:
1/ Khng c php s dng vi mc ch l bt chc nhng ngi ph n ngoi o,
bi v trong gio l Islam nghim cm cc ch em Muslimah bt chc nhng cch thc
lm p (theo kiu khu gi n ng) ca h.
2/ Tuyt i nhng cht son phn s khng gy hi n c th khi s dng, bi v thn
th ca chng ta khng phi thuc quyn ca chng ta, cho nn khng c php gy tn
hi n n.
3/ Khng c php s dng qu mc hay ph trng qu mc, bi v nu s dng nhiu
qu s gy tn thng n da v ng thi n cng vo trong iu lut ti phung ph hay
lng ph.
4/ Khng c trng din (son phn) trc ngi n ng (thuc din c th ci c).
Sau y l kin ca cc hc gi Islam hin nay lin quan n vn ny:Cc loi son,
phn nu nh khng lm tn hi hoc khng phi l nguyn nhn gy tn hi n da mt th
khng vn g khi s dng n lm p, cn nu nh n l nguyn nhn gy tn hi th
khng c php s dng.
Chanlyislam
( - - )
ngha: "Thin s nguyn ra ph n lt da mt (cho ngi khc) hay c lt da mt,
v ph n xm (mnh, mi cho ngi khc) hay c xm, v ph n ni (tc cho ngi khc)
hay c ni (tc)." Hadith trong cun Musnad ca ng Ahmed, nhng con ng dn Hadith
n l yu (Doif).
- Th ba: N lm tn hi hay gy d ng cho da mt.
2/ Quan im th hai: Theo mt s hc gi khc th cho rng c php lt da mt, bi v:
- Th nht: Hadith ca quan im th nht chng minh l yu, cho nn khng c
dng chng minh.
- Th hai: Vic ph n bt phn hay m phm lt lp cng trn da mt bn ngoi
hin ln lp trong l lm thay i to vt ca Allah m trong Hadith cm l khng
hp l, bi v c hai lp da u l to vt ca Allah, v vic ny cng ging nh vic ti
to t bo.
- Th ba: Cn vic lm tn hi hay d ng cho da mt th c th khc phc c n, nu
nh chng ta tin hnh thc hin theo s ch dn hoc di s gim st ca cc y bc s.
- Th t: Theo nguyn tc chung l tt c mi th u c php, tr khi no c bng
chng chnh xc chng minh l n thuc vo iu cm, nhng vn ny khng c bng
chng c th no chng minh l cm.
Sau y l kin tm tt ca Hc gi Islam hin nay v vn trn: Nu nh cc cht
ny ch c cng dng tng t nh son, phn hoc nh cc m phm dng da thng thng th
c php s dng, cn nu nh n c cng dng lt lp kh cng trn da mt th theo s ng
Hc gi Islam khng c php, cn mt s khc th cho rng n c php. Nhng g hin r
th c php s dng cc cht t nhin hay cc m phm lm trng hay dng da mt
(nhng phi tun th bn iu kin trn), cn i vi vic c s phn bit gia n c cng dng
di hay ngn th khng r rng. Allah l ng Thng Lm tt c.
Chanlyislam
" "
ngha: "Allah nguyn ra nhng ngi ph n xm (hnh vo thn th, mi cho ngi khc)
hay ngi i xm, v nhng ngi ph n tm lng my (cho ngi khc) hay ngi i tm lng
my, v nhng ngi ph n mi da rng v lm p, nhng ngi ph n bin i
nhng to vt ca Allah."
Cu ni ca Thin s : "...v nhng ngi ph n mi da rng v lm p..." th chng ta
c th hiu rng Thin s cm mi da rng vi mc ch lm p, cn nu nh mi da rng
l iu cn thit phi lm iu tr rng theo phng php ca cc Nha s th c php.
2. Gio lut v vic chnh rng (chnh nha):
Chnh rng hay chnh nha l vic dch chuyn nhng ci rng b lch lc, chen chc
hay x lch v y cng l phng php a rng tr li v tr ng ca n v ng thi gip
cho rng c cn i li v khe mnh hn. Th gio lut Islam c cho php lm vic ny?
Mc ch chnh hng u ca vic chnh rng l iu tr cho rng, cn vn lm p th
n ch l mc ch ph theo sau vic iu tr. T y chng ta c th ni rng c php thc
hin qu trnh chnh rng hay chnh nha, bi v trong Hadith Usamah bin Sharik thut li rng:
Nhng ngi du mc hi Thin s : -Tha Thin s ca Allah, chng ta c c (php)
cha tr (bnh) hay khng? Thin s tr li: c, hi b ti ca Allah, khi bnh cc ngi
hy cha tr, bi v Allah cho bt k loi bnh no Ngi cng u li thuc cha tr, hoc
ng truyn khc Ngi c ni: (tt c) u c thuc tr, tr khi mt loi bnh duy nht.
