Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 42

A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

N o . 1 , V o l u m e (3) september,2009

vGefcJhonfh (21) ESpf Mo*kwfvü jrefrmEkdifiHw0Srf;


vHk;wGif tkyfpkd;rIqefYusifonfh vlxkta&;awmfyHk
BuD;rsm;jzifh jrefrmordkif;tm; a&;xkd;cJhMuonf/
vlxkordkif;jzpfonf/ zdESdyfoltm; awmfvSefonfh
vlxkwkdufyGJjzpfonf/ 1350 jynfh
'Drdkua&pDta&;awmfyHkBuD; .../
ausmif;om;rsm;u ponf/ Arm
tvkyo
f rm;wkYyd gvm\/
v,form;wkdY raeom/ ygvm ujym;
Mu\/ &[ef;? oHCmrsm;vnf; _Adwdef
yg0ifMu\/ vlwef;pm;
aygif;pHk? t rif;orD;
vTmaygif;pHk yg pmrsufESm (13) okdU ....
0ifvmMu
onf/
tdrf&Sifrrsm;
vnf; raeom/
paumrsm;?
i½kwfusnfayGUrsm;udkifí
ygcJhMu\/ aemufqHk; ...
zdESdyftkyfpkd;ol\
zdESdyfa&;ud&d,mrsm;jzpf xl;
onfh vufeufudkifwyf tdrf
zGJYyif yg0ifvmcJhMu\/
jrefrmhordkif;ü oifokdŒ
*kPaf &mifajymifonfh pmrsufESm (26) okdU ....
BuD;rm;aomwkdufyGJBuD;
jzpf\ .... /

pmrsufESm ( 8) okdU ....


pD;&D;opf
xGuf
Ekd if atmif
}udK;pm;
aewJh
xGef;xGef;
pmrsufESm (4) okdU ....

price : 2.5AUS $, 3.5 Ringgit, 300 ¥,


1.5 Singapore $
copy : 5000
ABN : 28541576394
phone : 0430429667
mail : abcjournal @gmail.com
NO 1, VOLUME - 3 address : P.O BoxPAGE
6174,
-1
Girrawheen WA 6064
INTERVIEW
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

pdwfzdpD;rItaMumif; eJeJavmufxyf&Sif;jyay;yg/
usaemfhorD; (6) vt&G,fwkef;u olUtartjyifxGufawmh usaemfwpfa,mufwnf; vkyf&wm
aygh/ oltdyfaewmaemf/ jcifawG0ifvdkUvnf; r&bl;/ toHtus,fBuD;atmfvkdufw,fqdkNyD; usaemf
oGm;Munfhawmh tdyfaysmfaew,f/ usaemf tJh'g pdwfzdpD;rIaMumifhvdkUajym&r,f/ tJh'DOyrmu usaemf
udk,fwkdifcHpm;cJh&wm/ tjcm;OyrmawGvnf; trsm;BuD;&Sdw,f/ vlwkdif; vlwkdif;rSmudk&Sdw,f/
wu,fwrf;r&SdyJ Mum;vkdufwmrsKd;? wu,fwrf;r&SdyJ jrifvdkufwmrsKd;? tJh'gawGu pdwf
zdpD;rIodyfrsm;vmvdkU&Sd&if enf;enf;av; oHo,uae ,kHrSm;rIawGvGJwmrsKd; jzpfvmw,f/
r,kHwmuwqifh pdwfxJrS m trsm;BuD;rSm;oGm;w,f/ tJh 'DtxJu xGufvdkUr&bl;/
tJ'DrSm vnfaew,f/ tJh'gpdwfzdpD;rIaMumifh/ aemufNyD; 'Pf&maMumifhvnf;jzpfwwf
w,f/ usaemfwdkU tMurf;zuf t"r®vkyfcH&wJhvlawG tJ'D'Pf&maMumifh wcgwav
us&if tdrfrufqdk;awGrufwwfw,f/ aemufNyD;awmh tdyfvdkUr&wmawGvnf;
&Sdw,f/ wu,fwrf;uawmh pdw'f Pf&m&oGm;wmjzpfw,f/ 'DrSm&SdaewJhvt l m;
vHk;udk pdwfzdp;D rI&Sdw,fvdkU usaemfajymvdkU&w,f/ 'DrSm&SdwJhq&m0efawGyJjzpfjzpf?
'DrSma&mufvmwmu w&m;0ifvnf;r[kwfbl;/ w&m;0ifr[kwfwJh
vkyfief;cGifrSm jzpfaew,f/ xdkif;tpdk;&u 'DrSm vlrIa&;&,fvdkU vufcHxm;
w,f/

ADZpdwfeJUywfoufvdkU &Sif;jyay;ygtkH;/
tJh'gvnf; 'DvdkyJ ckeu oHk;ckrSmrlwnfw,f/ ADZ? ywf0ef;
usifeJU rdrdudk,fwdkifa&G;cs,fjcif;/ ADZu tcsKdUuav;awGqdk&if
arG;vmwJhtcgrSm arG;zGm;cgp tcef;xJrSm ukwiftao;av;awGeJU
xnfhxm;w,f/ tckyJarG;wJhuav;awGaemf (One Day) uav;
awGaemf/ rwlbl;/ wcsKdUuav;awGu NidrfNidrfav;/ wcsKdUuav;

]]
awGusawmh idkw,f/ toHus,fwJhol&Sdw,f/ ywf0ef;usif&Jh wkefYjyefrI
r,fawmfaq;cef;&Sd Counseling Center wGif awGudkodcsifw,f/ idkw,f? toHxGufw,fqdk&if olemjyKq&mrawGvm
AUSTRALIAN BURMESE COMMUNITY JOURNAL rS w,f/ tJh'Dvdk ckESpfrsKd;avmuf&Sdw,f/ tusOf;csKyfajym&&ifawmh wcsKdU
pdwyf nm&Sif a'gufwm atmifjrifhEiS fh awGq
U Hkar;jref;cGifh &cJNh yD; uav;awGusawmh El;nHhwJhuav;awG&Sdovdk? wcsKdUusawmh pdwfrmwJh
uav;awGvnf;&Sd w,f/ rmwmeJ UEl; nHh wmud k usaemfcGJjcm;NyD; ajymwm
pdwfynm&yfqdkif&mwdt
kU m; ar;jref;cJhygw,f/
b,fvdkvnf;qd ka wmh tJh 'g aumif;wmvnf; r[kwfbl;/ raumif; wm
vnf; r[kwfbl;/ El;nHhwJhuav;awGqdk&if pdwfudk enf;enf;av; [kd[m
a'guwf matmifjrif\
h jzpfw,fqkd&if odw,f/ taetxm;udk olYywf0ef;usifrSm olodw,f/
udk,fa&;tusOf; tJh'g ÓPfxufw,fvdkUac:w,f/ b,fvdkwkefUjyefrvJqdk&if uav;udk
1966ckE SpfwGif &efukefwuúodkvfr S pdwf 'Duaersuaf pmif;xkd;vdku&f if olodoGm;NyD/ wcsKdUuav;awGuawmh atmfrS?
aigufrS/ wcsKdUuav;awGusawmh ½dkufwmawmifrS xkHayayeJU jzpfaewwf
ynm0dZÆmbGUJ tm; &&dSco hJ nf/ 1970 ckESpfwiG f
w,f/ 'gayr,fh tJh'D[mawGu aumif;wm? raumif;wmr[kwfbl;/ tm;
r[m0dZÆmpdwfynmbGt JU m;&&SdchNJ yD; MopaMw;
vHk;[m vdkovdk jyKjyifoGm;vdkU&w,f/ arG;vmwuwnf;u rdrdudk,fwkdif
vsEkdif odkY udkvrfbdk pDrHudef;tpDtpOfESifh a&G;cs,fNyD;awmh vkyaf qmifwmudk e*dpk dwftaetxm;vdkUac:w,f/ wESpfcGJ?
ynmawmfoifoGm;a&mufchJonf/ 1974 ESpfESpfavmufqdk&if uav;uodvmNyD/ t&ifwkef;uawmh tareJUolcGJjcm;
ckESpfwGif r[mukcef; pdwfynmbGJUtm; t vdkUr&bl;/ wpfESpfcGJ? ESpfESpfavmufusawmh olupum;ajymwwfvmNyD/
aemuf MopaMw;vswuúodkvfrS &&Scd Jh onf/ pum;ajymwwfvmawmh 'gvkyfqdk&if rvkyfbl;/ tJh'DavmufeJU pw,f/
ukcef;pdwfynm yg&*lbGJUtwGuf tcsdefydkif; ]]bl;}}awGu trsm;BuD;jzpfvmNyD/ tJh'DtcsdefupNyD;awmh olu cGJjcm;vmNyD/
okawoersm;vkyfudkif&if;? wpfzufwGif cGJjcm;w,fqdkwm pum;uae cGJjcm;vmwm/ ukvm;xkdifeJU pm;yGJeJUvdkaygh/
ukcef;pdwfynm&SifwpfOD;taejzifh rl;,pf rcGJjcm;&if b,fvdkodEkdifrvJ/ tJh'DvdkcGJjcm;ajymwJhtcgusrS olodomEkdif
aq;0g;pGJaeonfholrsm;? &mZ0wfusL;vGef w,f/ pum;vHk;awG <u,fvmw,f/ pdwfxJrSm tqifhqifh? tqifhqifh
olrsm;tm; taemufMopaMw;vstpdk;&\ pOf ;pm;wmawGay:vmw,f/
ukcef;rsm;wGif ukoay;cJhyg\/ 2007 ckESpf pdwfutaESmuft,Sufjzpfwm? uoduatmifhjzpfwm? pdwfqdk;wm
wGif rm;a'ghwuúodk vfrS ukcef;pdwfynm wdkU? a'gojzpfwmwkdU tJh'gawGu tqifhqifhjzpfwm/ aemufpum;vHk;awG
ay:rlwnfNyD;awmh tawGUtMuHKudk pum;vHk;eJUxdef;csKyfNyD;ajymwm/ tJh'D
yg&*lbJUt
G m;&&Scd ho
J nf/
vdkajymwJhtcgusawmh tJh'Dpum;vHk;awGudk,lNyD; pum;vHk;awGaMumifhyJ
pmrsufESm (5) okdU ...
PAGE - 2 SEPTEMBER 2009
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

t,f'DwmhtawG; ...
um0kdif;awmifwef;ay:u cGucf Gif;oHESihf yefqkdif;aw;
(u)
um0dkif;awmifwef;BuD;u jymrIdif;aom aiGESi;f jrLwdYk\atmufü ndKUndKU
qkdif;qdkif; ...? rIdif;rIdif;rIH&nfqJ .../
erfhcacsmif;i,fu ESif;cg;wkdYtm; pkdUaomuf&if; awmifndKrIdif;rsm;
tMum; &pfacGa0SY0Idufí pD;qif;qJ .../
oHvGifonf wdbufukef;ajrrS c&D;pí ]0}e,ftm;jzwfcg &Srf;ukef;
ajrjrifhrSonf yifv,f0qDodkY uqkefpkdif;í jrif;½dkif;wpfaumiftvm; t[kef
ESifhckefaygufum pD;qif;qJ .../
va&mif&Gef;vJhaomn .../ um0dkif;awmifwef; jrLESifhva&mif a&m
,Sufaomn .../ wpfa,mufvuf? wpfa,mufcsdwfqufum wvif;ajymif
ajymifüvSnhyf wfí ]0}aw;csif;tm; oDusL;Mu\/ acgif&nftm; pkyfMu\/
acgif&nfu csKdí &Sww/ um0kdif;\ &Sefydef/ vSnfhí? 0Idufí uckef&if;
a&mifeDtm;BudKMu\/
tESpf ESpfq,fvHk;vH;k um0dkif;onf? erfhconf? oHvGifonf þjzpfpOf
twGif; ai;armí tdyfarmusaecJh\/ rvIyf&Sm;? rykyfyGonf taoaumif

... um wG ef ; ...
wpfaumiftvm;/ tdk ...ukefvGefcJhonfhtcsdefrsm;u/
(c)
trsKd;om;a&;[lonfEiS fh 'Drdkua&pDta&;? wkdif;&if;om;ta&;? jynf
axmifpw k nfaqmufa&;wkdYu OD;pGmay:ívmonf/ trsK;d om;a&;jyóemtm;
ordkif;c&D;&SnfBuD;twGif; tajz&SmcJhMu\/ enf;vrf;BuHcJhMu\/ aoG;om;
wkdYESifh &if;cJhMu\/ touf0dnmOftm; ay;qyfcJhMu\/ taxmiftaomif;/
1351 ckESpf? ESpfqef;p&ufrsm;rSmyif jrefrmjynf\ ta&SUajrmufa'o
&Sd vufeufudkit f zGJYtpnf;rsm;tm;vHk; ppftkyfpkESifh typftcwf&yfpJvdkuf
Mu\/
trsKd;om;a&;tajztm; ppftkyfpkESifhvufwGJNyD; vSefavSmMunfhMu\/
trsKd;om;nDvmcHtwGif; &Sm\/ zGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya'twGif; EIdufMunfh\/
tqH;k wGifrl rdrdwdkY\vufeufudkifwyfrsm;tm; ppftkyfpk\ umuG,f
a&;OD;pD;csKyf vufatmufokdYoGwo f Gif;&ef awmif;qdkjcif;udkom cHMu&awmh
\/ wyfESihyf gwDtm; cGJjcif;jzpfonf/ wyfr&Sad om ygwDtwGuf avQmufvSrf;
p&m trsKd;om;EdkifiHa&;vrf;aMumif;u zGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya'opf[lonf
wGif u r&Sd .../
(*)
2009 ckESpf? Mo*kwfv (21) &ufaeYwGif jrefrmjynfjidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh
'Drdkua&pDwyfOD; (MPDF) wyfaygif;pktm; zGJYpnf;vdkufMu\/ typftcwf
&yfpJxm;Muonfh MNDAA?UWSA ?KIO? NDAA wkdY wyfaygif;pkwGif yg0ifMu
\/ oabmwlpmcsKyfu &Sif;\/ wpfzGJYzJGUESifh wkdufvQif tm;vHk;jyefíwkduf
&ef/ csif;a&Ta[mf? erfhwif? &efvefusKdifwkdYü wkdufyGJrsm;jzpfíaeonf/
aejcnfatmufü um0dkif;awmifwef;BuD;u jymrdIif;írae/ aejcnf
aMumifh vif;vufí0if;yaeonf/
um0dkif;awmifwef;BuD;rsm;ay:rS cGucf Gif;oHtm;Mum;&\/ yxrwGif
rl oJhoh/J wkd;wkd;n§if;n§if;/ NyD;vQif wkd;&mrS us,fvmrnf/ oJhoJhrS yDyDoo
jrnf[D;ívmrnf/ cGufcGif;oHESifhtwl yefqkdif;aw;oHu oHvGifa&pD;ESifh
pkefíqif;vmavrnf/
+++

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 3
INTERVIEW & JOKE
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

Oyrmtay;aumif;wJhazaz
om;/ /]]azaz ...om;wkdYausmif;rSm reufjzefEkdifiHa&;taMumif;oifr,fajymw,f/ EdkifiHa&;qdkwm
bmvJ/ om;em;rvnfbl; ...}}
taz/ / ]]om; oabmaygufomG ;atmif taz OyrmawGay;NyD;&Si;f jyr,fav/ azazu aygifrek Uf awG0,f
vmw,fqkyd gpkUd / azazhrmS aiGawG&dSaewJt h wGuf azazu t&if;&Si/f araru azazhrSm&SdwhJaiG
awGudk pDrcH efUcGaJ y;aevdYk olu tpk;d &tzGJY/ om;wdkUuawmh vkt
d yfwmawG jznfq h nf;ay;ae&vdkY
jynfolawG? tdrfazmfu awmh tvkyform;vlwef;pm;? om;&JUnDav;uawmh tem*wfaygh/
[kwfNyDvm;/ aemufwpfaeYreuf azazhudk jyefajymjy&r,fMum;vm;}}
om; / /]]usaemf odyaf wmhem;rvnfao;bl;/ 'gayr,fh nus&if aocsmpOf;pm;xm;vku d yf ghr,f/}}
xkn
d wGif om;jzpfoEl iS w hf pfcef;wnf;twltyd af eaomnDi,fav;rSm tdyaf e&if; qD;rsm;oGm;xm;ojzifh om;jzpfou
l rdcifuo
kd mG ;ac:onf/ rdcifjzpfolu
wacgacgESit fh dyfarmusaeonft h wGuf om;jzpfolu tdrfazmfxHxyfoGm;onf/ tdrfazmf\tcef;xJwGif olUzcifa&mufaeonfudk awGY&aomaMumifh
rEI;d awmhbJjyefvmonf/ aemufwpfaeUeHeufwGif zcifjzpfolu olOyrmay;oifxm;aom EkdifiHa&;taMumif;jyefar;&mwGif ...
om; / /]][kwu f Jh ...azaz tpk;d &u aumif;aumif;tdyfarmusaew,f/ t&if;&Siu f tvkyform;vlwef;pm;qDu tjrwfxkwfaeNyD;? jynfou l tul
tnDraJh ew,f/ tem*wfuawmh teHYqd;k awGxGufvkdY ..}}

txufom;eJU atmufom;
atmufom;wpfa,mufu rEåav;udka&mufvmawmh nbuftrd jf yefaemufuswJt h cg tdr&f iS af wGu rD;udo k wfxm;ESihfwhJtwGuf [kwd k;d 'Dwdu
k f
prf;prf;prf;prf;jzpf&owJh/ 'gaMumifh tdrf&SifawGudk rD;owfrxm;ESifhzdkUtaMumif;? ola&mufNyD;tdyf&m0ifrS owfr,fhtaMumif;rSmw,f/ tJ'Dawmh
tdr&f iS u f aumif;ygNyD/ 'gayr,fh rD;owfqdw k Jph um;tpm; rD;Ni§rd ;f vdYk yo
J k;H ygvkUd ajymowJ/h atmufom;u olwUkd txufrSm ‘owfqkdwmudk r*Fvmr&Sb d l;vdYk
,lqNyD; Nid§rf;qdw k Jph um;ajymif;oH;k wmxifw,fvdkY ,lqvdkuw f ,f/
wpfn tjyifujyefvmwJah tmufom;udk tdr&f iS u f b,fawGa&mufchJovJvdYk ar;awmh atmufom;u 'Dvdt k m;yg;w&ajzcsvdu k fw,f/ ]]vufa0SY
Ni§drf;yGJ oGm;Munfwh mav/ [m ..Muufawmifpnf;eJY vufa0SYNi§drf;orm;u nmvufeUJ aumfNyD;Ni§drf;vdu k fwm aoQmifxH;k eJY vufa0SYNi§dr;f orm; pif;pif;vJwmyJ/
qufukd rNi§drf;Edkifawmhbl;/ qufNi§rd ;f vnf; oly½J I;H rSmwJh/ olYpw
d fxJrSmu owfqkdwhJBud,mtpm; 'DrmS ji§drf;qdw k JBh ud,myJokH;w,fvkdY xifomG ;wmud;k /
'gu atmufom; txufa&mufvdYk jzpfwJyh kHjyif/ txufom;bke;f BuD; atmuft&yfa&mufvdYk vrk? vrJ?h vwm? v' (vif;w) wkYd udk jrif&?
Mum;&awmh 'D]v}qkw d Jph um;vH;k atmuft&yfrmS t,OfoH;k wJph um;yJvdYk xifNyD;? olvnf; t,OfoH;k vku d foH;k wm vqGrf;awGa&m? v'umawGa&m jzpf
ukeo f nf[k qk\ d /
www.myanmarhunks.blogspot.com

Zmwfum;½dkufjywfae&wmu bmaMumihfvJ/
Ref: a&TtjrLaw? pufwifbm 2009/
um;½dkufudpö rpOf;pm;rdwmMumygNyD/

Zmwfum;½dkuf rpOf;pm;bl;qdkawmh um;½dkufzdkY ajymxm;wJh xkwfvkyfa&;u Zmwfum;awG½dkufzdkY


rajymvdkYvm;/
uGßefawmf ½kyf&Sif? AD'D,dkawG½dkufcJhwm (4) ESpfavmuf&SdNyD/ oDcsif;awGrvkyfbJ Zmwfum;awG ½dkufcJhwm/
tJ'Dawmh oDcsif;udk Zmwfum;awG wpfESpfavmufr½dkufbJvkyfrS tqifajyr,fxifw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ
qdkawmh NyD;NyD;a&mjzpfoGm;vdrhfr,f/ Examplez tacGuvnf; MumaeNyD/ uGßefawmhftacGudkvnf; NyD;NyD;
a&m rjzpfcsifbl;/ tJ'DpdwfawG&SdaevdkY tcsdef,lNyD;vkyfaewJhoabmygyJ/

avmavmq,f urf;vSrf;xm;wJhZmwfum;awGudk jiif;rdaevm;/


r&Sdygbl;/ ½dkufzdkYajymxm;wmawG &Sdygw,f/

2009 ckESpf rukefcifrSm pD;&D;opfxGufEdkifatmifBudK;pm;aewJh xGef;xGef;u um;r½dkufjzpfjcif;u *DwtwGuf


tcsdefay;aejcif;aMumihfvkdYqdyk gw,f/ yGihf
vif;&moDrSm Examplez taeeJ Yvnf;
yGJawGqdkrSmjzpfovdk wpfa,mufwnf;
vnf;qdkrmS jzpfwJh xGef;xGef;u Mu,f
pifarmfuGef;½kyf&SifZmwfum;rSm yg
0ifo½kyaf qmifrmS jzpfygw,f/ 'g½dkuf
wm yef;csDpdk;rdk;½dkuful;NyD; 'g½dkufwm
atmifudkvwf uifr&mref;tjzpf wm
0ef,½l ukd fu;l r,hf ½kyf&iS u
f m;Bu;D jzpfygw,f/

PAGE - 4 SEPTEMBER 2009


A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

pmrsufESm (2) wckyJ,yfwifvdkuf tm;vHk;ysufoGm;a&mqdk

]
a'gufwmatmifjrifhESifhar;jref;cef;rS .. wm/ tJh 'D awmh tajctaeay:rS m rl wnf
cHpm;rIawGjyefNyD; touf&Sdvmw,f/ cHpm;rI w,f/ vlwkdif;bmjzpfvdkU qkdufudk;qpfAf rjzpf tajctaeay:rlwnfNyD;
udk pum;vHk;eJU csKyfNyD;awmhajymw,f/ udk,f vJaygh/ tJh'g ckeu usaemfajymovdkaygh/ t
cE©mrSm cHpm;rIawGjyefay:vmw,f/ ckeu ajctae ay:rlwnfNyD; wcsKdUvlawGuawmh wcsKdUvlawGuawmh
ajymovdk pdk;&drfylyefrIqdkvdkU&Sd&if udk,fcE©m xGufaygufawG&Sdw,f/ b,fvdkxGufayguf xGufayguf awG&Sdw,f/
wkefUjyefrIawGuae jyefay:vmw,f/ vJ q dk a wmh t&uf a omufw ,f / aq;pG J b,fvdkxGufayguf
w,f/ rk 'def;usifhw,f/ tdrfaxmif rSm t
ywf0ef;usifeJU aMumufpdwftaMumif; Murf;zufenf;awG&Sdw,f/ uav;awGa&m vJqdkawmh
y&uf&SmuGwfumvdk[mrsKd;ayghaemf/ cH rd om;pkawG rSmyg tMurf;ud kife nf; awG& Sd t&ufaomufw,f/
Ekdif&nfpGrf;tm;qdkwm MumvmwJh tcgMu w,f/ tJh'grsKd;u usaemfwkdU ajymavh ajym aq;pGJw,f/ rk'def;usifhw,f/
awmh xGufaygufudk&Smw,f/ pdwf"gwfus x&Sdwmu 'DaumifuuGm ynmrwwf bm
vmr,f/ pdwfusa&m*gjzpfvmr,f/ pdwfus rwwfeJU ADZav;uygvmwm/ ynmwwfwJh tdrfaxmifrSm
a&m*gjzpfwmMumawmh pdwfaESmufa&m*g ol a wG v nf ; tMurf ; ud k i f r I a wG & S d w ,f / tMurf;zufenf;awG&Sdw,f/
jzpfoGm;wwfw,f/ qdkuu f dk;qpfAfvk[
d m jzpf tMurf;udkifw,fqkdwm usaemfwkdU udk,cf E©m
oGm;r,f/ tMurf;udkifwmr[kwfyJ? rxdrawGUyJ aMumuf
uav;awGa&m
ywf0ef;usifqdkwm usaemfwkdU tck cif atmif Ncdrf;ajcmufvdkU&w,f/ aMumufpw d u
f rdom;pkawGrSmyg
Asm;eJU usaemfeJUpum;ajymaewJh ywf0ef;usif toHk;0ifwJhtydkif;u&Sdw,f/ aemufNyD;awmh tMurf;udkifenf;awG&Sdw,f/
udk? OyrmeJUay;&&if 'DuvlawGqdk&if tjyif toHk;r0ifwJhtjyif pdwfusef;rma&;? udk,f
xGuf&if udk,fhykcHk;&J Uaemufzufudk jyefjyef usef;rma&;udk zsufqD;wJhtydkif;awG&Sdw,f/
Munfhae&w,f/ b,fawmh ykvdyfzrf;rvJ aMumufpdwfudka zsmufzdkU u trsm;BuD;vdk zufuae jyefMunfh&r,fav/ igb,fvdk&Sdae
qdkwm tNrJwrf;aMumufae&w,f/aMumuf w,f/ wu,fwrf;usawmh tawG;acgifae vJaygh/ trSefyJav/ tjcm;bufuaeMunfh
pdwfu ½kd;½kd;aMumufpdwfawmif r[kwfbl;/ wJhtcgus&if tJh'DaMumufpdwfu udk,fhudk &if igt½IH;ay;vdkuf&vm;/ vufavQmhvkduf
½kd;½kd;aMumufpdwfqdkwm Highway um; oGm; tEÅ&m,fay;w,f/ tJh'DaMumufpdwfudk b,f &vm;/ tJh'g t½IH;ay;vkduf&w,fvdkU xif
aew,f/ igowÅd &Sd w,fuGqdkN yD; jzwfrS m [mu rSefwJhOpöm? b,f[m rrSefwJhOpöm a0 oGm;wm/ tJh'g tjrifrSm;aew,f/ ygVdvdk
r[kwfbl;/ tJh'grsKd;u ½kd ;½kd ;aMumufpd wf/ zefoHk;oyfoGm;wJh[mu Elx½dk;qpf rjzpfcif ajym&if ... tjrif/ tJh'D tjrifrSm;w,fqdkwm
toHk;0ifwJh aMumufpdwf/ rD;yvyfxJudkawmh udk,f hud k,f udk jyefMunfhwJh[mrsKd; ? Armvdk bmomjyefM unfh / ae&mwkd if; bmomjyef
vufnK§ ;d rxnfhbl;/ tck usaemfajymr,fh[m ac:&ifawmh owdw&m;&S&d r,f/ tJh'grsKd;&Sd&if Munfh/ Edkiif Ha&;rSmvnf; bmomjyefvkUd &w,f/
u vlaorSmawmhr[kwfbl;/ zrf;cH& r,f/ ydk aumif ;r,f/ aMumufp dwfu a':atmif vlrIa&;rSmvnf; bmomjyefvdkU&w,f/ tkyf
aemufNyD;awmh taESmuft,SufjyKcH&r,f/ q ef; pkM
u n fajymw Jh Free Dome for Fair csKyfa&;rSmvnf; bmomjyefvkdU&w,f/
ykvdy fawGz rf; rSmudk tNrJwrf; aMumufae& tJh'D[mu ola&;cJhwJhpmtkyfav;wpftkyfaygh
wmrsKd;/ tNrJwrf;aMumufae&w,f/rodr aemf/ olu ... r[kwfbl;aemf/ oljrifw,f/ pdwfoefU&Sif;a&;eJUyufoufvdkU
omeJU pdwfzdpD;rIcHae&wm/ 'DrSm usaemfwdkU jr,fw,f/ ta&;BuD;wJhpum;av; ]]aMumuf pdwfoef U&Sif ;a&;u t"d utcsufu
qDa&mufvmwJhol awGu Elx½dk ;qpfvnf; pdwfu usaemfwkdUvlUabmifudkzsufqD;wmyJ/ awmh owd&SdwwfzkUd yJ/ ckqdk&if usaemfwdkU (3)
rubl;/ aMumufpdwfay:rSm rlwnfNyD;awmh aMumufpdwfu vlUabmifaMumifh usaemfwdkU a,muf xkdifNyD;awmhpum;ajymaew,f/t
tJh'grsKd;awGjzpfaewmyJ/ avmbeJU xdef;xm;&wm&Sdr,f/ igray;bl; jyifuxGufNyD;awmh MunfhvdkU&w,f/ olwdkU
ArmjynftaeeJUajym&if toufaorSm uGm/ 0dkif;jyD;awmhrvkyfbl;/ rQa0NyD;rvkyfbl;/ u b,fvdk,dkifaew,f/ olwdkUajymaewm
aMumufw,f/ aemufNyD;awmh rsufES mysuf ighudk,if gyJ ,lxm;r,f/ tJh'grsKd;u aMumuf awGu bmawGvJ/ usaemf ajymavh&Sdw,f/
rSmaMumufw,f/ tvSLaiGudk twif;xnfh pdwfaMumifh ...}} cifAsm;aeUwkdif; udk,foefU&Sif;a&;vkyfvm;/
ay;&wmrsKd;&Sdw,f/ vkyftm;awGudk twif; wcsKUd vlawG owÅ&d wSd ,fqkwd m aMumuf oGm;wkduf w,f? a&csKd;w,f? tdrfomoG m;
ay;&wmrsKd;&Sdw,f/ uav;awGukd ay:wmqGJ pdwfuwkefUjyefrIaMumifhaygh/ tjyifuaejyD; w,f/ pdwfoefU&Sif;a&;vkyfvm;qdkawmh? r
&if xnfhay;&wmrsKd;vnf;&Sdw,f/ aemufNyD; awmh tpGJtvrf;awGrSm usaemfwkdU tJh'D Arm vkyfuswmrsm;w,f/pdwfaMumifh udk,cf E©mu
awmh vGwfvGwfvyfvyf ajyma&;qdkcGifhr&Sd tpGJtvrf;? ArmtpGJtvrf;qdkwm? ArmvdkU v,yf&Sm;vdkU&wm/ pdwfuoefU&Sif;rIr&Sd&if
wmawGvnf;&Sdr,f/ tJh'grsKd;awG trsm;BuD; ajymvdkufwm tukefvHk;ygw,f/ wkdif;&if; tjyKtrleJU tajymtqdkawG? tawG;tac:
&SdaewJhtcgusawmh cHEkdif&nfu olUrSm t om;tm;vHk;ygw,fAsm/ ujym;awGygw,f awG tukefrSm;/ tJh'Dawmh ta&;BuD;w,f/
uefUtowf&Sdw,f/ cHEkdif&nfu wpfckav; Asm/ usaemf ,Ofaus;rIuaeNyD; uGef'D&Sif; Oyrmajym&&if tjyKtrlrS m;wmwck
yJ xyfNyD;awmhwkd;vkduf&if tJh'DcHEkdif&nfu vkyfxm;wmaygh/ tawGUtMuHKeJU tavht vkyfvdkufvdkU usaemfwkdU tzrf;cH&wJhtcgus
ysufoGm;a&m/ usaemfwdkU t*Fvdyfpum;rSm usifh&aewJhtcgusawmh vufavQmhoGm; &NyD vdkU&Sd&if tusKd;oufa&mufrIu igvkyw f mrSm;
&Sdw,fr[kwv f m;/ aemufqHk;aumuf½kd;av; vdkU olwdkUxifw,f/ olwdkUu tjcm;tzuf pmrsufESm (7) okdU ....

