THUT NG CHUYN NGNH AUDIO

Output (Cng sut): Cng ti to m thanh ca mt cp loa.

Impedance (Tr khng): Tng lng i khng (in tr, in dung, t cm) trn ng i
i vi dng in xoay chiu. Tr khng tnh bng (ohm) v thay i cc ngng tn s khc
nhau.
Watt (n v o cng sut): S Watt cng ln, cng sut cng mnh, nhng loa ku to n
mc no cn ph thuc vo nhy ca loa, kch thc phng nghe. Xem thm PMPO.
Decibel (dB): L i lng o cng m thanh. Mi dB l s thay i nh nht trong cng
m thanh, c th nhn bit c bi tai ngi.
Phase (pha): trong lnh vc audio, pha dng ch mi quan h v thi gian gia hai hay nhiu
sng. hai loa trong cng h thng hot ng ng pha c bit quan trng. iu c ngha
l tt c loa con trong h thng loa phi dch chuyn ra vo ng thi. Nu loa c hin tng
lch pha s gy nn tnh trng thiu m trm hoc v m hnh stereo.
Audio frequency (Tn s m thanh): Di m m tai ngi nghe thy, thng thng t 20Hz
n 20kHz.
Frequency Response (Di tn): L di m thanh cn bng trn ton b m ph c ti to bi
thit b m thanh m tai ngi c th nghe thy cng mc m lng, thng t 20Hz n
20.000Hz.
Bass (Ting trm): m trm trong di m thanh vi tn s phn b t 0Hz n 200Hz.
Treble (Ting bng): m bng trong di tn t trn 200Hz - 20KHz.
Stereo (m thanh ni): Thut ng bt ngun t ting Hy Lp vi ngha gc l s chc chn.
Mt nh dng m thanh hai knh c thit k to cho ngi nghe o gic v khng gian ba
chiu vi m hnh ni gia hai cp loa.Bandwidth (di thng tn).
Axis (Trc): ng/trc tng tng chy t loa n v tr ngi nghe.
Crossover Frequency (Tn s ct): L tn s m h thng phn tn ca loa chn a tn hiu
audio vo loa con.
Maximum Power Rating (Cng sut cc i): L mc cng sut (W) cc i m thit b audio
c th chu ng trong khong gia ca di trm, thng pha cn trn di tn ca loa sub-bass
(khong 100 200Hz)

 Peak Power (Cng sut nh): l mc cng sut cao nht ca ampli hoc loa c khuyn co
thit b vn hnh an ton.
PMPO (Peak Music Power Output): Cng sut nh t c mt thi im, khng phi l
cng sut lin tc ca thit b. Thng ghi trn cc b dn lin, dn mini, hoc radio cassette to
cm gic gi to cho ngi ta rng my c cng sut ln.
RMS (Root Mean Squared): L h thng k t vit tt dng ch cng sut c lng (tnh
bng watt) trong lnh vc m thanh nh gi cng sut u ra lin tc ca ampli hoc cng
sut chu ti ca loa.
Nominal (Danh nh): vi h thng m thanh ti gia, thut ng danh nh c hai cch hiu
chnh: 1-Cng sut danh nh l cng sut ti thiu m ampli cn c nh cp vi loa. 2-Tr
khng danh nh l tr khng ti thiu trn l thuyt ca cp loa.
Power Hangling: Cng sut an ton ti a m loa c th chu ti c. Tuy nhin, nn nh rng
tng m c cng sut qu nh s kh y loa hn l ampli c cng sut ln.
Shielding (Bc kim chng nhiu): Gi cho dy dn hoc my mc thit b khng b nhiu
ngoi mong mun.
Noise (Nhiu): Tn hiu khng mong mun tc ng n ngun tn hiu m thanh/hnh nh
gc.
Overload (Qu ti): Tnh trng h thng c cp mc tn hiu qu ln. Hu qu ca qu ti c
th l hin tng mo ting hoc lm hng thit b.
Valve (Tube): n in t, cho m thanh m p, quyn r.
Bass Reflex (Thng loa cng hng): L loi thng loa s dng khoang ring hoc ng dn
tng cng m trm.
Dipolar (lng cc): L thit k loa vi nhng cp loa i din c cn chnh cho lch pha v
ta m ra nhiu hng. iu dn n vic trit m ln nhau gia cc loa con v ngi nghe
ch cm nhn c m thanh phn hi t nhng ra bc tng xung quanh phng nghe. Cng
ngh ny thng c ng dng trong loa surround ca h thng home theater.
Diaphragm (Mng rung): Trong c loa, mng rung c iu khin bi cun dy loa. N
chuyn ng v to sng khng kh, to nn m thanh. Mng rung thng c hnh nn hoc dng
vm.
Compact Disc Transport (B c CD): Thit b c thng tin di dng nh phn t a compact
v chuyn n b phn bn ngoi hon chuyn thnh tn hiu tng t.

