M52 2 wun dan Asayeld 2.1 Mette (Introduction) euud eatvall euau ae vated ASA GMA, emetic Fads aarusd gerd dal Beds Maula du B. aq ade adit at Ad a dma yelydl obs ated wee aeaudyds 224 8B. eat, ons Weel ger fl WB, au gerd wath WHA MLZ BUNA MAG EAL OE 4a Feel TUAW B 7 aol wells wa ustl Bead wna at B ? gn Bed ossuell 9B B 7 suar As nad rai saa HD AVA vice, BAA, 4 BAR Fl cds wltedy Drandyds ani seg VQ. au ols weld we acs Fave sea AB AMA aigae Dad sl Ra wed O. di, wd Ad el AA vai vd A UIA vga RY avd sf Da asl adi vd 7? ou wed suet Geral yeryer wae aBol a2 add Rad saga ase Ad. 2.2 OAS ard Asu 3A Ad ASA ? (How a Unit of 2 Physical Quality should be ?) AS afta wulka aA a obs UA As Unit) £8 O. (1) seg MO FB A Bee dig ASA, (2) Asm Anh HE Bete at aH AA Ded WHA day aa causa sedi az (A d4 dl) sued Ad ada, (3) Asie wlAgA Replica) Wa aS we wl vex AA wna aS ad ad Add Adar. 2.3 obfas wlt-u ded wi Asuuslel (Units of Physical Quantities and Systems of Units) easel ta vad wis obs ued V4, eye worl ed dvd obs wPrdeu Ded adh seauel, uae ol x obs ahead Ash awl sl ase @. wu ole uliada, ‘yoioje CAs UD, Fundamental Physical Quantities) aA Ae BUDA yoiojt Ds 43 3, are Gua Ande oudell oblas uRedA willie Rs wll Derived Physical Quantities) 4°2 it, AAA ula Deel Derived Units) 98 8. ail Yat os Beate a WA dell BR agprotell aga aul deol al el AornralRed, wid oar aud 8. $4 3, (1) Ba wala (FPS) (g2, WG, Uses uala) (2) CGS Yala (AGEAlz2, UH, Ases Vola) (3) MKS Nal (flee, Beda, Xens wala) (@) MKSA volt Collar, Badu, ers, ABVR ve ) (S) SLA (ate YAOI BHD) ohfasRa 24 SI Asal (Systeme International) een, Ra wuaell dieu “Intemational Bureau of Weights and Measures’ 22a sa St, 1971 vi lead, 140 Ass ‘General Conference on Weights and Measures’¥i icant Sisnuel adlseani aud, FA SI AE ob Mama 2a B, ST Asma ata UMWTA aoe UA Ad adlsrai aaa B. SI Asad ynod aed, du yd sd, alae eat awwuad oA yw B dua 21: Stas oud qruasiani usd 1/299,792,458 AssHi sre. raz 1 Mae 62 8. (1983el a4) International Bureau of Weights and MeasuresNi uid WAR-SRBa Patiguidl da amuse ead 1 kg. 52 8. (1889 HI) RAGr-133 wud wun A ways Aria ead aA Sdeginill asilar aqaela Gala ABeeri 9,192,631,770 ela wd AHA Ay Ass 48 3. (196740 aim) ganas AP eit Goud vauae Quy araaiea ausDeaua A abu yRarariee AA qeuasiadd Aol 1m aid wil As ariel whit Reavis aur sedi dell 1m doudéls deel aed Wee 2x OTN Hun aU, dl es auaAil aden RADuaLse yer As ABER 42 B. (1948 Ly eoiladams eet Bhan well Zima Wideent Uudictetl 1/273.164i UA wllndABis Ne HR As BRadt sdarai wud B. (1967e Ht) wR dlaat sua Real 540 x 10 Hz aught Yad Gala As ol