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE
PAGE--55
NEWS IN BRIEF
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

photo; google
t,lc0H ifa&;twGuf vkHjcHKa&;aumifpDrS pkHprf;a&;aumfr&Sizf JGŒpnf;&ef
a&SŒaersm; a':atmifqef;pk=unfESifhawG@qkH Edik if Ha&;tusO;f om;a[mif;rsm;u
vufrSwfa&;xdk; awmif;qkd
]]t,lcHudpöudk tNyD;owf
photo; google

aqG; aEG; cJhM uw,f/ a':atmif ukvor*¾ vkHjcKHa&;aumif wGif vufrSwfa&;xdk;awmif;qdk


qef;pkMunfu olxyfjznfhcsifwJh pDtaejzifh jrefrmEdik if t
H wGif; q,f xm;jcif;jzpfNyD; vkHjcHKa&;aumifpD
tcsufawGudk xyfjznfhygw,f}} pkESpfESifhcsDí usL;vGefcJhaom ]]vl 0ifEdkifirH sm;odkY csOf;uyfawmif;qdk
[k OD;ÓPf0if;uajymonf/ om;rsKd;EG,fudk qefYusifonfh &m oGm;rnf jzpfaMumif; od&onf/
t,lcHudk tacsmowfum Z0wfrrI sm;}} ESifhywfoufí pkHprf; jrefrmEdkiif üH Edik if Ha&;tusO;f
vmrnfhwywftwGif; &efukef a&;aumfr&Sifw&yf zJGYpnf;NyD; ap om; 2000 ausmfcefY zrf;qD;xdef;
wkdif; w&m;½Hk;odkY wifoGif;oGm; vTwfpkHprf;&ef jrefrmhEdkifiHa&;t odr;f xm;NyD; jrefrmh'rD ku d a&pDacgif;
Murnfjzpfonf/ usOf;om;a[mif; (88) OD;rS vuf aqmif a':atmifqef ;pkM unf
uef Y o wf p nf ; urf ; ES i f h rSwfa&;xdk; awmif;qdv k u
kd af Mumif; tm; ppftkyfpkrS trIqif axmif
ywfoufNyD; a&SUae OD;ÓPf0if; owif;&&Sdonf/ cs&ef BudK;yrf;aecsdefü ,ckuJhodkY
u ]]t&if (10) (c) eJYaewkef;u ppftpdk;& tkyfcsKyfonfh ESpf awmif;qkdjcif;jzpfonf/
rdom;pk pmawG zwfcGi fh&S dw,f/ aygif; (21) ESpftwGif; wzuf ]]vlawGaomif;eJYcsDNyD; q,f
a':atmifqef;pkMunfudk olr&JU pkESpfawGeJYcsDatmif 'DvdkusL;vGef
&efukefNrd KU wuúodkvf&dyf q&m0efeJY yHkrSefusef;rma&; ppf vmwmudk vkHjcHKa&;aumifpD&JU pkH
omvrf ; &S d a':atmif q ef ; pk aq;ay;cGifh&w,f/ a'gufwm prf;a&;aumfr&SifuazmfxkwfrSom
Munf xdef ;odr f;cHxm;&onfh wifrsKd;0if;eJY wvwBudrf aq; ppftkyfpt k aeeJY vlom;rsKd;EG,u f kd
aetdrfodkY ,aeY aeYvnfydik f;wGif ppfcGifh&Sdw,f/ tck tJ'D q&m0ef qefYusifwJh &mZ0wfrIawG usL;
a&SUae (4) OD;jzpfonfh OD;Munf udk ac:cGifhr&bl;jzpfa ew,f/ vGefw,fqdkwmudk ydkrdkcdkifckid frmrm
0if;? OD;ÓPf0if;? OD;vSrsK;d jrifhESihf tJ'gudku atmifqef;pkMunft twnfjyKEdik frmS jzpfw,f/}} [k Edkif
a':cifa|;<u,fwdkY oGm;a&muf ay: wif;usyfwJhoabmxm;&Sdae iHa &;tusOf ;om;a[mif;wOD;rS
um a':atmifqef;pk MunftrI w,f/ wif;usyfwJhtajctae zef qdkonf/
t,lcHtwGuf (2) em&DMumrQ aqG; wD;aew,f}}[k qdkonf/ ukvor*¾vkHjcHKa&;aumif
aEG;cJhMuonf/ pDtaejzifh ,cif ,l*dkqvm;AD;
,m;? &0rf'g? 'gzm (ql'ef) EdkifiH
umwGef; rsm;odk Y pkHprf;a&;aumfr &Sif ap
owf zdESdyfajz&Sif;jcif;cH&onfh Edkif vTwfí ]]ppf&mZ0wfrIrsm;ESifh vl
iH a&;tusOf;om;a[mif ;rsm;rS om;rsKd;EG,fudkqefYusifonfh &mZ
vuf&SdppftkyfpktBuD;tuJ Adkvf 0wfrIrsm;}}udk azmfxkwfta&;,l
csKyfrSL;BuD;oef;a&T\ "mwfykHay: cJhaMumif; od&Sd&onf/

*syef. jrefrmjynfqkdif&mrl0g' ajymif;vJrnfavm


twku d ftcH DPJ u *syefEkid if wH Gif ESpaf ygif; (50) ausmf tmPm&
chJaom vpfb&,f'Drku d &ufwpfygwDudk tEkdif&vku d faomaMumihf Ekid if wH
umenf;wl jrefrmhta&;vIyf&Sm;olrsm;u ay:aygufvmrnhf *syeftpk;d &
tzJYG opf\taetxm;ukd pdwf0ifpm;aeMujcif;jzpfonf/ *syeftvkyo f
rm;or*¾rS trnfrazmfvdkow l OD;u ]]tck wufvmr,ft h pd;k &udk jrefrm
jynfeJYywfoufNyD; rl0g'ajymif;vJay;zdkY usaemfwdkYawmif;qdkrSmjzpfyg
w,f/ a&G;aumufyJG tEkid &f acgif;aqmifawGGeJYawGYzkdY tpDtpOf&dSygw,f/
pD;yGm;a&;ydwfqdYk raI wGudk axmufcaH y;zdkY? jrefrmtpd;k &&JU tajccHOya'opf
udk vufrcHzkYd awmif;qdrk Smjzpfygw,f}}[k ajymonf/ NyD;cJo h nfh Zlvikd vf u
xdkif;Edkiif HwiG fjyKvkyfonhf tmqD,Ha'owGi;f aqG;aEG;yJG wufa&mufpOf
*syefEkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD; [D,kzd rl eD mumqkad e (Hirofumi Nakasone) u jref
rmEdkifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD; OD;ÓPf0if;ESihfawGYq kHNyD; a':atmifqef;pkMunf
tygt0if Edkiif aH &;tusO;f om;rsm;udk vTwfay;&ef? 2010 a&G;aumufyu GJ kd
vGwfvyfNyD; w&m;rQwpGmjyKvkyf&ef ajymMum;chJonf/

PAGE - 6 SEPTEMBER 2009


A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

0wfr_eftwGuf pmrsufESm (5) pdwfyg&*l a'gufwmatmifjrifhESifh awGUqkHar;jref;cef;rS ...


zkd;vjynfh. arG;ae@vufaqmif oGm;w,f/ oHa0*&wmrsKd;&Sdw,f/ tJh'usawmh tcsdefuaESmif;NyD/ qdkMuygpdkUAsm ...
ukvm;xdkifwpfckudk ajca,mufeUJ uefvkduf&if [dkbufudka&GUoGm;w,f/ acG;wpfaumifudk
photo; google

photo; google
ajcaxmufeJUuefvkduf&if wkefUjyefrI&Sdw,f/ acG;uatmfr,f/ wcgwavus&if acG;u
jyefudkufcsif udkufr,f/ tJh'Dvdk wkefUjyefrI&SdwJh[mudk odwmav;awG/

tkyfcsKyfa&;pHepfeJUpdwfa0'em qufpyfywfoufrI b,fvdk&SdEkdifovJ/


tmPm&SiftaeeJU udk,fhudk,fudk jyefNyD;xdef;csKyfaeawmh pdwfzdpD;rIu ydkNyD;awmh
yGm;rsm;vmw,f/ ukd,fhpdwfuae xGufNyD;Munfh&w,f/ igvkyfwmrsm; rSm;aevm;vdkU
rMunfhwwfwht J cgusawmh b,fvkdjzpfvJqkdawmh igvkyfwmyJtrSef/ tJh'gudk b,foel JU
jiif;ckefjiif;ckef wjcm;vl&JUudk,fxJudk xnfhrMunfhwwfbl;/ rMunfhwwfawmh pdwf'kef;
'kef;csNyD; rajymif;awmhbl;/ tJh'gawGu udk,fhudk,fudk awmfawmf'ku©ay;wm/
Mo*kwfv (10) &ufaeYuusif;ycJhonfh 0wfrIef tus,fMunfhr,fqdk&if vltrsm;BuD;udk igb,fvdktkyfcsKyfrvJ/ tJh'DvkdtkyfcsKyfwJh
a&T & nf \ arG ; aeY w G i f A k d v f c sKyf r S L ;BuD ; ajr;? tcgrSm tjrifu odyfNyD;awmhjyif;xefaewJhtcgusawmh udk,fhudk,fudk igvkyfEkdifw,f/
zkd;vjynfhu wagon um; vSvSwpD;tm; arG;aeY Ak'¨bmomtaeeJU jyefNyD;awmh Munfhvdkufr,fqdk&if avmb? a'go? arm[ tJh'DoHk;ck
vufaqmiftjzpfay;cJhonf[k owif;rsm;u arm[aMumifh igvkyfEkdifw,f/ a'gousawmh rjzpfjzpfatmifudkvkyfr,fuGmqdkNyD; avm
qkdygonf/ buta&;tBuD;qHk;yJ/ a'gou ajzvdkU&ao;w,f/ avmbaMumifh a'gojzpfvmwm/
]]pkdif;pkdif;ua&m arG;aeYvufaqmif bmawGay; igqdkwJhrmew&m;aMumifhyJ/ tJh'DrSm oHo&mvnfaewm/
cJhvJ}}[lonfharG;cGef;ukdrl 0wfrIefa&T&nfu xkwf tkyfcsKyfwJholu tmPmeJUtkyfcsKyfaewJhtwGuf zdpD;rIawGtrsm;BuD;jzpfvmw,f/
azmfajymMum;jcif;r&SdaMumif; owif;rsm;u qkd tJh'DuaeaygufuGJvmwwfw,f/ pdwf"gwfusvmwmawG jzpfvmw,f/ qdkufudk;qpfAf
onf/ jzpfr,f/ tJh'grsKd;usawmh jyefpOf;pm;NyD;awmh usaemfajymwJhOyrmu ae&mwkdif;rSm toHk;cs
vdkUr&bl;/ aemufNyD;awmh tJh'D&SdwJholawGukd b,fvkdtkyfcsKyfrvJ/ vlrSmu trsm;BuD;av/
wyfaygif;pk ppfonfwkd@ pdwfwdkwwfwJholvnf; &Sdr,f/ pdwfaumif;wJholvnf; &Sdr,f/ vlu taumif;tqdk;
ppftkyfpkpcef;wcktm; odr;f yku
d f ESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f/ tus,fcsJUajym&r,fqdk&if usaemfwdkU jrefrmh,Ofaus;rIrSm apwodwf
qdkwm&Sdw,f/ apwodwfqdkwJhae&mrSm apwodwf (52) ck&Sdw,f/ pdwfu a&vdkyJ t
a&mif r&Sdbl;/ yHkpHr&Sdbl;/ apwodwfqdkwmusawmh ta&mifxnfhw,f/ tJh'Dta&mifeJU
wckckajymae&if;eJU pum;vHk;ay:rlwnfNyD;awmh ‘cifAsm;uaeNyD;awmh tJh'grSefom;yJ/
photo; google

igeJU vufawGUusw,f/'gu rrSefygbl;/ tJh'g tvm;um;yg/ tJhta&mifav;awGxnfh


w,f/ tJh'Dta&mifXJrSm apwodwf (14) ckygw,f/ (14) cku rvkdvm;tyfwJh[mawG
avmbwdkU? a'gowdkUvdk[mrsKd;/ (52) ckxJu (14)ckom Negative ygw,f/ usefwJh[m
]0} jynfa oG;pnf;nDnGwfa&;wyfrawmf awGu Positive awG/ tEIwftydkif;awGyJ/ taygif;bufudk wkd;oGm;zdkUr&Sdb;l / tJh'Dawmh
csif;a&Ta[mf? erfhwif;ESifh &efvefusKdif rdwPm'dXdvdkjzpfaea&m/ udk,fhudk,fudk tkyfcsKyfwmyJjzpfjzpf? rdom;pkudktkyfcsKyfwm
a'ookH;ckwGif jrefrmjynfNidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh 'Drkd yJjzpfjzpf? &yf&Gm? NrdUe,f? wkdif;jynfudktkyfcsKyfwmyJjzpfjzpf rSm;,Gif;Muw,f/
ua&pDwyfOD; (MPDF) \wyfrsm;ESifh ppftkyfpk apwodwfudk jyifvdkU&wmaygh/ pdwu f sef;rma&;udkjyifovdkaygh/ pdwfusef;rma&;Mu
\ ppfqifa&;uGyfuJrXI mecsKyf puc (1) vuf awmh udk,fhudk,fudk aeUwdkif;pdwfusef;rma&;vkyf&w,f/ pdwfusef;rma&;vkyfNyD; pdwfMunf
atmufcHwyfrsm;tMum; wkdufyGJrsm;jzpfyGm;ae aewJhtwGufaMumifh Oyrm a&uefBuD;u Munfaeawmh atmufudkMunfhvdu k &f if bmawG
onf[k od&onf/ pcef;okH;ckteuf wckukd &SdovJqdkwmykvif;awG? EkdUqDcGufawGudk tm;vHk;jrifae&w,f/ a&aemufaewJhtcg
(MPDF) wyfaygif;pkwyfrsm;u odrf;ykduf&&SdcJh usawmh bmrSMunfhvdkUr&bl;/ tJh'gwaeUvHk;rSm tvkyfvkyf&if;eJU aemufwJhtydkif;awG
aMumif; owif;rsm;uqkdonf/ jref rmEkdif iH enf;enf;&Sdvmw,f/ naeydkif;Muawmh jyefMunfatmifvkyf&w,f/ tNrJwrf;vkyfEkdif
trsKd ; om; 'D r k du a&pDr [mrd w f wyf r awmf &ifawmh aumif;w,f/ tck usaemfajymwmu 'DrSmu 'gvkyfvdkufw,f/ oHa0*&w,f/
(MNDAA)? 0jynfaoG;pnf;nDnGwfa&;wyfr wcsKdU tESpf (20) avmufrS oHa0*&w,f/ enf;enf;aemufusoGm;NyD/ vufvGef ajc
awmf (UWSA)? ucsifjynfe,fvGwfajrmufa&; vGefjzpfwJhuu dö odpdwfu jyefjyifvdkU jyefjyifvdkU&w,f/ csufcsif;jyefjyifvdkU&w,f/tJh'g
tzGJU (KIO)? rkdif;vm;tzGJUac: trsKd;om;'Drkd pdwfoefU&Sif;aevdkU/ tJh'g t"dutcsufyJ/ bmomw&m;eJUrqkdifbl;/ bmomw&m;u
u&ufwpfr[mrdwfwyfrawmf (NDAA)? xkd (4) *dkufvkyfwm/ usaemf Ak'¨bmom OyrmtaeeJUajymwm/ Ak'¨bmomvnf; *dkufvkyfay;
zGJUaygif;í jrefrmjynfNidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh 'Drkdua& w,f/ c&pf,mefvnf; *dkufvkyfay;w,f/ rGwfqvifa&m? [dE´La&m *dkuv f kyfay;w,f/
pDwyfOD; (MPDF) tm; Mo*kwfv (21) wGif bmoma&;r,HkMunfwJholawGyJ vlrIa&;rodwJholawGudk *dkufvkyfay;wm/ bmom ,kH
zGJUpnf;aMumif; aMunmcsufwpfapmif xkwfjyef Munfp&mrvkdbl; .../
cJhonf/ +++

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 7
COVER STORY
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

]] ... a[mif;EGrf;wJh taqmufttHkawG


NzdKzsufypfzdkY ...
azmufjyefwJhvlwef;pm;awG
wdkufpm;ypfzkdY...
pkd;[ef aoG;rkefwkdif;wkdufcwfNyDav ...}}
(rGef;atmif\ aoG;rkefwdkif;oDcsif;rS)

Ä ta&;awmfyHkv ...
þvum; ta&;awmfyHkumv[lí
urÁnf;xdk;&rnfyif .../ vGefcJhonfh (21)
ESpf Mo*kwfvü jrefrmEkdfifiH
w0Srf;vHk;wGif tkyfpkd;rI qefYusifonfh
vlxkta&;awmfyHkBuD;rsm;jzifh jrefrm
ordkif;tm; a&;xkd;cJhMuonf/
vlxkordkif; jzpfonf/ zdESdyfoltm;
awmfvSefonfh vlxkwkdufyGJjzpfonf/ 1350
jynfh 'Drdkua&pD ta&;awmfyHkBuD; .../
ausmif;om;rsm;u ponf/
tvkyo f rm;wkYdygvm\/ v,form;wkdY raeom/
ygvmMu\/ &[ef;? oHCmrsm; vnf;
yg0ifMu\/ vlwef;pm;aygif;pHk? tvTm
aygif;pHkyg0ifvmMuonf/ tdrf&Sifrrsm;vnf;
raeom/ paumrsm;? i½kwfusnfayGUrsm;udkifí
ygcJhMu\/ aemufqHk; ... zdESdyftkyfpkd;ol\
zdESdyfa&;ud&d,mrsm;jzpfonfh vufeufudkif
wyfzGJYyif yg0ifvmcJhMu\/ jrefrmhordkif;ü
*kPfa&mifajymifonfh BuD;rm;aom
wkdufyGJBuD;jzpf\/ (26) ESpf cdkifNrJcJhonfh
jrefrmhqkd&S,v f pfvrf;pOfygwD
usqHk;cJh&onf/ ae0if;\ ae0if
csdefjzpfcJh\/ 'Drdkua&pDwHcg;tm;
wGef;zGifhEdkifcJhMu\/ rar h.../ (21)
ESpfMumcJhaomfvnf; ESvHk;om;twGif;
pGJESpfíaeqJ .../ taoG;tom;xJwGif
pD;arsmíaeqJ.../
vrf;rrsm;xuf
aoG;wkdYu rajcmuf
ao;/ usqHk;ol
tmZmenftaxmif
taomif;wkdY\t½dk; rsm;
u wGefíaeav
NyD/

PAGE - 8 SEPTEMBER 2009


COVER STORY
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

vGwfajrmufa&;wkdufyGJrsm;\tpu wGif yJcl;NrdKU\qifajczHk; aus;&Gmwpf&GmwGif


cJhonf/ xkdrS ... vGwfajrmufe,fajrodkYxGuf
1920 ausmif;om;oydwfu[lí ordkif; cGmcJhNyD; jrefrmEdkifiv rlvwef;jyausmif;q&mwpfOD;tjzpf tvkyf
H kH;qkdif&mausmif;om;rsm;
pum;qkd& rnf/ vufqif hurf ;ajy;yG JuJh odkY 'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD; (ABSDF) wGif &Jar vkyfudkifaeonf/ (8) av;vHk; yJcl;ta&;
vGwfajrmufa&;wkdufyGJtvHtm; tqifhqifh wpfOD;jzpfvmonf/ ,ckrl ... trsKd;orD;a&;
awmfyHkBuD;tm; OD;aqmifcJhonf/ tkwf½kd;eDeD
vufqifhurf;cJhMuonf/ vlYwefzkd;yDopGmjzifh &mvIyf&Sm;rIrsm;tm;aqmif&Guf&if; AGDtdkat
BuD;twGif;odkY ESpfBudrf0ifa&mufcJhonf/ ,ckrl
ordkif;wGif oljzwfoef;cJh&onfh ordkif;acwf (FTUB) wGif tzGJY0ifwpfOD;/ NyD;vQif ... jrefrm
jrefrmydkif;qdkif&m owif;axmufvnf; vkyf
rsm;ü tvHi,ftm; vSrf ;,lqky fudk if cJ hM u udkifae\/ owif;pmq&mwpfOD;jzpfívm; Edik fiH Edik fiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;or*¾\ 'kOuúX/
onf/ 1988 ckESpfxd .../ olESifh (8) av;vHk;taMumif; jyefajymif;í
rod .../ (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkBuD;twGif;
q&marmifokre (tkd;a0 OD;ñkdjr) u pum;ajymjzpf\/
rdrd\ tawGYtBuHKrsm;tm; jyefajymif;í ajym
tkd;a0*sme,fwGif ]]igum; rodEdkif}} trnf&Sd qkd&mü wdkwkdESifh&Sif;&Sif;yif ajymjyoGm;\/ ]]usaemfwkdY (5) &ufaeYrSm r[mapwD
aqmif;yg;wpfykd't f m;a&;cJhonf/ aqmif;yg; rSm tpnf;ta0;vkyfw,f/ tJ'DrmS wuúokv
]] ... usrwkdYNrdKUe,frSm 'D (8)av;vHk; d f
wGif 1920 ckESpf ausmif;om;oydwfacgif; tqifh ausmif;om;awG&,f txufwef;ausmif;
ta&;tcif;jzpfyGm;wmudk awGYBuHK&wm jzpf
aqmifrsm;ESifh awGYqHkxm;onfwkdYtm; azmfjy ygw,f/ ausmif;om;awG towfcH&w,f/ om;awG&,fygw,f/ blwmydkif;u rlqvif
xm;\/ 1920 ausmif;om;oydwfacgif; tJ'DvdkawG jzpfvmwJhtcgrSm usrpdwfu rcH
trsKd;om;ESpfa,mufu a~uG;aBumfoHawGeJY
aqmif OD;vlaz0if;ESifh awGYqHkxm;onfudk pm&Gupf mwrf;awGtwGufudk olwkdYwm0ef,l
r&yfEdkifbl;qkdwJh yHkpHawGjzpfvmw,f/ 'DvdkrsKd;
aumufEw k fazmfjyvdkonf/ xdktcsdefwGif OD;vl owfwmjzwfwmawG aoeufeJYypfoGm;wm w,f/ usefwJhausmif;om;awGu armfvNrdKif
az0if;onf touf (70) cefY&SdNyD/ OD;vlaz wuúodkvf? yJcl;aumvdyf? &efukefwuúokdvf?
awGudk awGY&ygw,f/ ppfwyfu 0ifvmNyDqdk
0if;u 1920ckESpf ausmif;om;oydwfaumif wmeJY vlawGu olwkdYudk *sifuvdeJY acsmif;
a&qif;wuúodkvfu ausmif; om;awGjzpf
pD (25) OD;tzGJYwGif yg0ifoljzpfonf/ OD;vlaz ypfwJholawG&Sw w,f/ tJ'D wuúodk vftqifh ausmif; om;
d ,f/ tJh'DvdkrsKd;awGjzpfwJhtcg
0if;u þodkYajym\/ ordkif;pum; .../ usawmh ppfwyfuvnf; ntcsdefrawmf xGuf wpfa,mufeJ Y txufwef;ausmif; om;ES pf
]]olwdkYacwfacgif;aqmif OD;bOD;rSpNyD; wJhoal wGawGY&if ypfowfvkduw a,mufudk tzG JYav;awGz GJYNyD ; yJcl ;rS m&S dwJh
f ,f/ b,fol
oydwaf umifpDtzGJY0ifwkdif;[m ajcmufypfuif; txufwef;ausmif; trSwf (1)? (2)? (3)?
yJjzpfjzpfypfvdkufwm jzpfw,f/ wcsKdUusawmh
r[kwfbl;/ 'gayr,fh tcsif;csif; tifrwef (4)? (6) awGudkcGJNyD; wm0ef,lMuzkdY wm0ef
tJ'DtcsdefrsKd;rSm aps;0,f wmrsKd;awG &SdMu
onf;cHavh&Sdw,f/ cGufapmif;ckwfrI tvsOf; cGJMuw,f/ txu (5) yJcl;NrdKUtjyifbufrSm
w,f/ pm;p&mr&SdvkdY qefxGuf0,fwm awG&Sd
r&Sdbl;/ tcsif;csif; odu©mxdef;odrf;EdkifcJhMu qdkawmh (5) udk usaemfwkdY wm0efray;awmh
w,f/ ppfwyfu bm&,fr[kwfbl; rJrJjrif&if
w,f/ 'gaMumifh uGJNyJaewJh *sDpDbDatu EkdifiH tukefypf/ tJ'Dvdk ypfwmcwfwmawG awGY&bl;/ usaemfwdkY aemufwaeY (6) &ufaeYus
a&;acgif;aqmifBuD;awGtay:awmif ausmif; wJhtcgusawmh owfrSwf xm;wJh ausmif;
w,f/ BuHK&w,f/ usrta&SYrSmyJ aooGm;wJh
om;MoZmvTrf;rdk;EdkifchyJ gw,f/ tifrwefpnf; om;awGu udk,afh e&m ud,
[m rsKd;awGawGY&w,f/ awGY&wJhtcg 'Dtay: k f0ifNyD;awmh toifh
urf;vnf; aumif;MuowJh ...}} apmifhaeMuw,f/ tJh'DtcsdefrSmyJ trSwf (3)
rSm usrcHjyif;wmjzpffw,f/ ppfum;awG bm
OD;vlaz0if;\pum;jzpfonf/ a0zefzdkY awGvmr,fqkd&ifvnf;yJ wckckvkyfcsifw,fausmif; om;awGuaeNyD;awmh armif armif
ESifh qifjcifzkdY[k ajym&rnfvm;/ aygh/ tJ'DumvrSm&SdwJh[mu *sifuvdaygh/
ausmfqdkwJh ausmif;om;wpfa,mufu reuf
NyD;vQif q&marmifokreu ... / *sifuvdeJUypfwmyJjzpfjzpf ausmufcJeJYayguf
(8)em&DavmufrmS yJ oydwpf arSmufzdYk BudK;pm;
... [kdacwf [dktcgu q&mOD;vlaz0if; w,f/ tJ'DrmS yJ ppfwyfu trSwf (1) &Jpcef;
wmyJjzpfjzpf wckckvkyfcsifwmrsK;d aygh/ 'DtxJ
wkdYu tcsif;csif; nDnTwfjyoEdkifcJhMuaomf uaeNyD; vHkNcHKa&;udk 0if,v
rSm yg0ifvmwmuawmh udk,fhnDtpfudkarmif l dkufw,f/ tJ'geJY
vnf; tjcm;acwf aemiftcgrsm;wGifawmh trSwf (3) ausmif;rSm oydwfarSmufzkdY tcuf
ESrvnf; bmrSjzpfvdkYr[kwfbl;/ udk,fhaqG
(igum; rodEidk f) aygh ... [lí a&;xm;\/ xm; tcJjzpfoGm;w,f/ tJ'geJY usaemfwkdY txu
rsKd;todkif;t0dkif;uvnf; bmrSjzpfvdkYr[kwf
awmh .../ udkif; ... usaemfhwkdYacwf usaemfhwdkY bl;/ usru tpkd;&0efxrf;&JUom;orD;vnf;(1) zufudk xGufcMJh uw,f/ trSwf (1) ausmif;
tajctaerSmaum (igum; rodEdkif) vm; .../ jzpfw,f/ 'gayr,fh rcHcsifpdwfaMumifh ygvm
udk a&mufwJhtcgusawmhvnf; &JawGu
MunhfMu&atmif .../ wmjzpfw,f ...}} ausmif;udk ydwfxm;vdkufw,f/ tJ'DrmS vlxk
rat;at;rmu (8) av;vHk; ta&; uvnf; ausmif;a&SYrSm tjynfheD;yg; a&muf
rat;at;rm vmMuNyD/ ausmif;0if;xJu ausmif;om;awG
awmfyHkBuD;twGif; olryg0ifvIyf&Sm;cJh&onf
rat;at;rmu 1988 ckESpf (8) av; udk usaemfwkdYac:xkwfwJhtcgusawmh (7-
rSm tjypfrJhonfh ausmif;olausmif;om;awG
vHk; ta&;awmfyHkBuD;twGif;ü txufwef; udk tmPmydkifwdkYu &uf&ufpufpuf ypfcwf
8) wef; ausmif;om;av;awG xGufcsvmMu
ausmif;olwpfOD;jzpfonff/ '*Hk (t.x.u -2) owfjzwfaeonfudkawGYjrifNyD; rcHr&yfEdkijf zpf
w,f/ NyD;awmh (4) a,mufwpfwGJ wef;pD;NyD;
rSjzpf\/ aeawmh awmifOuúvmyrSmaeonf/ vdyfjymuef (29) vrf;udk oGm;Muw,f/ vdyf
vmum ]]rcHcsifpdwf}}wpfckwnf;aMumifh yg
ArmEkdifiHvHk;qkdif&mausmif;om;or*¾ tzGJY0if 0ifcJhwmyg[lí ½dk;½dk;yifajym\/ jymuefa'gifhrSm um;wpfpD;&w,f/ um;u
wpfOD;taeESifh ycHk;ay:a&mufvmaom ordik f; bk& m;av;u usm;BuD ;armif q d kw J h um;/
acwf\wm0eftm; xrf;ydk;cJhonf/ NyD;aemuf udkoufEkdif tJ'Dum;eJY usaemf&,f? xGef;vif;&,f t
vlYabmifopf'Drkdu&ufwpfygwDokYd 0ifa&muf udkoufEdkifu yJcl;ujzpfonf/ 1988 xuf w ef ; ausmif ; om; (14) a,muf
NO 1,
(3)VOLUME
VOLUME- -31 PAGE
PAGE -- 99
COVER STORY
AA U
U SS TT RR AA LL II AA N
N BB U
U RR M
M EE SS EE CC O
O M
M M
M U
U N
N II TT YY JJ O
O U
U RR N
N AA LL

avmuf&,feJY wufMuNyD; trSwf (6) ausmif; awmh? ausmif;om;awGygw,f/ q&m? q&mr ]]usaemfwdkYNrdKUu wjcm;NrdKUxuf xl;
udk oGm;Muw,f/ trSwf (6) ausmif;udk a&muf awGygw,f/ NrdKUrd? NrdKUzawG awmfawmfrsm; jcm;wmu ppfwyfrsm;w,fav/ wyf&if;u
awmh ausmif ;wHc g;awG yd wf xm;w,f / rsm;ygw,f/ aemuf usaemfwdkY 'Drif;ukef; (5) &if;? wyfrXmecsKyfu (1) ck/ aemuf
trSwf (6) ausmif;om;awGeJY txu (3)? ausmif; wkd ufu q&mawmf BuD;u oydwf uypvdkYac:wJh umuG,fa&;ypönf;xkwfwJh
(1) wdkY&J h tajctaeawGudk ajymjyw,f/ aumfrwD&JUem,utjzpfygw,f/ q&mawmf wyfayghav/ qdkawmh wyf&if;awGyJ (7) &if;
ausmif;0if;xJu ausmif;om;awG NcHpnf;½kd; BuD;udk,fwkdifu yg0ifNyD;awmh a&SUuaeNyD; pmavmuf&Sdw,fav/ usaemfwkdYNrdKUe,fwpf
udkausmfNyD ;xG ufvmMuw,f/ ausmif;om; awmh OD;aqmifOD;&GufjyKNyD; 'Doydwfudk OD; ckwnf;rSmyJ/ aemufygwDaumifpDvnf; BuD;
awGrsm;awmh um;u rqHhb;l / tJ'geJY aemuf aqmifcJhwmjzpfw,f/ tJawmh usaemfwdkYNrdKU pdk;w,f/ ygwDaumifpDeJY ppfwyfuBuD;pdk;awmh
[D;Edk;wpfpD;udk usaemfwdkY xyfNyD;tultnD rSmu aoG;xGufo, H dkr&Sdbl;/ aemufNyD; usaemf usaemfwdk Y vIyf& Sm;rIvky fz dkYqdkwmu awmf
awmif;w,f/ tJ'Dum;ESpfpD ;eJY bk&m;vrf; wkdY tkkyf csKyfa&;tm;vHk;udk wm0ef,lw,f/ awmfawmh cufwmaygh/ tJh'DMum;xJuaeNyD;
twdkif; csDwwfcJhw,f/ um;aemufrSmvnf; aemuf usaemfwdkY NrdKUu v,f,mvkyfief;udk awmh usaemfw d kY (8) av;vHk ; umvrS m
ausmif;om;awGudk vlxkawGud k ygvmMu tajccHwJhNrdKUjzpfawmh v,form;awGudk,f oydwfBuD;ay:atmif usaemfwdkYu BudK;pm;
w,f/ tJ'DrSm yJcl;jrpfwHwm;&JUtv,fvnf; wkdif NrdKUay:wwfNyD; qE´jyMuwJhtqifhxdjzpf pnf;½kH;&wmaygh/ pawmh tawGYtBuHK&SdwJh
a&mufa&m usaemfwdkYukd &Jta,muf (30) w,f/ tJh'Dawmh usaemfwdkY NrdKUrSmu qefawG vlBuD;awGaygh/ usaemfwdkYoxHkrSm EkdifiHa&;
avmufuaeNyD;awmh awmufavQmufypfw,f/ tcuftcJjzpfvmwJhtcgrSm vlxkudk ay;a0 orm;a[mif;awG? (62) ckESpaf usmif;om;awG?
ypfawmh usaemfhta&SUum;ay:u ausmif;om; Edkifw,f/ NrdKUtkyfcsKyfa&;udk aumif;aumif; [dkt&ifacwf zqyvacwfu Edkiif Ha&;vkyfcJh
awG wvdrfhaumufauG; jyKwfusukefMuw,f/ rGefrGefvkyfEdkifwm&Sdw,f/ tJh'gaMumifh bmyJ wJhvlawGayghav/ wcsKdUqdk&if tm&Stpnf;
usaemfwkYdvnf; a&SUqufoGm;vdkY r&awmhbl;/ jzpfjzpf atmifjrifwJh 'DaoG;xGufoH,dkr&SdyJeJY t½kH;xJrSmawmif ygcJhw,fav/ tJ'Dvdk yk*K¾ v d f
tJ'Duae vrf;ab;udkuyfNyD; taemufudk 'DoydwfaumfrwDuyJ tkyfcsKyfEdkifwJh 'DqE´jyrI awGu tBuHay;Muw,f/ usaemfwdkYudk 'Drdk
jyefqkwfajy;&w,f}} udk vkyfEdkifw,fvdkU ...}} ua&pDEkdifiaH wmfwpfckrSm oydwfarSmufvdkY&d&S if
udko'H kwfu ausmufqnfoydwfaumf &Jpcef;udkvnf; taMumif;Mum;w,f/ tkyf
udkoH'kwf rwDwGif oHCmawmf q&mawmfBuD;rsm; q&m? csKyfa&;tzGJYawGvnf; taMumif;Mum;w,f/
udko'H kwfu ausmufqnfujzpfonf/ q&mrrsm;ESifh NrdKUrd? NrdKUzrsm; yg0ifMuonf/ 'DrSmu ppfwyfu vTrf;rdk;w,fqkdawmh ppf
(8) av;vHk; ta&;awmfyHkBuD;twGif; yg0if þoydwfaumfrwDu ausmuf qnfNrd KU\ wyfudkvnf; taMumif;Mum;vdkuf? pm&Guf
cJhNyD; ausmufqnfNrdKU oydwfaumfrwDwGif tcsKyft jcmtmPmrsm;tm; odr f; ,l xm; pmwrf;qkd&if usaemfwdkYu w&m;0ifxkwfNyD;
yg0ifcJhonf/ oydwfacgif;aqmifwpfOD; .../ EdkifcJhNyDjzpfonf[k qkdonf/ xkdpOfu ... jrefrm awmh aMujimcsufawGxkwfNyD;awmh pvkyf
,ckrl ... jrefrmEdkiif Htvkyform;aoG;pnf; nD EdkifiH\ NrdKUe,ftqifhrSpí atmufajctqifh awmhwmyJ/ (8) av;vHk; naeavmuf aMu
ñTwaf &;tzGYJwiG f wm0ef,laqmif&Guaf eonf/ toD;oD;wdk Yü tmPmoHk;&yf tm; vlxku jimcsufxk wfvd kuf awmh atmfypfvd kufw Jh
ol\&k;H cef;twGi;f rSmyif udkoH'kwfEiS hf (8) av; odrf;ydu k Nf yD;jzpfonf/ odkYaomf ... rodrf;EdkifchJ toHcsJUpufeJY ausmif;om;vli,fawG qE´jy
vHk;ta&;awmfyHkBuD;taMumif; jyefajymif;í onfu ... EdkifiHawmftmPm .../ taMumif; vdkufygNyD? oydwfarSmufvdu k fygNyDqdkwm/ (9)
ajymjzpfMuonf/ um; .../ q&m armifokre\ pum;twkdif; &ufaeYrSm pifay:wwfNyD;a[mwJhtqifh jzpf
]]txufArmjynfrSmjzpfwJh qE´jyrIawG (igum; rodEdkif) [lí .../ oGm;w,f/ pm;yGJ av;wvHk; rd kuf cG ufav;
xJrSm usaemfwkdY ausmufqnfNrdKUuvnf; yg wvHk;axmifNyD;awmh pa[mwmaygh/ a[m
0ifqE´jywJhtxJrSm atmifjrifwJhNrdKUvdkY? 'gu udkodrf;qef; awmh vlxkuaeNyD; axmufcHwmaygh/ tJh'Dvdk
usaemfoHk;oyfwmr[kwfygbl;/ awmfawmf udkodrf;qef;u rGefjynfe,f oxHku a[mNyD;wJhtcgMuawmh vlxku pDwef;vSnfh
rsm;rsm; oHk;oyfMuwmyg/ tJawmh bmaMumifh jzpfonf/ 1988 ckE Spf wGif armfvNrdKUif vnfwJhtcg usaemfwkYd rsupf dwqHk;yJ usaemf
'Dvdkjzpf&vJ/ usaemf 'DausmufqnfNrdKU&JU qE´ wuúodkvfwGif pmay;pm,loifwef;wwfí wdkYu pxGufwJhtcsdefwkef;u usaemfrSwfrd
jyNyD; tmPmodrf;wJhtxd ausmufqnfNrdKU aeonf/ ordkif;bmomt"dujzifh 'kwd,ESpf oavmuf vlod yfr&Sdbl;/ enf;enf; vdk uf
tkyfcsKyfa&;tm;vHk;udk usaemfwkdY oydwfaumf oifwef;wwfa&mufqJ .../ (8) av;ta&; vkduf&muae usaemfNrdKU&Jhajrmufbufudk us
rwDuyJ wm0ef,lygw,f/ b,favmufxd awmfyHkB uD;twGif ; oxHkNrdKUü wwf~uGp Gm aemfwdkYxGufwJhtcgusawmh vdyftif;qdkwJh
oydwfaumfrwDu wm0ef,l&vJqdk&if v,f OD;aqmifcJholwpfOD;jzpfonf/ 1988? puf &yfuGufa v;&S dw,f/ tJh 'Dudka&mufw,f/
orm;awGudk "gwfajrMoZmay;wmawGutp? wif bmv (18) &uf ppfwyfrS tmPmodrf; tJh'Dudk a&mufawmh usaemfjyefvSnfhMunfh
oydwfaumfrwDu wm0ef,lNyD;awmh usaemf NyD;onfhaemuf vGwfajrmufe,fajrodkY xGuf vdu k w
f t hJ cgrSm vlxuk rsupf dwqHk;yJ/ wu,f
wdkY 'Dv,fpdkuf&Sif;wkdY? pdkufysK;da&;Xmetvkyf cGmcJhonf/ NyD;vQif ... jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qkdif&m vnf; tm;&p&maumif;w,f/ tJ'Dtajc
awGutp tukefvHk;wm0ef,w l ,f/ tkyfcsKyf dk &ufwpfwyfOD; (ABSDF)
ausmif;om;rsm; 'Dru taea&mufoGm;w,f/ qdkvdkwmu usaemf
w,f/ aemufwpfck&Sdwmu 'D*dak 'gifawG qef tm; zGJYpnf;cJhMuonf/ xkdrSonf ,aeYwkdif wdkYausmif;om;vlenf;pkuaeNyD;awmh jynf
*dak 'gifawGukvd nf; usaemfwdkY oydwfaumfrwD (ABSDF) \ &JabmfwpfOD;taejzifh ol\ olvlxkoydwfB uD; udk atmifj rif atmif t
uyJ wm0ef,ltkyfcsKyfw,f/ aemufNyD; usaemf ordkif;acwfBuD;wGif olYordkif;tm; a&;xkd;í aumif\txnfazmfvkdufEdkifw,faygh...}}
wkdY oydwfaumfrwDrSm b,folawGygvJqdk aeonf/ udkodrf;qef;u ausmif;om;vlenf;pk

