Unit Conversion Factors

Gas Constant:

Temperature:

Pressure:

R =

0
0
1

F =
C =
K =

1 atm
1 atm
1 atm
1 atm
1
psi
1
kPa
1 inH2O
1 mmHg

Gas Gravity:

10.73164
82.05785
0.08315
8.31451
1.985887
1.985887
8.314511

ftpsia/Rlb.mol
(cmatm)/(Kg.mol)
(Lbar)/(Kg.mol)
(mPa)/(Kg.mol)
Btu/(Rlb.mol)
cal/(Kg.mol)
J/(Kg.mol)

459.67 R
273.15 K
1.8 R

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

14.69594878
101.325
1.01325
760
6.894757293
0.01
0.036091191
0.019336775

Mair =

28.9625

psia
kPa
bar
mmHg
kPa
bar
psi
psi

Liquid Gravity:

1
1
1
1
1

SG
SG
SG
SG
SG

=
=
=
=
=

8.33720
62.3666
0.999017
999.017
0.999017

Length:

1
1
1
1
1

in
ft
ft
ft
m

=
=
=
=
=

2.54
12
30.48
0.3048
3.280839895

cm
in
cm
m
ft

Area:

1
1
1
1
1
1

in2
ft2
ft2
ft2
acre
m2

=
=
=
=
=
=

6.4516
144
929.0304
0.09290304
43560
10.76391042

cm2
in2
cm2
m2
ft2
ft2

Mass:

1
1
1

lb =
lb =
kg =

lb/gal
lb/ft3
g/cm3
kg/m3
kg/L

453.59237 g
0.45359237 kg
2.204622622 lb

8/11/2011

Volume:

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

gal
gal
gal
bbl
ft3
ft3
ft3
ft3
m3
m3
m3

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

231
3785.411784
0.003785412
42
1728
28316.84659
7.480519481
0.178107607
35.31466672
264.1720524
6.28981077

in3
cm3
m3
gal
in3
cm3
gal
bbl
ft3
gal
bbl

Density:

1 g/cm3
1 lb/ft3
1 lb/ft3
1 lb/ft3
1 kg/m3

=
=
=
=
=

62.42796058
0.133680556
16.01846337
0.016018463
0.062427961

lb/ft3
lb/gal
kg/m3
g/cm3
lb/ft3

Energy:

1
1
1
1
1
1

=
=
=
=
=
=

251.9958
1055.0558526
778.1693
4.1868
0.003968321
0.0009478171

Force:

1
1

lbf =
lbf =

4.448221615 N
444822.1615 dyne

Viscosity:

1
1
1
1
1
1

P
P
P
P
cP
cP

1
100
1.45038E-05
0.067196898
1.45038E-07
0.000671969

Other:

Btu
Btu
Btu
cal
cal
J

=
=
=
=
=
=

gc =
=

cal
J
ft-lbf
J
Btu
Btu

dyne-sec/cm2
cP
lbf-sec/in2
lb/ft-sec
lbf-sec/in2
lb/ft-sec

9.80665 kgmm/(kgfsec)
32.17405 lbmft/(lbfsec)

Approximate Heating Values for Common Fuels

LHV
HHV
Btu/gal
Btu/gal
Crude Oil
129,670
138,350
Conventional Gasoline
116,090
124,340
U.S. Conventional Diesel
128,450
137,380
Methanol
57,250
65,200
Ethanol
76,330
84,530
Butanol
99,837
108,458
Renewable Gasoline
115,983
124,230
Fischer-Tropsch diesel (FTD)
123,670
130,030
http://hydrogen.pnl.gov/cocoon/morf/projects/hydrogen/datasheets/lower_and_higher_heat
ing_values.xls&sa=U&ei=zy1ETuDkLsHegQfXroXCCQ&ved=0CBEQFjAA&usg=AFQjCNGWbrO
Ref:
_s6fqxX67DsjEwTxUqExl9A

8/11/2011

Atmospheric Air Composition

Composition of dry air close to sea level:
3.2632
Mass Ratio N2/O2 =
0.0020
Mass Ratio CO2/O2 =

N2
O2
A
CO2
Ne
He
CH4
Kr
N2O
H2
O3
Xe

Mole Percent
78.09
20.95
0.93
0.03
0.0018
0.00052
0.00022
0.00011
0.00001
0.00005
0.00004
0.000008
100.002758

Mass Percent
61980085.21
18993659.27
1052613.45
37407.88
1029.32
58.97
100.00
261.17
12.47
2.86
54.40
29.76
82065314.74

Mol.Wt.
28.0134
31.9988
39.948
44.00995
20.183
4.0026
16.04303
83.80
44.0128
2.01594
47.9982
131.3
28.96388
28.9625

8/11/2011