H hi tip: Tha Thin s ca Allah, l loi bnh no vy? Ngi ni: Tui gi". Hadith
do At-Tirmizhi ghi li.
Chng ta c th rt ra bng chng t Hadith trn l:
- Th nht: Qu trnh thc hin vic chnh rng hay chnh nha n cng thuc khun kh
ca vic iu tr.
- Th hai: Vic chnh rng cng gip loi b tc hi xu tn ti trong rng khp khnh
hay chen chc ln c th v tm hn. Tn hi xu ln c th chng hn nh mt hm
rng khp khnh v chen chc thng rt kh lm sch, iu ny khng ch lm cho
chng d b su rng m cn d b vim hm, cc vn khc c th xy ra l mn men
Chanlyislam
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" "
ngha: "Allah nguyn ra nhng ngi ph n xm (hnh vo thn th, mi cho ngi khc)
hay ngi i xm, v nhng ngi ph n tm lng my (cho ngi khc) hay ngi i tm lng
my, v nhng ngi ph n mi da rng v lm p, nhng ngi ph n bin i nhng
to vt ca Allah."
Do ngi xm cho ngi khc hoc ngi i xm u mang ti nh nhau. Cn i vi
nhng ai em tr con cha n tui (dy th) i xm th ngi a i s b mang ti cn tr con
s khng c ti.
Cho nn nhng ngi xm hnh vo c th bt buc phi ty xa n bng mi cch v
vi tt c kh nng ca mnh c th lm c, cn nu nh khng th no hoc khng c kh
nng ty xa n do s b hu qu nghim trng ca vic ty xa em li nh b hy i phn c
th c hnh xm trn n hoc tng t th, th khng bt buc phi lm iu .
Cc loi xm hnh hin nay:
Trong x hi hin nay xm hnh hay cn gi l xm hnh ngh thut khng cn xa l na,
n l mt trong nhng tro lu lm p ang rt thnh hnh trong gii tr hin nay, h ngh rng
Chanlyislam
11
12
Khi s dng, lp mi nhn to s phi ln hng mi tht thi gian di. Ngoi ra, lc
tho lng mi gi, bn c th v tnh ko bay c nhng si lng mi tht. S dng thng
xuyn cc ha cht c hi vo lng mi t nhin c gy thit hi ng k ti cc nang
lng mi khin chng tr nn tha tht, gin, d gy. Nu ko di tnh trng ny s nh
hng nghim trng n s pht trin ca lng mi t nhin.
3/ D ht bi bn v vi khun
Lng mi gi l mt nguy c gy mt v sinh cho mt v chng c lm bng cht liu
tng hp v keo nn c xu hng d dnh bn v to iu kin cho vi khun pht trin.
4/ S dng thng xuyn lng mi gi c th dn ti m la
Lng mi t nhin bo v mt khi bi v m hi trong khi lng mi gi s c th gy
nhim trng cho mt v dn n m la.
5/ C th dn n rng lng mi tng vng
Trong mt s trng hp, lng mi hon ton bin mt v khng mc li. Nu c mc li
th phi mt vi thng sau.
6/ Nhim c
Keo dnh lng mi gi thng c lm t cht "Formaldehyd" rt nguy hi cho sc khe.
Nu gn mi gi thng xuyn th lng "Formaldehyd" ny c th thm nhp vo c th
v gy nn tnh trng nhim c ko di rt nguy him cho sc khe.
7/ Thay i mu mt
Trong mt s trng hp c bit, gn mi gi c th nh hng n lng sc t nu
mng mt, gy vim mng mt v dn n mu mt thay i.
T nhng chng minh trn chng ta c th kt lun rng: Gio lut Islam nghim cm
khng c php s dng lng mi gi do n ri vo khun kh ca vic ni tc v lm
gi to to vt ca Allah m Hadith cm, ng thi n cng gy tn hi n c th
trong khi Islam cm iu .
Gio lut v vic eo knh p trng mu sc:
Knh p trng l mt loi ph kin nh lm bng nha, c t vo bn trong mt,
ngi ta eo n thay th knh thng. Trong vi nm tr li y knh p trng mu sc c
yu thch v cng, c bit l cc quc gia Chu , bi v l mt cch lm p cho mt, n
khin mt to hn vi rt nhiu mu sc, ha tit. Th chng ta c c php s dng n hay
khng?
Theo kin ca cc Hc gi Islam hin nay: Nu nh eo n nhm mc ch em li li
ch cho mt chng hn nh bo v mt hoc tng cng sc khng hay sc nhn cho
mt th trong trng hp ny khng vn g d knh p trng mu sc hay knh p trng
thng. Cn nu nh eo n ch nhm mc ch lm p m khng gy tn hi n mt th tt
nht chng ta ng nn eo v lu ngy s gy nh hng n mt. Cn nu nh eo n lm tn
hi n mt th tuyt i khng c php eo v Allah c phn:
Chanlyislam
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14
i khi nhng ch vit, nhng hnh nh, nhng biu tng hay nhng khu hiu trn
qun o, giy dp, hay trang sc ca h sn xut ra l nhng li ku gi cho s thiu vn ha,
thiu o c trong Islam trong khi chng ta li khng nhn ra iu , cng tng t nh
nhng hnh ch thp m h khu n ln vi, ln qun o hay ln trang sc.