BB ai A % Ravi 1/683 wir Feel ABreicladt Husa Geotrll eH dlaur Far 42 B. (1979 +14) soa all aia 0.012 kg 4% Hridat std (CPpal Geen urHI, B, dean & 42550 HRldaL codrL IA he 58 B, (19710 mea ale (1 Q) Gust Baerai aul cursus aur nats yzdl B. AAA wa HU sell aid SIR SA, a Ke seq ATA eta, weUBA aha 3 aged De 2 aude ae } 6Asgied ade,sat eat Rervel Fry 24.1 wld 2s% (Derived Units) sell AsM= (add Bs) x Gatdiaded Ds) Ale Ymejet SL ASAD vA yel-yAl fs kgm ao ated a Gumdar AAdA yoga Ade = gz Xm) = kgm? se gol caldl ast 8. GA alka ed 48 8. 2.4.2 42s 24s (Supplementary Units) Revell ys ols aed, ded or Mins? iat Be 2.2 vi valde B. ea, MAD ST Yaltl As sige Geored daa 2.2: yes ded 1. | aetaadia @) ater [ond | age wea an 2A Brun gare (Plane angle) uN auiaa (0) 8, @ =e = AB epi ay 21 @. Brea Fe douTu adn ad es, a wien widadar 1 Rat 42 8. (P = oq rad) 2. | aria (Q) RRA sr simu ys Matt agin (AA) 2 ollmuetL (Solid angle) Fra wil winta A aie (Q) 62 2B, (yall aug 2.1 (b). owen AGE, auealaa) AA * Geeuy? ~ 77 wa AA = Im’, Q=1 Alun A a as <<) 5 , = = (@ we de (b) eda aug 2.1 2.43 St uel Gude. abu auasis Revd (Practical norms for the use of SI system) (1) Bs ois ed a ae De yan eT tailed ASA. AR, Wat kg ao, Im, da di Q Asin Bawdell ew 3 vid yiRert Aid AB. eu, Bed AB kg 2 kg. etll astaG) WAR agawrti Reed Gwha sad au cad alam B2or ad BSA aR, erat, WAS wee calaa abel det ver m x 8. 4) Ha aA Beri well oles ulaedAa As we elie @ calad AA. eta, Word AOL SI wala mys? aaa ms; awal vig, mis/s ot aud, (5) MAS AHH Rawle wh da wr a Ban and arid da di nan war sha aid a, wig a See aa a and da, di wa aia Reade wid. FR oa a2 ord or aud da a newton ag vig Be a ane da ad wa N amd, cert VA pascal HA Beri Pa ae, 2.5 douS su4 (Measurement of Length) doudan ata (erat) sumtell anys Dell dd eA a uae DA x A we Ad ai wedded, 32 107 m ell 10? m sat maul HB Mew Gua ua 8, eu 104 m a sid Dsaudyded wt sear a2 abla Babe Gwier ay B, wah 10% mat seat wet He BAe aw Bible Gaba aa 8, yo alal aia ame atastalla site met W2 ays WA Adie Gualior we B. Axil aes dd ad mou sy, 2.5.1 that vide wt wee eee Qa (Parallax Method) siet vidal Ht 42 eReeudae (Parallax) el Aad Geile 4 ase 3. au deel ye wel AS A wwe AWA B well Seu, yedlll D Fea vied AG sted, Frdlaa, sl, a get aiaati deobai Flaw eau sd sraini 2a 8. A B yell aught 2.2 Gas af, Ua 3 ough (22)ri ealou WU AS we Pe yore TS euaia audai weit A mA B veel Asawa made seai ads Gurl AP 2A BP 4A Bd. ohisRewe A yell sued alae yadda our 2 yedl wedi AT A madisneutd adel aiazll aarneltal uel x Dg Davell yeh 6 aieia ed D4 B. (ph OR eRemuieda seve B.) dal, yet