PAGE
PAGE -- 10
10 SEPTEMBER 2009
COVER STORY
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

av;uOD;aqmifpcJhí vlwef;pm;aygif;pHkyg wkd YzGJ Yvdk ufEk dif wJhtaetxm;xd a&mufvm tdwaf wGudkxkwf,yl gw,f/ xkwf,lNyD;awmh
0ifwJh vlxo
k ydwfBuD;udk azmfaqmifEkdifcJhwm w,f/ tJ'v D yI f&Sm;rIaumfrwDrmS usaemfwkdYu aps;xJrSm tpdk;&aps;eJY vlxkudk a&mif;csay;
jzpfw,fvdkYajymcJh\/ vufawGYrS&aom o ausmif;om;a[mif;rsm;qdw k Jh yHkoP²mefeJY0ifNyD; ygw,f/ a&mif;&aiGawGudkvnf; pepfwuseJY
abmw&m;[k qkd&rnf/ vkyfuidk fMuw,f/ vkyfudkifMuNyD;awmhrS oydwf &yfrd &yfzawGqDrSm usaemfwdkY tyfxm;yg
BuD; BuD;vmwJhtcsdef usawmh tJh'DuaeNyD; w,f/ 'guawmhta&;awmfyHkBuD;twGif; vl
udkaiGvif; awmhrS rEåav;oydwfaumfrwDeYJ qufo, G f xktusyf twnf ;awGudk usaemfwdkYoydwf
udkaiGvif;u rEåav;wkdif;? arNrdKUujzpf NyD;awmh txufArmjynf oydwfaumfrwDxJ acgif;aqmifawGtaeeJY tqifajyatmif ajz
onf / 1974?75 ausmif ;om;vI y f& Sm;rI rSmaygif;pyfNyD;awmhrS ta&;awmfyBHk uD;[m tm; &Sif;ay;cJhwJh om"uwpfckyg}}
ta&;awmfyHkrsm;wGif yg0ifaqmif&GufcJhaom aumif;vmw,fvdkY usaemfajymEkdifw,f/ jrefrmEdkifiH\pyg;usnfjzpfonfh {&m
ausmif;om;a[mif;wpfa,mufjzpfonf/ 1988 usaemfajymcsifw,f/}} 0wDj rpf0uGsef;ay:uJhod kYaom a'owGifyif
ckESpfwGif olu wGJzuftxufwef;ausmif; jynfolwkdYonf iwfjywfíaeMuonf/ þ
q&mjzpfíaeNyD; (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkBuD; udkaomif;vIdif onfukd oydwfacgif;aqmifwdkYu ajz&Sif;ay;
twGif; txufArmjynfoydwfaumfrwDwGif udk aomif;vIdifu v,form;wpfO D; cJhMu&\/ vlxk\tcuftcJudk vlxk\acgif;
yg0ifcJhonf/ NyD;aemuf ... vlYabmifopf'Drdk jzpfonf/ {&m0wDwkdif;? t*FylNrdKUe,f xl;BuD; aqmifrsm;u ajz&Sif;ay;cJhjcif;yif/ xkdpOfu
u&ufwpfygwD (DPNS) tm; zGJYpnf;wnf wkduef ,fujzpf\/ (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmf tmPmydkifwdkYu rsufESmvTí J aeMuonf/ wkdif;
axmif\/ NyD;vQif ...tkw½f dk;eDeBD uD;twGif;odkY yH kBuD;wG if yg0ifcJh onf/ xl;BuD;wk dufe,f jynfudk cspfvSygonfhqdkonfh wyfrawmfom;
a&mufíoGm;jyefonf/ xkdYaemuf ... vGwf oydwfarSmufacgif;aqmifwpfOD; .../ ppfwyfrS rsm;uvnf; q&marmifokre pum;twkdif;
ajrmufe,fajrodkY xGufcGmcJh\/ ,ckrl ... vlY tmPmodrf;NyD;aemuf vGwfajrmufa'oodkY (igum; rodEdkif) [lí .../
abmifopf'Drdku&ufwpfygwDwGif wGJzuft xGufcGmcJh\/ jrefrmEdik fiv H kH;qkdif&m ausmif;
wGif;a&;rSL;wm0ef xrf;aqmifíaevsuf .../ om;rsm;'Drkdu&yfwpfwyfOD;wGif wyfzGJY0if &J udkcsrf;Nidr;f
olESifhol\½kH;cef;rSmyif awGYqHkcJh\/ (8) av; abmf .../ vufeufudkifwkduyf GJ tawGYtBuHK&Sd udkcsrf;Nidrf;u &efuk efwkdif; txu
vHk;ta&;awmfyHkBuD;taMumif; pum;pjrnf; onf/ vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf qE´jyívnf; (6) Adkvfwaxmif (pdefaygvf) ausmif;om;
ajymqkdjzpfcJh\/ olonf pum;tm; jznf; awmif ;qkd c Jh \/ vG wf ajrmuf a &;twGu f a[mif;jzpfonf/ 1988 ckESpfwGif (8) wef;
jznf;ESihf rSefreS fajym\/ yDyDoo .../ vufeufudkifívnf;wkdufcJh\/ NyD;aemuf ... ausmif;om;wpfOD;jzpfonf/ (8) av;vHk; t
]]usaemfwkdYuvnf; arNrdKUrSm&SdwJhtcsdef trsKd; om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJYcsKyf (vGwfajrmuf a&;awmfyHBk uD;wGif yg0ifchJonf/ ,ckrl qDG'if
Muawmh arNrdKUvlxkeJYusaemfwkdY 'D (8) av; e,fajr) zGJYpnf;onfhtcg tzGYJcsKyfodkY0ifa&muf EkdifiHü a&muf&Sdíae\/ olYtm; (8) av;
vHk;jzpfatmif BudK;pm;NyD;awmh vIyf&Sm;Muyg cJh\/ ,ckrl ... ta0;a&muf{&m0wDtzGJUwGif vHk;ta&;awmfyHkBuD;twGif; yg0ifcJhonfrsm;
w,f/ yxrqHk;jzpfwJhOpömuawmh acwfv,f em,uwpfOD;tjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifvQuf tm; tD;ar;vfjzifhqufoG,fNyD;ar;Munfh\/
pmoifwkdufqdkwm&Sw d ,f/ tJh'Dacwfv,fpm &Sdonf/ ta0;a&muf{&m0wD\ ½kH;cef;twGif; ]]Mo*kwfv (8) &ufaeY reufydkif; &ef
oifwu kd fu &[ef;oHCm (300) ausmf? (400) rSmyif olESifh awGYqHkcJh\/ olu olyg0ifcJhaom ukef Nrd KUtwGif; vSnf hvnfcsDwwfqE´jyae
avmuf 0gqdkwhJausmif;ygyJ/ tJ'Dausmif;u (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkBuD;tm; jyefajymif; Muaom NrdKUe,ftoD;oD;rS qE´jyoydwfppf
rEåav;ausmif;awGeJY tquftoG,&f Sdw,f/ í ajymjycJhonf/ aMumif;rsm;udk rdrdwkdY vufwGJazmf vli,f
&Sdawmh tJ'Dausmif;rSmyJ rEåav; rpdk;&drw f kduf ]]usaemfu awmifolv,form;wpf ausmif;om;wpfpku NrdKUawmfcef;rESifh r[m
opf&JUvIyf&Sm;rIpwJh yHkoP²mefrsKd;yJ/ tJ'DjzpfwJh a,mufyg/ awmifolv,form;wpfa,muf AE´Kvyef;NcHta&SYü pk½kH;Muap&ef vkdufvHEId;
ausmif;&JU tkwef H&HawGrSm? tkwfwHwkdif;awGrSm qdkawmh jym;jym;0yfae&wJhb0aygh/ tJh'D (8) aqmf ay;cJ hy gw,f/ pk½kH; a&muf& Sd vmMuwJh
eH&HuyfpmapmifawGudk usaemfwdkY pNyD;wif av;vHk ;ta&;awmfyHk BuD;jzpfvmawmh tm; vlxkppfaMumif;toD;oD;[m NrdKUawmfcef;r
w,f/ tJ'DpmapmifawGukd vlxku 0dkif;zwf&m vHk;uaeNyD;awmh qE´jyMuw,f/ qE´jywJh a&SYrSm pepfwusae&m,lNyD; txkdio f ydwwf yf
uaepNyD;awmhrS (8) av;vHk;udk usaemfwdkU tcsdefrSm usaemfu xl;BuD;a'o&JU acgif; pcef;BuD;udk pwifcJhygw,f/ NyD;wJhaemufrSm
tpjyKvdkuf&ygw,f/ tJ'DvdkeJY (8) av;vHk;&JU aqmifwpfa,mufjzpfvmcJh&w,f/ tJh'u D ae oydwfpcef;twGuf tpm;tpmeJY a&wkdYudk
yxraeY usaemfwdkY aeYvnf (1;00) em&Davmuf usaemfwkdY qE´awGjyMuwJhtcgrSm csD wwf &&SdzdkY usaemfwkdYvil ,fawG[m &efukefNrdKU &yf
rSm pvku d Ef ikd w
f ,fvkdY ajymEkdifygw,f/ (1;00) cJhMuygw,f/ ajym&r,fqd&k if 'DrSm pm;0wfae uG ufawGtvdku f wtdrf wwf qif; oG m;
em&Davmufuae pvkduNf yD;awmhrS tJ'Duae a&;u tukefiwfjywfNyD; usyfwnf;aew,f/ a&muftvSLcHcJhNyD; oydwfpcef;tm; axmuf
NyD;awmhrS usaemfwdkY 'DvlxkvIyf&Sm;rIBuD;[m xl;BuD;NrdKUe,fxJrSm &mZ0wfraI wG trsm;BuD; yHhay;cJhw,f/ tJh'DaeYwaeYvHk; oydwfpcef;
rEå av;ausmif;om;awG txl;ojzif hqkd&if jzpfvmw,f/ tJh'gawGukd oydwaf cgif;aqmif BuD;twGif; w&m;a[mpifrsm;rS w&m;a[m
awmh rEåav;wuúokv d af usmif;om;ESifh rEåav; awG[m NrdKUrd ? NrdKUzawGeJYaygif;NyD; enf;oGm; olr sm;ESi f h &maxmif csDa omvlx kB uD ;[m
NrdKUu &[ef;oHCmawGeJYyl;aygif;NyD;awmhrS OD; atmif xdef;odrf;ay;cJhMuw,f/ b,fvkdajz wwfMuGíaecJhygw,f/ naeae0ifcsed frSmawmh
aqmifvdu k fwJhvIyf&mS ;rIBuD;[m ydkNyD;awmh BuD; &Si;f vJqdkawmh oydwfacgif;aqmifawGeYJ &yfrd NrdKUawmfcef;rtwGif; wyfpGJpcef;csxm;aom
oxuf BuD;vmNyD;awmh odyfrMumcifrSmyJ &yfzawG[m usaemfwkdY NrdKUrSm&SdwhJ pdef&wem ppfwyfrsm; tajymif;tvJvkyfí ppfum;rsm;
vlxk&JUoydwfaumfrwDqdkwmrsK;d awG usaemf tpkd;&qefpufudkoGm;NyD; *kda'gifxJu qef pmrsufESm (25) okdU ...

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE
PAGE-- 11
11
NEWS IN BRIEF
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

pDtkdifat±_yfcJhor# pkHprf;ppfaq;&ef aiGpULa[mif;rsm; ukdifwG,fokH;pGJjcif;


orwnGef=um;& onf usef;rma&;ukdxcd kdufEkdif
Photo; google

taxG axGa &m*guk q&m tcg xkad iGpuúLa[mif;rsm;rS xGuf


0efwOD;u aiGpuúLrsm;tm; vuf vmonf h q,f v l v G K d u f o nf
ajymif;okH;pGJaejcif;onf ul;puf wDbDa &m*g? tpmvrf ;aMumif ;
a&m*grsm; jyefYyGm;&mwGif ykdrkdvG,f wGif jyóemrsm;jzpfjcif;? tpm
ulapEkdifaMumif; xkwfazmfí ajym tdrfa&mifjcif;? tqkwftajr§;yg;
Mum;cJhonf/ a&mifjcif; ponfh touftEÅ
aiGpuúLta[mif;rsm; ukdif &m,f xdc kd uf apaoma&m*grsm;
wG,fNyD;vQif a&m*gykd;ul; pufrI jzpfay:apEkdifaMumif; od&onf/
rcH&atmif vufukd qyfjymjzifh pif +++
Mu,fp Gmaq;aMumoifh aMumif; ?
pDtkdifatrS zrf;qD;xm;onfh tusOf;om;rsm;tm; vlrqef txl;ojzifh om;pd rf ;? ig;pd rf ;
pGmjyKrlcJhrIrsm; &Sdr&Sd pkHprf;ar;jref;&ef tar&dueforw bm&wf onfrsm;jyeftrf;onfh aiGpuúL
tkdbm;rm;u cGifhjyKvkduf&NyDjzpfonf/ &mZ0wfrIpkHprf;a&;tzGJU
rsm; a&wG uf &mwG if vuf uk d
wckukd pDtkdifattzGJUBuD;\ jynfwGif;vkHjcKHa&;taMumif;jyNyD;
ravsmfruef ESdyfpufn§if;yef;rIrsm; jyKvkyfcJhonfqkdaom owif; wHawG;qGwo f nfh tavhtxtm;
rsm;twGuf ppfaq;azmfxkwf&ef oD;oefYwm0efay;tyfvu kd o
f nf/ a&S mifM uOfoif ha Mumif; tqkdy g
Source; Yahoo q&m0efu tMuHjyKxm;onf/
a[mif ; EG r f; aeaom aiG
tPa&;AkH;=uw
J du
k fckdufr_ puúLrsm;ukd ukdifwG,fokH;pGJonfh

ygvufpwkdif; okH;OD;aoqkH; ukd,f[efjyr,f


umwDum qm&D0D±SLumEkdonf
bD,maomufojzifh }udrf'%fcH&
[kdw,fEkdufuvyfwcktwGi;f t&ufaomufchJjcif;aMumifh Budrf
'PfuscH&rnfjzpfNyD;? Budrf'Pfonf a,musfm;om;rsm;cH&onfxuf
avsmeh nf;rnfjzpfaMumif; tpkd;&a&SUae qkdizf lvftD'[rfqm[DrDu ajym
Mum;cJhonf/ ]]t"du &nf&G,fcsufu tpövmrfOya'ukd av;pm;vkduf
Photo : Reuters

emwwfzkdYtwGuf ynmay;csif½kHoufoufygyJ}}[k qm[DrDuqkdonf/


½IumEkdonf Mo*kwfv (24) &ufaeYrSpNyD; trsKd;orD;tusOf;axmif
wckwGif wywfrQoGm;ae&rnfjzpfum xkdwywftwGif; tusOf;axmif
ygvufpwkdi f; &S d aq;0ef ywfrsm;twGif tpa&;ESifh *gZm tmPmykdifrsm;u olr\Budrf'Pf
xrf;rsm;u *gZmurf;ajr§mifESifh urf;ajr§mifukd xdef;csKyfxm;aom twGuf twnfjyKaeY&ufukd owf
tD*spfEkdiif HMum; OrifvIdiaf cgif;w [m;rwfpfppfaoG;<u rGwfqvif rSwfomG ;rnfjzpfonf/ rav;&Sm;
ckukd tpa&; ppfbufav,mOf tpGe;f a&mufwyfzGJUrsm; xdyfwkduf EkdifiHwGif Budrf'Pfay;jcif;onf
Photo : www.Planet.com

wpif;u Mo*kwv f (25) &ufaeY awGUqkHrI avsmhenf;aecJ haomf wifyg;ukd tjyif;txef½kdufESuf


wGif AkH;MuJcJh&m vIdifacgif;twGif; vnf; ,cktcg wausmhjyef ypf jcif;jzpfNyD; t½kdufcHojzifh 'Pf&m
ydwfrd aeonfh vlr sm; aoqkH ;cJ h cwfrIrsm; ay:aygufvmcJ hNyDjzpf rsm; ao&mygatmif usef&Sd ae
aMumif; ajymMum;cJhonf/ 'Pf onf/ wwfaMumif ; tusOf;axmif0ef
&m&ol trsm;tjym;vnf; &SdcJh Source; WashingtonPost xrf;wOD;u ajymMum;cJhonf/
aMumif; od&onf/ ,ckoDwif; Source; Mailonsunday

PAGE - 12 SEPTEMBER 2009


NEWS IN BRIEF
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

a'gufwmrma&; rkdufu,f*sufqiftm;owfrj_ zifh Armujym;


pGJcsufwifcH&zG,f&Sd +Aw
d ed rf if;orD;
2001 ckESpf u ½kHwifcJh

Photo : google
onfh Pearl Harbor ½kyf&SifwGif
beftJz vufESifh a*smh&S f[m;
eufwkd YMum; Asmrsm;cJh& onfh
ol emj yKq&mrav; tjzpf
ykdif EkdifpG mo½kyfaqmifcJhonfh
udwf\ tbkd;awmfolrSm Arm
wOD;jzpfonf/ udwfu ]] uRef
ri,fi,fu ta&S Uwkd if ;ole JY
Photo : AFP

t&rf;wlygw,f}} [kqkdonf/

avmhpftdef*svdpf aq;0g; rku


d fu,fonf ¤if;\aemuf tjcm;trsKd; tpm; pdwfN id rf aq;
tqdyfoifhrI prf;oyfXmeu rkduf qkH;tcsdefrsm;wGif tdyfr&onfh t rsm;ukd (2 ; 00) em&DwiG f wBudrf?
u,faoqkH;rItwGuf oufao ajctae MuHKawGUvm&NyD;aemuf (3 ; 00) em&D? (5 ; 00) em&DESifh
taxmuftxm;rsm; &SmazGcJ h&m q&m0eftm; tultnDawmif;cHchJ (7 ; 30) em&DwkdYwGif wBudrfpD
aoapavmufaomyrmP&Sdonfh ovkd aq;0g;tuefYtowfr&Sd ay; ay;cJhao;aMumif;/ xkdYaemufwiG f
Propfol aq;0g;rsm; ¤if;\aoG;t cJhonf[k owif;rsm;uqkdonf/ eHeuf (10 ; 40) xd tdyfraysmf

Photo : google
wGif; xkd;oGi;f xm;aMumif; azmf a'gufw mrma&;onfh eH Ekd if jzpf aeaom rk du fu ,f tm;
xkwfEkdifcJhNyD; tjcm;aomaq;0g; euf (1 ; 30) em&DwGif wBudrf q&m0efu Propfol (25) rDvD*&rf
rsm;vnf; okH;pGJxm;aMumif; od&Sd Valium aq;ay;cJhaomfvnf; rkduf xkd;oGif;ay;cJhaMumif; owif;&&Sd
&onf/ u,fonf rtdyfao;aomaMumifh onf/ Photo : google

&D[efemtm; ±kdufESufr_twGufjypf'%f c&pfba&mif;


pwifuscH
&D[efemtm; n§Of;yef;½kduf wkdi frDuvnf; &D [efemESifh b
ESufcJhrItwGuf qkdif;iHhjypf'Pf cs a&mif;wkdY Oa&myokdYa&muf&Sad epOf
rSwfcHxm;&onfh c&pfba&mif; ba&mif ; onf &D [ ef e mtm;
onf ¤if;\jypf'Pfukd Mo*kwfv eH&HESifhaqmifhcJhaMumif; pGJcsufwGif
(25) &ufaeYrS pwifuscH&awmh yg&Sdonf/ xkdpOfu &D[efemtae
rnfjzpfonf/ ESifh'Pf&mjyif;jyif;xefxef r&cJh 1973 ck ESpf ? Zlvkdifv (26)
Photo : www.Planet.com

azazmf0g&DvtwGif;u &D ay/ okdYaomf w&m;½k;H url ba&mif; &ufaeYu zGm;jrifchJonfh udwf
[efemtm; ukd ,fxdvufa&muf \vk y f& yfu k d tjypf & Sd a Mumif ; onf 1991 ckESpfr S 2009
½kdufESufcJhonfhtwGuf ba&mif; owfrSwfum qkdif ;iHhjypf'Pfukd ckESpftwGif; ½kyf&Sifum;aygif;
tm; avmhpftdef*svdpfw&m;½kH;u pwifuscHapcJhonf/ (28) um;ukd½kduful;cJhNyD; Pearl
(5) ESpftwGif; pm&dwaÅ umif;rGef ba&mif;onf w&m;olBuD; Harbor? Click? Underworld ?
pGmaexkdifrnfjzpfaMumif; &Jt&m \ pD&ifcsuftNyD; (Yes) [k w Van Helsing ponfh Zmwfum;
&SdxH owif;ykdYae&efESifh em&Daygif; rsm; vkyfaqmifaeap&ef trdefYcs cGef;omajymNyD; w&m;½kH;xJrS jyef rsm;rSm vlodrsm;cJhonf/ 2009
(180) jynfolYtusKd;jyKvkyfief; rSwv f dkuf NyDjzpfonf/ ,cktrI r xGufoGm;aMumif; od&onf/ ckE Spftxd udwfy g0ifo½kyf
aqmif x m;aom Zmwf u m;
AUSTRALIAN BURMESE COMMUNITY J O U R N A L rsm;onf NAdwdefE kdifiHtwGi f;
okd@ a0zeft=uHjyKpmrsm; ay;ykd@yg&ef zdwfac:ygonf/ wGifyif 0ifaiGa':vm (791.
5) oef;rQ &&Sdxm;aMumif; od
P.O Box 6174, Girrawheen WA 6064, Australian, Email: abcjournal@gmail.com &Sd&onf/
NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 13
NEWS IN BRIEF
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

azmufjyefrIukd (5) ESpfrQ BuHKawGU


tif'kdeD;&Sm;EkdifiHrS tœ&m,frD;awmif cJh&onf/ uRrf;usifolrsm;u xkd
rav;&Sm;a&muf
pOfuaygufuGJcJh onfh jyif;tm; jrefrm (6) OD;
onf 'kwd,urÇmppftwGif; *s
yefEdik fiH? [D½kd&SD;rm;NrdKUay:okYd tar
*kd%f;zGJ@vlowfr_jzifh
&duefwkdY MuJcscJhonfh EsL;uvD; }udK;rdef@jypf'%fay;cH&
,m;AkH;xuf tq (13000) xd rav;&Sm;EkdifiHwGif oGm;
ykd jyif; aMumif; wGufc sufazmfj y a&muf tvk yfv kyf ukd ifa eonfh
xm;onf/ jrefrmEkdifiHom;rsm;tay: &mZ
rD;awmifaygufuGJonfh t 0wfrIrsm; usL;vGef;cJhMuonfh
oHtm; rkdif (1900) a0;onfh Mo

photo: google
jrefrmEkdifiHom; (6) a,muftm;
paMw;vsEikd if H yghoNf rdKUESihf rkid af ygif; rav;&Sm ;Ekd if iH w&m;½kH ;csKyf u
(4500) ausmfa0;onfh oD&dv ao'PfESifh axmif'Pfrsm; cs
uFmEkdifiH? ukdvHbkdNrdKUwkdYrS Mum;& rSwv f ku
d fonf/
tjrifhay 1200 ausmfjrifhNyD; rD;awmifonfh 1883 ckEpS f? rnf[kqkdonf/ ao'Pfu scH& ol rsm;u
vGef cJ ha om (126) ES pf uuJh okdY arv (20) &ufaeYu aemufqkH; rD;awmifaygufuGJrIaMumifh qvif;? umqif? emcl;&m&Spf?
urÇmwckvkH; wkefvIyfajcmufjcm; tBudrfaygufuJcG Jh&m NrdKU&Gm (165) ay (130) jrifhonfh qlemrDa& tA'l um&if; [mqif? pkd;pkd;ESifh
apavmufonfh aygufuJGrIBuDrsK;d ck ysufpD;NyD; vlaygif; (36000) vIdif;BuD;rsm;vnf; ay:aygufvm aZmfOD;wkdYNzpfNyD; Mumtif;qdyf
aemufwBudrfjzpfvmrnfukd y ausmf toufqkH;½IH;um rD;awmif EkdifaMumif; od&Sd&onf/ BuD; rk'kHNrdKUom;jzpfonf[k od&
nm&Sifrsm;u pkd;&drfaeonf/ ayguf u G J r I a Mumif h &moD O wk onf/ olwkdUukd NyD;cJhonfh 2005
ck? ZGefvwkef;u armfvNrdKifNrdKU
pm;rSmyJ æ pm;rSmyJ æ t0vGefjcif;'kQ om; qm'D[lpdefukdowfjzwfrI
eJU jypf'PfcsrSwfvdkufwmjzpf
&ifMuyfyef;emjzpfaeonfh
ygw,f/
tav;csed f 250 uDvd*k &rf (aygif
ao'PfuscH&olawGESifh
photo: google

550) &Sd? *smrPDEkdifiHol trsKd;


ql[kdif;*vkyftusOf;axmifwiG f
orD;[m ta&;ay:tajctae
twlwla ecJ hzl;olwa,mufu
wGif tdrfuae aq;½kHum;ay:
]]olwkdUrdom;pkawGawmh ckeu
ukd b,fvkdrSoGm;r&cJí h aemuf
w&m;½kH;ujyefvmwm emcl;rdef;
qkH;wGif olYtrd fjywif;aygufu
reJU aZmfOD;rdef;rukd usaemfoGm;
wqifh u&def;ESifhrNyD; aq;½kH
Munfhwm rawGUbl;As/ aZmfOD;
um;ay:ukd wifay;cJh&w,fvdkY
rd ef;ruawmh jyefvmNyD; jyef
Auman Khatun ESifh ol\ wywfpm pm;p&mrsm; od&ygw,f/ w&ufxJrSmyJ Mo
xGufoGm;w,fwJh/ emcl;rdef;r
Auman Khatun trnf&Sd (5) ESpt
f &G,frdef;uav;wa,muf paMw;vsEkdifiHwGif uDvkd*&rf uawmh vkH;0jyefrvmao;bl;/
onf [kdrkef;rrQwonfha&m*gaMumifh b,favmufpm;pm; rwif; 300 &S d o nf h trsKd ; om;w w&m;½kH;uaeNyD;awmh/ usaemf
wdrfEkdifyJjzpfíaeonf/ olUukd 'Dtwkdif;vTwfxm;vkduf&ifawmh a,mufukdvnf; &ifMuyfyef;em u olwkdYukd awGUvnf; awGUcsif
tpmpm;&if;eJU aooGm;wJhtxd pm;rSmjzpfaMumif; q&m0efuqkd a&m*gaMumifyh if tdrfay:uaeí w,f/ usaemhft drf em;uygyJ/
onf/ wywfvQif qef (10) uDvkd? MuufO (24) vkH;? EGm;EkdU u&d ef ;ES ifh rcsNyD; aq;½kHyk dYcJh & ESpfa,mufvkH;u/ 'gayr,f jref
(6) vDwmESifh tmvl; (5) uDvkdukd pm;okH;\/ onf/ rmjynfom;awGtaeeJU ao'Pf
usoGm;w,fqdak wmh ESajrmawmh
A/H1N1 ul;pufE_ef;jrefqefaeqJ[k WHO rS xkwfjyef ESajrmrdygw,fcifAs/ 'gayr,fh
urÇmhusef;rma&;tzGJUBud; (WHO) A/H1N1 wkyfauG;a&m*g\ 'Daumifav;awGuvnf; awmf
ul;pufysHUESHUrIonf r,kMH unfEikd pf &maumif;avmufaom t&Sed t f [kef jzifh awmf rkdufurf;urf;eJU/ t&ifu
jrefqefaeqJjzpfaMumif; xkwaf zmfaMumnmvku d fonf/ WHO u urÇmh vnf; owfwmawG trsm;BuD;?
uyfa&m*gBuD;tqift h jzpfowfrSwx f m;aom tqkyd gwkyfauG;a&m*gonf olwkdU&JU axmifrSwfwrf;awGrmS
txl;ojzifh i,f&G,u f sef;rmolrsm;\tqkyrf sm;ukd OD;wnfwku d fcdkuw
f wf vnf;&S daeawmh w&m;ol BuD;
aMumif; od&onf/ WHO \ ppfwrf;rsm;t& Mo*kwv f (30) &ufaeUt
uvnf ; tqk H ;pG ef qk H ;uk d cs
xd tqkyd ga&m*gul;pufcH&olta&twGufonf (3) ode;f eD;yg;&SdvmNyDjzpf
NyD; (3000) ausmfrQ aoqk;H cJhNyD[, k kMH unfaMumif; owif;&&So
d nf/ vkdufwJhoabmrsKd; jzpfaewm
ayghaemf/

PAGE - 14 SEPTEMBER 2009


NEWS IN BRIEF
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

oHCmawmfrsm;tm; tar&duefatmufvw $ fawmft&m&Srd sm;


zrf;qD;r_rsm;&Sdae tJeft,fvf'ED Siafh wGq
@ kH
rauG;wkdif; acsmufNrdKU&Sd t trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJYcsKyf jcif;r&dSao;onfhtcsufrsm;udk
aemufaiG awmifausmif;wd kufo dkY teft,fv'f D A[dktvkyt f rIaqmif &Sif;jycJhaMumif; od&onf/
Mo*kwv f (30) &uf aeUnaeydkif;
tzGJY0ifrsm;ESifh tar&duefatmuf a':atmifqef;pk MunfESi hf
wGif t&yf0wf&J t&m&Sd (3) OD;ESihf
rauG;wdik f; omoema&;OD;pD;XmerS vTwaf wmf? EdkifiHjcm;a&;&maumfr ywfoufí vuf&dSaexdkif&onhf
wm0ef&SdolwOD;yg0ifonfhtzGJYu wDrS t&m&dS (3) OD;wdkUraeu n tajctaeESih f xd ef; od rf ;xm;
ausmif;wku d fq&mawmf OD;a&0w aeydkif;wGif tzGJYcsKyftpnf;ta0; onfhtajctaeudkvnf; tar&d
owif;oHk;aexdik o f nfh tcef;xJoYdk cef;rü awGYqkHaqG;aEG;cJhonf/ ueft&m&dSrsm;u ar;jref;Muo
0ifa&mufí &Sm azGppfaq;rIrsm; aqG;aEG;&mwGif teft,fvf jzifh OD;ÓPf0if;u
jyKvkyfcJhonf/ 'D A[dkt vky ft rIa qmift zGJ Y0 if ]]usaemf u ajymjyvdk u f tzGJUcsKyfajymcGifh&yk*¾Kdvf OD;ÓPf0if;
]]raeYu nae (4) em&DcJG rsm;jzpfonfh OD;ñGefYa0? OD;oef; w,f/ a':atmifqef;pkMunfu BudKif wdk Yu &Si f;jycJh aMumif; OD;
avmufu ausmif;wdu k fudk 0ifppf
w,f/ olwdYk vmppfwek ;f uawmh
xGef;? OD;pdk;jrifh? OD;cifarmifaqG (3) ESpfaxmif'Pfusw,f/ tJ'D ÓPf0if;u ajymonf/
q&mawmfr&Sdbl;av/ q&mawmf wdk YESih ftwl jyefMum;a&;tzGJY0if xJrSm (1) ESpfcGJudk y,fzsufvdkuf teft,fv'f D A[dkaumfrwD
c&D;vGefwm MumNyD/ jyefra&muf OD;tkef;BudKif? ajymcGihf&yk*¾dKvf OD; NyD/ (1) ESpfcGJusefw,f/ usefwJh 0ifrsm;ESihf awGYqkHaqG;aEG;cJhonfh
ao;bl;/ q&mawmfhtcef;xJawmh ÓPf0if;eSihf ½kH;tzGJYrSL; OD;vSrif; tJ'D (1) ESpfcGJudk qdkif;iHhxm;w,f/ tar&du efatmufvTw fawmft
0ifppfo Gm;w,f/ jyefvm&if t wdkYvnf; yg0ifMuonf/ qdkif;iHhwJhtwGuf a':atmifqef; &m&dSrsm;rSm 'Drdku&ufwpfygwDrS
aMumif;Mum;ygvdYkrmS oGm;w,f}} [k jrefrmhEdk ifiH a&;aqG;aEG;&m pkMunf[m vGwfvyfpmG aexdkifciG fh Lynne Weil ESihf Jessica Lee? &Dywf
acsmufNrdKU&Sd ausmif;wku
d frS OD;Zif; wGif tar&duefatmufvTwfawmf &dS&r,f/ odkYaomfvnf;yJ rvGwf bvDuefygwDrS Dennis Halpin wkdY
wyg;u rdeYf qdkonf/
t&m&dS rsm;u a&G ;aumufyGJE Sihf vyfbl;/ tusOf;usw,f/ tJvdk jzpfNyD; ¤if;wdkYonf (4) &ufMum
q&mawmf O D ; a&0wonf
ywfoufí wdkufwGef;onfho tusOf;uswm[m etztpdk;&&JU c&D;pOftjzpf jrefrmEkid fio H dkYa&muf
abm? aqmif&Gufoihfonfqo dk nfh trdefYaMumihf/ tJ'DtrdefYuvnf; &dSaepOf teft,fvf'DtzGJYcsKyf0if
oabmrsKd; ajymqdkaqG;aEG;jcif; Oya'rSm 'Dvdkaqmif&GufcGihrf &dSbl; rsm;ESifh awGYqkHcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ a&G;
r&d SM uaMumif ; OD; ÓPf 0if; u qdkwmudk usaemf&Sif;jyw,f}} [k aumufyGJ0if a&;r0if a&;ESif hy wf
ajymonf/ ajymonf/ oufí teft,fvf'DajymcGifh&
teft,fvf'DbufrS a&G; Ed kifi Ha&;tusOf;om;rsm; yk*¾dKvf OD;ÓPf0if;u ..
aumufyGJESihfywfoufí rnfodkY (2ç000) ausmf&dSaeonfudk tar ]]usaemfwkYd a&G;aumufyGJ0if
oabmxm;&dSonf? a&G;aumuf &dueft&m&dSrsm;u odaeNyD; xdk a&;? r0ifa&; pOf;pm;wm tJ'Da&G;
yGJN yD;ygu rnfodkYjzpfvmrnfqdk tusOf;om;rsm;\ axmifwGi f; aumufyGJ&JU&v'fu jynfolvx l k
onfhtajctaeESihf vuf&dStypf aexdkif&onfhtajctaeudk ar; twGuf tusKd;&dSvm;? r&dSvm;qdk
tcwf&yfpJa&;tzGJYrsm;ESihf rajyr jref;aMumif;? ,if;tajctaersm; wm usaemfwdkYvdkcsifwmjzpfw,f/
vnfjzpfa eonhftajctaeay: udk axmifwGif; tawGYtBuHKrsm; tJ'gawG vkH;0rSr&Edkif&if bmrS
wGif teft,fvf'Du qkH;jzwfEdkif onfh OD;cifarmifaqGESihf OD;tkef; vkyfp&mr&dSawmhbl;}}/
vGefcJhonhfvydkif;twGif; rdrdae
xdik &f m&yf&mG odkY jyefoGm;cJhNyD;? ,ck &efuek f+rdKŒtm; pufwifbmwpfvvkH; ta&;ay:umvtjzpf
csdefxd ausmif;wku d foYdk jyefra&muf
&Sdao;aMumif; OD;Zif;uqdo k nf/
owfrSwx
f m;
]]OD;a&0wu a&T0ga&mif Mo*kwf (29) &ufaeYrSpí &efukefwGif ta&;ay:umv owf
awmfvSefa&;wkef;u wuf<uol rSwfxm;aMumif; &efukefwdkif;&JwyfzGJYrS t&mxrf;wOD;uajymonf/
vdYk ajymvdkY&rSm/ tJ'gaMumihf vm tiftm;jy&Jum;rsm;udk pufwifbmwvvHk; tiftm;jyoGm;rnf
ppfwmvm;awmh rajymwwfbl;}} jzpfNyD; ae&mtESHYwGif vHkNcHKa&;rsm; ydkrdkwif;usyfpGmcsxm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
[k OD;Zif;uqufírdeYf onf/ tqdkyg&Jt&mxrf;u ajymonf/
rauG;wkdi;f a&eHacsmif;NrdKU ,ck&ufrsm;twGif; &efuek fNrdKU&dS NrdKUe,frsm;tvkduf vHkNcHKa&;um;
&Sd a&TapwD yg|dwuúodv k fausmif; rsm; pDwef;vSnfhvnfaeonfudkawGY&aMumif; &efukefNrdKUcHrsm;uajym
wdkuf vufaxmufq&mawmfESifh onf/
yckuúLNrdKU&Sd rEÅav;ausmif;wdkuf
&efukefNrdKUcHwOD;u ]]oHCmhta&;tcif;jzpfcJhwJh pufwifbmvudk
OD;Zif;wyg;wdkYudk tmPmydkirf sm;
u ,ckv (27) &ufEiS hf (28) &uf a&mufvmNyDqdak wmh vkHNcHKa&;tiftm;jycsifwmvnf; ygwmaygh/ bmrS
aeYwGif zrf;qD;xdef;odr;f cJo h nf/ vkyfzdkY rpOf;pm;eJY/ 'DrSmawGYvm;vdkY ajymaewmeJYwlwlygyJ}}

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 15
BOOK REVIEW
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

]]bmrxD ZmenfrsKd;a[h ...


raES;cGyfrnfh a'gif;eDeD pmtkyftrnf - ik,ifAefx½GdKif;
ik,ifAefx½GKdif; ordkif;eJUtnD ....}} bmomjyefol - xufjruf
(ae0ef;eDeD tacGrSoDcsif;pmom;) rl&if;pma&;ol - Tran Dinh Van
pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf - 3100040601
q&mxufjruf\ ]]ik,ifAefx½GKdif;}}
('kwd,tBudrf)
pmtkyftm; rzwf&pOfuwnf;rS
xkwaf 0ol - OD;oef;aqG
þoDcsif;pmom;tm; [dkwp'Dwp
(ppfonfawmfpmay)
&íaecJho nf/ wqif hEI wfz sm;rS
wqifh wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwf &cJhjcif;
jzeYfcsd - trTmnDaemifpmay
jzpf\/ tcef;(202)/ wdkuf (3)/
okr*Fvmtdrf&m (2)
]]bmrxD ZmenfrsKd;a[h ... oCFef;uRef;NrdKUe,f?
raES;cGyfrnfh a'gif;eDeD ...}} &efuek fNrdKU

rJaacgifjrpfay:0,f
bmud kr QrxD r nf h tmZmenfr sKd ;
]]a'gif;}} wdkYonf cGyfMurnf/ bmudk
vJ .../ zdESdyfolrSeforQudk &J&JcGyfMu
rnf/ cGyfcJhonfhordkif;um; ... ra&
rwGufEdkif/ NyD;vQif ...