 DAC- Digital to Audio Converter (B chuyn i tn hiu s sang tn hiu tng t): L thit
b chuyn gii m chui tn hiu s sang tn hiu tng t.
Integrated Amplifier (Ampli tch hp): Thit b n khi gm c phn tin khuch i v phn
khuch i cng sut.
Preamplifier (Tin khuch i): B phn tin khuch i l trung tm iu khin ca h thng
m thanh. Ton b iu bin c thc hin ti y nh m lng, cn bng m thanh gia cc
knh. Thng thng, thit b ny c mc tn hiu khuch i nht nh. Mt receiver AV gm c
phn tin khuch ln b phn khuch i.
Power Amplifier (B tng m cng sut).
High Pass Filter (B lc cao tn): L b lc c thit k ch cho php tn hiu cao tn i qua,
ng thi gim thiu tn s thp.
Low Pass Filter (lc trm): L b phn lc c thit k cho cc tn s thuc di trm i qua,
ng thi lm suy hao cc tn s thuc di cao.
Equalizer (EQ): Thit b in t hot ng nh b lc ch ng tng hoc gim mt khong
tn s nht nh.
Filter (B lc): L mch in hoc b phn c kh loi b hay lm suy gim nng lng mt
vi tn s nht nh, ng thi cho php nhng tn s khc i qua.Crossover (phn tn): L b
phn th ng (trong mt thng loa) hoc ch ng (trong b s l) phn chia cc di tn c th
n tng loa con ring bit ca h thng loa. Nu khng c b phn tn, th mi c loa s chu
ton b di tn qua n.
DSP (X l tn hiu s): Chng trnh c s dng thay i tn hiu u vo s vi mt s
ng dng ph thng nh x l thi gian tr ca cc loa pha sau, cn chnh cho loa subwoofer,
lc tn s thp khi cc loa v tinh v thm cc hiu ng (rp ht).
DTS (H thng rp ht s): L tn gi ca phng php m ha cc knh m thanh xem
phim v nghe nhc. C th ln n 7 knh(6.1). Phng thc ny tr ln u tri so vi Dolby
Digital 5.1.
Toroidal Transformer: Bin th hnh xuyn c n nh cao v t gy nhiu cho mch in
xung quanh.
Banana Plug (Gic bp chui): L u ni c hnh bp chui vi chiu rng khong 0,32cm,
chiu di khong 2,54cm c cm thng vo li ca cc u ni pha sau loa hoc ampli.

 Binding Post (Cc/trm u loa): Cc pha sau loa v ampli dng u ni vi dy loa. Cc
ny c nhiu hnh dng khc nhau, t loi kp dy l nh, kp xoy c n kp bt gic cng cua
hay l nhn cc u bp chui.
Biwiring (u dy i): l s dng hai cp dy loa u t mt ampli nh ring r cho di
trm v di cao trn mt cp loa.
Interconnects Cables (Dy tn hiu): Dy tn hiu c s dng kt ni cc thit b c mc
tn hiu thp t u c CD n receiver, t u c DVD n receiver, t receiver n loa sub
in Hu ht dy tn hiu u c cu trc bc chng nhiu v s dng u kt ni RCA.
Coaxial cable (Cp chuyn): L loi cp tr khng 75 ohm, c s dng ph bin kt ni
tivi vi mt s h thng ng-ten ca i FM hoc i truyn hnh. Thit b ny cng c s
dng kt ni b c ca u c CD hoc u c DVD n b chuyn i DA.
RCA Connector (Kt ni RCA): L u cm hoc u jack tiu chun c s dng kt ni
cc thit b audio hoc video. Loi u cm ny c phng th nghim RCA pht minh. u
RCA cng c gi vi tn ng phono hoc jack, ngay c khi chng s dng trong cc thit b
khng dng n mch phono.
Six Chanel Input (6 u vo): Rt nhiu u DVD hin nay c lp sn b x l Dolby Digital
bn trong vi 5 ng ra surround c lp v mt ng loa siu trm. s dng tin ch ny
cn c ampli xem phim 6 ng vo (mi mt ng input cho mt knh m thanh surround).
Line Level: Mc tn hiu u vo ca mt thit b khuch i nh preampli hoc ampli.
Analog (Tng t): L s m t sng m mt cch lin tc.
Digital (K thut s): M t cc gi tr c tnh trong cc khong thi gian ri rc.
Anechoic (Phng cm): Khng c ting vng. Mt phng khng c ting vng l phng khng
c m phn x.
Valve (Tube): n in t, cho m thanh m p, quyn r.
Bass Reflex (Thng loa cng hng): L loi thng loa s dng khoang ring hoc ng dn
tng cng m trm.
Dipolar (lng cc): L thit k loa vi nhng cp loa i din c cn chnh cho lch pha v
ta m ra nhiu hng. iu dn n vic trit m ln nhau gia cc loa con v ngi nghe
ch cm nhn c m thanh phn hi t nhng ra bc tng xung quanh phng nghe. Cng
ngh ny thng c ng dng trong loa surround ca h thng home theater.