Bevel eum aAgUre, 9 = 2 _ AB A stad eure ee eae b yelled ee D (2.5.1) Ga: 1°54’ = 60’ + 54’ = 114" = ue = Em Asa = = Xi ™ 8 = 3.32 x 107 rad b = 1276 x 10'm 1.276 x 10" 3.32 x 107 = 3.84 x 108m. 25.2 ud 3 aan uRaerd wet (Measurement of the Size of a Planet or a Star) A ws cu d da wa aL aux a yedl wan AS rads ricad Ao da, Loc ase As cut (angular diameter) 58 8. ada, D madisaad 2aadur aiaerdl sean ouraid adsaatell or | MOE ad ad 8. ahs. a= Ginad 252) *myl23 wag az = 1° ela Rall = 60” (APR) 3600” srs) ° Gsae at se 15 A yell star aide D eae G4 a, avaret 2.5.2) -d Gude SAA d AM ase d. cage yeh o wel and UA aryuet oud A} ad ded 12.38 om 8, vel wd 2A 1, 2 AA 3 M2 alsa dei, wig Sea vis 8 HB wa aadsse Mal. wy eaiad AS ds aeuai adsaudydou id Gurid As weds wai wedygl Rar Bear vig a avudl der aids een sk B WA Au 21AA aurls dis 2d B. Guam Geererd 1, 234A BAA wR ads iA 8. moet Ba ads WA ave aud de A ay Dsaudyded runt save ands aide amu, wet 42 Gwiorii Aadat ated ag AL UR eu WB. ELA, alae Badd ada AS aPvudl Bera r = 0.25 cm 8, mL % war Bren udder 2% ebasrent Ay ad aiai A 0.254 cm B. wat Baari audsridi A (2 aA 5) 8, wak om Berni als aA an 2, 5 wl 4) 8. ay aaleayds (Preciseld wut eald 8, ated ole awed Bia aout 6 Ra. Hig rad AT advan ols ae Mee ay seal dae AR & AML alsa nat Gea 8. 2.10.1 als vad dieu afl sea fed (Rules for Determining Number of Significant Digits) G) of & gaz (Qe Raven) A ends vis B. eet, 125.63 g 4 4m cela madsvi 1,2, 5,6 #3 DH via ads vid 3. @A gar ide ara ora grad va wuls A 8. (eaiaPaa mA caiaka Ravel oA wsdl ae we au Peer 6.) eld, 125.00dem ards aeuni 6 ards vid B. @ A dow 1 sedi ae du, dd caiaad owed aera, vag nar YA el sel Au. BA weds 2A ell. eva, 0.001507, dati GA Rai qr als aA al al avls aid au 4 8. @) caine Ravel deuai ia gdae dig vue dau qald ads ais wll. ‘La, 132m = 13200cm = 132000mm. el du Grail ads A (3 A 2) 8. ol aarti qed get urged v cal B. ed 3 A AAD Hee gel award ad, a ads aide atonal tell, © sein Real deuri aia qdaa ais ula oan quid aude aid. eLet, 7.900 11 0.072 900 4A aarti 7,9, 0,0 a4 aur als 2 8.aut at Sea a Ga: (2) 0.003 mi ands A gad As G) Bd. (2) 0.1570 g cai ards iA Ur (1, 5, 7 *1 0) 8. (3) 2.64 x 10%kgxi ards aA ae 2, 6 WA 4) 8. ) 7.590 Jui wily 212 (7, 5, 9 MAO) B. () 6.032 Nm*ai aids aii ae (6, 0, 3 wr 2). (©) 3.012 x 10% mai awls rid wUz (3, 0, 1 #A 2) 8. 