]]ik,ifAefx½GKdif; ordkif;eJUtnD .../


ndKxGef;
þwGif &ifckefoHonf ]]e&D}} rrSefEdkif
awmh/ aoG;wdkUonf qla0ívmawmh
]] ik,ifAefx½G Kdif;onf uGrfe efZmwdo m;jz pfo nf/ uGrf eefc½dk ifu AD, uferfEd kifiH\ awmifyd kif;
wG if&S donf / Aefx½G Kdif ;\ uav;b0onf aMu uGJp &myif/ Aefx½GKdi f;\rdcif onf ppfa Mumifh
\/ ol&Jaumif; ]]ik,ifAefx½GKdif;}} &GmwGifrae0Hh/ awmawmif rsm;twGif;odkU om;i,f Aefx½GKdif;tm; csDydk;&if; a&Smifykef;cJh&\/ qdk;&Gm;
uJo
h kUd a'gif;wdUk onfvnf; eDeD&&J J .../ vSonfh 'Pf&m 'PfcsufwdkUaMumifh Aefx½GKdif;\rdcifonf awmwGif;üyif aoqHk;cJh&\/
jrefr mhord ki f;pOf \ t&d yf wdkUum;
a'gif;tvHeBD u;D \atmuf .../ urÁn;f ol\ZeD;onfxHodkUa&;vdkufaom ik,ifAefx½GKdif;\pmjzpfonf/ olum; tar&duef
rxdk;rSwfEdkifawmh .../ ol&Jaumif; umuG,af &;0efBuD; rufemrm&m;tm; AH;k cGJí wdkufckduf&efBuHpnfrIESihf ao'PfcsrSwfjcif; cHxm;
wdkUrsm;pG/ ocifatmifqef;? Adkvf &onfhol .../ rMumrD atmufwdkbm (15) &ufaeUwGifyif aoewform;wdkU\ ypfowfjcif;
atmifausmf pojzifh .../ tm; cH&awmhrnfhol/ aemufav;&uftMumwGif ao'PfpD&ifjcif;cH&awmhrnfholu ol\ZeD;
xHokUd axmiftwGif;rS pma&;írSm\/ usL&ifh ...y½kwq f Dwbl;avmuf vdkcsifygw,f[líjzpf\/
(u)
cspfpGmaom usL&if ... (c)
rif; usef;usef;rmrm&Sdr,fvdkU udk,f tar&duefor®w x½l;rif;\ 'dkrED do
k t
D dk&w
D efcd;k aMumifh AD,uferfawmifykdi;f onf tar&d
arQmfvifhygw,f/ udk,fawmh acgif; uefe,fcsJU ½kyfao;tpdk;&\vufatmufwGif&SdaeNyD; ajrmufydki;f AD,uferfrSmrl or®wBuD; [dkcsD
udkuaf ew,f/ tdyv f kdUawmh odyfr& rif;OD;aqmifonfh uGefjrLepfwdkU\atmufü &Sdíaeonf/ qdkif*HkESifh[EGdKif;tm; e,fcsJUt&if;&SifESifh
bl; / udk ,fhusef;rma&;[m odyfr uGefjrLepfwdkUu cGJí,lxm;Mu\/ tar&duefr&drf;wyfom;wdkUum; awmifajrmufe,fpyfpnf;
aumif;vSb;l / y½kwfqDwbl;avmuf udkjzwfausmf&ef BudK;pm;íaeMu\/ tar&duefavwyfrS bD (25)? bD (52) AHk;BuJav,mOfBuD;
vdkcsifygw,f/ aemufwBudrf rif; rsm;u ajrmufAD,uferf\ NrdKUrsm;ay:odkU AHk;BuJíwdkufcdkufMuonf/ tar&duefoHcsyfum
vm&if,lvmcJhygvm;/ udk,fhtwGuf um;rsm;u AD,ufaumif;wdkUtm;Budwfeif;&ef trSwf (15) rsOf;NydKifpnf;qDodkU tjyif;armif;
bmrS rpdk;&drfygeJU... ESifíoGm;Mu\/ ajrmufAD,uferf&Sd OuúXBuD;[dkcsDrif;\ vGwfajrmufa&;wyfom;rsm;u ½kdif
rif;&JU ... z,faoewfrsm;jzifh ckcHumuG,fíaeMu\/ qdki*f HkrS e,fcsJUESihf ½kyfao;tpdk;&tm; armif;xkwf
x½GdKif; Edkif&ef AD,ufaumif;wdkUonf ajymufusm;ppfjzifh wdkuyf GJ0ifíaeMuonf/ trdjynfolwdkU zdESyd frI
1964 ckESpf? atmufrS vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf ...? AD,uferfvw G v
f yfa&;zcifBuD; [dkcsDrif;ESifh AD,uferfrsK;d
atmufwdkbmv (11) &uf/ cspfol&Jaumif; axmifaomif;wdkU\ wdkufyGJordkif;pmrsufESmrsm;um; *kPfa&mifajymifpmG jzifh .../
csD [GmtusOf;axmif/ xdktxJwGif ik,ifAefx½GKdif;\ordkif;um; .../

PAGE - 16 SEPTEMBER 2009


BOOK REVIEW
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

ik,ifAefx½GKdif;onf uGrfeefZmwdom; onf ajratmufor*¾rS zGifhvSpfonfh oif tydk if;tm;vHk ;wdkU ? uGJ íaoG; ,dkp D;aeaom
jzpfonf/ uGrfeefc½dkifu AD,uferfEdkifiH\ wef;odkU vQKdU0SufíwufcJh&\/ oifwef;wGif 'Pf&m? ndKrnf;ízl;a&mifaeaom 'Pf&m/
awmifydkif;wGif&Sdonf/ Aefx½GKdif;\ uav; oifwef;q&mu Aef;x½GKdif;tm;ar;\/ ]]usL&if ... igawmh tzrf;cH&NyD}}
b0onf aMuuGJp&myif/ Aefx½GKdif;\rdcif ]]&Jabmf[m vQyfppfXmeu tvkyfo &Jrsm; '&GwfwdkufqGJac:vmonfholrS
onf ppfaMumifh &GmwGifrae0Hh/ awmawmif rm;wa,mufyJ r[kwfvm;/ uJ ... 'Dvdkqdk&if zefoDusL&iftm; vSrf;atmfíajymvdkufonf/
rsm;twGif;odkU om;i,f Aefx½GKdif;tm; csDydk; cifAsm;tdrfrSm vQyfppfypönf; b,favmufrsm; aumif;vDwHwm;tm; rdkif;axmifí tar&d
&if; a&Smifykef;cJh&\/ qdk;&Gm;vSonfh 'Pf&m wyfqifxm;ovJ/ vQyfppfrD;a&m xGef;Edkif&JU uef umuG,fa&;0efBuD;\ armfawmf,mOf
'Pfcsuf wdkUaMumifh Aefx½GKdif;\rdcifonf vm; ...}} tm; AHk;cGJwkdufcdkuf&efvkyfaqmifpOf ik,ifAef
awmwGif;üyif aoqHk;cJh&\/ tazu rdom; ]][if htif ; ...vQyfp pfe JUywfoufvdk U x½GKdif; tzrf;cHvdkuf&\/ wnvHk; ½kdufESuf
pkpm;0wfaea&;twGuf tvGefa0;uGmonfh bmwck rS r&Sd ygbl; Asm/ rD ;a&mifqdk wmu ppfaq;NyD; ol\aetdrfodkU ac:vmjcif;jzpf
t&yfwGif tvkyfvkyfudkif&\/ rdom;pkESifh a&eHqDrD;cGufavmufxGef;NyD; ae&ygw,f/ onf/ &JwdkUtdrt f wGif; tESHU&SmazGMurnf jzpf
tNrJr&Sd/ ESpftwefMumrS tdro f dkUjyefvmEdkif\/ usaemfwdkUwc½dkifvHk;u vlawGvnf; 'Dt onf/ þae&mwGif bmomjyefqdkol q&m
þwGif Aefx½GKdif;onf OD;av;ESifhtpfudkBuD; wkdif;ygyJ ...}} xufjrufu þodkYa&;xm;\/ aumufEkwf
wdkU\ tkyx f dr;f rIatmufü BuD;jyif;cJh&\/ Aef ]]vQyfppftvkyform;awGrSm vQyfppfrD; azmfjyyg&ap/
x½GKdif; (15) ESpfom;t&G,fwGif qdkif*HkodkU awmifroHk;pGJ&bl;/ 'g[m w&m;enf;vrf;us ]]AHk ;awG b,fae&m0S ufxm;w,fqdk
oGm;&ef olqk;H jzwf\/ 'geef;&Sd tpfukBd uD;ESihf w,fvdkU cifAsm;xifovm; Munfhprf;/ tar wm rif; igwdkUudkajymjyr,fqdk&ifawmh 'Dt
twlaeaom Aefx½GKdif;onf qif; &JrG Jaw &duefawGaewJhae&mawGudk oGm;Munfhprf;yg/ cef ;[m rif; wdkU ESp fa,muftwG uf tcspf
vGef;vSaom tpfudkBuD;\rdom;pktay:wGif olwdkU&JUacG;awGaewJh acG;tdrfuav;awG odkuf jrHKav;wck qufjzpf ae&OD;rSmaygh/
rSDcdkíaexdkif&onfudk pdwfraumif;/ rSmawmif vQyfppfrD;&Sdw,f/ vQyfppftvkyf qufNyD;jiif;qefae&ifawmh 'Dtcef;[m i&J
Aef x½GKdif ;\tpfudkB uD;onf tvkyf orm;awGu waeUaeUrSm tvkyfrvkyfbJae cef;jzpfoGm;vdrfrh ,f/ NyD;awmh 'DtxJrSmyJ rif;
vkyf\/ odkUaomf xdkpOfu awmifAD,uferf Munfhvdkufprf;ygvm;/ wNrdKUvHk; arSmifusrSm aooGm;vd rfhr,f}}
wGif yifyifyef;yef;vkyaf omfvnf; rdom;pk\ aygh/ 'DaumifawG[m vufESdyf"mwfrD;w0if; ]]usKyf ...rodbl;}}
pm;0wfaea&;udkrQ AD,uferfvlrsKd;rsm;onf 0if;eJU tarSmifxJrSm [dkprf; 'Dprf;eJU vkyfae& ykvdyfawG[m x½GKdif;udk wGef;xdk;vdkuf
rjznfhqnf;EdkiMf u/ csrf;omolwdkUuawmh usd rSmyJ/ vQyfppf"mwftm;ay;pufBuD;awG vnf NyD; twif; ½kdufESufxd k;BudwfawmhwmygyJ/
usdwufc srf; omíaeMu\/ þolwdkU um; vmatmif olwdkUbmvkyfwwfrSmvJ ...}} aemuf olYudkvQyfppfusifpufeJU wdkYMuw,f/
vlenf;pk/ AD,uferfvlrsKd; trsm;pkBuD;url (ik,ifAefx½GK dif;pmtkyf pmrsufESm (84) usifpuf½kdufwmawG[m odyfjyif;xefvGef;
qif;&JwGif;ü epfqJ .../ rS) awmh x½G Kdi f;[m aemufjyefvJusoGm;NyD;
qdkif*Hka&mufawmh Aefx½GKdif;onf &yf ckwifay:rSm wGefUvdrfae&Smw,f/
wnfa&;twGuf qdkufum;eif;\/ odkUaomf (C) 'DaemufrS m ½kdufESufn§Of;yef;wmawG
wa,muf\0rf;tm; eyfr Sefatmifrjznfh 1964 ckESpf? arv (10) &uf/ &yfNyD; olwdkUu x½GKdif;udkar;jyefw,f/
qnf;EkdifcJh/ qdkufum;eif;&if;‘qdkif*HkwiG f qif; we*FaEGaeU? eHeuf 9 ; 00 em&D/ ]]AHk;awG b,frvJ ..}}
&Jol AD,uferftrsm;pkBuD;tm; ‘Aefx½GKdif; ykvdyf (8) a,mufonf ik,ifAefx x½GKdif;[m odyfudk arm[dkuyf ifyef;ae
awGU&\/ csrf;omvGe;f vSaom vluHkxt ½GKid f;\aetdrftwGif;odkU ½kww
H csKUd f &wf0ifa&muf &Smw,f/ 'gayr,fh olUpum;ajymw,f/ olU
tm;vnf; awGU&jyef\/ csrf;omvGef;vS\/ ívmMu\/ xdkpOf Aefx½GKdif;onf tdrfwGif toH[m t&ifuxufawmif ydkNyD;us,fae
olwdkUu qdkif*HkwGif vlenf;pk/ Mum;vlwef; r&Sd/ raeUreufuwnf;rS tdrfrSxGufoGm;í w,f/
pm;[lír&Sd/ qif;&Jcsrf;om uGm[vSvGef; aecJhonf/ nwGifvnf; jyefrtdyf/ ZeD;onf ]]rodbl;vdkU usKyf cifAsm;udk ajymcJhNyD;
aom qdkif*Hkygvm;[lí Aefx½GKid f; qdkufum; zefoDusL&ifwOD;om tdrfwGif&Sdíae\/ &J NyD/ 'gudkrS cifAsm;odcsifaewkef;yJqdk&if zdESdyfol
eif;&if; awG;odvm&\/ qdkif*HkwGif qdkuf rsm;onfvlwa,muftm; '&GwfwdkufqGJNyD; awG&SdwJh ae&mwdkif;rSm AHk;awG&Sdw,fvdkUom
um;orm;b0rS vQyfppfpuf½HkwckodkU ajymif; tdrftwGif;odkU ac:vmMuonf/ ol\vuf rif;wdkU rSwfxm;vdkufprf;yg...}}
cJh\/ þwGif Aefx½GKdif;onf qdkif*Hk&Sd vQyf rsm;udkvnf; aemufbufrSaeí vufxdyfcyf (ik&ifAefx½GKdif;pmtkkyf pmrsufEmS (11) rS)
ppfpuf½Hkw½HkwGif vQyfppftvkyform;av; xm;\/ olUt0wftpm;rsm;onf ½dkufESuf
wOD; jzpfvmcJhawmh\/ þwGifyif zefoDusL xm;onfh twGuf pk wfNyJ íaeonf/ tuÐs (i)
&ifESifh awGUcJhMujcif;jzpf\/ zefoDusL&ifu Mu,faphrsm;u r&Sda wmh/ tjyma&miftusÐ ik,ifAefx½GKdif ;eJU ywfoufNyD; ol\
‘qdkif*kH&Sd txnfcsKyfpuf½HkrS tvkyforwOD;/ onf aoG;rsm;? &THUrsm;aMumifh ta&mifajymif; ZeD; zefoDusL&ifudkyg tmPmydkifykvdyw f kdUu
íaeNyD/ olUrsufESmonf xkaxmif;½dkufESuf zrf;qD;vdkufonf/ NyD;vQif olrtm; trsKd;
(*) xm;aom 'Pf&m'PfcsufwdkUaMumifh a&mif orD; tusOf;axmiftwGif; csxm;vdkuf\/
qdkif*Hka&muf vQyfppftvkyform;av; udkif;íaeonf/ qHyifrsm;u z½dkz&J/ 'Pf&m rMumrD twGif; usL&iftm; ik,ifAefx½GKdif;
ik,ifAefx½GKid f;onf ajratmufvli,for*¾ wdkUu ol\&ifbwfESifh 0rf;AdkufwGifvnf; \ZeD;jzpfrSef; tusOf;usol trsKd;orD;rsm;
odkU0if\/ vli,for*¾tzGUJ 0ifopf Aefx½GKdi;f &Sd\/ NyD;vQif ajc? vuf? udk,fcE¨mtpdwf od&SdoGm;Muonf/ tusOf;usolrsm;tm;vHk;
NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 17
BOOK REVIEW
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E

u vGwfajrmufa&;wdkufyGJwckckwGif yg0ifywfoufí zrf;qD;jcif;cHxm;&olrsm;jzpfMu


onf/ olwdkUonf ik,ifAefx½GKdif;tm; odMuonf/ olwdkUonf ik,ifAefx½GKdif;tm;
av;pm;Mu\/ xdkUaMumifh Aefx½GKdif;\ZeD; usL&ifudkvnf; tm;vHk;u aEG;axG;pGm
*½kpdkufMu\/ tm;ay;Mu\/ waeUreuf tusOf;usol trsKd;orD;rsm; tusOf;wdkuf
C O M M U N I T Y

]] Aefx½GKdiJf;tm;
O U R N A
aoewfESifh
ypfowf&ef toifh
jzpfíaeNy/D
L

Aefx½GKdif;\rsufvHk;tm;
twGif;rSxu G í f tjyifwGif aeylqmvHIcGifh&Muonf/ aeylqmvHI&if; pum;ajymíaeMu
\/ odkUaomf ykvdyfrsm;tvpfwGif wdk;wdk;ajymMu&jcif;jzpfonf/ olwdkUu usL&iftm;
t 0wfpteufjzifhpnf;&ef
Aefx½GKdif;\taMumif;rsm;tm; ar;Mu\/ tm Pm
]]tpfr&,f wjcm;vlawGuawmh olwdkU&JUcifyeG f;awG? ZeD;onfawG&JUawmfveS fa&; ydkifrsm;ujyKvkyo f nf/
vkyfief;awGrSm ulnDvkyfudkifMuw,f/ usrusawmh x½GKid f;udk tultnDray;½Hkomru
bl;/ olvkyfwJhvrf;ay:rSm ydwf&yfcJhw,f/ usrudk olt,HktMunfr&SdrSmudk usr aemif Aef x½GKdif;u vufrcH/
w& 0rf;enf;aerdwmyg}} ]ighrsufESmudrk pnf;eJU/
]]olu rMumrMum usrudktjypfajymw,f/ usru tdrfeD;csif;awGtay: rqif 'Dajrudk rif;wdkU ighudk
rjcif qufqHajymqdkvdkU&Sd&if olusrudk a0zefwwfw,f/ olu t0wftpm;avmfvD
wmudkvnf; rBudKufbl;}} oluajymygw,f/ MunfhciG fhay;&r,f/
]]igwdkU[m vkyfom;jynfolawGjzpfw,f/ 'Dawmh igwdkU[m t0wftpm;avmfvD igcspfjrwfEdk;vSwJh
wm twkcdk;wmawG rvkyfoifhbl;}}
]]usr&JUt0wfawGu tjym&ifh&ift h a&mifwdkU tjzLa&mifwkUd qdk oloabmusw,f/
ighajrudk
ol[m½kyf&Sifvnf; rMunfhbl;/ olu ... ighudk MunfhcGifhay;&r,f}
]]qdkif*Hk[m [EGdKif;vdkjzpfvm&if igwdkU½kyf&SifawGtrsm;BuD; MunfhMur,fvdkU ajym
w,f/ wESpfavmuftwGif;rSm usrwdkU[m ½kyf&SifqdkvdkU wBudrfyJoGm;cJhzl;w,f}} awGudk jyHK;NyD;Munfhvdkufw,f/ wcsKdUvlawG[m
(ik,ifAefx½GKdif;pmtkyf pmrsufEmS - 30/ 31 rS) 'DvdktowfcH&cgeD;rSmqdk&if aMumufvefUwkefvIyf
Muw,f/ x½GKdif;uawmh at;at;aq;aq; wnf
(p) wnfNidrNf idrfygyJ/
Aefx½GKdif;tm; e,fcsJUvufudkifwkwf awmifAD,uferftpdk;&rS ao'PfpD&ifcsuf ]]tckvmwJh cifAsm;wdk Uowif;pmq&mawG
csrSwfcJhonf/ rMum ... / AifeDZGJvm;EdkifiHrSajymufusm;rsm;u tar&duefwyfrS AdkvfrSL; [m bmawGjzpfaevJqdkwm odNyD;jzpfr,f/ tar&d
BuD;prdk;vif;tm; zrf;qD;vdkufMuonf/ NyD;vQif aMunmawmhonf/ AD,uferfrS ‘ik,if uefawG[m usaemfwkdUEdkifiHudk 0ifa&mufusL;ausmf
Aefx½GKid f;tm; vTwfay;vQif tar&duefAdkvfrSL;BuD;tm; jyefívTwaf y;rnf/ þodkUrjzpf NyD; &mZ0wfrIawG usL;vGefaew,f/ usaemfwdkU
ygu tar&duefAdkvfrSL;BuD;tm; owfypfrnf/ ik,ifAefx½GKdif;toufESifh ‘prdk;vif; jynfolawGudk av,mOfawG? AHk;awGeJUowfjzwf
touftm; vJvS,frnfjzpfonf/ tzdESdyfcH EdkifiHwumjynfolwdkU\&yfwnfcsufum; aew,f/ AD,uferfawmifyidk f;udk tEdki, f lzdkU pDrHudef;
ordkif;wGifvS\/ azmufjyefolwkdUu azmufjyefonfhenf;y&d,m,frsm;jzifhom wkHUjyefcJh wckvHk;ud k rufemrm&m;vkyf cJhwmyJ/ usaemfwdkU
onf/ AifeDZGJvm;ajymufusm;wdkUum; oabmwlnDcsuft& ,HkMunfNyD; tar&duef jynfolawGudk usaemfb,fwkef;urS rqefUusifcJh
AdkvfrSL;BuD;prdk;vif;tm; vTwfay;cJhonf/ odkUaomf ... ik,ifAefx½GKdif;um; .../ bl;/ AD,uferfawmifykdif;rSm &mZ0wfrIrsm;pGm usL;
vGefaewJh rufemrm&m;udk usaemf&Sif;ypfcsifw,f}}
(q) owifp mq&mwOD; uar;onf/ ]]cifA sm;
1964 ckESpf? atmufwdkbmv (15) &uf/ raocifrSm b,fvdktaMumif;t&mudkrsm; pdwfr
csD[GmtusOf;axmif reuf (11) em&D/ csrf;rom jzpfrdygovJ}}/ ik,ifAefx½GKdif;rS csuf
ik,ifAefx½GKdif;tm; csD[GmtusOf;axmifBudK;wdkuftwGif;rS axmiftmPmydkif csif;jyefajzvdkuf\/ ]]usaemf pdwfrcsrf;omwm wck
rsm;u ac:xkwfívmonf/þc&D;u ik,ifAefx½GKdif;tm; vlowform;rsm;u ao yJ&Sdw,f/ tJh'guawmh rufemrm&m;udk aoatmif
ewfjzifhypfowfrnfh owfuGif;odkUoGm;&efc&D;jzpf\/ þonfudk Aefx½GKdif;vnf;od rowfvdkuf& wmbJ }}
\/ azmufjyefonfh zdESdyfot l pdk;&onf aemufqHk; þodkUyifjyKvyk fMurnf/ þonfudk (ik,ifAefx½GKdif;pmtkyf pmrsufEmS 49/ 50 rS)
Aefx½GKdif;u av;av;eufeuf odNyD;jzpf\/ r&GHU? rwGefU? &J&J .../ þwGif pmtkyfrS
pmom;tcsKdUtm; aumufEkwfíjyvdk\/ Aefx½GKdif;tm; aoewfEiS fhypfowf&ef toifh
x½GKdif;tm; vufr&GHUaoewfwyfzGJUESifh rsufESmcsif;qdkif&vdkU&Sd&if olaMumufvefUw jzpfíaeNyD/ Aefx½GKdif;\rsufvHk;tm; t0wfpt
Mum;jzpfNyD; olwdkUpGJcsufwifxm;wmwcsKdUudk 0efcHvdrfhr,fvdkU olwdkUarQmfvifhcJhvdkUyJ/ eufjzifhpnf;&ef tmPmydkifrsm;ujyKvkyfonf/ Aef
olwdkU&JUtvdkawmf&d aMu;pm;owif;pmq&mawG? olvQKd'vefawGudk toifhxm;NyD; x½GKdif;u vufrcH/
x½GKdif;udk a'goxGuaf tmif ar;cGef;r[kwfwmawG avQmufar;r,f/ ajcvSrf;rSm;atmif ]]ighrsuEf Smudkrpnf;eJU/ 'Dajrudk rif;wdkU ighukd
axmifacsmufqifr,faygh/ MunfhcGifhay;&r,f/ igcspfjrwfEk;d vSwJh ighajrudk ighudk
x½GKdif;BudK;wdkuf xJuxGufvmwmudk jrifvdkufMuwmeJU olwdkUwkefvIyfatmif MunfhcGifhay;&r,f}}
rvkyfEdkifbl;qdkwm tmPmydkifawG odvdkufMu&w,f/ ‘x½GKdif;[m owif;pmq&m yg;uGufom;aoewform;rsm;onf Aefx

PAGE - 18 SEPTEMBER 2009


A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

½GKdif;&ifodkU armif;jyef½kdifz,faoewf
pmrsufESm (40) vufyef;aygif;cwfoH aqmif;yg;rS ...
rsm;jzifh csdefíxm;\/
]]'dkif; ...}} uGJjym;zdkYvkdNyD[k apmiref;u ,lqxm;\/
yg;uGufom;\ aoewfusnf ]]usaemf vHk;acsmudkawGYcsifw,fqkdwmu oleJYusaemf xkd;cJhorQyGaJ wGtm;vHk;rSm usaemfhukd,f
qHcJz;l onf Aefx½GKdi;f \&iftHkodkU xdk; usaemf tckavmuf avhusifhrIrSm tm;r&cJhbl;/ tcsKdYyGJawGqdk&if yGJxdk;cg;eD; wpfvavmuftvdk
azmufíoGm;\/ usrS avhusifh&wmrsKd;&Sdw,f/ usaemfu bm;tHrSmyJaeawmh &efukefu yGJpDpOfolawGeJY tquf
]]AD,uferf t"GefU&Snfygap}} toG,fjywfwmygovdk yGJarQmfvifhcsufr&Sdawmh avhusifhrIuvnf; jywfaew,f/ xdk;ygr,fqkdrS
Aefx½GKdif;\EIwfrS a<u;aMumf xusifhawmh tNrJ wrf;avhusifhr&I Sad ewJhvk;H acsmudk usaemf yDyDjyifjyif &ifrqdkiEf kid fcJhbl;/ r½IH;atmif
vdkuf\/ &ifwGif;rSvmaomtoH .../ tawmf BudK;pm;cJh&wmrsKd;&Sdw,f/ tckusawmh yxrqHk;tBudrf &efukefrSmusif;ywJh jrefrm-arGY
aoG ; wd k U onf usnf q H ' Pf& m0rS xdkif;yGJrwdkifcifuwnf;u ok0@rSm pcef;0ifavhusifhaecJhwm tcktcsdefxdqdkawmh usaemfhudk,f
xGufíusvmonf/ &J&J .../ usaemf tawmftm;&rI&Sdaew,f/ 'DvdktcsdefrsKd;rSm vHk;acsmeJYawGY&vdkYuawmh yGJodrf;ypfvkdufr,f/
]]'dkif; ...}} tckavmavmq,frSm usaemf txdk;csifqHk;uawmh vHk;acsmyJ/ 'g[m vufa0SYorm;wpfa,muf
]][d kcsDr if; oufa wmf&mausmf rSm&SdwwfwJh tmoDorsKd;yg/ yk*©Kdvfa&; bmrSrygygbl;/ vufa0SYoabmt&qkd&if oleJYusaemfu
&Snfygap}} vuf&Sdtaetxm;rSm wpfa,mufudk wpfa,muf jywfjywfom;om;jzpfatmif vkyfjyzdkYvdkae
]][d kcsDr if; oufa wmf&mausmf w,fxifvdkY usaemf oleJYxkd;zkdY yGJawmif;aewmyg/ usaemfuawmh Edkifoifh&if EdkifrSBudKufw,f/
&Snfygap}} &efBuD;atmifeJYusaemfqkd&if vHk;acsmxuf ydk&if;ESD;wmaygh/ 'gayr,fh usaemfrn§mbl;/ jzwfvdkY&
aoewfoHrsm;ESifh ik,ifAefx wJhtcsdefrSm jzwfcsvdkufwmyJ}} [lí apmiref;u qdkonf/
½GKid f;\ a<u;aMumfoHrsm;onf csD[Gm jrefrmhvufa0SYyxrwef;ae&mtwGuf apmiref;? vHk;acsmESifh 0if;xGef;wdkY b,folYudk b,fol
tusOf;axmif\ vlowfuGif;twGi;f u tvJxkd;jzwfcsNyD; yxrtvHudk qkwfvSrf;EkdifMurvJ/ apmifhMunfh&rnfyif/
vHk;axG;íaeawmhonf/ +++
]]AD,uferf t"GefU&Snfygap}}
]][d kcsDr if; oufa wmf&mausmf a =u mf ji m Edk if yg +yD æ a&SUrsufESmzHk;w0uf 300 Aus $
&Snfygap}} aemufausmzH;k tjynfh- 500
(3) vESifhtxuf aMumfjimxnfh olrsm;twGuf 15 &mckdifEIef; Aus $
(Z) avQmhay;ygrnf?/ aemufausmzHk;w0uf- 300
twdwf\ajc&m (Retrospect) aMumfjimwGif 'DZdkif;ESifhpmom;rsm;tm; a&;om;jyifqifay;&ygu Aus $
qdkaom AD,uferfppftay: jyefvnf 'DZdkif;jyifqifc (30) &mckdifEIef;ay;&ygrnf/ twGif; pmrsufESmtjynfh - 400
oHk;oyfaompmtkyfwtkyftm; rMum Aus $
rDu xkwfa0cJhonf/ xkdpmtkyaf Mumifh aMumfjimudpöESifhywfowfí qufoG,fvkdygu ...
twGif;pmrsufESmw0uf - 250
tar&duefwEdkifiv H k;H vIyv
f yI f&mS ;&Sm; a=umfjimwm0efcH æ bkef;ausmf
Ph; 0430429667
Aus $
jzpfoGm;\/ xdkpmtkyfa&;olum; AD E-mail – abcjournal@gmail.com twGif;pmrsufESm - (3»1 vufr) 30 Aus $
,uferfwGif usaemfwdkU0ifwdk ufcJh
onfrSm rSm;onf/ tvGefrSm;onf/
qdk;qdk;0g;0g;udk rSm;ygonf/ t*Fvdyf
vdk Terribly Wrong [lí oHk;\/ pm
a&;olrSm rufemrm&m;jzpfonf/ ol
onf AD,uferfppfyGJwGif;u tar&d
uefumuG,fa&;0efBuD;jzpfonf/ olU
tm; AD,uferfrS trsKd;om;ol&Jaumif;
ik,ifAefx½GKid f;u AD,uferfppf\ w
&m;cH[lí vkyfBuHowfjzwf&ef BudK;
pm;cJh\/
] Perth NrKd Uu jrefrmrsm;twGuf
jrefrmvlrsKd;oif ,mOfarmif;oifwef;
Certificate 111-Motor Vehicle
Driving Instructor
vufrSwf&&Sdxm;onfholrS
(ik,ifAefx½GKdif;pmtkyf pmrsufEmS oifMum;ay;onf?
2002 Toyota Ascent
- (u) rS ...)
trsKd;tpm;armfawmf,mOfESihf oifay;onf?
aps;EIe;f csKo
d mrnf?
,ckrl tESpf av;q,fausmfcJh Address: 30 Moorhead Way wem&Dudk 35 a':vm ,lonf?
NyD/ Koondoola WA 6064 , vkid fpif&zdkUrylygeUJ .../ um;armif;wwfcsi&f if
+++ ABN: 28541576394
Ph; 0433026944, 04330429667, 089 3435751
qufoG,fvkdufyg? /

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 19
ESSAY
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

yufw&mNrdKUrSm ]]tm&S‘qdk'rf}}[k trnfwGifygonf/ taysmfusL;olrsm;? 'kp½dkuf*kdPf;rsm;\ okcbHk


vnf;jzpfonf/ yufw&moGm;zdkU pdwful;&vkdufonfrSm ]]x&uf}} NrdKUav;&Sd wpfckaomwnf;cdkaqmifrS
tdyfraysmfaom nwpfnwGifjzpfonf/
]]x&uf}}rSm yufw&m\ awmifbuf,Gef;,Gef; reD;ra0;rS NrdKUaygufpav;wpfckjzpfygonf/ vrf;
ay:uMunfhvkdufvQif omrefwnf;cdkaqmifxifí ]]x&uftif;}}wGif usaemf wnf;vkdufrdjcif;jzpfonf/
pifppf þae&modkYtdyfpufzdkYvmolrSm usaemfwpfa,mufwnf;ygvm;qkdonfudk aemufusrS od
vkduf&awmhonf/
nudk;em&D r&Sdw&Sda&mufonfESifh aumf&pf'grS cdk;cdk;cpfcpftoHawG Mum;&onf/
vGefYvGefYvl;vl;t&dyfawG jrif&onf/ odvdkpdwfESifh tcef;wHcg;udkzGifhvkdufawmh
taygpm;rdwfuyfeHYu ESmacgif;xJodkY wdk;0ifvmonf/ wpfa,muf ...? ESpfa,muf ...?
oHk;a,muf .../ ra&wGufEkdifawmhyg/ a&mifpHkrsufESmESifh uav;rav;awGrSm
aumf&pf'gwpfavQmuf vdyfjymawGvdk0Jvsuf .../ olwkdYtm;vHk;. zdwfac:tNyHK;rsm;u
olUwdkUwpfawG\ vkyfief;obm0udk vSpfjyaeovdk&Sdonf/ odyfMumMumrapmifhvkduf&yg/
olwkdUarQmfaeolawG wzGJzGJa&mufvmonf/ wcsKdUu ausmif;om;vli,ft&G,f? rsufESmeDeDeJY
&Jaq;wifxm;rSef; odomonf/ wcsKdYu vlvwfydkif;? udk,fhtdrfudk,fh,mvkd cyfwnfwnf? cyf
wif;wif; .../ acgif;jzLqG,f usKd;awGvnf;ygonf/ avuav;rsm;yif cRefaevkdufao;awmh
onf/ aemuf wGef;oH? xdk;oH? n§pfoH? zspfoH? wGefYoH? vGefYoH ... toHrsKd;pHk qlnHyGufoGm;
awmhonf/
tdyfr&awmhonfESihf bm;cef;xJqif;vmcJhonf/ onfae&mrSmyif‘ ]]ac;]]ESifh
qHkqnf;cJh&jcif;jzpfonf/ wdwfqdwfaeaom bm;aumifwma&SYwGif ]]ac;}}
u ausmuf½kyfwpf½kyfES,f ililBuD;xkdifaeonf/ olUrsufvHk;awGu
&Da0a0/ NydKawmhrnfhrdk;vkd rsuf&nfawGoGef;csvmawmhrnfvm; xif&
onf/ tdyfraysmfonfhtwlwl pum;ajymazmf&vQif rqkd;vS[k awG;rdí
usaemfuyJ y#doE¨m& pvkdufonf/
]]wpf a,mufwnf;vm; ...}}
]]'Dn usr uHraumif;bl; ...}}
toHu cyftuftuf/ cyfwkefwkef .../ olUvufawGu olUtoH
xufyif wkefaeao;awmhonf/
yef;wpf&murf;ajc
]]aomufrvm; ...}}
xkdif;EkdifiH
yufw&mNrKd U
]][kwf}}
rSmxm;aom 0DpuDykvif;udk xkd;ay;vkdufawmh tirf;r&aomuf
onf/ yxrwpfcGuf a0hprsuf&nfawG aysmufoGm;onf/ 'kwd,
wpfcGuf aoG;a&mifvTrf;vmonf/ wwd,wpfcGufarmhNyD;awmh usaemfh
ycHk;udk vmwkdufonf/ jrL;jrL;<u<uajymonf/
]]nDremrnfu ac; .../ tudkYudk [kd;ta0;BuD;ac:oGm;r,f ...}}
ausmf0if;
]]Edk; Ekd; ... ... .../ pum;yJajym&atmif}}
]]bmajym&rSmvJ ...}}
]]BudKufwmajym}}
]]ajymawmhaum ,HkrSmwJhvm; ...}} a&mifpHkrsuEf SmESihf uav;rav;awGrSm
]]raocsmbl;}}
aocsmygonf/ ]]ac;}}u usaemfhudk rvdrfyg/ olr rsufvHk;awGrSm aumf&pf'gwpfavQmuf
½kd;om;rIudk jrifae&onf/ vdyfjymawGvdk0Jvsuf .../
]]nDr Zmwdu ]]csefwmbl&D}} wJh/ nDrwkdU&Gmu ywÅjrm;xGuf olwkdYtm;vHk;\
w,fav/ ywÅjrm;ajraygh .../
]]'gjzifh ]]ac;}}u olaX;aygh ...}} zdwaf c:tNyHK;rsm;u olUwdkUwpfawG\
]]b,fuvm/ rGJvkdufwmrS csmvdkU/ a&mif;p&mr&SdvdkU &Sdwma&mif; vkyfief;obm0udk vSpfjyaeovdk&Sdonf .../
&if;u ckvdkjzpfvmwmaygh}}
]]tqifawmh ajyw,frdkUvm;}}
]]b,fuvm/ 'Dawmom;awGeJU tvkyfrjzpfygbl; tudk&m ...}}
PAGE
PAGE--20
20 SEPTEMBER
SEPTEMBER 2009
2009
POEM
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i ttyy GGrroouupp...
...