 Diaphragm (Mng rung): Trong c loa, mng rung c iu khin bi cun dy loa. N
chuyn ng v to sng khng kh, to nn m thanh. Mng rung thng c hnh nn hoc dng
vm.
Compact Disc Transport (B c CD): Thit b c thng tin di dng nh phn t a compact
v chuyn n b phn bn ngoi hon chuyn thnh tn hiu tng t.
DAC- Digital to Audio Converter (B chuyn i tn hiu s sang tn hiu tng t): L thit
b chuyn gii m chui tn hiu s sang tn hiu tng t.
Integrated Amplifier (Ampli tch hp): Thit b n khi gm c phn tin khuch i v phn
khuch i cng sut.
Preamplifier (Tin khuch i): B phn tin khuch i l trung tm iu khin ca h thng
m thanh. Ton b iu bin c thc hin ti y nh m lng, cn bng m thanh gia cc
knh. Thng thng, thit b ny c mc tn hiu khuch i nht nh. Mt receiver AV gm c
phn tin khuch ln b phn khuch i.
High Pass Filter (B lc cao tn): L b lc c thit k ch cho php tn hiu cao tn i qua,
ng thi gim thiu tn s thp.
Low Pass Filter (lc trm): L b phn lc c thit k cho cc tn s thuc di trm i qua,
ng thi lm suy hao cc tn s thuc di cao.
Equalizer (EQ): Thit b in t hot ng nh b lc ch ng tng hoc gim mt khong
tn s nht nh.
Filter (B lc): L mch in hoc b phn c kh loi b hay lm suy gim nng lng mt
vi tn s nht nh, ng thi cho php nhng tn s khc i qua.Crossover (phn tn): L b
phn th ng (trong mt thng loa) hoc ch ng (trong b s l) phn chia cc di tn c th
n tng loa con ring bit ca h thng loa. Nu khng c b phn tn, th mi c loa s chu
ton b di tn qua n.
DSP (X l tn hiu s): Chng trnh c s dng thay i tn hiu u vo s vi mt s
ng dng ph thng nh x l thi gian tr ca cc loa pha sau, cn chnh cho loa subwoofer,
lc tn s thp khi cc loa v tinh v thm cc hiu ng (rp ht).
DTS (H thng rp ht s): L tn gi ca phng php m ha cc knh m thanh xem
phim v nghe nhc. C th ln n 7 knh(6.1). Phng thc ny tr ln u tri so vi Dolby
Digital 5.1.

Toroidal Transformer: Bin th hnh xuyn c n nh cao v t gy nhiu cho mch in

xung quanh.
Six Chanel Input (6 u vo): Rt nhiu u DVD hin nay c lp sn b x l Dolby Digital
bn trong vi 5 ng ra surround c lp v mt ng loa siu trm. s dng tin ch ny
cn c ampli xem phim 6 ng vo (mi mt ng input cho mt knh m thanh surround).
Line Level: Mc tn hiu u vo ca mt thit b khuch i nh preampli hoc ampli.
Analog (Tng t): L s m t sng m mt cch lin tc
Digital (K thut s): M t cc gi tr c tnh trong cc khong thi gian ri rc.
Anechoic (Phng cm): Khng c ting vng. Mt phng khng c ting vng l phng khng
c m phn x.