2.10.2 Bran, ouseUd, qyouse WA cuusieni was 2A (Significant Figures in Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division) wafer’ malor sear a2 rash eve ti Md sai ASA lal. eds Auda Asad vale da d. eds wuani rar aude ified dea alii ayaH AE UR aaa dia B. wel 3 yet-yer ayy HE waraai Meza (ailsr Mler)al Heed anlar qor-yer madiai yeh R, = 5.670, R,= 12.3450 *A R= 0.70 B. 4d ane ga wade aad 8. aul, R 5.672 + 12.3452 + 0.72 = 18.7152 Ave Baer} q anal au Da eal ase 2K, 567A called whet aAlee sis RA WR al WAR, ot youl caiman wdlat Dea ai lla ais Fa ule «ll al Ryd Hes calaeat WA As y ris 4Ud 8, F ould & 3 den wriri wheat (Precision) ole A waddei wud sei ae 8. ruell, euat wrammi (ea 3 18.7150) ealerair wl clan WA cen 21d (1 WA 5) weds WA adda oF B. uel ifr wRewer alert dl As ais Ql calag AOD. au DA wRewed aadl Assadi ay wadissa 281A dou avis 214 ail ‘Round off” ai ASA su A AL yewd eued a: (2) wa earl F dis Hdl strated GAS gai a da di ddl warn visi AS Fer sed aR. cua, als 212 yl ‘round off” sedi 10.7 cm aw. (2) amare F vis sta mrad da a 5 sedi ay du, cl acl 2urimen visi 1 GAedl, GLa, | = 10.68 em = 10.7 cm (aa aids ais il ‘round off” sai) G) weuridl F ris wdl aad da a vis 5 da di Add ward ris AL da, d aii 1 Ard wi A AA da, di ani 5 Gad aR. feud, |= 10.45em = 10.4em 1 = 10.55em = 10.6em araimeoucoudl : arly aout ara eusaidl AB AML yeel eure HAL = (2) ala ads dad yals deed da el aii aroused, apul Da arauu- encod szai ASR, @ wala als avin & aivewri catia WAL ean ayer auls iA da dea 6 ls 21 araumausodtell wedi WRevei ealarait WA calaal. cic, Guat Geweerii aida aad AR, = 0.704 caiad WA As oo ails aie d. awl ga wade R = 18.715QA 4A AA round off sa R = 18.72 a& ealad Ada. yousie-ouuse : aadsdai caida ala Bed ads ris eelsa da 8. AS aud arlsa aa ald apue salsa da 8, wig, UReweil s6t Sls & shana ais al Sud 8, rull ads aiveun ayousie-cuouste sel ema Lat yer eed dat: () wile amuriaidl & doarti aqar als aid da dea ve als rid au aude aqousie-cuousiel Haat wRewed dar AA, att, () AT asdlel iad 2.613 om AA diuS 1.2 om 8, awl au addled aren = 2.613 em x 1.2 em = 3.1356 cm? wig 2ulla aaa agen ads i, etadl dou 1.2 om 8, 82. ads Ad.na ane 844 (= 3.1356 cm)A A aid YO round off sf calag BSA, euvll, 2.613 em x 1.2 cm = 3.1 cm? Gi) WL 3 AS verky ex m = 3.523 g wr 46 V = 147 cm? 8. mu verde ata 3.523¢ = = = 3 P =F atom = 24296552 = 243g cnt a celal ASA, sea 3, seu ANTAL esd aL als HB. 2) % aout qoard-oustard de dail & ato sweet caladd A dy, dd a doa ase Ba 8. ols anllszerd auadl yas aaa syyetls doar net awa Oa Bb. ea, v= v2 = 2ad wilseeti ais 2 dasa B. aA aiid ails A (2.000...) 8. satan Bratadi aeusr-ouuse aed Ha ads sae ale BD butt dat AR, Ga: awa D = 4.24 em situs yee = An? = x()? 424)? = tx atx (42) = 56.478 cm? = 56.5 em? Gt wllserti 4 aA 2 disse dead B, PUR De wraai as als ri 8. ell, war aa ails rif al round off Ra 8.) 