]]nDru yufw&mudk oGm;csifwm ...}}


yufw&mudk usaemf yxrqHk;tBudrf Mum;zl;jcif;yif/ ac;u olr\
yufw&mtdrfrufudk qufrufjyaeonf/
]]yufw&mrSmqkd&if EkdifiHjcm;om;awG pHkw,ftudk&JU/ olu tourist resort
av .../ yufw&mrSmqdk&if a':vm&rSm/ uHaumif;&if EkdifiHjcm;awmif a&muf
Edkifao;w,f ...}}
]]ac;}}wpfa,muf tazmf&oGm;awmhrS usaemfvnf; tcef;udk jyefchJonf/
tdyfaysmfzdkUBudK;pm;aeqJrSmyif rD;ysufoGm;onf/
]]wapäajcmufw,f/ wapäajcmufw,f ...}}
pl;pl;&J&JtoHESifhtwl 'kef;'kef;'dkif;'dkif;toHawG Mum;&onf/
]]bmrS r[kwfbl;/ rdef;rwpfa,muf vefUatmfwm}}
za&mif; wkd if vmay;aom wnf;ckd cef ;pma&;u &Si f;jyonf/ usaemf
za&mif;wkdif rxGef;yg/ tdyfaysmfzdkYom qufBudK;pm;onf/ odkUaomf ratmifjrif
yg/ wHcg;zGifhoH? ydwfoHawGudk wpfnvHk;Mum;ae&onf/ a&csKd;cef;rS a&usoH
udkvnf; rMumrMum Mum;&onf/ rdk;pifpifvif;awmhrSyJ tcef;xJrS 0rf;
omtm;& xGuf&awmhonf/ odkYESifhwkdif Zmwfvrf;u rqHk;ao; .../ touf
i,fi,frdef;uav;ESifh toufBuD;BuD; vlwpfa,mufu usaemfhudk 0ifwkduf wae ah om
yifv,f
rwwf wGef;xdk;NyD; tcef;xJajy;0ifvmonf/
]]aqm&D;}}
trsKd;om;xHrS ryDroawmif;yefoHudk Mum;&awmhrS oabmayguf&
awmhonf/ vlY*kPfodu©mt&
]]aMomf ... nu tcef;r&&Smbl;xifyg&JU ...}} 'DacwfrSm 'Djrpfukdjzwf&wm twefqHk;/
rtdyfcJh&aom wpfnwmtwGuf wnf;ckdc&Sif;ayNyD; bwf(pf) um;*dwf
odkU tajy;vmcJhonf/ ]]ac;}}ajymwJh yufw&mudk usaemfoGm;awmhrnfav/ cifrifolawGuajymw,f
yufw&mrSm x&ufNrdKUav;ESifh bmrSrqdkifyg/ vlrsm;? taqmufttHk eH&u
H kd acgif;eJUwdkuf&if
rsm;omru toHAvHrsm;u tm&S&eHYr&awmhyg/ wu,fhudk taemufwkdif; acgif;yJ uGJvdrfhrwJh .../
jzpfoGm;ygNyD/ [pf(y)a[mhoDcsif;oHjzifh vl;aeaom uzD;qkdifrsm;? wef*dk *Dwjzifh 'D tESpfESpfq,fa&pD;rSm
<uaeaom 'pöudkuvyfrsm;? a*smfeDa0ghum;? csD;Awf? rmwDeD Oa&my ,rum b,folu eH&HvJ
rsKd;pHk&aom bm;aumifwmrsm; ....? ae&mtESHUrSm vlawGtm;vHk; ysm;yef;cwfrQ b,folu OD;acgif;vJ .../
vIyf&Sm;aeonf? olUwdkYtm;vHk;rSm opfvGifawmufyvsuf? vef;qef;wuf<u
vsuf .../ xkdif;Ekdifi\ H topfjzpfxGef;vmaom vlvwfwef;pm;jzpfygvdrfhrnf/ ]]waeUaomyifv,frSm}}
[kdw,fBuD;rsm;\ um;ywfrsm;udkMunfhvkdufvQif befaumufeHygwf &Spfav;vHk;rwdkifcif vljzpfcsifolawG
wyfxm;aom ZdrfcHum;BuD;rsm;udkvnf; renf;raemawGY&onf/ befaumuf b,favmufrsm;aygvdkufrvJrodbl; .../
rSvlukHwefrsm; awmESifhawmifukd zufayGYzdkY xGufvmMu[efwyl gonf/ yifv,f
urf;pyfwpfavQmuf a&mifpHkxD;rsm;atmufwGif Oa&mypwkdif aepmvIHaeolrsm; attrfwD
rSmvnf; rjrifcsiftqHk;/ olwkdYywf0ef;usifwGif qJ (vf) zkef;oH wwDwDMum; (24? 07?2009)
ae&onf/ 0DpuDeHY oif;ysHYaeonf/ tqDysHaeaomrsufESmrsm;url b,folYrS
vlrxifonfhyHkpHrsKd; .../
AUSTRALIAN BURMES COMMUNIT
]]tJ'g befaumufu ]],GwfyD}}awGav ...}} J O U R N A L
pm;yGJxkd;csmwdwfu xkdvltkyfudk ar;qyfjy&if; ajymonf/ olajymaom
,GwfyD (Yuppy) qkdonfu toufi,fi,fESifh aiG&Smaumif;olrsm;udk qkdvkd jzefUcsda&;ukd,fpm;vS,frsm; tvkd&o
Sd nf/
onf/ AD,uferfppfyGJumvu tar&duefppfwyfrsm;twGuf aemufwef;tyrf; Perht NrdKUtwGif; jzefUcsda&;ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;tm; aumf
ajzpcef;tjzpf toHk;awmfcHcJh&aom xkdif;Ekid fiHrmS ,cktcg wpfurÇmvHk;twGuf r&Sifc (10) &mckid Ef eI ;f ay;ygrnf/ tjcm;jynf e,frsm;wGif
tyef;ajzpcef;jzpfae[efwlonf/ touft&G,fpHk? vlrsKd;pHk? EkdifiHjcm;om;rsm; jzefUcsdrnfh uk,
d fpm;vS,frsm;ukdrl aumfr &Sicf (20) &mckid f
udkvnf; awGY&onf/ olwdkYxJwGif urÇmywfí umr*Hk tm½kHcHpm;vkdolrsm; EIef;ay;ygrnf/
vnf; ygygvdrfhrnf/ olwkdYwpfawGrSm *syefqkdifu,fudk,fpDESifh? (yufw&m
wGif qkdifu,fiSm;vkd@&onf/) qkdifu,fu,f&D,may:wGif jrL;jrL;<u<u jzefUcsda&;udpö qufoG,fvkdygu
ygoGm;aom xkdif;rav;awGudkvnf; awGY&\/ (yufw&mwGif cspfolvnf; Phone: 0430429667
email: abcjournal@gmail.com
iSm;vdkY&ygonf/) pmrsufESm (39) okdU ...
NO
NO 1,
1, VOLUME
VOLUME -- 33 PAGE- -21
PAGE 21
GRATE PERSON
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

,ckacwf ArmjynfueG jf rLepfwdkYonf ½ky0f g'udk rsKd;aphBuJíaeMu


ayNyD/ ½ky0f g'qdkonfrmS pdw0f g'r[kwf/ pdwu f ;l pdwo f ef; r[kw/f t
aumiftxnfudk rmausmMurf;wrf;BuD; vufawGUudik pf rf;rdaom ½ky0f g'/
onfvdk a,bk,s vltrsm;u rSwx f ifMuayonf/ ½ky0f g'udk ,HkMunf
udk;uG,o f /l uGefjrLepfygwD.acgif;aqmif A[de;f tm; uAsm[ka&;vdkufjcif;
onf wu,fqkdawmh tEkuAsmESihf ½ky0f g'EkdifiHa&;orm;[m reD;pyfygu
vm;[k xifrw S Mf uayvdrhfrnf/ onfvkdrSwfxifvQif A[de;f udk EdkifiHa&;
orm;tjzpf awGUjrifí vltjzpf rodao;aomaMumifh jzpfwef&mayonf/
uAsm ...? [kwo f vm;/
1938 ....
o&ufxnf yef;yGif½h du k f tem;uGycf ef;qD;jymonf ydev f kduf azmif;
vkdufESifh w&Guw f dkufvsuf&So d nf/ tjyifbufwiG u f m; arSmifíaeonf/
wpfcsuw f pfcsuf wuúokv d &f yd fomvrf;rS t"dywdvrf;odYkauGUum armif;0if
vmaom armfawmfum;a&SUrD;a&mifonf 0if;ueJvufvu kd f&m ...? wuúov dk f
or*¾toif;wkdufa&SU&Sd aZmfrTm;yef;? Ak'o ¨H &PHyef;rsm;udk vQyfppfjyufvu kd f
ovdk &dyu f eJawGUjrif vdu k &f ayonf/
vlrsm;csdef (8) em&DcefYjzpfojzifh or*¾aysmfyGJpm;½ko H nf ZGe;f oH?
yef;uefoH? pum;ajymoHwUkd jzifh nHíae\/ NrKdUxJwiG v f nfywf&mrS aemuf
usaomausmif;om;rsm;onf or*¾wiG 0f ifí npm pm;avh&MSd u\/ aysmfyGJ
pm;½k\ H axmif&h Sd pm;yG&J Snw f Gi;f um; or*¾trIaqmif ausmif;om;wpfpo k nf
0kdif;zGJUum pum;ajymoluajym/ tpm;pm;olu pm;vsuf&dSMuonf/
onftxJrS ausmif;om;wpfOD;onf 0kid ;f zGJUpum;ajymxJwiG f rygbJ/
pD;u&ufukd wGiw f iG zf mG vQuf pm;yGJpGef;&Sd "gwfpufukd "gwfjym;wpfcsyfNyD;
wpfcsyfvu J m zGihfvsuf&So d nf/
olonf tom;jzLjzL? qHyifaumufaumuf? zsiftusÐvuf&n S ?f
befaumufvkHcsnf jrif;acs;a&miftpdr;f udk 0wfqifxm;onf/ rsufEmS rSm
y'krm® Mumyef;uJo h kdY &Tiv f ef;onfh ol\ cspfz, G af umif;aomtNyKH;uav;
rsm;onf eD&aJ omyg;jyifESifh EIwcf rf;ay:wGif xm0pOfem;vsuf&o Sd nf/
usufoa&jzifh vTr;f aomtNyKH;? arwåmtxdr;f trSwt f NyKH;/
uRefawmfonf ½ky&f iS Mf unf&h mrStjyef aemufusaeojzifh ausmif;
xrif;pm;½ko H Ykd roGm;awmhbJ or*¾aysmfypJG m;½kw H iG fyif npmudk rSmpm;vsuf
&So
d nf/ olwYkd0kid ;f rS udAk aqG (,ck qd&k , S fvpfygwD taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL;)
'*kefwm&m u uRefawmfhudk udkA[de;f ESihf todzJGUay;avonf/ udkbaqGum; ppfuidk ;f
ausmif;aqmifwiG f uRefawmfESifh tcef;csif;uyfaeí wpfa,mufudk wpf
a,muf qJrem qdkrem cifrifoljzpfonf/
]]'g ... ud, k w f Ydk ppfukid ;f ausmif;aqmifuav/ '*kefr*¾Zif;rSm pmawG

] olU rSm
0w¦Ka&;q&mBu;D wpfa,mufjzpfEikd faom
vu©mawGtrsm;BuD;&Sdonf/
odkUaomf Arm jynfudk vGwfvyfcsiaf ompdwf?
bmawG a&;wmayghuGm}} [k udkAaqGu rdwzf UJG ay;aomtcg udAk [de;f onf
"gwfpufrS aomhudv k n S hf&if;? olUMumyGihfcsyfuav;xJrS 0wfqu
vdkufaom uAsmqefonfhtNyHK;jzifh wkeUf jyefum ...
]]aMomf ... [kwv
rEÅav;rSmaeuwJu awGUzl;ygw,f}}
f m;? &wkykd'fpkaH wG bmawG '*kerf mS zwfz;l ygw,f/

udAk [de;f onf vlzwfenf;vSaom uReaf wmf\&wky'kd pf rkH sm;udk zwfz;l


H kdzGivfh yS f

ojzifh tHMh oíoGm;\/ olonf uAsmudk jrwfEd;k olwpfa,mufjzpf\/


]]uRefawmfawmh ar&Siu f tdk awmfBuKd ufw,f/ cifAsm;aum b,feh UJ vJ}}
qdk&S,fvpf Ekdiif Hawmf [k ajymum olonf ]]cspfíac:&m? cspfíac:onf}}udk 'kwd,tBudrf
wnfaxmifvdkaompdwfu xyfízGihfjyef\/ NyD;vQif ]]aomfwmaiGrif;}}udk zGihf\/ olonf *Dwudkcspf
onf/ olEiS hfuRefawmfonf cPESihfyif pum;vufqHu k svsuf&dSMuonf/
jyif;xefveG f;vSojzifo h m umvay: Arm*Dwtajctaeudk olonf a0zefvsuf&dSonf/
]]wcsKdUu t*Fvyd fwD;vH;k oGm;oDcsif;awGukd rMum;Edik fMubl;/ em;ydwf
ausmif;om;b0u wnf;uyif xm;csio f wJAh s/ om,mwJah w;oHukd bmjyKvkYdvufrcHEkid &f ovJ/ *Dwqdw k m
axmifustqif;&JtepfemcHum vlwpfrsdK;wnf; uefYowfxm;wmr[kwb f ;l / uRefawmftzdkYawmh om,m
vSywJah w;*Dwqdk&if Ekid if jH cm;? *syefyjJ zpfjzpf? ukvm;yJjzpfjzpf? tDwmvsyH J
EkdifiHa&;orm;jzpfvm&jcif; jzpfayonf/ jzpfjzpf em;axmifwmbJ/ wcsKUd u t*Fvyd t f oHq&kd if toHao; toHaMumif
PAGE
PAGE -- 22
22 SEPTEMBER
SEPTEMBER 2009
2009
GRATE PERSON
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i ty
t y GGrroouupp...
...

qdkNyD; em;raxmifEkdifMuwm tHMh op&myJ}}ponfjzifh oluajymavonf/ orm; rsm;ESifo h mr[kwf tEkynmorm;awGEiS fh


wpfbufpm;yGJpeG ;f wGif or*¾trIaqmifwpfpkEiS hf Edik fiaH &;taMumif; jiif;cHk pum;aumif;vsu&f Sd vnf; cifrifaygif;oif;ol jzpfayonf/
aom udAk aqGu *DwESiyhf wfowfí aqG;aEG;vsuf&daS om udAk [de;f ESihu f Refawmhbf ufokYdvn S u
fh m ‘]]at; udkA[def;onf vltjzpf ukHvHjk ynfph o kH wl pf
... rif;wkYdEpS fa,mufuawmh udkufrmS bJ/ A[de;f uvJ 0w¦Ka&;csif? uAsmpyfcsif? *Dwvdu k pf m;csifeUJ awmh? a,mufjzpfonf/ vlwiG f cspfpw d ?f BuKdupf w d f &Sd
rif;wdkYESpfa,mufu pdwu f ;l ,Oform;awGuk;d }} [kajymum &,farmíaeonf/ onf/ qefYusifbufvdifudk BudKufwwfonf/
]]vlqw dk m tvStyudrk ufwmyJ/ uAsm*Dw&JUtvStyudk rMunfE;l yJ raeEdik b f ;l / vl[m rif; udkA[def;onfvnf; cspfpdwfBudKufpdwf&Sdonf/
ajymwJh pdwu f l;,OfyJqkyd gawmh/ uAsm*Dwudk em;vnfarGUavsmfwm[m ,Ofaus;vmwmuG}}[k &,farm wuúokv d w f Gi&f pSd Ofu vSyaomausmif;olwpfO;D udk
&if;udk A[de;f u jyefajymavonf/ aumf&pf'gtauGUwGif vdkufí cspfpum;ajymzl;
udkAaqGajymovkyd if olEiS hfuRefawmfonf rMumrSDyif cifrif&if;ES;D um ausmif;wGif wwGJxJ onf/ olvkd ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifu ausmif;
wGJvsuf&aSd yonf/ olonf rEÅav;aumvdyrf v S mp bDatyxrESp?f uRefawmfu ausmif;a&mufp oluav;udk aumf&pf'gtauGUwGif pum;vku d fajym
OypmyxrESpjf zpfayonf/ onfqkdaomowif;xl;onf wuúokdvfe,fwiG f
ysHUESUH íoGm;\/ udkA[def;onf vljzpfonf/ olwpf
(2) a,mufwnf;om r[kw/f ykxkZOftm;vH;k onf
tu,fí udkA[de;f onf EdkifiHa&;orm;rjzpfvQif {uef pma&;q&mwpfa,mufjzpfrnf[k Or®mwaum r[kwv f m;/
uRefawmfxifonf/ bDattxufwef;wGi&f dSaom 1939 ckEpS f
olonf pmayudv k nf; tifrwef0goemygonf/ um;vfrwfp\ f uGejf rLepfpmay y&d,wÅu d o dk m u olonf oxHkausmif;aqmifwiG rf aebJ ajreD
r[kwf tEkpmay ponfukv d nf; zwfoljzpfonf/ ½k&Sm;pma&;q&mBuD;a*:uDukd oltawmfBudKufonf/ uke;f &S?d jynfvrf;rBuD;rS ta&SUbufodUk csKd;0if&
wpfcguolonf aEG&moDausmif;ydwf&uftwGi;f \ wuúov dk for*¾wiG &f Spd Of a*:uD\0w¦Kwkd aom ajrEkvrf;wGiaf eum aeUausmif;om;tjzpf
wpfy'k u f kd Armvdk qDavsmaf tmifbmomjyefzl;onf/ olonf uRefawmfa&SUwGifyif 0w¦Kwkdudk a&;ay ausmif;wuf vQuf&dSonf/ olEiS ft h wl udx k Gef;&Sed f
onf/ (Advk &f efEdik )f ESio hf \l nD armifoef;Edik fwkUd aeonf/
ol\0w¦Konf xkdtcgu emrnfxGufpjyKvsu&f dSaom vufa&G;pifr*¾Zif;wGif ygaponf/ uRefawmfonf twef;tm;csdew f iG f ol\aetdrf
(vufa&G;pifr*¾Zif;udk pwifwnfaxmifol t,f'w D mrSm *sme,fausmw f iG f rMumcPa&;avh&dSaom odUk rMumcP oGm;avh&o dS nf/ ol\tdrfwiG f "gwf
uG,v f eG of l tqef;q&mBuD;jzpfonf/) udkA[de;f a&;aom 0w¦Kwdk\trnfrSm ]]avvGihfol}} jzpfí pufwpfvkH;&S\ d /
ypön;f rJt h csi;f csi;f qif;&Jaomb0tauGUüawGUqHkum &if;ESD;cifrifyHk obm0udkjyxm;aom iwfrGwf ud kA [d e f; wG i f vl a wGc spf cif w wfa om
jcif;bGUJ wpfykd'f jzpfayonf/ arwÅm"gwf <u,f0onf/ txl;ojzifh olonf
'*kefr*¾Zif;wGiyf g0ifaom ol\ ]]b0c&D;}}trnf&0Sd w¦Kwdkum; 0w¦Kwk*d P k Ef Sifh <u,f0jynfhpv Hk S uav;rsm;udk tifrwefcspfcifwwfonf/ wpfaeU
onf/ ukvm;-Armt"du½kP;f udk aemufum;cHum? qif;&JrJGawaom yef;csDq&m oli,fcsif;ESpf ausmif;tm;csed fwiG f ajrEkvrf;&St d rd o f Ukd oGm;vnf&m
a,muf\arwÅmESifh iwfrw G fjcif;taMumif;udkaygif;pyfum a&;om;xm;onf/ onftxJwGif t&if;&Sif olonf (4) ESpo f m;t&G,f uav;av;udk 'l;ESpf
pepf\pm&dwu Å dkvnf; odraf rGUpGm xnfo
h iG ;f xm;ao;onf/ buf Mum;wGif ayGUzufum ]]onfaqmif;a[ref}}
xGe;f at;pmtkyf jzefYcsda&;XmerSxw k af 0aom ]]"e&Siaf vmu}}um; Armpme,fZif;avmuwGif "gwfjym;udkziG hv f suf&do S nfudk awGU&onf/ uav;
xif&mS ;onf/ ]]"e&Sifavmu}}onf uGejf rLepf0g'udk rsKd;aphcsay;aom opfaphaumif;wpfaphjzpfonf/ av;\ESyfacs;rsm;udk olukd,fwkid f vufjzifhokwf
&Si;f vif;jywfom;ívSonf/ þpmtkyw f iG f udkA[de;f onf ta&;tom;\ Edkifeif;uRrf;usiaf Mumif; oifay;onf/ olonf onfuav;av;udk tifr
azmfMum;xm;ay\/ olonf pma&;aumif;olwpfa,mufjzpfonf/ wef tvdv k kud fonf/
t*Fvyd af jy;cgeD; olaxmifruscifu csm;vf'pfuif;\ emrnfausmf ]]arQmw f vifhvif}h } 0w¦KBuD; uRefawmfu rouFmí udkxGef;&Sdef bufoUdk
udk ]]vlYtvkd}}trnfjzifh a&;zl;onf/ odYk aomf wkid f;jynfysufcku d fEiS hBf uKHojzifh pmrsufEmS (60) ausmo f m vSnhu f m ]]b,feh UJ vJ bkd;xGe;f &Sed f olUrSm tracsm?
yHkEdyS fNyD;pD;&ao;onf/ tu,fí onf0w¦KomxGufvmvQif ArmpmayavmuwGif ausmfapmxif&Sm; ta':acsmrS &Sd&JUvm;}}[k uav;udk ar;aighjy&if;
OD;rnfh 0w¦Kaumif;wpfy'k jf zpfayrnf/ olonf Ekid if Ha&;udpörsm;jzifh tvky½f yI af eav&m? wpfazmif½u kd f &,farmumar;vkduf\/ udkA[de;f u "gwfpufrS
aepOf aemufwpfazmifqufpDEikd &f ef yef;qd;k wef;&Sd xGe;f at;pmtkyfjzefYcsda&;Xme tvkyfcef;wGix f dik fum aomhukd om twGiv f n S haf eonf/ udkxGef;&Sdefonf
a&;ay;aom 0w¦Kjzpfonf/ olUrSm 0w¦Ka&;q&mBuD;wpfa,mufjzpfEidk faom vu©mawGtrsm;BuD;&So d nf/ tdraf &SUvrf;zufqDodUk ai;um ]]rodawmhvm;Asm}}
odkUaomf Armjynfukd vGwv f yfcsifaompdw?f qdk&S,fvpfEdkifiHawmf wnfaxmifvkdaompdwu f jyif; [k cyfNyKH;NyKH;ajzavonf/
xefveG ;f vSojzifo h m ausmif;om;b0uwnf;uyif axmifustqif;&JtepfemcHum Ekid if aH &;orm;jzpf ol\tdrfa&SUwGifum; q&mjzpfoif aum
vm&jcif; jzpfayonf/ vdyfausmif;ol rcifBuD;&So d nf/ udkA[def;onf
rcifBuD;tm; cspo f bl 0uwnf;uyif tawmfcspf
(3) \/ 1939 ckEpS f oDwif;uRwf ausmif;ydw&f uf
]]ZrÁLuRef;vH;k }}oDcsi;f cHudk *Dw\ twef0g&ifo h rl sm;om&ayonf/ udkA[def;onf ]]ZrÁLuRef;vH;k }} twGi;f u olEiS hfuRefawmf &Sr;f jynfokdU rEÅav;rS
oDcsi;f cHukd tptqH;k yifqdEk idk of nfrmS tHMh ozG,af umif;ayonf/ ]]ZrÁLuRe;f vH;k }}onf *Dw0daom"edusrf; jzwfíoGm;cJ\ h / xdkpOfu rEÅav;odkU rif;vwf
\ wpfrsufEmS ausmf &Snv f sm;onf/ oabFmjzifh qefwwfvsuf&dS&m oabFmay:wGif
at0rf;"gwfjym;rsm;udk olonf ESpo f ufonf/ jynfvSazqdkaom ]]ewf&iS af emif}} oDcsif;udk udkA[def;onf rcifBuD;taMumif;udk wpfwGwf
wl&,d mwD;rIwo f al wGUwkid ;f wD;cdkif;avh&o Sd nf/ ewf&iS af emifxrJ S ]]ay:aEGvvQi}f } &wkukd r&w&jzifh wGwaf jymvsu&f dS\/ rcifBuD;xHodUk wpfaeUwpf
nnf;onf/ 'kd&moef;at;\]]avSuav;}}udv k nf; ol tawmfoabmusonf/ apmifus pmxnfh\/ oabFmqdyu f rf; NrdKUwpfNrKd U
wuúov kd &f mZ0ifuxdu OD;bnTeUf oDq"kd gwfjym;oGi;f aom qkx;l &G,o f cD si;f udk olonf "gwfjym; okdUqkdufuyfvQif uRefawmfu pmwufí xnfh&
rxGucf ifuwnf;u &aeonf/ OD;bnTeYfrmS udAk [de;f ESichf if&m OD;bnTeYf wa,mav;eJUqdak vh&o dS nfukd \/ uRefawmft h arxHodUk pmxnf&h ef &efukefu
em;jzifhrSwfMum;um &ae[efwal vonf/ udkA[de;f u tjcm;Ekid if aH &;orm;rsm;vdkr[kw/f EdkifiHa&; pmrsufESm (32) okdU ....

NO
NO 1, VOLUME--33
1, VOLUME PAGE -- 23
PAGE 23
HISTORICAL
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

,cifvrS tquf NAdwdoQppfom;rsm;u av;ig;ESpfqufí ppf vkduf\/ bk&ifcHwif;rxm;Edkifawmh/ avsmh


(9) wkdufaevdkaom pdwf"gwfr&SdawmhNyD/ xkdUt
ay;&awmhonf/
1946 ckESpf? pufwifbmv (23)&uf? jyif tdEd´,jynfBuD;onf rMumrDaomumv bk&ifcH\trIaqmifaumifpDtm; (11)
trSwf (10)? a'gif;eif;vrf;? twGif;ü vGwfvyfa&;&oGm;awmhrnf/ þ OD;ESifh zGJUpnf;rnf/ (zqyv) rS (7) OD; yg
vef'efNrdKU/ tajctaeü tdE d´ ,jynfü Ekd if iH a&;acgif ;
0ifrnf/ aumifpDudk tpkd;&tzGJYyHko@mefESifh
&efuk ef wGifjzpfay:aeaom Ekdif iHa&; aqmiff rsm;jzpfMuaom *ED´? ae½l; tp&Sdaom
vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufrnf/ bk&ifcHu trIaqmif
rNidrfoufrIrsm;tm; vef'ef&Sd avbmtpkd;& yk*¾Kd vfrsm;onf jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;wkdufyJGudk
aumifpD\ obmywd/ AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;
onf ol\wyftiftm;ES if h acsrIe f; vdk\/ ESdrfeif;&eftwGuf tdE´d,ppfwyfrsm;tm; tu 'kwd,obmywd/ umuG,fa&;ESifh EkdifiH
(zqyv) ESifh aphpyfaqG;aEG;&ef qE´r&Sd/ oHk;csjcif;udk cGifhjyKMuvdrfhrnfr[kwfacs/ xkdU
jcm;a&;Xmeudk Adkvcf sKyfatmifqef;u wm0ef
vGwfvyfa&;ay;&ef rpOf;pm;/ udkvdkeDpepf aMumifh jrefrmEdkifiHtm; tomwMunfESifh ,lNyD; awmifwef;a'orsm;udk bk&ifcrH S wkduf
udkom tcdkiftrmESifh wnfaqmufcsifaeMu vG w f v yf a &;ay;vk du f j cif ; onf o mvQif
½dkuf wm0efcHrnf/
onf/ vGwfvyfa&;twGuf awmif;qkdwkduf taumif;qHk;enf;vrf;jzpfonf/ bk&ifcHESif (zqyv) wdkU n§dEdIif;í &
oGm;MuNyD/ AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;onf tpkd;&
(10) tzGJUacgif;aqmifwm0efudk tvHkvrf;? bk&ifcH
1946 ckESpf ? pufwifbmv (26)&uf/ aetdrf \ vufrS wfa&;xd k; &,lc JhNyD ;aemuf

]]... usKyfawmif;wm
at;at;aq;aq;
ray;&if
vlxu k kd
usKyx
f ed ;f Ekid af wmhrmS
r[kwfbl;/
xcsukefvrd fhr,f ...
rif;[ef
yGJ0ifaerItm; ppftiftm;ESifh ESdrfeif;vdkav pufwifbm (5) &ufa eYrS pwifcJ h wm0gvdef;vrf;aetdrfodkU jyefvmcJhonf/
onf/ odkUaomf jzpfEdkif? rjzpfEkdif csdefqíae aom ]]pufwifbm ta&;awmfyHkBuD;}} onf Adkvcf sKyfatmifqef;wdkUyg0ifaom tpkd;
Muonf/ a'gif;eif;vrf;rS NAdwdoQppfOD;pD; tm;aumif;íomvm\/ bk&ifcHonf (zq &? nDnTwfaom (zqyv) ESifh vlxkonf
AdkvfcsKyfBuD;rsm;xHodkU xifjrifcsufawmif;\/ yv) tm; trIaqmifaumifpDopfwGif yg0if ,m,DtrsKd;om;tpkd;&tjzpf tcsKyftjcm
AdkvfcsKyfBuD;rsm;rS a'gif;eif;vrf; trSwf (10) &ef urf;vSrf;aeaomfvnf; (zqyv) \ tmPmydkif wkdif;jyKjynfjyKvTwfawmfodkU t
odkU ¤if;wkdU\xifjrifcsufrsm;tm; tpD&ifcH awmif;qkdcsufrsm;tm; aps;qpfíom aeav a&mufcsDwufawmhrnf/
wifjyMu\/ onf/ rvkdufavsm/ AdkvfcsKyfa tmifqef ;
'k wd,urÇmppf BuD;wGif urÇmhta&SU onf bk&ifcHtm; ... (11)
wvTm;odkUoGm;a&mufum av;ESpfeD;yg;Mum ]]usKyfa wmif ;wm at;at;aq;aq; 1946ckESpf? Edk0ifbmv (4)&uf/
atmif &efol*syefrsm;tm; wkdufcdkuf&NyD;rS ppf ray;&if vlxkukd usKyfxed f;EkdifawmhrSm r[kwf trSwf (25)? wm0gvdef;vrf;?
Ekdifaom NAdwdoQppfwyfrsm;ESifh NAdwdoQvuf bl;/ xcsukefvdrfhr,f}} &efukeNf rdKU/
atmufcH tmz&duwkdufom; wyfrsm;onf [lí wzufrStm;udkjy Ncdrf;ajcmuf\/ AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;aetdrt
f ay:xyf\
tdrfjyefcsifaeMuonf/ jrefrmtrsKd;om;ppf wzufrS awmif;qkdcsufrsm;udk at;aq;pGmESihf (zqyv) tvkyftrIaqmiftzGJY tpnf;t
wyfESifhwom;wnf; pnf;vHk;nDnTwfvsuf &&SdEidk f&ef aphpyfndE§ Idif;\/ tavsmhtwif; vkyf a0; jyKvkyfaeonfrSm ESpf&uf&SdNyD/ qHk;jzwf
&Sda om jynfolvlxktiftm;BuD;udk NzdKcGif; Mu\/ pufwifbmv (29) &ufaeYwGif vl csuf rcsEdkiaf o;/ raeUnuvnf; oef;acgif
tEdkif,l &ef rSm ES pfaygif;rsm;pGm MumzG,f&Sd xkodef;ESifhcsDí puúLjzLpmwrf; uefUuGufyGJ ausmfrS tpnf;ta0;&yfem;vkduf&onf/ vl
onf/ jrefrmEdkiif H\rd;k &moD &TUH EGHrsm;twGif;ü jyKvkyfrnf[k AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;u aMujim pmrsufESm (30) okdU ....

