Ch-7: p ng tn s ca h thng LTI v thit k b lc tng t

Lecture-14
7.3. B lc Butterworth
7.4. B lc Chebyshev
7.5. Cc php bin i tn s

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.2. B lc Butterworth

Trn thc t ngi ta tm c cc php bin i thit

k b lc thng cao, thng di, chn di da vo b lc
thng thp Tp trung kho st thit k b lc thng
thp (xem nh b lc mu Prototype Filter)

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.3. B lc Butterworth
p ng bin ca b lc thng thp Butterworth bc n:

|H(j)|=
1+

2n

Ti tn s c, p ng bin bng 1/(2)1/2 hoc -3dB cng

sut suy gim : gi l tn s ct, tn s 3dB hoc tn s
cng sut
Yu cu thit k:
Ch r

Ch r G( p) Gp
Ch r s
Ch r G( s) Gs
Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.3. B lc Butterworth
Xc nh bc n ca b lc v
li (dB) ti tn s
li (dB) ti tn s
li (dB) ti tn s
2n
p

10

G( x )

x:

10log10 1+

G(p )=

p:

G(s )

s:

G p /10

theo cc yu cu thit k:

2n

10

Gs /10

Gs /10

log (10
n

10log10 1+

s
c

2n

10
10

2 log(

1) /(10
s

G p /10

G p /10

1)

(10

10log10 1+

2n

2n

s
1/ 2 n

1)

(10

Gs /10

2n

p
c

x
c

1)1/ 2 n

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

Gs /10
G p /10

1
1

Gp

Gs

7.3. B lc Butterworth
Xc nh hm truyn H(s) bc n:
Trong thit k, ta dng p ng chun ha ( c=1) nh sau:

| H( j ) |

2n

Suy ra H(s) khi bit hm truyn ca p ng chun ha:

H (s)

s/

H (s)

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.3. B lc Butterworth
Xc nh hm truyn bc n ca b lc chun ha:
Xc nh cc poles ca b lc chun ha:

H( j )H( j )
s

1
2n

1
H ( s) H ( s)
1 (s / j)2n

Cc poles ca H(s)H(-s) phi tha: s 2 n

1 e
j ej

j (2 k 1)
/2

2n

( j )2 n

j (2 k n 1)

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.3. B lc Butterworth
Vy cc poles ca H(s)H(-s) l:

sk
H(s)

j
(2 k n 1)
2n

;k

1, 2,3,..., 2n

Im

H(-s)

-1

H(s)

Im

H(-s)

2n 1

Re

-1

Re

-j

-j

Kt lun: n poles ca H(s): sk

j
( 2 k n 1)
2n

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

;k

1, 2,3,..., n

7.3. B lc Butterworth
Hm truyn H(s) c dng:

1
( s s1 )( s s2 )( s s3 )...( s sn )

H (s)

sk

j
(2 k n 1)
2n

;k

1, 2,3,..., n
s1

V d: xt trng hp n=4
s1 e j 5

/8

0.3827 j 0.9239

e j7

/8

0.9239 j 0.3827

s3 e j 9

/8

s2

s4 e j11

/8

0.9239 j 0.3827
0.3827 j 0.9239

Im
j

s2
Re

-1
s3
s4

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

-j

7.3. B lc Butterworth
1
H ( s)
( s 0.3827 j 0.9239)( s 0.3827 j 0.9239)( s 0.9239 j 0.3827)(s 0.9239 j 0.3827)
H (s)
H (s)

(s 2

1
0.7654s 1)( s 2 1.8478s 1)

s 4 2.6131s 3

1
3.4142s 2 2.6131s 1

Lm tng t ta c th tnh c cho trng hp bc n bt k:

H ( s)

1
Bn ( s )

1
s

an 1s

n 1

... a1s 1

Bn(s): Gi l a thc Butterworth!!!