2.11 uRauel A wlRauls yd (Dimensions and Dimensional Formulae) AS ua obfas wht (ala offs whe) aud Yd CARS ati weve a cele ase B. BeMAL MUA AL ALLEY AAAS URVEDA AS zu 2B call ase wou da en xe ot, dou 42-1, 2k ABT 2A Raia, ae cA dan ae 8, wilisaBs aur, PAR dlc AA eet ALA aAYSAL“K’, ‘ed? ar ‘mol Fl vat 2B caiaai wa 3. wud AS olfas wA M, L, T, K, A vt dou aadis BA ara od, cud L, ARs T, ... tt 2agui daa adi aad eule obfas alt] wReuls ya 68 8. an aed sued ML, T,... si widi dA au wei URAL 58 6. % ols w2 wRuks ar anarii au} Av, a altel aieud | Ai ysl ealaai aud 38. tut, (@ Aen wRuks ya AA yor wad: Rurtiae ay = Se oud WR * = et wae u £ sur Mur MOLIT# A Aad wReuks aa 42d. acl Arn wu ead uw 0, doudd wus 1A wed wu -1 2. Gi) ARO RMU at ALA ree ama : dint K = gm (K] = fm] WF east F ais Aad aA AS ube dat el.) = Mt!) we Li Ty IK} = MT? Jadls obsaleln wRauks a 2a 23 xi rula 8. 2.11.1 wales R2dugu(Dimensional Analysis) wus yi Gedo sr cbfasReutt ay ald Ga Anaad ve wheubs Brava so 3. walks Aauan Gwdod : @ A gélgd Asal AS cbfas whew Al aad aeucis aie Amadl.act tt Seal (&) os UEDA aisnal wiser ala Reus Redue a asd. © AS ARs ahd ar olas aPied wa asin calad wll Anad. A AAA Ase AS odes aka Asad aed deaaes asia Amad + MKS wei ih dee ya) BWA CGS ualAHi ml (erg) B. Al aril arcs aol AA wu Anal ase stl wus ya [W] = ML? T? 3, MKS uelani CGS uel Mike) = «10° M (g) L (m) = 10° L (cm) TS = 10° T (s) oMIL2T? = (10'M)! (10°L)? (10°ry? 10°M') 10% (L2) (Ty = 10) Mr? aul. MKS veal SeH = 107 x sla CGS ueliai As s+ 1 joule = 107 erg (b) wRRwulis wlseerd Gueda sr aifas Ment AS alsead vada aud. clls uhedA aisndi AS va wile GA sug uetaadai UR aur da, di 2 oils wise wuts RA awl B, de sou, Gera id, ada asl we oR sai ver ae aiotai Bevaunil am aba avlleeet 2 P= A aad cael, r aedl, m= weve et, y= Weel 8 a adausie wil Bee 8, aalleeadl aol uy A (F] = MIL!T? aaleeadl ariall oy a2, = Imitvr yale!) « oye?) a = MILT? 2 a4, [F] = [=| Sad, sala whee wus eA val 8. Id: alse suaai maid A wReuseRa dla, dl del aswell ad usd tefl. © AS obs ala awa ois uked aud avi calad uelsee Anag + wd 2 ar Aes auadsing wile Anag 8. wer dasa madsen (7) A alersell oud () diets odvmtth em Gm) A AZranaar (g) WR waRa AS a. asd 2uadsin To mt

] 5. A Rgdeud a ad Radle on F = im AD sett sows 8, aH F TAA Raid g, WA g, Ay aaa B, dey Ae WA wRUBE ax sud, Prawe, : N7C? mm, MIL ATtA%y 6, wRouts Brava west Dai aleeadel union aed (1) eeu P = pgh P= doll aia, g = Aaa, h = Grud B. @ Fs = 4m - $m? weal, F =o, 5 = eainlaa, m = em, v = 2iRA AL wav, = ile aa 8. was Aa, a = wa 2A 1 = WHHL