PAGE - 24 SEPTEMBER 2009


COVER STORY
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

pmrsufESm (11) rsufESmzkH;aqmif;yg;rS ... i0efjrpf .../ tJh'DoabFmay:uae rwfwyf&yf


tcsKyfu m;rsm;0ifa &mufv mcJh NyD; rdr dw dk Y MunfhwJhoal wGawmif aow,f/ tJh'Dwkef;u
oydwfpcef;BuD;tm; vlpkcGJay;&ef toHcsJU ta,muf (30) avmufaow,fvdkY cefYrSef;&
pufrsm;jzifh atmfajymygw,f/ tJ'DrSm rdrdwkdY w,f/ tJh'Dwkef;u troli,fcsif;wpfa,muf
vIyf&Sm;&Jabmfrsm;[m oydwfpcef;BuD; rNydK ajcaxmufudkxdoGm;w,f/ trwdkYNrdKUrSm (9)
uGJap&ef trmcH&Jabmfrsm;tm; vkdufvHpnf; &ufaeYrS m ypf owfwJhtwGufaMumifh Nidr f
½kH;pkaqmif;í oydwfpcef;ywfywfvnfwGif oGm;w,f/ Nidro f Gm;NyD;awmh (24) &ufaeYrSmrS
vlxkBuD;tm; twef;oHk;wef;xyfum vuf jyefpEdkifw,f/ tJ'Dtcgusawmh pmawGudka0
csif;csdwf um&Hay;cJhygw,f/ 'DvdkeYJ rdk;csKyfvm w,f/ txu (1) rSm vlpkr,f/ pkNyD;awmh
cJhygw,f/ tJ'D tcsdefrSm ql;avbk&m;tm; ½kH;aygif;pHkbufudk csDwwfqE´jyr,f/ tJh'Dvdk
b,fnmawmifyHjzefY0dkif;í pufaoewfrsm; pDpOfxm;wm/ 'gayr,fh tJ'DaeYreufrS myJ
wifaqmifxm;wJh wifhum;ti,fpm;rsm; txu (1) udk wkdif; rSL;ua&mufvmNyD ;
armif;ESif0ifa&mufvmNyD; vlBuD;tm; NzdKcGif; ausmif;udk vmppfa q;aew,f/ tJ'Dawmh
&ef pwifygw,f/ wifu h m;rsm;u qvdkurf D; txu (1) rSm pvkdYr&awmhbl;/ &JawG? ppf
rsm;xkd;NyD; pufaoewfrsm;jzifh vlxktwGif; om;awG apmifhaeMuNyD/ ae&mr&SdwJhtcgus
ypfcwfygawmhw,f}} awmh csufcsif;yJ aemufwae&mudka&GU&w,f/
NrdKUawmfcef;ra&SY vlowfyGJwpfcw k nf; r[mcgawmfrSDbkef;BuD;ausmif;udk a&GUw,f/
ESifhyif AdkvfpdefvGiftm; &efukefNrdKUu om; tJ'Dbek f;BuD;ausmif;upNyD; qE´jywJhtcgrSm
owform;bGJY ay;xkdufcJhNyD .../ ausmif ;ola usmif; om; (34) a,mufyJy g
w,f / tJ ' D (34) a,mufu cgawmf rS D
rMunfMunfcif ausmif;uae pmwkdufBuD;udk csDwwfw,f/
rMunfMunfcifu yk odrf NrdK Uolj zpf wajz;ajz;eJY vlxkB uD;[m usrwkd YeJYtwl
onf/ 1988 ckESpfü &efukefwuúodkvfwGif yl; aygif;vmMuw,f/ pmwkd ufBuD;½k H;a&SU
"mwkaA'bmomt"dujzifh r[modyÜH 'kwd, a&mufawmh NrdKUe,faumifp DOuúX uaeNyD ;
ESp foifwef;tm; wufíaeonf/ olr u ppfom;ESpw f ef;eJY ½kH;aygif;pHk&SdwJhvrf;bufukd
1988 ckESpf? rwfvrSpwifNyD; jzpfyGm;cJhaom oGm;r,fhvrf;udk ydwfxm;vdkufw,f/ ta&SY
&efukew f uúodkvfausmif;om;vIyf&Sm;rIrsm;ü taemuf ppf om; (15) a,mufavmuf&Sd
wwfMuGpGmyg0ifcho J l wpfOD;jzpfonf/ NyD;vQif w,f/ aumifpDOuúXu usrwkdYudk vlpkcGJzdkY
ausmif;rsm;ydwfí ykodro f dkYjyefcJh\/ ykodrfwGif ajymw,f/ tJh'Dvrf;udkvnf; ay;roGm;awmh ckESpf rwfvü &efukefNrdKUtwGi;f jzpfay:cJhonfh
(8) av;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkBuD;ay:ayguf&ef bl;/ tJh'geJY usrwkdY qE´jywJhvltkyfBuD;[m qE´jyrIrsm;wGif yg0ifchJ\/ xkdpOfu olonf
BudK;pm;cJh\/ vIyf&Sm;cJ\
h / ykodrf (8) av;vHk; yef;NcHvrf;bufuaeNyD; jzwfxGucf JhMuw,f/ &efukefwuúodkvfü 'omedubmom&yf t"d
ta&;awmfyHkBuD;wGifvnf; wuf<upGm yg0if taemufuae ypfcwfwmawmh r&Sdbl;/ NyD; uESihf wwd,ESpfoifwef;wufíaeonf/ (8?
aqmif&GufcJhol .../ xkdYaemuf trsKd;om;'Drdk awmh bPfta&SYudk a&mufvmw,f/ tJh' D 8? 88) aeYwGif &efukefNrdKU urf;em;vrf; vlxk
ua&pDtzGJ YcsKyfod kY 0ifa&mufcJ honf/ ,ck bPfa&SYrSmyJ vlxkw&m;a[myGJawGudk pvkyf ppfaMumif;BuD;tm; pwifí OD;aqmifcJhonf/
olrESifhawGYqHkNyD; (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmfyHk w,f/ (24) &ufaeYusrSyJ ykodrf (8) av; NyD;aemuf ... trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJYcsKyfodkY
BuD;taMumif; ar;jref;cJhonf/ ykodrfNrdKU\ vHk;udk pjzpfEdkifcJhw,f}} 0ifa&mufcJh\/ A[dkvli,fvkyfief; tzGJY0if .../
aoG;pGef;aomaeY&ufrsm;tm; ajymjyonf/ wkdif;rSL;jrifh atmifu ykod rf\ om; xkdrS ... A[dkvli,fvkyif ef;wm0efcw H pfOD; .../
]](8) av;vkH;vkyfzdkY tiftm;,laewm owform;[lí ac:&rnf/ om;owform; NyD;vQif vGwfajrmufe,fajrESifh wuúokv d &f dyf
aygh/ q&m0eftoif;? a&SUaetoif;? tJ'grsK;d \atmufü ykodrfonf cPi,fwefYíoGm; omvrf; ul;vdkuf? oef;vdkuf vGef;xdk;íae
awGeJY trwdkYausmif;om;tkyfpkawGeJY quf onf/ jrifhatmifu ykodrftm; Nidrfí 0yfoGm; awmh\/ rMum ... (10) pkESpfwckausmf ...
oG,fwmaygh/ 'D yk odrf aumvdyfe JY &ef ukef ap&efvkyf\/ r& .../ ykodrfvlxkonf olY qdyfzvl;&eHhtm; oGm;a&muf ½Iduferf;í aecJh
wuúodkvfuausmif;om;awG tukefygwm orkdif;tm; ola&;xkd;awmh\/ ausmif;om; jyef\/ ,ckrl ... trsK;d om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJYcsKyf
aygh/ t"duu a&SYaeawGrsm;w,f/ a&SYae rsm;u OD;aqmifonf/ ponfhtcsdefü (34) (vGwfajrmufe,fajr) ü wm0efxrf;aqmif
awGeJY csdwfqufw,f/ tJ'Dwkef;u (8) av; OD; om&S d \/ tvHu dk if í csDw wfM uonf / vsuf&Sd\/ olESifhawGU\/ (8) av;vHk;ta&;
vHk;&efukefrSmjzpfaewJhtcsdef ykodrfrSm rjzpf xdktxJü ausmif;ol rMunfMunfcifonf awmfyHkBuD;taMumif; ar;jref;cJh\/ 8? 8? 88
ao;bl;/ ykodrfrSm pjzpfwmu (9) &ufaeY vnf; ygcJh\/ aeYtm; tao;pdwfcs,frIef;jy\/
rSjzpfw,f/ tJh'D (9) &ufaeYrSm ypfw,f/ ppfom;awGu usaemfwdkYeJY vrf; oHk;
vlpkuGJNyD; xGuaf jy;wJhval wGudkvnf; aemuf udkjrifph kd; av; vrf ;avmuftuGmvnf; a&mufaum
u vdkufypfw,f/ tJh'DrSm &Jpcef;a&SYrSmqkd&if udkjrifhpdk;u &efukefujzpfonf/ 1988 pmrsufESm (31) okdU ....

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 25
GRATE PERSON
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

tEkynmudk cHpm; jrwfEkd;onft ]]olYudk ykord f'*D &Daumvdyrf Sm pawGUu yHkawG/ pwl'D,dkrSm oDqdkwD;cwfaewJhyHkawG
xd ynmroifcJh&&ifawmif av; wnf;u ausmif;&JU aumf&pf 'gaxmifhwpf udkMunfh &if olYudk wpfyHkrSmrS oyfoyf&yf&yf
pm;wwfzdkYawmh oifcJh&ygr,f/ vl axmifhrSm rsufrSeftxlBuD;eJY pmtkyfeJYrsufESm rawGY&ygbl;/ wpfyHkuawmh *DwmwD;aeyHkudk
om;0g'DrSef&if r&SdrjzpfwJh t&nf uyfNyD; zwfaewmudkawGUcJhw,f/ ck qHk;cg;eD; teD;uyf½dkufxm;wJhyHk/ rsufrSeftxlBuD;eJY
tcsif; av;ck &S dw,f/ pl ;prf ;wJh tcsdefxd pmtkyfeJYjywfw,fqdkwm rawGYcJh vdIif;vdk acGwGefYaewJh qHyifawGu a0h0JusvdkY/
p½kduf? vGwfvyfrIudk y"mexm;wJh &bl;/ tcsdef&Sdoa&GU tEkynm wpfckr[kwf 1981 ckESpf? ykodrfaumvdyf ausmif;
p½dkuf? tvSw&m;udk cHkrifjrwfEdk; wpfckeJY aexdkifw,f/ wl&d,mypönf; wpfck om;b0uwnf;u ]]a0;oGm;wJhtcg}}? ]]rif;
wJhp ½kduf? vlom;rsKd;EG,fudk ,Hk r[kwf wpfcu k dkvnf; wD;rIwaf ewwfw,f/ r&Sd wJYaemuf}}pwJh oDcsif;awGa&;aeNyDjzpfwJh
MunfwJhp½dkuf/ tEkynm&Sifonf jrL;ZpfoDtkd&DawGukdvnf; ausmif;oifcef;pm ol[m ae&mwpfae&mrSm oD;oefYaew,fvdkY
b,fawmhrS tH0ifcGifusjzpfol r vdk pepfwusavhvmNyD; avhusifhw,f/ NyD; r&Sdyg/
[kwfyg/ awmh olodwmav;awG/ wwfwmav;awG ]]*Dw&SdwJhae&m? olpdwf0ifpm;wJh tEk
wjcm;olawGudk jzefYa0ay;ae&wmudk auseyf ynm&SdwJhae&m? *Dw&SdwJhae&m[m olYtdrfyJ/
armif o mrn&J Y qef Y u sif b uf w,f/ olu ydkufqHudkvnf; *½krxm;bl;/ olu pm;wm? aomufwm? tdyfwm tcsdef
aqmif;yg;rsm;qdkwJh pmtky fxJrSm
Mo*kwfv (14) &ufaeYu uG,f
vGefoGm;cJhwJh *DwtEkynm&Sif aw;
a&;? aw;qdk xl;tdrfoif rsOf;wm;
xm;wJh pmaMumif;av;awG jzpfyg
w,f/ tJ'DpmaMumif;av; awGu
ol&JUpdwfxm;eJYp½kdufudk azmfjyae
ovdkygyJ/
pmtkyf&JY a&SYqHk;rsufESmrSm oyf&yf
wJhvufa&;eJY‘]]udka&T aus;Zl;jyK
onf }} qdk wJhpmwef;av;eJY olY
vufa&;/
]]olr qH k;cif wpfywfavmuft
vdk u ud k,f' Dpmtkyfa v; vuf
aqmifay;cJw h ,f/ olu udka&T (a&T
a*smfa*smf ay;cJhw,fxifvdkY) udka&T a &$ td rf p nf
aus;Zl;jyKonfvdkY a&;cJhw,f/ olY
udk pmtkyfvufaqmifay;wdkif; ol
tJ'Dvdkav; a&;avh&dSw,f/ udkaZmf
opf aus;Zl;jyKonf/ udka&T aus;
Zl;jyKonf ponfjzifh ...? olYudk ay;
wJhpmtkyfudk qHk;atmifzwfoGm;&JY
vm;vdkY udk,fjyefMunfhMunhfawmh ol&JUtEkynmvuf &mawG[m arwÅmw&m;eJY ÓPfynm
qHk ;atmifzwfoG m;cJh w,fqd kwm
awGYcJh&w,f/ wcsKdUpm&Gufav;awG tNrJxHk rGrf;aew,f/ aiGaMu;? taygpm;ausmfMum; rIeJY
udkacgufvkdY/ wcsKYd pmaMumif;av; vufckyfoH?
awG rsOf;om;xm;w,f/ pmtkyf
zwf&if BudKufwJhpmom;av;awG tEkynm ta,mifaqmifrIawGudk odyfrkef;w,f}}
rsOf ;om;wm olYtusifh vdkY aw;
a&; jrifhrkd;atmifu pmtkyfav;udk ydkufqH&r,fhyGJawG rqdkbJ ydkufqHr&wJh olpdwf rSefwduswm bmwpfckrSrvkyfbl;/ *Dw&SdwJY
udkif&if; ajymw,f/ 0ifpm;wJhyGJav;awGrSm aemufuae AHkav; ae&m? *DwzefwD;vdkY&wJhae&mudk olu tdrf
aw;a&; jrifhrdk;atmif[m xl;tdrf wD;vdkuf? *pfwmav;wD;vdkuf? oDcsif;av; xufawmif cifwG,fwYJ oabm&Sdw,f/ tJ'D
oif&YJ 'kwd,ajrmuf aumfyDoDcsif; 0ifqdkvdkufeJY olu tJvdkrsKd;vdkY}} jrifhrdk;atmif rSm b,fvdkyHkpHeJYyJjzpfjzpf? jzpfwJhyHkpHeJY tusÐ
acGjzpfwJY ‘]]pum;vHk;r&SdwhJ aumif; u ajymygw,f/ wpfxnfwnf;eJY wpfvavmufvnf; ae
uif}}wpfacGvHk;twGuf oDcsif;a&; a&SUpm;yGJay:rSm "mwfyHkt,fvb f rfawG csifaewmyJ}}vdkY jrifhrkd;atmifuajymw,f/
om;cJhol jzpfygw,f/ NrdKUjyva&mifwrf; csif; tacGoGif;wke f;u aw;*Dwavmuu cifrif&if ;ESD;ol

PAGE - 26 SEPTEMBER 2009


GRATE PERSON
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

awGu olYukd ‘]]udkiSuf}}wJh/ ‘]]udkiSufBuD;}}wJh/


xl;tdrfoifrqHk;cif aq;cef;ydkYay;cJhol The
Ants aw;*D w&J Y armif a rmif a Zmf vwf [m
]]r[m0D& tdkAk'¨}}qdkwYJ oDcsif;udk xl;tdrfoif
eJY twlwlzefwD;cJholjzpfygw,f/ olu ]]udk
]] olu ol&Y UJ]]oufNidr}f } oDcsi;f xJu naeMu,fvkd vif;vufawmuf yqJrmS yJ?
½kwfw&uf uGJtufyJha<uoGm;cJyh gNyD/ olcspfwJh olaysmfarGYwJh *Dwavmuudk
touf (42) ESpft&G,frmS Mo*kwf

www.htooheinthin.blogspot.com
iSufBuD;u igwdkYtay: awmfawmfoHa,mZOf v (14) &ufaeYu pGefYcmG cJhwmudk
&Sdwm/ igwkdYudk jrLZpfoDtdk&DawG oifay;zl; vuf rcHcsifayr,fh r,HkMunfEkdif
w,f/ olyJ pdwfnpfoGm;wmyguGm/ olu pGmeJY vufcHvku
d f&ygNyD/
oifay;/ igwkdYu avQmufoa0xkd;aeawmh
wpfa,mufrS qHk;atmifroifjzpf cJhMubl;}}vkdY
owd&pGm ajymygw,f/ jrifcJhwmygyJ/ udk,fydkifoHpOfa&m? aumfyDyg
]]olUvdkvlrsKd; qHk;½IH;wm trsm;BuD;qHk;½IH; a&;aumif;wJh tEkynm&SifwpfOD; jzpfygw,f/
wmyguGm/ igwkdY&JY tudkwpfa,muf/ q&m tckawmh olu olY&JU ]]oufNidr}f } oDcsif;
wpf a,muf / aemuf NyD ; acgif ;aqmifwpf xJu naeMu,fvdk vif;vufawmufyqJ
a,muf qHk;½IH;wmygyJ}} rSmyJ? ½kwfw&uf uGJtufyJha<uoGm;cJhygNyD/ ol
1989 ckESpfu xl;tdrfoif&JU ]]oufNidrf}} cspfwJh olaysmfarGYwJh *Dwavmuudk touf
xGufNyD;cgprSm *Dway:jrifwJh tjrifwifruyJ (42) ESpft&G,frSm Mo*kwfv (14) &ufaeYu
pmayay:rSmvnf; opömeD&JUpmawG? auaZmf pGefYcGmcJhwmudk vufrcHcsifayr,fh r,HkMunf
&JYuAsmav;awGtaMumif; ajymMu&if; pdwf EkdifpmG eJY vufcHvdkuf&ygNyD/
twGif ;om;csif;wlwmrsm;vdkY teD;uyfqH k; 0if;rif;axG; a&;ay;wJhtwdkif; qE´jyK
jzpfcJhw,fqdkwJh aw;a&; a&Ta*smfa*smfu olY ygw,f/ iSufBud;Nirf;csrf;&modkY ysHoef;Ekdifyg
oli,fcsif ;eJYywfowfNyD; tckvd ka &;ay;yg ap .../
w,f/
]] udkav; (xl;tdrfoif) u vGwfvyfrI xl;tdrfoif (c) udkausmfjrifhvGif
www.htooheinthin.blogspot.com

udk jrwfEdk;w,f/ MunfvifcdkifcHhwJY tawG; (1? 7? 1963 - 14? 8? 2004)


tjrif&Sdw,f/ 'gaMumifh ol&JUtEkynmvuf (42) ESpf? tkwf*ltrSwf (51)/
&mawG[m arwÅmw&m;eJY ÓPfynm tNrJxHk tqdkawmf? aw;a&;q&m? uAsmq&m?
rGrf;aew,f/ aiGaMu;? taygpm;ausmfMum; jrefrmpwl'D,dkavmuwGif udk,fydkif[ef wpf
rIeJY vufckyfoH? tEkynm ta,mifaqmifrI rsKd; vrf;opfxGifcJhol? 1986 wGif em&Day:rS
awGudk odyfrkef;w,f}} rsuf&nfpufrsm;trnf&Sd udk,fwd kifa&;qd k?
]]olYudkqHk;½IH;&wm b,folYtay:rSmr aw;pD;&D;jzifh *Dwavmuudk 0ifa&mufonf/
qdk nDtpfudkrdwfaqGqefqef qufqHwuf &Spfav;vHk;ta&;awmfyHktNyD; ppfwyfrS tm
wJh omrefvlom;wpf a,muf taeeJYa&m/ Pmodrf; NyD;aemuf awmfvSefa&;e,fajrodkY
EdkifiHwpfEdik fiH&UJ &Sm;&Sm;yg;yg; tEkynmorm; a&muf&SdcJhNyD; ]]ta&;BuD;NyD}}oDcsif;a&; om;
ppfppfwpfa,muftaeeJYyg qHk;½IH;&wmyg/ 'g cJho?l wpfudk,af wmfpD;&D; (14) acG tygt0if
[m National Loss yg/ uRefawmf idka<u;rdyg tjcm;tqdkawmfrsm;ESifh wGJzufívnf; aw;
w,f }} pD;&D;rsm; xGuf&SdcJhonf/
vGefcw Jh JY wpfvcGJavmufuyJ rdueG af xm
vdkY trnfay;xm;wJh orD;jzpfol&JU udk;ESpf ]] ...ta&;BuD;NyD nDaemiftaygif;wkdY
www.htooheinthin.blogspot.com

jynfharG;aeYyGJrSmawmif cgwdkif;vdk ydefydef yg; aoG;pnf;um nDapnDMupdkY


yg;eJY awGU&ao;wJYolYudk 'Davmuf jrefjref igwkdY&JUordkif;wpfacwfudk
qefqefxGufoGm;&r,fvdkY b,folrS xifr igwdkYaoG;eJY a&;cJhonf
xm;cJhygbl;/ aoG;opömvnf; jyKcJhNyD
*Dw oufwrf; (14) ESpftwGif; wpf EdkifiHawmftwGufqdk
udk,fawmf t,fvfbrf (14) acGxJu olY&JU toufudkvnf; bmrxD
]]tarhtrd f}}? ]]tarh&JY'ku©tdk;av;}}?‘ ]]&mZ0if aoygap cGyaf 'gif;aoG;eJU &J&Ja&SUudkcsD ...}}
rsm;&JU owdk;orD;}}? ]]r[m0D& tdkAk'¨}} tygt
0if oDcsif;wkdif;vdkvdk EkdifiHtESHYtjym;u vl (awmfvSefa&;e,fajrwGif a&;om;cJhonfh
i,fxk&UJ yg;pyfzsm;udk a&muf&Sw d ht
J xd atmif ]]ta&;BuD;NyD}}oD;csif;rS) + + +

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 27
SCIENCE & SOCIETY
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

(1)

]olYtoufrSm (40) 0ef;usifcefY


&Sdrnfxifonf/
u&ifvlrsKd;jzpfí
usaemf þ&yfuGufokdYajymif;a&TYcJhNyD;aemuf yxrOD;pGmoduGsrf;&if;ESD;cJhonfh
rdwfaqGrSm ]]rkuwd}}jzpfonf/ rkuwd\tdrfrSm
usaemfhtdrf\rsufapmif;xkd;wGif&Sdonf/ rkuwdtdrfESifh usaemfhtdrftMum;wGif
uGefu&pfcif;vrf;oG,fESifh a&eDajrmif;i,fwpfck&Sd\/ rkuwdtdrfu a&eDajrmif;tm;
arS;wifí aqmufxm;\/ oGyfrkd;? usLx&Hum oJyGwfcif;jzpfonf/
tom;ta&u rnKd .. / (8) ay (10) ay ywfvnfcefY&Sdrnf/ refusD;yiftkyftkyfrsm;aMumifh t&dyf& \/
vwfonf/ a&eDajrmif;ab; refusD;yift&dyfatmufü rkuwd\aetdrfuJhodkYyif tdrfi,f (6) vHk;
cefY&Sdonf/ usaemfu olwkdYtpktm; refusD;yifpk[k trnfay;xm;\/
&iftkyu f m;um;? olwkdYtm;vHk; aqmufvkyfa&;tvkyf]]qkduf}}rsm;wGif tvkyfvkyfMuonf/
vufarmif;tkd;aumif;aumif;? usaemfhtdrfa&SYwnfhwnfhwGif a&eDajrmif;tm;jzwfausmf&ef uGefu&pf
t&yfaxmifaxmifarmif;armif;ESihf wHwm;xkd;xm;onf/ eHeuf (7) em&DceYfwGif olwkdY wHwm;abmifay:wGifxkdif&if;
tvkyfqif;&ef um;apmifhMu\/ uefx½dkufwmu olwkdYtm; um;ESifhBudKNyD;
jzpfonf/ tvkyf]]qkduf}}odkY ydkYay;\/ nae (5) em&DwGif olwkdY tvkyf ]]qkduf}}rS
olYuMdk unfhvQif jyefvmMu\/ uefx½dkufwm\ um;ESifhyif .../
eHeuf (7) em&Dxdk;NyD;qkdvQif ]]rkuwd}} tm; tvkyfqif;&ef
ajymufusm;ppftust Ð EGr;f av;tm; wHwm;abmifay:rSxkdifí um;apmifhaeonfudk awGY&NyD/ olYtoufrSm (40)
0wfxm;NyD; 0ef;usifcefY&Sdrnfxifonf/ u&ifvlrsKd;jzpfí tom;ta&u rñdk .../ vwfonf/
&iftkyfum;um;? vufarmif;tkd;aumif;aumif;? t&yfaxmifaxmifarmif;armif;ESifh
'l;qpfxad &mufonfh jzpfonf/ olYudkMunfhvQif ajymufusm;ppftusÐtEGrf;av;tm; 0wfxm;NyD;
abmif;bDwkdESihf .../ 'l;qpfxda&mufonfh abmif;bDwkdESihf .../ vufxJwGifrl
olYZeD;onfxnfhay;vkdufonfh yvwfpwpfxrif;bl;tm; udkifxm;rnf/
naetvkyfrS jyefvmvQifrl tpdrf;a&mif ajymufusm;ppftusÐtEGrf;av;onf
t*Fawrsm;ayusHí jzLa&mfa&mftqif;jzpfaernf/ yvwfpwpfxrif;bl;tm;
udkifxm;aom ol\vufwkdYu t*Fawrsm;ESifh jzLazG;íaernf/
bdvyfajreHYESifhacR;eHYonf a&maxG;í olYcE¨mwGif pGJíaernf/ tdrfa&mufvQif
tdrfeHab;a&wGif;rSa&tm; iifí acgif;rSavmif;ícsKd;rnf/ NyD;vQif
orD;i,f ]]aemfeDwm}} tm; ykcHk;wGifxrf;NyD; vrf;xdyf&Sd ukefpHk
qkdifodkYoGm;rnf/ orD;twGuf rkefYwpfckck0,frnf/ olYtwGufrSmrl ... 150 ykvif;1
ESifh t&ufjzLwpfu'f20,frnf/ t&ufjzL ]]wpfu'f}} tm; w&Sdefxkd;armhcsNyD;
xrif;pm;rnf/ þwGifrS olpm;vkdY0ifrnf/ tdyfvkdYaysmfrnf/ r[kwfygu aeYvnfu
yifyef;xm;onfht&SdefaMumifh aumif;aumif;tdyfraysmfcsif .../
[kdu anmif;ovdkvkd .../ cg;uawmifhovkdvkd? vufjyifu
atmufcsifovkdvdkjzpfrnf/ t&ufjzLav;wpfu'faomufvkdufvQifrl
bmrQr&Sdawmh/ ovkdvkdawGtm;vHk; aysmufukef\/
aemufwaeYtdyf&mEkd;vQif ZeD;onfxnfhay;vkdufonfh xrif;Al;tm;qGJí
wHwm;abmifay:wGifxkdifNyD; tvkyfqif;&ef um;apmifhrnf/
oHo&mwpfywfvnfjyefonf/

(2)
]]usaemfu cifAsm;udk ref;rkuwdvkdYac:&rvm;/
apmrkuwdvdkYac:&rvm; ...
waeY ... olESifhpum;ajymjzpfonfESifh usaemfu OD;pGmar;rd\/
]]rkuwdvdkYyJac:yg/ rkuwdu usaemhfemrnfr[kwfbl;As .../
usaemfh&Gmtrnf/ usaemf autJef,lxJpa&mufawmh wyfxJrSm usaemfeJY
emrnfwl&Sdaeawmh trsm;u usaemfh&GmemrnfyJac:&if;eJY rkuwdjzpfvmwm .../
wyfuxGufNyD; 'DrJaqmufa&mufawmhvnf; rkuwdyJwGifaeawmhwm .../
1/ 150 ykvif; = xkdif;EkdifiHvkyf tcsKd&nf/
2/ wu'f = wpdwf (av;ykHykH wykH)

PAGE - 28 SEPTEMBER 2009


SCIENCE & SOCIETY
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

rkuwd&Gmu zm;tHhNrdKUe,ftwGif;rSjzpfonf/ rkuwd&Gmu cavmufEkdY&GmESifh &Gmcsif; udkajymif;w,f/ tkef;zsefudak jymif;awmh usaemfwkdY


uyf&yf&Gmjzpfonf/ cavmufEkdY&Gmom;wkdYu pum;<u,f\/ vSawmom;wkdY? csDygom; vkdurf oGm;awmhbl;/ tvkyfuvJ rSefaeNyD/ t
wkdYuho
J kYd yif pum;t&mwGif<u,f0aMumif; emrnfBuD;\/ cavmufEkdY&GmeD;csif;om; rkuwd vkyfqkdux f rJ Smvnf; aevdkY&w,fqdkawmh rdef;r
url pum;r<u,f/ pum;enf;\/ ar;rSajzonf/ ygac:NyD; tvkyfqkdufxJrSmyJ aevkdufMuw,f ...}}
]]yef;&Hvkyfwm ... b,favmufMumNyDvJ ...}} ]]p0if 0if csif ;awmh tMurf;aygh/ tvkyf
oltvkyfem;onfhwpf&ufwGif olYtdrfa&SY refusD;yif&dyfüxkdif&if; usaemfu rkuwd Murf;aygh/ rqvmyJ tazsmfcdkif;w,f/ waeY (60)
tm;ar;onf/ bwfay;w,f/ rqvmazsmw f hJb0eJY tMumBuD;
]]q,fhwpfESpf? q,fhESpfESpfavmufawmh&SdNyD .../ a[G;uvkyf'ku©onfpcef;u xGuf aecJh&w,f/ xkdif;rSm rqvmazsmw f mu bdvyf
vmNyD;uwnf;u 'Dyef;&HtvkyfyJvkyfcJhwm ...}} ajreJ Y oJyJoHk;w,f/ xHk;roHk;bl;/ bdvyfajr
]]yef;&Hrvkyfcifua&m ...}} wpfq? oJoHk;q pyfw,f/ Armjynf rSmawmh
]]&GmrSmwkef;uawmh uRJausmif;? EGmausmif;aygh .../ tiSm;ausmif;wm r[kwfygbl;/ wpfwpfokH; pyfwmvnf;&Sdw,f/ wpfoHk;ig; pyf
tdrfu uRJEGm;ausmif;wmygyJ/ (4) wef;avmufxd twef;ausmif;aeNyD;? tyg;u oCFef; wmvnf;&Sdw,f/ wpfwpfoHk;qkdwmu bdvyf
pD;ay;vkdufw,f/ ukd&ifb0eJYyJ (&) ESpf (8) ESpfMumcJhw,f/ bkef;BuD;ausmif;rSmyJ r*Fv ajrwpfq? xHk;wpfq? oJoHk;q? tckaemuffydki;f
okwf? &wema&TcsKdifh? tjyifatmifjcif;? twGif;atmifjcif; oifcJh&w,f/ udk&ifu xGuf awmh ArmjynfrSmvnf; uefx½kdufawGu wpf
awmh vlysKdaygufjzpfaeNyD/ (16-17) t&G,faygh/ tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ OD;av;u &Gmudkvmjyef oHk;ig;yJ tpyfrsm;Muawmhw,f/ wpfoHk;ig;qdk
vnfw,f/ vmjyefvnfw,fqdkayr,fh ay:ay:xifxifvmwmawmhr[kwb f ;l / tJ'Dwkef; wmu bdvyfajrwpfq? xHk;oHk;q? oJig;q}}
u OD;av;u autJef,lxJa&mufaeNyD/ AdkvfrSL;awmfvSwyfxJrSm/ &Gmu aumifpDOuúX ]]usaemfwdkYqkdufrSmu rqvmazsmfwmudk
vnf;odwmyJ/ rjrifcsifa,mifaqmifaevdkufwmyJ/ tJ ...OD;av;vnf;jyefa&m usaemf (2) rsKd;oHk;w,f/ t*Fawavmif;rSmqkd&if rqvm
vnf;OD;av;eJY vdkufcJhawmhwmyJ/ &Gmu av;ig;a,mufavmufvJ OD;av;eJYvdkufcJhMu udkazsmfpufeJY azsmw f ,f/ tJh'gu oufomw,f/
ao;w,f .../ pufxJukd bdvyfajr? oJeJYa& olYtcsKd;twkdif; xnfh
]]tJh'Dwkef;u (8) av;vHk;awmif rjzpfao;bl;/ ygwD? aumifpDacwfyJ&Sdao;wm/ ay;vkduf½kHyJ/ NyD;&if pufuarTYNyD; azsmaf y;oGm;
oifwef;wwfawmh ]]opfabmbkd;}}rSm oifwef;wwf&w,f/ oifwef;NyD;awmh ]]rJoa0g}} w,f/ tkwpf DwmwkdY tacsmudkifwmwkdY&Sd&ifawmh
udkoGm;&w,f/ ]]armfzkd;au}}udk &efolu &oGm;NyD;wJhaemuf ]]rJoa0g}}udk zdwkduv f mw,f/ rqvmudk vleJYyJazsmfw,f/ aygufjym;eJYyJ arT&
tJh'DtwGuf ppfulomG ;&wm/ (4) vavmufMumw,f/ ]]rJoa0g}}rusbl;/ rdk;usvmawmh w,f/ ap;aeatmife,f&w,f/ yef;&Hq&mu vm
&efolvnf; xkd;ppfuk&d yfvkdufw,f/ tJ'Dwkef;u ]]rJoa0g}}rSm wm0ef,w l mu AdkvfrSL;BuD; Munfhw,f/ ap;NyD;vm;? orNyD;vm;? vkdao;w,f
ueJrDvdkYxifw,f/ &efolYxkd;ppf&yfoGm;awmh ]]usaemfwkdY ]]aumfrl;&m}}udkjyef&w,f/ (8) qdk&if arTaya&mh .../ vufarmif;awG? ausmawG?
av;vHk;ta&;tcif;NyD;awmh ausmif;om;awGtrsm;BuD;a&mufvmw,f/ vlawGursm; cg;awGudkatmifhaewmyJ/ yef;&Hq&mu olYpdwf
awmh usaemfwkdYvnf; qefeJYiydyJxkwfay;Ekdifw,f/ iSufaysmtlwpfvSnfh? oabmFoD; BudKufrqvm&NyDqdkawmhrS &yf&w,f ....}}
wpfvSnfheJYyJ ESpfyg;oGm;Mu&w,f/ iSufzsm;eJY aowJhvlawG&Sdwmaygh/ b,fESpfa,muf rqvmazsmfwm awmfawmfuRrf;usifNyD;
&,fvkdYawmh twdtusrodbl;/ aowmawGawmh&Sdw,f}} qkdrS wqifhwwfNyD; vkyf&w,f/ tkwo f ,f&
]] autJef,u l ae usaemftem;,lcJhwmm ... (96) ckESpf (6) vydkif;avmufxJrSmyg/ w,f/ [kwfuJh/ aeYpm;cvnf; wkd;ay;vmw,f/
tem;,lawmh txl;wyf&if; (101) rSm 'kwyfMuyfjzpfaeNyD/ wyfuxGufNyD; rJoa0g&Gm tJh'Dwkef;u (80) &w,f/ tkwfo,fwJhtvkyf
BuD;xJrSm BuHK&mvkyfpm;NyD;awmhaew,f/ tdrfaxmifvJrusao;bl;/ wpfESpfausmfausmf uvnf; rvG,fbl;/ yef;&Hq&m b,fvkdtkwf
Mumw,f/ NyD;awmhrS ]]a[G;uvkw}f }'ku©onfudka&mufwm .../ [kwu f hJ/ 'ku©onfrSmyJ udk vkdcsifaeovJqkw d mukd,fu jrifwwf&w,f/
oleJY tdrfaxmifuswm/ usaemhfrdef;rZmwdu NrdKifuav;bufuyg/ olYtudktBuD;qHk; av;ayguftkwfvm;? ajcmufayguftkwfvm;?
vnf; autJef,lxu J yJ/ olYtudk tpfrawGeJYvmaewm/ tJ'DrmS usaemfeJYawGYNyD; nm; q,fayguftkwftaumif ; vdkcsifwmvm;qdk
wm/ olu tysKad wmhr[kwfbl;/ t&iftdrfaxmif&dSzl;w,f/ tdrfaxmifusNyD;awmh pcef; wmod&w,f/ cGJpdwfcef;rSm cGJpdwfaewJh q&m
tjyifudkxGufNyD; usaemftvkyfav;bmav; xGufvkyfw,f/ wpfywfq,f&uf xGufvkyf 0efBuD;&JhvufxJudk ab;u tulq&m0efawGu
vkduf? 'ku©onfpcef;jyefvmvkduaf ygh/ [if;&Hzkd;av;? rkefYzkd;yJzdk;av;xGuf&Sm&wmaygh/ vdkwJhypönf;udk toifx h nfhay;&ovdky/J usm;yg;
'ku©onfrSmu qef? qD? jiKyfay;ayr,fhvnf; [if;&Hzd;k u vkdw,fr[kwv f m; ...}} pyfawG zGiyfh pfcJhawmhr,f/ axmifhcsKd;awG ? abmuf
]][ifhtif;}} awG? tauGYawGa&mufawmhr,fqdk&if q,f
]]tJ'Dwkef;u yef;&Hrvkyaf o;bl;/ ajymif;csKd;wmwkdY yJ&w
d fwmwkdY xGufvkyw f m/ &&m ayguftkwfrvdkbl;/ av;aygufwkdY ajcmufayguf
usbrf;aygh/ rrSefygbl;/ tJh ...]]a[G;uvkwf}}'ku©onfpcef; rD;ravmifcif oHk;av; wdkYavmufyJvkdw,f/ av;ayguftkwf? ajcmuf
vavmufrSmrS ]]r,fy}}bufu yef;&HtzGJYwpfzJGYeJY tquf&NyD; aqmufvkyfa&;]]qkduf}}xJrSm ayguftkwfqdkwmu tkwfusKd;udkajymwmyg/
tvkyf&w,f/ tJ'DawmhrS yef;&Hpvkyfwm/ tvkyf`qkdu´fuvnf; `r,fy´rmS yJqkdawmh ]]a[G; tJh 'gudk rodyJ tkwfo,form;u q,fayguf
uvkwf}}eJY bmrSra0;bl; / vdkif;um;pD;&if (10) rdepfqdk&if a&mufw,f/ tvkyf]]qkduf}}u tkwftaumif;udkoGm;ay;&if yef;&Hq&mu tkwf
(15) &ufwpfcg ydkufqH&Sif;w,f/ ydkufqH&Sif;wJhaeYqkd&if tvkyfwpf&ufem;w,f/ tJawmhrS udk zJah e&wJhtwGuf tvkyfydkw,f/ yifyef;w,f/
usaemf ]]a[G;uvkw}f }udkjyefw,f/ ]]a[G;uvkwf}}rD;avmifwJhupd öawmh tudkodrSmaygh/ tavtvGifhvnf;jzpfw,f/ tkwfo,form;u
rD;avmifNyD; a[G;uvkwfysufa&m .../ ysufawmh 'ku©onfawGudk tkef;zsef'u k o© nf pcef; pmrsufESm (38) okdU ....