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.3. B lc Butterworth

Coefficients of Butterworth Polynominal Bn(s)=sn+an-1sn-1++a1s+1

n a1
a2
a3
a4
a5
a6
a7
a8
a9

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.3. B lc Butterworth

Butterworth Polynominal in Factorized Form

n
Bn ( s)

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.3. B lc Butterworth
Cc bc thit k b lc thng thp Butterworth:
V d: Thit k b lc thng thp Butterworth tha mn cc yu cu
sau: li di thng (0 <10) khng nh hn -2dB; li di
chn ( 20) khng vt qu -20dB
log (10

Bc 1: Xc nh n
Bc 2: Xc nh

Gs /10

1) /(10

2 log(

(10

1)

c:
p

G p /10

G p /10

s
1/ 2 n

1)

(10

Gs /10

1)1/ 2 n

Bc 3: Xc nh H(s): dng n (bc 1) tra bng (hoc tnh)

Bc 4: Xc nh H(s):

H (s)

s/

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

H (s)

7.3. B lc Butterworth
Bc 1:

log (10 2

G(

p)

G(

s)

Bc 3: H ( s)
Bc 4: H ( s)
H ( s)

1)

3.701 chn n=4

2 log 2
10
10.694
0.2
1/ 8
(10
1)
chn
20
11.26
2
1/ 8
(10
1)

Bc 2:

1) /(100.2

10 log10 1
10 log10 1
(s 2
[
(s 2

s 2
11

10 8
11
20
11

c=11

1.66dB

2dB

20.8dB

20dB

1
0.76536686s 1)( s 2 1.84775907 s 1)
1
0.76536686

s
11

1][

s 2
11

1.84775907

s
11

14641
8.41903546 s 121)( s 2 20.32534977 s 121)
Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

1]

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
p ng bin ca b lc thng thp Chebyshev:

| H( j )|

Cn2 ( c )

Trong thit k, ta dng p ng chun ha ( c=1):

| H( j ) |

Cn2 ( )

Vy khi c H(s) H(s) bng cch:

H (s)

s/

H (s)

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Xt p ng bin ca b lc thng thp chun ha Chebyshev :

| H( j ) |
1

2
n

C ( )
1

Cn ( )

cos n cos

Cn ( )

cosh n cosh

;|

| 1

;|

| 1

Cn( ) l mt a thc tha tnh cht sau:

Cn ( )
C:

C0 ( )

2 Cn 1 ( )

Cn

1 v C1 ( )

( ); n

C2 ( )

Mt cch tng t ta c th tnh c bng Cn( )!!!

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Chebyshev Polyminals

Cn ( )

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
p ng bin b lc Chebyshev:

Pass-band

| H( j ) |
1

Pass-band

gn r ( li max/ li min) trong di thng:

10log10 (1

-r

Gp (Butterworth)

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

) (dB)
(dB)

Cn2 ( )

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Xc nh v bc(n) ca b lc Chebyshev tha yu cu thit k:
Xc nh : r

10log10 (1

design

li ti tn s : G
li ti tn s

r
2

10 log10 [1
2

10 log10 [1

s:

10 r /10

Cn2 (

Cn2 (
Gs /10

cosh n cosh

10
10r /10

s
p

)]

1
1

1
s

cosh

10 Gs /10 1
cosh[ n cosh 1 ( s /

)]

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

10
10 r /10

)]

Gs
1/ 2

Gs /10

1
cosh

1
1

1/ 2

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Xc nh hm truyn H(s) ca b lc:
Ngi ta tnh c cc poles ca H(s) nh sau:

sk
k
x

(2k 1)
sin
2n
1, 2, 3,..., n
1
sinh
n

sinh x

(2k 1)
j cos
2n
H(s)

600

sinh x; b

Im

cosh x
H(-s)
600

cosh x

Re
600

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

600

7.4. B lc Chebyshev

H ( s)
H ( s)

(s

Kn
s1 )( s s2 )...( s

Kn
Cn' ( s )

sn

sn )

Kn
an 1s n 1 ... a1s

a0

Kn c la chn bo m li DC:

Kn

a0

n odd

a0
1

n even

vic thit k c n gin, ngi ta thnh lp bng Cn(s)

hoc gi tr ca cc poles vi mt s gn r thng gp
Tra bng!!!
Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Chebyshev Filter Coefficients of the Denominator Polynominal
Cn' s n an 1s n 1 an 2 s n 2 ... a1s a0

a0

a1

a2

a3

a4

a5
0.5 dB ripple
r 0.5dB

1 dB ripple
r 1dB

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

a6

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Chebyshev Filter Coefficients of the Denominator Polynominal
Cn' s n an 1s n 1 an 2 s n 2 ... a1s a0

a0

a1

a2

a3

a4

a5
2 dB ripple
r 2dB

3 dB ripple
r 3dB

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

a6

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Chebyshev Filter Poles Locations
n r 0.5dB
r 1dB

2dB

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

3dB

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Chebyshev Filter Poles Locations
n r 0.5dB
r 1dB

2dB

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

3dB

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Cc bc thit k b lc thng thp Chebyshev:
V d: Thit k b lc thng thp Chebyshev tha mn cc yu cu
sau: r trong di thng (0
10) 2dB; li di chn ( 20)
Gs -20dB
Bc 1: Xc nh: n

Gs /10

1
cosh

1
s

cosh
p

Gs /10
10
1
Bc 2: Chn :
cosh[n cosh 1 ( s /

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

)]

10
10r /10

1
1

10r /10

1/ 2

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Nu sao cho r=0.5dB, 1dB, 2dB hoc 3dB tra bng Cn(s);
nu khng tha tnh Cn(s):

sin (2 k2 n1) sinh x

sk
k

1, 2,3,..., n; x

Cn' ( s )

(s

s1 )( s

1
n

sinh

Kn

sn )

Kn
Cn' ( s )

n odd

a0
1

s2 )...( s

Bc 3: Xc nh H(s): H ( s )

a0

j cos (2 k2 n1) cosh x

Bc 4: Xc nh H(s):

n even

H (s)

s/

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

H (s)

7.4. B lc Chebyshev
Bc 1: n
Bc 2:

1
cosh
1
cosh (2)

10
1
100.2 1

102 1
cosh[3cosh 1 (2)]

Tra bng: Cn' ( s )

s3

Bc 3: n odd

Bc 4: H ( s )
H (s)

2.473 chn n=3

100.2

0.764 chn =0.764 (r)design=2dB

0.382

H (s)

1/ 2

0.7378s 2

Kn

0.3269
0.3269
0.7378s 2 1.0222 s
0.3269

s3
s 3
10

s3

1.0222 s

0.3269

a0

0.7378

s
10

0.3269

1.0222 10s

326.9
7.378s 2 102.22 s
Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

326.9

0.3269

7.5. Cc php bin i tn s

B lc thng cao (High-pass Filter):

High-pass Filter

Hp (s)

T (s)

H (s)

Prototype Filter

T (s)

V d 1: Thit k b lc thng cao Chebyshev tha mn cc yu cu

sau: r trong di thng ( 200) 2dB; li di chn ( 100)
Gs -20dB?
Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.5. Cc php bin i tn s

B lc thng di (Band-pass Filter):

Band-pass
Filter

p1

min
s1

Hp (s)

p2

2
s1

p2

p1

T (s)

H (s)

Prototype Filter

2
s2
s2

T (s)

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

p1
p2

p2
p1

s2
(

p1
p2

p2
p1

)s

7.5. Cc php bin i tn s

V d 2: Thit k b lc thng di Chebyshev tha mn cc yu cu
sau: r trong di thng (1000
2000) 1dB; li di chn
( 450 hoc 4000) Gs -20dB?
V d 3: Thit k b lc thng di Butterworth tha mn cc yu cu
sau: li trong di thng (1000
2000) -1dB; li di chn
( 450 hoc 4000) Gs -20dB?

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

7.5. Cc php bin i tn s

B lc chn di (Band-stop Filter):

Band-stop
Filter

min

s1
p1

Hp (s)

p2

p1

p2

2
s1

T (s)

H (s)

Prototype Filter

s2
2
s2

T (s)

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT

p2

p1
p1

(
s2

p2

p2

p1
p1

)s

p2

7.5. Cc php bin i tn s

V d 4: Thit k b lc chn di Butterworth tha mn cc yu cu
sau: li trong di chn (100
150) -20dB; li di thng
( 60 hoc 260) -2.2dB?

Signals & Systems FEEE, HCMUT