Do bt buc cc ch em ph n cn phi c lng knh s Allah trong cch n mc v
lm p ca mnh, bi v nhng g m Allah cho php chng ta nhiu hn so vi nhng g m
Ngi cm n. V cng bt buc chng ta cn phi trnh xa nhng g ang xm nhp t phng
Ty m n tri vi khun kh Gio lut ca Islam, v chng ta cn phi chn la k cng, thn
trng trong vic chn trang phc v cch lm p ca mnh.
2. V vn lng ph thi gian, tin bc lm p:
Nh chng ta bit thi gian l cuc sng, n rt qu bu i vi con ngi v n tri i
rt nhanh, nhng g mt khi tri qua th n s khng bao gi quay tr li hay b p li c.
Do bt buc mi ngi Muslim chng ta d nam hay n cng cn phi bit tht trn trng
thi gian v tin bc ca mnh, nu nh cc ch em b ra kh nhiu thi gian ca mnh vo vic
ngi trc gng trang im khun mt hay mi tc ca mnh hay nhng vic tng t th,
th chng ta s ri vo ti cng vi nhng nhm ngi lng ph thi gian v tin bc vo nhng
vic lm khng mang li nhiu li ch.
Qu tht, Islam cho php ph n c lm p dng n lm hnh thc ch khng phi
dng n lm mc tiu sng ca chng ta, hnh thc y c ngha l dng n nh l mt
cch thc th hin ci n tnh ph n hoc th hin mt ngoi hnh p , hon ho
trc mt ngi chng ca mnh lm tng thm tnh cm v chng, nhng tt c nhng iu
bt buc phi c chng mc, theo khun mu cho php ca Gio Lut Islam, khng c
lng ph tin bc hay thi gian ch dnh vo vic sa son lm p.
Chng ta hy th ngh s c c bit bao nhiu li ch khi chng ta dnh thi gian ca
vic sa son, lm p cho vic th phng Allah, chm sc gia nh hay cho cc vic lm hu
ch khc? V nu nh chng ta dng s tin lng ph vo vic lm p cho vic lm b th cho
nhng ngi ngho xung quanh chng ta ang mt ba i mt ba no th c bao nhiu li
ch? Lng ph thi gian, tin bc cho vic lm p l mt vic lm m Islam khng hi lng,
khng khuyn khch n, cng nh th khng hi lng khi chng ta lng ph thi gian cho vic
tm kim nhng phng tin, hnh thc lm p hay cho vic theo ui nhng thi trang mi,
nhng model mi hay cho vic thng xuyn i siu th khi khng cn thit. Chng ta cn phi
bit hi lng v trn trng nhng thi gian v tin bc m Allah ban n cho chng ta ch nn
lng ph n.
Hi cc ch em Muslimat, hy knh s Allah trong cch n din v sa son ca mnh,
bi v vai tr ca cc bn l mt tm gng cho con ci ca cc bn cng nh cho ngi khc
Chanlyislam
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noi theo, tng t cc bn ging nh con chim u n ang dn by chim pha sau bay theo,
mt khi i sai ng th tt c n chim pha sau cng sai theo, do hy thn trng tr
thnh mt tm gng tt cho con chu sau ny.
Hi nhng ngi chng, nhng ngi cha hay nhng ngi gim h m di quyn
gim h ca mnh c nhng ngi v, nhng ngi con gi, hy knh s Allah m thc hin tt
vic gim h ca mnh. Ch nn h (v) tr thnh mn chi ca nhng nh thit k thi
trang, m ng hn bt buc chng ta cn phi quan tm h nhiu hn bng cch khuyn dy
h, v gim st h theo cch tt p nht.
Hi nhng ngi thng gia ang bun bn Muslim hay nhng ngi ang sn xut
thi trang cho ngi Muslim, hy nn nh rng Allah ang gim st chng ta, do chng ta
ch thng mi, bun bn nhng loi trang phc hay nhng sn phm i tri vi Gio Lut
Islam, bi v chng ta s chu trch nhim v nhng g chng ta bn n ra.
Cng t y kt thc sch ca chng ta, nu c nhng li tri hay kh nghe hay sai
xt mong cc bn Maaf cho mnh. V cu xin Allah ban cho n c li ch cho nhng ngi
c n.
:
Abu Fadil (Sinh vin University Of Islamic Madinah)
Trch t trang web: http://www.alukah.net/publications_competitions/0/41512/
Chanlyislam
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