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 29
HISTORICAL
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

pmrsufESm (24) tpG,fvkdolrsm;aqmif;yg;rS .... 0g&Dv (31) &ufaeYrwdkifrD aMujimcdkif;½kHeJU

www.google.com
awGu yef;íae\/ (zqyv) tzGJUrS bk&if rvHkavmufbl;/ raMujim&if usaemfwkdU bm
cH trIaqmifaumifpD tpkd;&tzGJUwGif 0if NyD; vkyfr,fqkdwm yg&r,f/ tJ'gryg&if usaemf
wpfvausmfausmf umvtwGif; (zqyv) wkdU&JUqHk;jzwfcsufudk NAdwo d Qtpkd;&u zkdifwGJ
taejzifh aemufwqifh vGwfvyfa&;twGuf csifvnf; wGJxm;vdkufr,f/ puúLpkwfxnfh
vef 'ef tpk d;&udk awmif ;qdkrnhftaMumif ; wJhjcif;xJudk pkwfypfNyD; xnfhcsifxnfhxm;
aqG;aEG;aeMujcif;jzpfonf/ raeUnu ocif vdkufvdrfhr,f/ tJ'gaMumifh NAdwdoQtpkd;&u
Ekonf (zqyv) A[dk tvkyfrIaqmiftzGJU raMujim&if usaemfwkUd bmvkyfr,fqdkwmudk
odkU tqdkwpf&yfwifí aqG;aEG;onf/ xnfh&r,f/ rxnfhvdkU rjzpfbl;/ tmPmzD
NAdwdoQtpkd ;&taeESifh jrefrmjynf\ qefw,fqdkwm rvkyf&ifrjzpfvkdUvkyf&wm/
vGwfvyfa&;udk wpfESpftwGif;ay;ygrnf[k vG,fwJhudpör[kwfbl;/ tdE´d,rSm r[wÅr
1947 ckESpf? Zefe0g&Dv (31) &ufaeUrwkdifrDS *E´D[m tEkenf;tmPmzDqefzdkU olUvlawGukd
vef'ef&Sd avbmtpdk;&u aMujimay;&ef/ nTefMum;w,f/ vlwcsKUd om em;axmifw,f/
NAdwd oQtpkd ;&u raMujimay;ygu wcsKdUu em;raxmifbl;/ usaemfwdkU ArmawG
bk&ifcHtrIaqmifaumiffpDtpdk;&tzGJUrS (zq u odyfpdwfqwfw,f/ tEkenf;eJU b,f
yv) udk,fpm;vS,frsm; EkwfxGufrnf/ NyD; avmuf xd tmPmzDqefEdki frvJqdkw mudk
vQif jrefrmhvw G fvyfa&;twGuf tEkenf;jzifh apmifhMunfh&rSmyJ/ tdE´d,rSm wcsKdUvlawG[m
tmPmzDqefa&;wkdufyGJrsm; qifETJoGm;rnf/ tMurf;zufvmwJhtcg *E´D[m tmPmzDqef
ocifE\ k aqG;aEG;csurf sm;tm; qkd&S,f usaemfwdkU ArmawGu odyfpdwf a&;udk ½kyfodrf;ypfvkduf&w,f/ usaemfwkdY
vpfygwDrS OD;ausmfNidrf;u axmufcHonf/ qwf w,f/ tEkenf;eJU b,f vlawGu usaemfwdkUpum;udk em;raxmifyJ
OD;babwkdUu uefUuGuf\/ usefvlrsm;rSm avmufxd tmPmzDqefEdkif tMurf;zufvm&if tmPmzDqefa&;udk csuf
awmh rnfonfhoabmxm;rS rajymMu/ Adkvf rvJqdkwmudk apmifhMunfh&rSm csif;&yfypf&rSmyJ}}
csKyf\oabmxm;tm; odcsifMuyHk&\/ olU yJ/ tdE´d,rSm wcsKdUvlawG[m Akd vfcsKyfa tmif qef ;aqG;aEG ;NyD ;onfh
oabmxm;tm; aqG;aEG;vkdufygu usefvl tMurf;zufvmwJt h cg *E´[D m aemuf (zqyv) tvkyrf IaqmiftzGJUrS ocif
rsm;u Adk vfcsKyf \oabmxm;twkdif; &yf Ek\tqkdudk ruefYuGufMuawmh/ tm;vHk;rS
tmPmzDqefa&;udk ½kyford f;ypf
wnfMurnf/ AdkvfcsKyfuaxmufcHygu o axmufcHvkdufMuonf/ (zqyv) tvkyfrI
abmrwlaomfvnf; axmufcHMurnf/ Adkvf vkdu&f w,f/ usaemfwkdY vlawG aqmift zGJ U tpnf ;ta0;um; NyD ; avNyD /
csKyfuuef UuG uf ygu axmufc Hc sif aomf u usaemfwdkUpum;udk em;r &efukef NrdKUu Nidrf oufpGmvJavsmif;íae
vnf; olwkdU uefUuGufMurnf/ xdkYaMumifh axmifyJ tMurf;zufvm&if tm onf/ wcgwcg wm0gvdef; vrf; ray:rS
Ad kv fc sKyf atmifqef; u ol \oabmxm; PmzDqefa&;udk csufcsif;&yfypf armif;ESifoGm;aom armfawmfum;oHrsm;tm;
tm; t&ifrwifjyjcif;jzpffonf/ þodkUESifh &rSmyJ ... Mum;&onf/ AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;onf tdyf
raeUu tpnf;a0;onf neufoef;acgif cef;twGif;odkU 0ifvmonf/ orD;i,f rpku
ausmfcJh\/ qHk;jzwfcsuf[lí rcsrSwfEdkifcJh/ óemjzpfw,f/ tJ'Dawmh 'Djyóemudk OD; rdcif\ab;ü ESpfESpfNcKdufNcdKuf tdyfaysmfíae
'kwd,n A[dktvkyfrIaqmiftzGJUtpnf;t pm;ay;NyD; aqmif&Gu&f r,f/ 'Dvdk OD;pm;ay;NyD; avNyD / Ad kvf csKyfatmif qef;onf ESpfN cdKuf
a0; ponfESihf AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;rS píaqG; raqmif&Guf&if vGwfvyfa&;udk usaemfwkdU pGmtdyaf rmusaeonfh ordD;i,frpk\ ezl;jyif
aEG;awmhonf/ rsufajcysufoGm;r,f/ 'DvGwfvyfa&;ay;yg odkU nifompGmerf;vkduf\/
]]vG wfvyf a&;[m ta&;tBuD;qHk;jy r,fvdkY NAdwdoQtpkd;&udk 1947 ckESpf/ Zefe aemufv qufvufazmfjyygrnf/

2M THAI FOOD
rS jrefrm?xdkif;ESifh tjcm;emrnfBuD;aom tm&Stpm;tpmrsm;udk t&omxl;uJpGmESifh aps;EIef; csdKompGmjzifh
pm;oHk;olrsm; pdwfauseyfrItjynfht0&&Sdap&ef rdrdpdwfwdkif;us 0,f,ltm;ay;EdkifygNyD/
jrefrmh½kd;&mtpm;pmrsm;udk tvSLyGJrsm;? arG;aeYyGJ? ygwDyJGrsm;ESifh tjcm;yGJvrf;obif tcrf;em;rsm; twGuf
BudKwiftxl;atmf'gvufcHygonf?
Available dine in, take away and catering. Please, call 0433228995 for pre-ordered
take away.
Our business hours are; 10 : 30 AM to 9 : 00 PM
On Friday, Saturday, Sunday and every Public Holidays
Authentic Thai Food Location; Shop 4/ 7 Bonner Drive, Malaga Market
MALAGA MARKET
LOOKING FOR DELICIOUS AUSTHENTIC THAI FOOD?

PAGE - 30 SEPTEMBER 2009


COVER STORY
pmrsufESm (25) rsufESmzkH;aqmif;ygrS .... NydKvJrnfudku (igum; ... rodEdkif) aygh/ onf/ tkyfpkd;ol ppfwyfrsm;\ &ufpufMurf;
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...
ppfom;awGu tJ'DbPfxJudk olYbmol jyef wrf;pGmqufqHrIatmufü ydjym;íaeonf/ t
0ifoGm;Muw,f/ wm;r,fhqD;r,fhyHk ray:bl; udkxGef;xGef; aMumufw&m;u BuD;vSonf/ þodkYaomf NrdKU
qdkawmh usaemfwkdYtm;&oGm;w,f/ tJ'rD Sm tvH udkxGef;xGef;u u&ifjynfe,f? jr0wDNrdKU wGifyif (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkordkif;tm;
awG axmifNyD;awmh urf;em;vrf ;wavQmuf Zmwdjzpf\/ 1988 ckESpfwGifrl olonf t&yf jr0wDvlxku a&;xkd;cJhMu\/
awmufavQmufcsDwwfawmhwmyJ/ tJ 'Dawmh om;wpfOD;omjzpfonf/ olum; armfvNrdKif pdefY
tvH omaxmifx m;ayr,fh vl awG u vrf ; ywfx&pf ausmif;om;a[mif;/ txu (5) udkarmifarmif0rf;
avQmufcsDwwfNyD; bma<u;aMumfoHrSvnf; r armfvNrdKifausmif;om;b0rSmyif ta&;tcif; udkarmifarmif0rf;u 1988 ckESpfwGif &ef
atmfao;ygbl;/ 'Dtwdkif; vrf;avQmufvm rsm;ü yg0if vIyf &Sm;cJhzl ;\/ udkx Gef;xGef ;ae ukefwuúodkvf pwkwåESpf Oya'ausmif;om;
w,f/ tJ'DrSm vlawGu olYtvdktavsmufudk onfh pdefYywfx&pfausmif;u armfvNrdKifwuú jzpfonf/ Zmwdu a&eHacsmif;jzpf\/ 1988
yl;aygif;yg0ifvmMuwm vlwef;BuD;u t&Snf odkvfESifheD;onf/ wuúodkvaf usmif;om;rsm;\ ckESpf? ZGefv &efuek fwuúodkvfta&;awmfykHBuD;
BuD;jzpfvmw,f/ urf;em;vrf;twkdif; avQmuf ausmif;om;ta&;tcif;rsm;jzpfonfhtcgwkdi;f wGif OD;aqmif&efyg0ifcJhonf/ (8) av;vHk;t
vmw,f/ avQmufvmNyD;wJhtcgusawmh t pdefYywfx&pfausmif;rS ausmif;om;rsm; yg0if a&;awmfyHkBuD; jrefrmEdkifiHtESHUay:aygufa&;t
wGif;0ef ½kH;? twGif;0ef½kH;uaeNyD;awmh ajreD Mu\/ 1972 ckESpfwGif olonf vGwfajrmuf wG uf vIyf&Sm;&ef olYtm; ajrvwfa'ood kY
vrf;uae awmufavQmufwufvmw,f/ tJ'D a'oodkYxGufcmG cJh\/ jynfcspfvGwaf jrmufa&; wm0efay;\/ ajrvwfa'ovHk;qkdif&m ausmif;
tcsdefxdvnf; a<u;aMumfoHu ratmfao;yg wyfrawmfodkY0if\/ vufeufudkifawmfveS fa&; om;or*¾OuúXtjzpf wm0ef,l&\/ xkdpOfu
bl;/ bmatmf&r,fqkdwmvnf; rpOf;pm;rdao; tm; vkyfudkifcJhonf/ NyD;aemuf ...jr0wDodkY jyef or*¾tm; vQKdU0SufzGJYpnf;jcif;jzpfonf/ udak rmif
ygbl;/ vrf;yJavQmufaewm/ b,foGm;r,f? a&mufcJhjyef\/ (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkBuD; armif0rf;ESifh xkdif;-jrefrm e,fpyfwae&mwGif
b,fudk OD;wnfr,fqdkwmrodbl;/ usaemfwdkY wGif yg0ifcJhonf/ xkdYaemuf ...'kwd,tBudrf awGYjzpfcJh\/ (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkBuD;t
oli,fcsif;awGMum;xJuaeNyD;awmh ajymwm&Sd vGwfajrmufa'oodkYxGufcGmcJhNyD; jrefrmEdkifiH aMumif; jyefvnfajymjzpfMu\/ olu ol\
w,f/ 'Dtwkid f;vrf;avQmuf&wm t"dyÜg,fr&Sd vHk;qkdif&m ausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD; Zmwda&eHacsmif;NrdKUwGif (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmf
bl;/ atmfawmh atmfrSyJqdkNyD;awmh yxrOD;qHk; (ABSDF) odkY 0ifa&mufcJhonf/ ,ckrl qGD'if yHkBuD;taMumif; ajymjy\/
patmfwJh[muawmh zrf;qD;ausmif;om; jyef EkdifiHü/ olYtm; tD;ar;vfjzifhqufoG,fNyD; ar; ]]ajrvwfrSm (8) av;vHk;twGuf pwif
vTwfa&;/ acgif;xJ BudKwifpDpOfxm;wmvJr&Sd jref;&\/ vIyf&Sm;wm (2) &ufapmygw,f/ 6? 8? 88
bl;/ wpHkwa,mufu vmNyD;awmh wkdufwGef; ]]tpaeYrSm NrdKUuaejyefvmwJh ausmif; rSmpcJhwmyg/ tJh'Dtcsdefu wEdkifiHvH;k rSm pwif
vkdY ajymwmvJr[kwfbl;/ usaemfwdkYacgif;xJrSm om; (4) a,mufuaepNyD; reufydkif; jr0wD vIy&f Sm;cJhwJha'owckxJrSm wckyg0ifygw,f/
&Sdwm ausmif;om;awG tJ'DtcsdefrSm tzrf;cH aps;xJrSm a<u;aMumfoHawG a<u;aMumfNyD; pm usaemfwdkY qE´pjywJhaeY 6? 8? 88 aeYu
xm;&w,f/ qdkawmh jyefvTwfatmif awmif;qkd &Gufpmwrf;awG a0cJhMuw,f/ tpydkif;rSm aps; txufwef;ausmif;udk0ifpD;NyD; ausmif;0if;t
&r,f/ awmif;qkdcsufwpfcv k kyf&r,fqkdNyD;awmh vmwJhvlawGtaeeJYu olwkdY bmvkyfMurSef; v,frSm cGyfa'gif;tvHvTifhxlNyD; qE´jyawmh
usaemfwdkYoli,fcsif;awGu xatmfwm/ zrf; rodbl;/ olwkdYaps;udk (2) ywfavmuf ywfNyD; ausmif;om; (10) a,mufavmufyJ&Sdygw,f/
qD;ausmif;om;jyefvTwfa&; 'dkYta&; ...? zkef; csdefrSm olwkYdeJYtwl yl;aygif;yg0ifvmMuwm vl aMumufvdkY b,folrS 0ifrvmygbl;/ NrdKUxJrSm
armfta&;awmfykH atmif&rnf/ 'gygyJ tJh'DESpfck (11) a,mufavmufjzpfvmw,f/ tJ'Dtcsdef ausmif;om;wpfa,mufu aps;xJudk ywfNyD;
yJ/ awmif;qkdrIqkdwmjzpfoGm;w,f/ usefwJh 'Drdk rSmyJ &JawGa&mufvmvdkY olwkdY vlpkcGJvdkufMu& atmfw,f/ ]]txu (1) rSm olykefawG 0ifpD;
ua&pD&&Sda&;qdkwmvnf; acgif;xJr0ifbl;/ vlY w,f/ aemufwaeYreufydkif; aps;xJrSmyJ jyeff vdYkAsKdY}}qdkawmh ausmif;om;rdbawGu olwkdYom;
tcGifhta&;qkdwmvnf; acgif;xJr0ifbl;/ t"d qH kMuNyD; pDwef;vS nfh vnfa MuG;aMumfoHa wG orD;awGudpk kd;&drfNyD; ausmif;qDpkNyHKvmMuw,f/
uuawmh zrf;qD;ausmif;om; jyefvTwfa&; ...? a<u;aMumf? pm&Gupf mwrf;awG a0Mujyefw,f/ usaemfu ausmif;ay:wufoGm;NyD; cyfwnf
ta&;awmfykH atmif&rnf/ ESpfcsufyJ atmfoGm; tJ'Daps;xJrmS oHk;ywfavmuf ywfNyD;csdefrSmawmh wnf eJ Y ausmif;qif ;acgif;avmif ;xk d;vd ku f
w,f/ tJ'DuaeNyD;awmhrS ql;avbk&m;jyef yl;aygif;yg0ifvmwJhvlawGu tiftm; (200) w,f/ tJh'DrSmwif ausmif;om;awGu ausmif;
wuf? aemuf awmufavQmufBuD;udk csDwwf ausmf avmuf j zpfv mw,f/ tift m;rsm;vm wu,ff qif ;w,fx if N yD ; ...tcef;awG xJ u
vmMuwm aemufqHk; NrdKUawmfcef;ra&mufwJh awmh aps;xJuae NrdKUxJvrf;ray:udk wwf ajy;xGufvmawmhrS ausmif;om;awG pk½;kH vmMu
txdaygh/ (8) av;vHk;c&D;u atmifjrifpGmjzpf vmMuw,f/ NrKdUudkESpfywfavmuf ywfrdcsdefrSm awmhw,f/ usaemfu toifh,lvmwJh pm;yGJay:
oGm;w,fvkdY ajym&rSmaygh/}} awmh vltkyfBuD;u wpfaxmifausmfaeNyD/ tJ'D wwfw,f/ w&m;a[mw,f/ a<u;aMumfoHawG
udkjrifhpkd;u urf;em;vrf;tvkyform; aeYrSmyJ olwkdY[m vlpkrcGJMuawmhyJ jr0wDNrdKU a<u;aMumfw,f/}}
0ef;BuD;twGif;rS tvkyform;awG uvnf ; BuHcif;ydkif;rSm&SdwhJ BuHcif;ausmif;? &Srf;bkef;BuD; ]]rqvygwDacsrIef;a&; ... 'dkYta&;}}
tkwfeH&Hay:u ausmfausmfNyD; twif;wkd;Munfh ausmif;rSm oydwfpcef;zGifhvdkufMuw,f/ o ]]tmPm&Sifpepfwkdufxkwfa&; ...'dkYta&;}}
tjyifuvlxkuvnf; tvkyform;rsm;udkac: ydwfpcef;emrnfudk (a'gif;eDoydwfpcef;) qdkNyD; ]]ausmif;om;or*¾zGJYpnf;a&; ..'dkYta&;}}
tJ'DrSm ...tkwfwHwkdif;BuD;u 0kef;qdkNyD; NydKus emrnfay;vdkufw,f/ tJ'DvdkeJY usaemfaexkdif ]]'Drdkua&pDta&;awmfy ... atmif&rnf}}
oGm;w,f/ 'g[m usaemfwdkYtwGuf edrdwfyHk .../ &m (jr0wD) NrdKUvlxkBuD;[mvnf; (8) av;vHk; ausmif;om;awG qufvuffqE´jy&if; NrdKU
eH&HBuD;NydKusNyDuG ...[lí csDwufcJhMuawmhw,f ta&;tcif;BuD;rSm yg0ifqifETJcJhMuygw,f cif xJa&mufawmh typfcH&w,f/ (3) a,muf us
[k ajym\/ (26) ESpf wnfaxmifxm;aom Asm}} qHk;oGm;w,f/
rqvtkwfeH&HBuD;onfvnf; (8) av;vHk;t udkxGef;xGef;wdkY\ jr0wDNrdKUu xkdif;- 6? 8? 88rSm qE´jyNyD; ...aemuftus
a&;awmfyHkBuD;twGif; NydKuscJh&NyD/ NyD;vQif ... jrefrme,fpyfNrdKU .../ jynfwiG f;ppfumvtwGif; qHk; 20? 8? 88 aeYMurS tNzdKcGJ ESdrfeif;cHcJh&
usefaeao;onfum; ppftkyfpk\eH&H/ b,faeY trJa&mife,fajrtjzpf owfrSwfjcif;cHxm;& pmrsufESm (33) okdU ....

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 31
GRATE PERSON
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L
pmrsufESm (23)
A[def; okdYr[kwf uAsmrS ... rdcif\,k,pGmqHyifoyfay;jcif;udk auseyfpmG cHvsuf&Sdonf/ trvkyo f lrsm;u ab;wGifxdkiu f m pum;ajym
vsuf&SdMu\/
rdbrsm;u olYudk b,favmufyifcspfcspf/ olonf EkdifiHa&;twGuf twG,ftwmrsm;udkpeG fYy,fum
]udkatmifqef;eJU rdb\ at;csr;f &dyNf idraf omt&dyfwiG rf aeEkdifb?J Murf;wrf;cufxa&mfí rmausmvSaom tusOf;axmif eH&aH v;
A[def;[m twlwl bJ} buftwGi;f üom qif;&Jjcif;'ku©udk awGYBuHK&avonf/
olonf t0wftpm;udk oyfoyf&yf&yf0wfqifwwf\/ oefY&iS ;f pGm aewwf\/ befaumufvkcH snftjym
... udk BudKuf\/ *Dwudk cspf\/ olYudk ta0;uMunfhvdkuv f Qif ay:vGifí usufoa&jzifh &Te;f &Te;f jrjraomol\
]olwdkUu tjyKH;onf Mumyef;rS0wfqu H dk zGihfvpS w
f if<h um;vdkuo
f vdk jrifvdu
k f&\/ ol\½kyo f nf ,Ofaus;odrfarGYaom
vlvwfwef;pm;[ef toGifjzpf\/ odYk aomf ausmif;om;b0uwnf;u rauG;axmif? tif;pdeaf xmifwkYd wGif
EkdifiHa&;udk ae&\/ wdu k fyw
d fc&H \/ t*Fvyd af jy;cg;eD; tzrf;cH&í axmiftrsKd;rsKd;ajymif;um 'ku©udak wGYBuKH\? qif;&Jjcif;
rdbxuf ESifh ebrf;vHk;\/

tyHkBuD;cspfw,f}} (5)
&Sr;f ukef;ajrjrifha'oum; vGijf yifrmS xuf apmae0ifonf/ ae0ifaomfvnf; tarSmifxo k nf rif;rrl/
0,fvmcJhaom 'pfuifqefpma&;puúLuyf vonf NidrfhNidrBfh uD; xGufvmavawmhonf/
tjymEkrSm olUrcifBuD;xHodkUpma&;ojzifh aiGva&mifonf awmESihfawmifudk ayGYzufum jrLvdu k favonf/ wpfbufwiG f rIdif;n§KdUaom opfawmESifh
&Srf;jynf erf;rwla&mufatmifyif rcHbJ apmufrwfaom ajrx&HBuD;? wpfbufwGif a&wHceG w f dYk jzifh jyGr;f um wpfoiG o f Gipf ;D qif;aeaom 'kXm0wDjrpf/
tukefacsmawmh\/ jrpfurf;&SdopfyifwkYd onf aiGo&zl-aiGrudik u f dk aqmif;umolwdYk \tvSudk 0ifh<um;vdu k fonf/ jrpf,HrS
a&wHceG w f kdYonf aiGva&mifOD;0,f wvufvufueG Yf jrL;Iaeonf/
(4) vm;½Id;odkYwufaomrD;&xm;onf refqefbw l m½ku H dk ausmfavNyD/
udAk [de;f udk olYrb d rsm;u aMu;rHk udb k [def;onf aiGva&mif\tvSwGif ,pfrl;um ar&Si\ f ausmif;ydwf&ufoDcsif;udk wat;at;nnf;
ozG,f t&dyw f MunfMh unfah eatmif cspf vsuf&Sdavonf/
\/ ol&efuek w f uúov dk o
f Ukd vmaeaomtcg ... a&wHceG foGujf zmpD;vdYk &,f
rdbrsm;u olU\aowÅmudk csdwfvHck snf? awmifajc ESif;jrLawG0dik f;w,f
rEÅav;yd;k vHck snf? ydk;tusÐrsm;jzifh Muyfae tvQKdvQKd awmifndKwef;vdYk uG,f
atmif odyaf y;cJh/ udAk [def;rSm oyfoyf&yf ysKdysKdvGrf;ygvSw,f ...
&yf aewwf\/ &Srf;jynfodkYv nfywfpOfu udkA[def;ESihfuRefawmfwdkYwGif aemufcH EkdifiHa&;&nf&G,fcsuf&Sdao;onf/
&Sr;f jynftoGm;wGif uRefawmfonf tu,fí vrf;yef;omrnfqkdvQif e,fjcm;udjk zwfoef;í w½kw-f Armvrf;rBuD;wpfavQmuf w½kwjf ynfwiG f;odYk
vufqnfuef&Sd udAk [def;\rdbrsm;tdrf oGm;&efjzpfonf/ w½kwjf ynfokdYa&mufrv d Qif EkdifiHjcm;tquftoG,f&Edik rf nfjzpf\/ odYk aomf taMumif;roifh
wGif &ufowÅywfwpfywfcefU wnf;cd&k ojzifh odE©DokdYa&mufaomtcg &Sr;f jynf yk'rf (10) aMumifh qufroGm;EkdifawmhbJ jyefchJ&\/
avonf/ xkt d cg ol\zcif OD;rSiu f olU vG,f,d;k onf aiGva&mifEiS hf arSmif&yd Mf um;0,f Nidr0f yfpmG &So d nf/ ,leef-Armvrf;rBuD;onf aiGjymzJjym;
udk pum;rajym? rac:bJaeaomtcdkuf udk jzefYxm;bdouJo h dYk rSwfxif&\/
jzpf\ / odkYaomf &Srf;jynfwGifvnfywf w½kwjf ynfokYd oGm;Muaom armfawmfum;wef;BuD;onf vrf;ab;wGif tdypf ufvsuf&S\ d / rvSrf;rurf;wGif
aomtcg tcsrf;vHkatmifqkdí om;t um; 'rf;paw&Sifac:aom vufeuf½kBH uD;onf uke;f jrift h pGef;0,fay:ae\/ wpfbufwGifum; rIdif;n§KdUaom
wGuf½SL ;zdeyfudk udk,fwkdifaq;okwfay; vm½I;d av,mOfyHsuGif;BuD;onf aiGva&mif0,f 0rf;vsm;arSmufíaeonf/
&Sm\/ þrQ om;udk,, k \/ awmawmifa&ajromr[kwf/ avonfvnf; aiGa&mifjzifjh yGr;f \/ udAk [def;ESifhuRefawmfonf ,leef-
wpfn uRef awmfwkd Y&S dpOf ocif Armvrf;rBuD;ay:wGif vrf;avQmufíaeMupOf olu pwifí ]]vomw,fAsm/ w,fNyD; MunfEl;p&maumif;
atmifqef;onf rEÅav;odkY EkdifiHa&;udpö wmyJ/ 'DaiGva&mifu uRefawmf&JU twGif;pdww f pfckudk x<u&Tifvef;atmif vIHUaqmfay;w,f}}
ESivfh mcdkufjzpfí udkA[def;xHodkY tvnf uRefawmfu olonf &efukefwGif&dS&pfaomrcifBuD;udk wrf;wvGr;f qGwfvdrfhrnf[k atmufarhvsuf
vm\/ udkA[def;tjyifodkYxGufaeojzifh &Sdonf/
ocif a tmif q ef; onf OD ; rS i f E Si f h pum; ]]‘uJqkdprf;ygOD;}} [k uRefawmfu 0ifaxmuf\/
ajymvQu&f d\ S / udAk [de;f taMumif; a&muf ]]‘tJ'Dawmh 'Dvdak iGva&mif jrL;cdkurf mS pdwf[m Munfvif;&Tiv f ef;NyD;? vDeifa&;wJh EkdifiHawmftpd;k &ESifh
oGm;aomtcg zcifO;D rSifu ‘]]olYukd usKyf awmfvSefa&;taMumif;udk aqG;aEG;&atmif}}
wkdYu b,favmuft&dyfwMunfhMunfheJY uRefawmfxifonfrSm wufwufpifvGaJ vNyD/ vomojzifh ol,HMk unfaom uGejf rLepf0g'udk ajymcsif
cspf&ayrJh olurdbudk EdkifiHa&;avmuf onf/ uRefawmfvnf; pdwfrygvSbJ ol\vDeif0g'rsm;udk em;axmifí ae&avonf/ udAk [def;\ ½ky0f g'
cspf wmr[kwfbl;}} [k ajymavonf/ w&m;onf vSywifx h l;aomaiGva&mif0,f jyefYvGifu h m yJhwifxyfvsuf&dSavonf/
ocifatmifqef;EIwq f ufí jyefomG ;
aomtcg OD;rSifonf uRefawmfbufodkY (6)
vSnfí h ]]udak tmifqef;eJYA[de;f [m twl uRefawmfum; EkdifiaH &;orm;r[kwf/ uGefjrLepfvnf;r[kw/f odYkaomf udkA[de;f ESihfuRefawmfhuakd rwÅmBudK;
wl bJ}} oG,fxm;\/ wcgu ol\"mwfykHukd uRefawmft h m; txdrf;trSwv
f ufaqmifay;aomtcg "gwfy\ Hk aemuf
]]olwdkU u EkdifiHa&;ud k rdbxuf ausmwGif ]]ud, k fwkYd EpS Of ;D udk wG,fwmcspfcifjcif;onf *a[qufapownf;}}[k pmxk;d vku d f\/
tyHBk uD;cspfw,f}} [k ajymavonf/ wpfckomG ;íowd&\/ *syefacwfu EkdifiHjcm;a&;Xmeonf tif;vsm;uefpGef;&Sd ‘tdrjf zLwGif ½k;H vkyfxm;\/
rdcifEiS hftrrsm;uvnf; olUudk udk udAk [de;f onf Ekdiif jH cm;a&; 'kwd,twGi;f 0efjzpfae\/ uRefawmfonf &efukefodYk acwÅvmvnfpOf aeYwikd ;f ol\
[de;f ? ud[k def;ESihf yg;pyfzsm;av;wGif/ udAk ½k;H cef;wGif tcsdejf zKef;\/ olonf tuf*gpEd;k a&;aom ‘w½kwjf ynfay:u Mu,feDpmtkyfukd zwfvsuf&o Sd nf/
[de;f onf olYrcd if\aygifukd acgif;tH;k um pmrsufESm (39) okdU ...

