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Gas Gathering
Gas Gathering
Gas Gathering
1
2003 AspenTech. All Rights Reserved.
EA1031.31.05
06 Gas Gathering.pdf
Gas Gathering
Workshop
In this example, a gas gathering system located on varied terrain is
simulated using the steady state capabilities of HYSYS. The following
figure shows the physical configuration of this system superimposed on
a topographic map. The system consists of four wells distributed over an
area of approximately 2.0 square km, connected to a gas plant via a
network of pipelines.
Figure 1
The gas in this case is varied, both sour and sweet gas are being
combined in the pipeline, as well as a gas condensate mixture. A Mixer
combines all of the incoming gas streams from the outlying wells into
one common header. Flowlines extending from this central site to each
of the individual wells are modelled in HYSYS using the Pipe Segment
operation. Since the plant is located in an area with mixed terrain, the
elevation changes, must be accounted for in the Pipe Segments.
Additional Mixer operations are used to model mixing points where
flows from remote wells are combined in common lines.
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Gas Gathering
Learning Objectives
Once you have completed this module, you will be able to use the Pipe
Segment in HYSYS to model pipelines.
Prerequisites
Before beginning this module you need to know how to add streams and
unit operations.
Process Overview
Pipe Diameters for each of the branches are:
Pipe Branch
Diameter
Branch 1
76.2 mm (3")
Branch 2
101.6 mm (4")
Branch 3
76.2 mm (3")
Branch 4
101.6 mm (4")
Branch 5
76.2 mm (3")
Branch 6
152 mm (6")
Branch 7
152 mm (6")
Schedule 40 steel pipe is used throughout and all branches are buried at
a depth of 1 m (3 ft). All pipes are uninsulated.
Gas Gathering
Elevation data for each of the branches are provided in the following
table. Branches that traverse undulating terrain have been subdivided
into a number of segments with elevation points assigned at locations
where there is a significant slope change. Such locations in the network
are labeled on the schematic diagram with the elevation value in italics.
Branch
Branch 1
Branch 2
Segment
Branch 6
639 (2095)
6 (15)
125 (410)
636.5 (2089)
-6.5 (-21)
100 (325)
637 (2090)
0.5 (1)
200 (665)
637 (2090)
23 (75)
160 (525)
648 (2125)
12.5 (40)
GasWell 2
614 (2015)
GasWell 3
635.5 (2085)
100 (325)
634 (2080)
-14 (-45)
205 (670)
633 (2077)
-1 (-3)
355 (1165)
633 (2077)
-4 (-13)
180 (590)
625 (2050)
-7.5 (-25)
165 (540)
617 (2025)
-8 (-25)
300 (985)
617 (2025)
-16 (-52)
Branch 1 & 2
637 (2090)
GasWell 4
632.5 (2075)
Branch 3 & 4
633 (2077)
Branch 5 & 6
1
meters (feet)
645 (2110)
1
Branch 7
meters (feet)
150 (500)
1
Branch 5
meters (feet)
Elevation
Change
Branch 4
Elevation
GasWell 1
1
Branch 3
Length
617 (2025)
340 (1115)
604 (1980)
-13 (-45)
Process Overview
Gas Gathering
GasWell 2
GasWell 3
Temperature C (F)
40 (105)
45 (115)
45 (115)
GasWell 4
4135 (600)
3450 (500)
<empty>
<empty>
425 (935)
375 (825)
575 (1270)
545 (1200)
35 (95)
Gas Gathering
The pipe segment offers three calculation modes: Pressure Drop, Flow,
and Length; the appropriate mode will automatically be selected
depending on the information supplied. In order to solve the pipe, you
must supply enough information to completely define both the material
balance and energy balance.
In this simulation, we will be using seven individual pipe segment
operations in the gathering system. In addition, each Pipe Operation
may contain multiple segments to represent the various elevation rises
and drops.
Connections page
On the Connections page, the Feed, Product and Energy stream
connections are made.
2.
Gas Gathering
Parameters page
On this page, you can select the gradient method which will be used for
two-phase (VL) flow calculations. The options are:
For all of the pipes in this example, use the Beggs and Brill correlation
for two-phase flow.
The pressure drop for the pipe can be supplied on the Parameters page.
In this example, it will be left empty and calculated.
