8.

5 VALVE CHARACTERISTICS
Factors that determines the choice of
valve type
Corrosion resistance
Operating temperature ranges
High and low pressures
Velocities
Pipe size
Fluids containing solids

Correct valve installation is necessary

and vendor recommendations must be
followed so that sludge can be trapped
upstream of a valve.
To minimize disturbances and have
good flow , clear run from 1 to 5 pipe
diameters of upstream & downstream
should be allowed.

Capacity number (Cv) , indicates no. of

gallon per minute at 60F (15.5C) &
pressure drop 1 psi
(6.9 kPa).
Relation between Pd(psi),flow rate Q ,CV

and SG is

8.6 VALVE FAIL SAFE

Position of a actuators is
considered as there is (a loss of power
when system shutdown occurs or fuel
continues flow to heaters).
Globe valve design that operate
pneumatically or hydraulically to open
& close when system is failure.
Failure mode is detect by changing
the spring position & pressure port.

The closing of globe valve occurs

when pressure applied to pressure
port to oppose spring action.
Spring action on piston to force
valve to its position when system
fails or there is loss of pneumatic
pressure.
When spring is removed to above
the piston, inlet & exhaust ports are
reversed, pressure that aplied will
work against spring action to open
the valve.

When the pressure loss control and

system fails ,spring force to piston
down &close the valve .

Hydraulically, electrically, two &

three way operated valves also
available that operates when system
fails.

8.7 ACTUATORS
They are used to control various type
of valves .
Two types of pneumatic actuators are
1)Reverse action when lifting the valve
against the pressure of valve.
2)Direct action when moving the valve
down against the pressure of valve.

Depends on valve the pressure can

occurs on closing or opening.

Actuators must operate valve

against the pressure acting on valve
and able to close tightly the valve.

THANK YOU