1.

Describe the effects on mold design, including the required change in the size of the risers,
runners, chokes, and sprues, for a casting of a given shape that is to be doubled in volume.
2. Describe your observation concerning the design modifications shown in Fig. below.

Suggested design modifications to avoid defects in castings.

3. Do you think that there will be fewer defects in a casting made by gravity pouring versus one
made by pouring under pressure? Explain.
4. The heavy regions of parts typically are placed in the drag in sand casting and not in the cope.
Explain why.
5. What are the benefits and drawbacks to having a pouring temperature that is much higher
than the metal's melting temperature? What are the advantages and disadvantages in having
the pouring temperature remain close to the melting temperature?

R.Ramful

6. Describe the drawbacks to having a riser that is (a) too large and (b) too small.
7. Why can blind risers be smaller than open-top risers?
8. What differences, if any, would you expect in the properties of castings made by permanentmold versus sandcasting processes?
9. Describe the measures that you would take to reduce core shifting in sand casting.
10. Porosity that has developed in the boss of a casting is illustrated below. Show that the
porosity can be eliminated simply by repositioning the parting line of this casting.

R.Ramful