Rating tab
Sizing page
On the Sizing page, you construct the length-elevation profile for the
Pipe Segment. Each pipe section and fitting is labeled as a segment. To
fully define the pipe sections segments, you must also specify pipe
schedule, diameters, pipe material and a number of increments.
The first pipe, Branch 1 is broken into three segments.
Gas Gathering
3.
Add the first segment to the pipe unit operation by clicking the
Append Segment button. Specify the following information for the
segment.
In this cell...
Enter...
Fitting/Pipe
Pipe
Length
Elevation Change
6 m (15 ft)
4.
5.
6.
7.
Use the default Pipe Material, Mild Steel and the default Roughness,
4.572e-5 m (0.0018 inch).
8.
In this cell...
Segment
Enter...
2
Enter...
3
Fitting/Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Length
Elevation
0.5 m (1 ft)
Schedule
40
40
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 inch)
76.2 mm (3 inch)
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Gas Gathering
When all three segments have been added and defined, the view should
look like this:
Figure 3
The Pipe Segment is not yet able to solve because we have not specified
any information about the heat transfer properties of the pipe.
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Gas Gathering
11
For all pipes in this simulation, use the Estimate HTC method.
9.
11
12
Gas Gathering
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 2
Inlet
GasWell 2
Outlet
B2 Out
Energy
B2-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
23 m (75 ft)
Nominal Diameter
Remember for all pipes in
this example, use Schedule
40, an Ambient Temperature
of 5C and do not estimate
the HTC for Insulation.
101.6 mm (4 in)
Schedule 40
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer and Pipe
Wall HTC
5 Ambient temperature
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 3
Inlet
GasWell 3
Outlet
B3 Out
Energy
B3-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
Segment 2
Length
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
Segment 3
12
Gas Gathering
In this cell...
13
Enter...
Length
Elevation
-1 m (-3 ft)
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer and Pipe
Wall HTC
2.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Junction 1
Inlets
B1 Out, B2 Out
Outlet
J1 Out
Parameters
Pressure Assignment
3.
Add two Pipe Segments to your case with the values provided in the
following tables.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 4
Inlet
J1 Out
Outlet
B4 Out
Energy
B4-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
-4 m (-13 ft)
Nominal Diameter
101.6 mm (4 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer and Pipe
Wall HTC
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 5
Inlet
GasWell 4
13
14
Gas Gathering
In this cell...
Enter...
Outlet
B5 Out
Energy
B5-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
Segment 2
Length
Elevation
-8 m (-25 ft)
Nominal Diameter
76.2 mm (3 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer and Pipe
Wall HTC
4.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Junction 2
Inlets
B3 Out, B4 Out
Outlet
J2 Out
Parameters
Pressure Assignment
Equalize All
5.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 6
Inlet
J2 Out
Outlet
B6 Out
Energy
B6-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
14
Gas Gathering
In this cell...
15
Enter...
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
152.4 mm (6 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer and Pipe
Wall HTC
6.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Junction 3
Inlets
B5 Out, B6 Out
Outlet
J3 Out
Parameters
Pressure Assignment
Equalize All
7.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Branch 7
Inlet
J3 Out
Outlet
B7 Out
Energy
B7-Q
Dimensions
Segment 1
Length
Elevation
Nominal Diameter
152.4 mm (6 in)
Heat Transfer
Estimate the Inner, Outer and Pipe
Wall HTC
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Gas Gathering
Optional
Convert your case to a template
and save!
Length
Elevation
Pressure
Temperature
Heat Transferred
Flow Regime
Liquid Holdup
Friction Gradient
Static Gradient
Accel Gradient
Bulk Liquid and Vapour Reynolds Number
Bulk Liquid and Vapour Velocity
The Plot tab graphically displays the profile data that is listed on the
Table tab.
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Gas Gathering
17
Open the property view for Branch 1 and examine the Table and Plots on
the Profiles page of the Performance tab.
Figure 5
Figure 6
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Gas Gathering
Challenge
You instruct your summer student, Peter Reynolds to go out to the field
and measure the temperature and pressure of the gas that is being
delivered to the Gas Plant. He reports that the temperature is 38C
(100F) and the pressure is 7457 kPa (1080 psia). Using your HYSYS
simulator, what do you find the pressure of each of the Gas Wells to be?
Hint: you will have to make some changes to the simulation in order for
it to solve completely.
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