PAGE - 32 SEPTEMBER 2009


csdefrSm vlxktm;vHk;[m vufeufudkit
f m;vH;k udk

AUSTRALI AN BURMESE COMMUNI T


A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ... JOURNAL
pmrs ufESm (31) rsufESmzkH;aqmif;yg; rS ... Welcome Bud K qk d M uwmjzpf w ,f / 'gayr,f h
wmyg/ bmaMumifh 'Davmufawmif cHEdkifvJqkd olwdkYbufuvnf; vlxek JYaygif;pyfzkdY olwkdYrSm
awmh vlxkygvdkYyg/ vlxkyg&if vufeufr&Sd wm0efawG ysufuu G fcJhwmjzpfw,f/ wu,fvdkY pmrlzdwfac:ygonf ...
vnf; tmPmodrf;vdkY&w,fqkdwm vufawGY rsm;om tJh'Dawmfv(20)
pmrsuf EmS rS tm;pkawGuom
Sefa&;tif vpOfxkwfa0oGm;rnf
odcJh&ygw,f}} wpfNrdKUESpfNrdKUavmufom odrf;xnfhvdkuf tukef jzpfygonf?
udkarmifarmif0rf;u a&eHacsmif; vlxk NydKqif;oGm;Edkifw,f/ 'DESpfck[m raygif;pyfEkdif
ta&;awmfyHkBuD;ESifhywfowfNyD; ed*Hk;csKyf oHk; wJhtwGuf atmifyGJrcHEdkifbl;/ 'D (8) av;vHk; *sme,fwGif ...
oyfxm;rIu &Sif;\/ vlxkyg&if vufeufr&Sd BuD;udak jymr,fqk&d if usaemfwkdYu (8) av;vHk; owif;aqmif;yg;
vJ tmPmodrf;vdkY&[lí jzpfonf/ odkYaomf udk umvoHk;ckeJY jzwfcJh&w,fvdkY usaemfajym
tawG;tjrifaqmif;yg;
EdkifiHwckvHk;\ tqHk;owftmPmodrf;Ekdifa&; vkdY&w,f/ yxrumvu rwfv (13) &ufaeY
rSmrl .../ q&marmifokre\ pum;twkdif; uae pufwifbmv (18) &uftxdu yxr ½kyf&SifcHpm;rI
(igum; ...rodEdkif) [líyifvm;/ umv? tJh'Dumvudk 'Drdkua&pDtiftm;pkawG tufaq;
uae atmifyGJcHaewJhumvvdkY usaemfwdkY ajym
OD;atmifapmOD; vkdY&w,f/ 'gayr,fh tJ'DatmifyGJ[m bmeJY pmtkyftawG;ta&;
OD;atmifapmOD;u 1972 ckESpfwGif oGm; csKyfcHvkduf&vJqdk&if ppfwyftmPmodrf;rIeJY c&D;oGm;&oaqmif;yg;
bufqkdif&maq;wuúodkvrf S ausmif;om;wOD; yGJNyD;oGm;cJhygw,f/ 'kwd,umvusawmh puf 0xÅKwdk
jzpfonf/ 1974 tvkyo f rm;vIy&f Sm;rI? OD;oefY wifbmv (18) uae 1990 ar (27) a&G;
oydwf? 1975 tvkyform;ESifh ausmif;om; aumufyGJNyD;wJhtxdjzpfw,f/ tJh'DumvrSm ppf umwGef;
oydwf? rIdif;&mjynfhta&;awmfyHkwdkYwGif olYacwf tmPm&Sifpepfu wausmhjyefNyD;awmh tom uAsm ...
olYtcgü yg0ifcJhol/ þtwGuf rqv ppfckH pD;&vmwJhumvjzpfw,f/ 'gayr,fh oltom
½kH;rS tkwf½kd;0if;twGif; (7) ESpf oGm;aeap\/ pD;&vmwJhumvudk jynfolvx l k&JU a&G;aumuf wdkUtm; xnfhoiG f;azmfjyrnfjzpfygonf/
jyefvGwfvmNyD;? wzef 1982 wGif vmcJh&m yGJ atmifyGJ&v'feJY atmifyGJcHa&;eJY ed*Hk;csKyfoGm; xdku@toD;oD;twGuf
tkwf½dk;twGif;odkY jyefíoGm;jyef\/ (2) ESpf/ Edkifw,f/ wwd,umvuawmh 1990? ar pmrlrsm;
1988 ta&;awmfyHkBuD;wGif ykodrfausmif;om; (27) uae 'DuaeY rsufarSmufumvtxd &Snf a&;om; ay;ydEkU dkifygonf/
rsm;or*¾ taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;wpfODd;tjzpf MumaewJhu mvjzpf w,f/ tifrwef½IyfaxG; az:jyjcif;cH&aompmrlrsm;tm;
ordk if;acwf\ wm0eftm; xrf;ydk ;jyef onf/ w,f/ tifrwefrS odrfarGYw,f/ tifrwefrS ÓPfyl aZmfc csD;jr§ifhygrnf .../
trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJYcsKyftm; zGJYpnf;onfh &SnfMumr,f/ tJh'DrNyD;ao;wJh wkdufyJGumvu
oleJYudk,feJY ppftmPm&SifpepfeJY 'Drdkua&pDtif
qufoG,f&ef ...
tcgü tzGJYcsKyf\ yJcl;wkdif;? wkdif;pnf;wm0ef E-mail: minhan1967@yahoo.com
tm; xrf;&Guf\/ NyD;vQif 1991 ckESpfü vGwf tm;pk bwjyef? usm;wjyef wkdufyGJjzpfaewJh
ajrmufe,fajrodkYxGufvmcJhNyD; tzGJYcsKyfvGwf umvjzpfw,f/ tJh'DwkdufyGJumvudk usaemf
ajrmufe,fajrwGif A[dkpnf;½kH;a&;aumfrwD0if/ wdkYu tjywfcsEdkifr,fqd kvdkY&Sd&if usaemfwkdY t,f'DwmcsKyf
xkdYaemuf A[dkaumfrwD0if/ ,ckrl tar&duef wkdufyGJatmifyGJcHEdkifrSmjzpfw,f/ rcsEdkifbl;qdk pkd;[ef
jynfaxmifpk ta&SUjcrf;XmecGJ NLD-LA \ OuúX/ &if awmh rMumcifESpftwGif ;rSm usaemfwdkY&Jh
OD;atmifapmOD; tar&duefEdkifiHrSjyefvmcdkuf wkdufyGJyHkoP²mefawGu yHkoP²mefwqifh xyf wm0efcHt,f'Dwm
awGYqHkNyD; (8) av;vHk;ta&;awmf yH k BuD ;t ajymif;NyD;awmh wdk uf &r,fh tajctaersKd;ud k rif;aqGopf? rif;[ef
aMumif; ar;Munfh\/ a&mufomG ;vdrfhr,fvdkY usaemf (8) av;vHk;BuD;
]](8) av;vHk;wkdufyGJrSm bmaMumifh vlxk udk csKyfNyD;ajymcsifygw,f}}
uae tjywftowfatmifyGJrcHEdkifvJqdkwhJ ed*Hk; OD ;atmif apmOD;u (8) av;vH k;ta&; pmrsufESmzGJUpnf;rI
csKyfcsufuawmh vlxkvIyf&Sm;rIeJY vufeufudik f awmfykHBuD;rSm tNyD;owfatmifyGJrcHEkdifcJhwmudk atmifxuf
wkdufyGJ[m [efcsufnDnD raygif;pyfEdkifcJhvdkY vlxv k Iyf&Sm;rIeJY vufeufukdifwku d fyGJ [efcsuf
atmifyGJtjywf r&cJhEdkifwmyJjzpfw,f/ vlxk nDnD raygif;pyfEdkifcJhwmaMumifhvdkY ed*Hk;csKyf *sme,fXmerSL;
vIyf&Sm;rIawGuvnf; &mZ0ifwavQmufvHk;rSm csufcsoGm;cJhw,f/ aemifumvrsm;wGiaf &m ... Or®mpkd;
[kd; ... av;q,fh&SpfvGwv f yfa&;NyD;uwnf;u jrefrmjynfvGwfvyfa&;wkdufyGJrsm;rSm vufeuf
wkdufwJhwdkufyGJawG[m wpfckcsif; wpfckcsif;ajym udkifawmfvSefa&;eJY vlxkwdkufyGJ aygif;pyfEdkif aMumfnmESifh jzefUcsda&;wm0efcH
r,f/ tm;vHk;aygif;vkdu&f if vlxw k ku
d fyGJaygif; rvm; .../ þonfudkawmh q&marmifokre bke;f ausmf
(30) ausmfavmufjzpfvmw,f/ ausmif;om; \pum;tm; iSm;íoHk;&rnfqdkvQif .../ (ig
tygt0ifaygh/ vufeufudkifwkdufyGJqkd&ifvnf; um; ... rodEkdif)/
1948 xJu pvmcJhw,f/ 'gayr,fh vlxku pkd;[ef xkwfa0ol - bkef;ausmf
vnf; olYbmomolwku d faewm? vufeufukdif þaqmif;yg;jzpfajrmufa&;twGuf awGY
qHkar;jref;rItm; jyefvnfajzMum;ay;cJhMuaom t wGJ (1) ? t rS wf (3) 2 0 0 9 pufwifbmv/
wJholuvnf; olYbmomolwkdufaewm olwkdY
a pm if a & 5000
[m [efcsufudk nDnDraygif;pyfEkdifbl;/ 'gay yk *¾d Kvf rsm;tm;vH k ;ud k aus;Zl ;txl ;wif &Sd yg
wefbkd; 2.5 AUS$, 3.5 Ringgit,
r,fh (8) av;vHk;rSm BuD;rm;wJhawmfvSefwJht onf/ 300 ¥, 1.5 Singapore $

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 33
NOVEL IN SERIES
A U
A U S
S T
T R
R A
A LL II A N
A N B U
B U R
R M
M E
E S
S E
E C O
C O M
M M
M U
U N
N II T
T Y
Y JJ O
O U
U R
R N
N A
A LL

(6) ]][kwfuJh} }
ESif;ESif;udk c&rf;aoG;azsmhazsmhwGif ]]rajz&ao;bl;vm;/ tifwmAsL;&Sdwm raeUu bmvkdU ighudkvmrajymwmvJ}}
tndKEkEk tyGifhtcufav;rsm; yg0ifonfh ]]ud kBuD; ajymxm;ao;vm;[if}}
cg;&Snfvuf&Snf &ifaphtusÐc&rf;aoG;us ESif;ESif;u pkd;&drfpdwfjzifh cyfwkd;wkd;av;ar;vdkufonf/ ESif;ESif;xHrS arT;íoif;ysHUvwf
us ajAmifvkcH snfav;0wfvsuf {&mrukudKú qwfaom oeyfcg;eHUav;udk &&Sdaeonf/
yifBuD;atmufrS opfom;ckH0dkif;av;ay:rSm rsKd;aZmf\rsufpdxJwGif zcif\ &mav;pufbD; a,musfm;pD;udk rEkdifreif;pD;&if; ajceif;wHudk
oli,fcsif;rdef;uav;ESpfa,mufESifhtwl rrDwrDjzifheif;um jzwfoef;oGm;wwfonfh uvefuvm;csmwdwfrav;onf ,ckawmh El;nHh
awGU&onf/ csKdomaomrsufEmS ? tcsKd;tpm;useonfhudk,f[efjzifh vSyausmh&iS f;aeyHkukd trSwfrxif owdjyK
xkdrdef;uav;ESifhESpfa,mufESifh wGJ rdoGm;cJhonf/ tifwmAsL;ajzzkdU pdk;&THUvIyf&Sm;ae[ef rsufvHk;av;rsm;jzifh olUudktm;udk;[ef
xkdifaeojzifh olr\tvSu xif;ceJ jrif MunfhvkdufyHkav;aMumifh olYpdwfxJbm&,frod vIyf&Sm;oGm;&onf/
omaeonf/ u&ifaoG;yg[ef ar;½dk;um; ESif;ESif;\rsufESmav;udk trSwfrxif pl;pkdufMunfhaerdojzifh ESif;ESif;u &Suf&GHU[ef
um; tom;jzLjzLt&yfjywfjywf Munfhaysmf rsufESmvTJoGm;&if; ...
½Iaysmf rdef;uav;wpfOD;ESifh tom;ndKndK ]]q,fwef;trSwfeJYpDrSmwJh/ &yghrvm; rod}}

00vHk;vHk;av; wpfOD;yif/ , c if v rS t q uf . . .
]]‘a[h ...'DzufrSm vmapmifhaewm
vm;}} a,musfm;vkyfolu qkdufum;reif;Ekdifí 0ifaiGr&Sd/
ESif;ESif;u EIwfqufoHaMumifh tHhMo
[ef armhMunfhvSsif qkdifu,fwpfpif;ESifh
aq;½kHrSm wpfa,mufa,mufapmifhvQif
rsKd;aZmfukd awGU&onf/ wdkuw f dkufqkdifqkdif aemufwpfa,mufu vkdonfhaq; ajy;0,fay;ygrS/
yif rsKd;aZmfu tkd;zkd&GmrS q&mOD;om'Gef;ESifh q,fESpfom; om;BuD;udk tem;rSm
tv,fwef;ausmif;aqmiftwGuf opfrSm
onfhudpö csdef;xm;cJh&m q&mESifhvufzuf
vufwdkvufawmif;xm;&onf/ usefom;ti,faumifudkom
&nfqkdirf Sm vlcsif;vGJoGm;&ojzifh ynma&; ausmif;vTwfxm;&onf/
rSL;½kH;0if;xJrSm vm&SmcJhjcif;yif/ ESif;ESif;u nDrrdom;pku xrif;csKdifhydkYo jzifhom/
xkdif&mrSxNyD; rsK;d aZmf&Sd&m vrf;uav;ay:
odkUavSsmufvmcJo h nf/ EIwfqufNyKH;&if; ... odkUaomf
]]udkBuD;rsKd;aZmf bmvmvkyfwmvJ ...}} olwkdYvnf;udk,fhvdkyJ wpfaeUvkyf wpfaeYpm;awGrdkY pm;&wm
]]ig udpöwpfck&SdvkdUyg/ eifwkdU 'DaeU rsKdrusEkdif/
tifwmAsL;vm;}}
PAGE
PAGE -- 34
34 SEPTEMBER
SEPTEMBER 2009
2009
NOVEL IN SERIES
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

]]q,fwef;wkef;u trSwfaumif; w,f


r[kwfvm;/ tD;ar*sm &cJhwmqdk}}
t*F vdyfp m txl;jyKbmomwGJ& NyD ;rS ]]ajzEkdifvm; orD;}}
qufrwwfEkdifcJholav;twGuf trSefyif pdwf ]]ESif;ESif;udk odyfrar;ygbl;/ q&mrBuD;u oabmaumif;w,farar ...}}
raumif;jzpfoGm;&onf/ araru NyHK;&Tifvef;qef;aeonfh orD;\rsuEf Smav;udk ai;Munfhaeonf/ orD;onf
]]‘tif; trSwfuawmh trSwfayhgav}} olUzcifi,fi,fuvdk oefU&Sif;Munfvifonfh ½kyf&nf&Sdoljzpfonf/ olu arar a':ndK&D
ESif;ESif;u r,Hk&J[efav;jzifhajzonf/ udkzuf&if; ...
]]NyD;awmh ta0;BuD;&rSmvnf;pdk;w,f}} ]]vufaxmufynma&;rSL; OD;at;udkuvnf; azazeJYodw,fwJh/ q&mrBuD;udk azaz
]]tif;wmAsL;ajz&if;eJU udk,fhtcuftcJ avjzwfwm ajymjyaeao;w,f/ azaz tdyfaeNyD;vm;[if}}
awGudk ajymjycJhayghuGm/ q&mvnf; txu ]]rtdyfao;bl;/ orD;jyefvmrSmudkapmifhaew,f}}
rSm tMumBuD;vkyfcJhwmyJ}} aq;aomufNyD; cgwkdif;aeUcif; wpfarS;avmuf arS;pufaeus azazhukd yufvufukvm;
]]tif rajymcsify gbl; udkB uD;&,f/ xkdifrSm 'dkif,m&Da[mif;av;wpftkyfESifhawGUvkduo f nf/
ud k , f h vk d y J ol r sm;awG v nf ; ]]ajzEkdifw,frdkUvm; ...}}
tcuftcJawG&SdaeMu rSmyg}} ESif;ESif;u‘
rsKd;aZmf cyfoJhoJhNyKH;vkdurf donf/ &ifxJ ]][kwfuJh}}[kajz&if; azaz\yufvufukvm;xkdifajc&if;rSm xkdifvdkufonf/
rSm aEG;ceJjzpfomG ;onf/ ]]q&mBuD; OD;at;udku azazeJYodw,fqdk}}
]]q&mhorD; u q&mhvkdygyJvm;}} ol ‘]]at;uG/ &Gma0;rSmwkef;u wm0eftwluscJhzl;w,f/ MumNyDayghuGm}}
awG;vdkufonf/ ]]olu wnfaqmufjyKjyifwHwm;BuD; av;cktaMumif;ar;w,f azaz/ orD;u tJ'gawG
bmtaMumif;aMumifhyJjzpfjzpf tvkyf& rusufcsifvdk U zwf rxm;wm/ rdkYrd kY0if ;uygr,fqd kNyD; uref;uwef;usufcdk if;wmeJY
zdkUu t"durdkUvm;/ ajzEkdifoGm;wm/ 'geJY udkBuD;rsKd;aZmfeJYawGYao;w,f}}
]]bmpm;NyD;NyDvJ/ MumOD;rSmqkd&if vuf ]]a[ olu orD;twGuf q&mrBuD;udkajymxm;w,fqdkvm;}}
zuf&nfoGm;aomuf&atmif oli,fcsif;awG ]]tif; tJ'gawmhrajymbl;/ orD;udk raeUu olYqDvmBudKrajymvkdYwJh/ qlao;w,f}}
ac:cJhav}} azazu ESif;ESif;udkMunfh&if;NyKH;aeonf/ a':ndK&DzufvSnfh&if; ...
ESif;ESif;u acgif;uav;cg&if; ]]tarBuD;a& udkat;udkqkdwm &Gma0;rSmwm0efuswkef;u iSufzsm;rdwkef; rif;wkdUom;
]]aeygap udkBuD;&,f/ awmfMum&if ½kH; trdudk ac:vmay;wJh q&mayhg/ rSwfrdao;vm;}}
cef;em;oGm;aeMuawmhrSmrdkUyg}} a':ndK&Du
rsKd;aZmfu ]]tdk rSwfrdwmaygh/ ESif;ESi;f i,fi,fwkef;uav acsmif;awGul;&if ESif;ESif;udkcsDNyD; ul;ay;
]]'gqdk igoGm;NyD/ aMumufraeeJUOD;/ &J&J cJhwm/ tJ'Dwkef;u vlysKdBuD;qkdvm;/ q&mrav; cifoufudk ydk;aewmqkdvm;}}
ajz [kwfvm;}} cifoufqdkonfhpum;vHk;udkajym&if; a':ndK&DrsufvHk;awGu olYrsufvHk;awGudk pl;prf;
rdkUrdkY0if;qkdonfh u&ifaoG;yg[ef rdef; [ef MunfhaecJhonf/ OD;ausmfvIdiu f a':ndK&D\rsufvHk;rsm;udk &ifqdkifrMunfhyJ orD;udkMunfh
uav;u ESif;ESif;vufudkqGJNyD; ... &if; ...
]]‘a[h OD;rsKd;aZmfu rrtdeJYuGJaewmqkd? ]]ESif;ESif;wdkUacwfuvnf; ausmif;q&morD; q&mrjzpfzkdUrvG,fygvm;}}
eifhudk vm&pfaewmvm;}} ]]orD;uawmh &r,fxifwmyJav/ 'gayr,fha e&mu q,fae&mwnf;/ avQmufwmu
]]r[kwfwm[m? olu azazhwynfhyg}} vlES pf&mavmufqdkawmh}}
]]apmapmu eifhudkMunfhwm wpfrsKd;yJ}} ]]uJyguG,/f &Gmta0;us&ifawmh orD;av;udk rvTwfcsifbl;/ pdwfrcswm&,f/ NyD;awmh
ESif;ESif;u rdkYrdkY0if;pum;aMumifh &Suf tdrfrSmvnf; ararwpfa,mufwnf;qdkawmh jzpfrSmr[kwfbl;}}
&,f&,f&if; rdkYrdkY0if;ausmudkxkum ]]uJ uJ orD;Adkufqmaevdrfhr,f/ xrif;pm;vkdufOD;/ rdkYrdkY0if;wkdYa&m ajzEkdifMu&Jhvm;}}
]]igeJU bmqkdifvdkUvJ}} ]]rdkYrdkY0if;jzifh orD;avmufawmif rar;bl;/ &csif&rSm/ aqGaqGuawmh rajzEkdifbl;wJh}}
ESif;ESif;&ifxJrSm aEG;ceJjzpfomG ;onf/ ESif;ESif;u ajz&mrSxNyD; tusÐ? vkHcsnfvJ&ef tdrfcef;xJodkY0ifoGm;onf/ a':ndK&Du
aqGaqG0if;qdkonfh rnf;rnf;ykyk oli,fcsif; orD;oGm;&mudkMunfh&if; ...
u &,f&if; ... ]]oGm;ajzwmu orD;/ &ifwkefwmu ararjzpfaewm/ apmapmu aoG;aq;aomuf
‘tvkyfr&&ifawmh vif,lvkdufwm t vdkuf&ao;w,f}}
aumif;qHk;yJ/ 'gayr,fh rdkUrdkY0if;? ESif;ESif;udk ]]odyfaomursm;raeeJY tarBuD;&Jh/ rif; 'Davmufaomursm;ae&if udk,fht&if ao
tJ'DvleJY rpprf;ygeJY[m/ igawmh oabm oGm;OD; r,f}}
rwlb;l / ckepfaqG; ?&Spaf qG;BuD; olrsm; ,lNyD; tzGm;vufxufu a&S;a[mif;rSefBuD;a&SYrmS ESif;ESif;&yfaeonf/ rSefom;u Munfvif
om;BuD; ...}} qJjzpfonf/ ab;abmifuRef;om;uEkwfyef;awGuawmh a[mif;aecJhNyD/ udkBuD;rsKd;aZmfu
(7) olYukd MunfhwmwpfrsKd;yJ[k rdkYrkdY0if;ajymcJhonf/ rSefxJrSm olY½kyfyHkvTmol cyfai;ai;Munfh&if;
araru tdrfayguf0rSyif ESif;ESif;ukd udkBuD;rdsK;aZmf\ pl;pdkufMunfh[efudk owd&rd&m &ifav;zkdoGm;&onf/ odkYaomf olY&ifrSm
tNyKH;jzifh qD;BudKaecJhonf/ pGJNrJaecJoh nfht&mu udkBuD;rsKd;aZmfonf rrtd\ cifyeG f;? xGef;xGef;vif;aZmfESifh nDnv D if;aZmf
NO
NO 1,
1, VOLUME
VOLUME -- 33 PAGE
PAGE -- 35
35
NOVEL IN SERIES
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

wkdY\ azaztjzpfyif/ ]]uG,f i,fav;uvnf; araranmif; acs;ygvm;&Sif}} rcifyku vSrf;ajymonf/


]]tdk 'gawG[m igeJY bmrSrqdkifygbl; NyD}} xdkrdef;rrsufESmu rom,mvS/ acgif;
av}} ]][ifhtif; [ifhtif; tD; tD;}} ,rf;jyaeonf/ &ifxJrSmylvmNyD; vufawG
ol\tem*wf cspf&rnfholpm&if;wGif orD;av;u toHxGufNyD; idk&Smonf/ wkef vmonf/
udkBuD;ryg0ifrSmu taotcsm/ orD;av;\ ezl;av;awG? yg;uav;awG prf; ]]'DvdkeJY ighorD;av; aorSmyJxifyg&Jh/
awmhvnf; ylvdkufwm/ tar u,fEkdifyghrvm; orD;av;&,f ... i,f
(8) aq;½kHckwif q,fhig;vHk;pvHk; uav; av;&,f}}
oef;xGef;\rdef;r rcifyku oHk;ESpft rsm;jzifh jynfhaeonf/ vlemwcsKdUu 0&ef awG;&if; rsuf&nfylrsm; usvmonf/
&G,forD;av;udk ykcHk;rSmayGU&if; cifyGef;jzpfol wmrSm tcif;cif;í aeMu&onf/ *vl;udkUpf aq;½kH \tjyifbufrSm tvif;a&mif
oef;xGef;tvmudk arSsmfaecJhonf/ oGif;xm;onfhuav;? tdyf&mxJrSm rdSef;ae wdkUrSdefNyD; cef;rxJrS rD;rxGef;rSD arSmif&D0dk;0g;
aq;½kH rSm oHk; &uf&Sd cJh NyD / bmaq;rS onfhuav;? ckwifay:rSm t½kyfuav;ESifh wGif bmudkaMumufrSef;rodonfh taMumuf
vnf;ray;/ aq;xkd;zkdUqdkvQif q&m0efBuD; aqmhaeonfhuav; ponfhuav;wdkYab; w&m;u rcifykvnfyif;udk jzpfn§pfqdkyfukdif
tdrfrSmyif xkd;ay;onf/ aq;½kH\cef;rxJwiG f rSm rdbwkdYtoD;oD;&SdMuonf/ n§K;d n§K;d rSdefrSdef xm;onf/
aoG;vGefwkyfauG;jzpfonfh vlemrsm;jzifhjynfh odrfodrfi,fi,fESifh rdbawGygovdk jynfhjynfh ‘]]'Daumif ighorD;udk aq;0,foGm;r,f
aecJhonf/ pH kp HkawGvnf;ygonf/ rdbtm;vHk;uawmh qkdNyD; t&ufqdkifrsm; a&mufaeNyD;vm;}}
onfreufrSmyif udk;ESpft&G,fuav; udk,fhuav;twGuf pdk;&drfruif;yHkawG jrifae ]]om;av;&,f ... om;av;&,f}}
i,fwpfOD;rSm NrdKUe,fq&m0efu vufvTwf &onf/ ab;ckwifrS uav;tar\ cyfwkd;wkd;
vdkuf&NyDajymojzifh um;iSm;NyD; NrdKUBuD;odkYomG ; ]]ckwif eHygwf (5) u oif;oif;atmif Budwf½IdufoHMum;&onf/ olu om;BuD;udk
&m vrf;rSmwifqHk;oGm;&Smonf/ raeYu *vl;udkYpf&NyDvm;}} cyfwkd;wkd;ac:vdkufonf/
vnf; &Gmuvmaq;½kHwufonfh ig;ESpfom; eDndKa&mif0wfoefY&Si;f a&;rde;f ru vm ]]om;BuD; owkd;atmif eifhtazudk&Sm
aumifav;wpfa,muf rsufpdatmufrSmyif ar;onf/ cJh/ NyD;awmh a&cJvnf;ukefoGm;NyD/ xyf0,fcJh
qHk;oGm;cJhonf/ ]]olYtaz jyefrvmao;bl;}} OD;vdkU}}
a,musfm;vkyfolu qkduu f m;reif;Ekdif rcifyku ,Jh,Jhajzonf/ uav;i,f uav;rSdef;NyD; Nidrfaeonf/ tjyifbuf
í 0ifaiGr&Sd/ aq;½kHrSm wpfa,mufa,muf u olYykcHk;ay: tefcsvdkufonf/ ausmwGif rSm rdk;wzGJzGJ&Gmaeonf/ q&m0efBuD;tdrfodkY
apmifhvQif aemufwpfa,mufu vkdonfhaq; ylceJjzpfoGm;onf/ uav;rsm;udkayGYcsDNyD; oGm;MuzdkY jyifaeonf/
ajy;0,fay;ygrS/ q,fESpfom; om;BuD;udk ]]tdk uav;u tefukefygNyDvm;}} rcifyk&ifxJrSm wzswfzswfvl; emusif
tem;rS vufw dkvufawmif;xm;&onf/ tefzwfrsm;onf ykcHk;ay:? ausmay: aeonf/
usefom;ti,faumifudk om ausmif;vT wf ayukefonf/ n§DpdkYpkdYteHY&onf/ uav;u ]]cifyk uav; b,fvkdaevJ}}
xm;&onf/ nDrrdom;pku xrif;csKdifhydkYo idkonf/ oef;xGef;u <uyf<uyftdwfESifh *vl;
jzifhom/ odkUaomf olwkdYvnf;udk,hfvdkyJ wpf ]]tdk i,fav;&,f i,fav;&,f}} udkYpfykvif;ESifh a&cJrsm;o,fNyD;0ifvmonf/
aeUvkyf wpfaeYpm;awGrdkY pm;&wm rsKrd usEkdif/ ]]&Sifhuav;tefwm aoG;pawGygw,f}} ]][Jh rom Mumvdkufwm/ b,foGm;
uav;i,fu tDojzif h olacsmhae& eDndK0wf rdef;ru ajymonf/ aoaewmvJ}}
onf/ ckvnf; uav;udk *vl;udkUpfoGif;& rcifyk i,fxdyfa>raygufcH&ovdk xdwf cifykEIwfrS onfodkY qD;BudKvkdufaomf
rnfqdkojzifh ykvif;BuD;ESpfvHk;oGm;0,fwm vefUoGm;onf/ uav;u olYausmukd ukwf vnf; rsufvHk;rsm;0if;vufoGm;onf/
awmfawmfESifhay:rvm/ aq;pma&;ay;ojzifh wG,fxm;ojzifh cJcJ,Of;,Of;jzifhajzNyD; u ]]eif ta&awG aomufvmao;vm;}}
om oGm;&&Smonf/ ol\vifawmfarmifrSm av;udk tdyf&may:odkYtomwifonf/ ]]tomaeprf;yg/ b,fu ta&aomuf
ydkufqHwpfjym;rS ygroGm;&Sm/ ydkufqH&SmNyD; ]][Jh owkd;atmif ararausmudk okwf &rSmvJ/ uav; b,fvdkaevJ}}
0,f&rSmqkdawmh ‘]][if;}} oufjyif;yl csvkduf ay;OD;}} ]]aoG; ptef w,f/ i,fav;aoawmh
rdonf/ &ifxJrSm ylavmifaeonf/ om;BuD;udk olYaemufausmudk okwcf dki;f r,fxifyg&Jh oef;xGef;&,f}}
ab;ckwifu rdef;rwpfodkufrSm olwkdY onf/ uav;udk oefYpifay;onf/ om;u ]]raoEkdifygbl;? a[h ...azhorD;av;
uav;udk a&cJ0wf 0dkif;tkyfay;aeMuonf/ Murf ;ay:rStefz wfprsm;udk t0wfpk wfjzifh i,fa v;}}
udk,fhtylESifhudk,frdkU olwdkUudkrMunfhEkdif/ orD; okwfaeonf/ oef;xGef;u rSdef;aeonfh uav;\
uav;\ukd,faiGUu w&Sdef&SdefylvSonf/ ]]&Sif wjcm;vlemawGqDu acs;Munfhyg ezl;av;udk vufESifhtkyfudkif&if; ajymvdkuf
]]bk&m;u,fyg/ w&m;u,fyg/ oHCm vm;}} onf/
awmfjrwfu,fyg/}} oefY&Si;f a&;rdef;ru oem;[efjzifhajym ]]iguav;Munfh xm;vdkufr,f/ eif
yckH;a&m? vufa&m anmif;nmemusif vdkufonf/ wpfckwifausmfrSm t½kyfuav; q&mr oGm;ac:}}
aeNyDrdkY uav;udk ckwifay:odkY wifzkdYjyifvQif ESihfupm;aeonfh uav;\taru olwkdYudk rcif yku uav;udk pdwfrcs[efjzifh
uav;u olYudk ukyfuyfwG,fxm;onf/ vSrf;Munfhaeonf/ wpfcsufMunfhNyD; olemjyKq&mrudk oGm;ac:
csvkdYr&/ ]]*vl;udkYpyf v
k if; tydk&d&S if ESpfv;Hk avmuf onf/ cify Gef; a&mufvmojzif h tm;wuf

PAGE - 36 SEPTEMBER 2009


HEALTH
AA ll ll R
R ii gg hh tt R
R ee ss ee rr vv ee dd tt hh ee AA uu ss tt rr aa ll ii aa nn BB uu rr m
m ee ss ee CC oo m
mmm uu nn ii tt yy G
G rr oo uu pp ...
...

oGm;&onf/ olonf ydefydefyg;yg; udk,fvHk; bDydk;taMumif; ajymcsifw,f/


uav;jzifhyif zswzf swv f wfvwf xGuo f mG ; vli,fawGrSmtjzpfrsm;vGef;vdkY vdifuul;wJha&m*gawGxJu bDydk;taMumif; enf;enf;ajym
onf/ olemjyKq&mru tjcm;uav;wpf csifw,f/ tonf;udkxdwJhydk;awG A? B? C? D? E qdkNyD;awmh ig;rsKd;&SdwmrSm bDydk;u wpfrl
a,muf aq;oGif;xm;onfh ykvif;ukefoGm; xl;jcm;aew,f/ olu NDA virus trsKd;jzpfNyD; wjcm; virus awGu RNA trsKd;jzpfw,f/
ojzifh vJay;aeonf/ olu q&mrudk ½dk½kdao HIV uvnf; RNA Virus yJ/ bDydk ;u HIV eJY pDyd k;xuf tqaygif;rsm;pGm ydk ul;wwfw,f/

aoajymvkdufonf/ 'gayr,fh olYudk aumif;aumif;umuG,fEkdifwJh umuG,faq;&Sdawmh awmfygao;&JhvdkY ajym


]]ckwifeHygwf (5) u oif;oif;atmif &rSmyJ/ awmfygao;&JUqdkwm umuG,faq;xkd;jzpfrS awmfygao;&JhvkdY ajym&rSmyg/
*vl;udkYpf&ygNyD q&mr}}
bDydk; b,fxJrSmygovJ/
]]vmcJhr,f oGm;ESifh}}
tonf;a&mif bDydk;u aoG;wkdY aoG;&nfMunfwkdY ? temuxGufwJh ref;&nfwdkYrSm trsm;
q&mruolUudk rMunfhtm;/ oef;xGef;
BuD;ygw,f/ okwf&nf (Seman)? rdef;rudk,f (Vagina) uxGufwJh t&nf? wHawG;wkdYrSm t
u uav;udk a&cJ0wfjzifh tkyfay;aeonf/ weftoifhrsm;awmh 'Dt&nfawG udk,fxJ0if&if ul;zkdYrsm;awmaygh/ EkdU&nf? qD;? rpif? acR;?
]]tyl rusao;bl;vm;}} rsuf&nfwkdYrSm rygoavmufyJ/ 'gaMumifhrdkY acR;uae rul;Ekdifovdk EkdY&nfuaevnf;
rcifykjyefvmojzifh vSrf;ar;onf/
]]rusbl; }}
uav;\u vufzsm;? ajczsm;rsm;u
at;pufaeonf/ rcifyk\yg;jyifrSm rsuf&nf
wpfp wGJckdvmonf/
]]eifb,fu ydkufqH&cJhvJ}}
]]ig tdrf*&HaygifcJhw,f}}
]]tdrf*&H}}
NrdKYpGeNf rdKUzsm;rS "edrdk;x&Hum oHk;yiftdrf
av;ESifh ayajcmufq,f? ay;av;q,fNcH0if;
av;rSm rcifyk\ rdbtarGvnf;jzpfonf/
nDrESifh tarGqdkiftrd fvnf;jzpfonf/ rcifyk
rul;Ekdifygbl;/
tm;avsmhoGm;onf/
]]wpfaomif;cGJyJ&w,f/ b,fvdkyJjzpf bDydk; emwm&SnfjzpfEIef; b,favmufvJ/
jzpf ighorD; av;touf&S if&if awmf ygNyD arG;uif;prSm bDdydk;a&m*gul;&if 95 &mckdifEIef;avmuf emwm&SnfjzpfzdkYrsm;w,f/ uav;
[,f/ ay; tJ'DydkufqH ighudkay;}} b0rSmul;&ifawmh 30 &mckdifEIef;uae 50 &mckdifEIef; emwm&SnfjzpfzkdUrsm;w,f/ t&G,f
]]eufjzef aq;0,f&OD;rSm/ ig udkpkd;Ekdif a&mufrSjzpf&ifawmh 90 &mckdifEIef;avmuf tvkdvkdaysmufNyD; 10 &mckdifEIef;avmufyJ
udkvnf; oHk;axmifqyfcJh&w,f}} emwm&Snf tonf;a&m*gjzpfw,f/ udk,fb,ft&G,fxJrSm &SdovJ/
]]at;yg ighay;xm;yg/ eif t&uf
bDydk; b,ftcsdefrSmxGufrvJ/
aomufypfrSm pkd;&drfvdkYyg[,f}}
a,bk,stm;jzifh uav;b0rSm bDydk;u cE´mudk,fxJ0if&if cE´udk,fu bDydk;xGufavmuf
oef;xGef;u cg;yHkpxJrS ydkufqHxyk fudk
atmif wkdufcdkufa&;pGrf;tifraumif;ao;awmh ydk;u yGm;csifwkdif;yGm;aew,f/ vluawmh
vSrf;ay;vQif rcifyku uav;\ acgif;av;
bmrSrjzpfbl;/ Immune Tolerance Phase vdkY ac:w,f/ touf 20-25ESpf ywf0ef;usifrSm
udk tomrNyD; acgif;tHk;atmufrS ydkufqt H dwf
cE´mudk,fu udk,fcHpGrf;&nfjynfh0vmNyD; bDydk;udk armif;xkwfw,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm Immune
jym;jym;av;xJ xnfhzdkYBudK;pm;onf/ rqHh
Clearance Phase vdkYac:w,f/ 'Dtcsdef av;[m ta&;BuD;w,f/ vl[m aomuf [Jh? pm;[JheJ Y
ojzifh <uyf<uyftdwfxkyfudk b,frSmxm;&
t&ufwkdY bD,mwdkYaomufae&if ydk;u b,fxGufawmhrvJ/ vli,f-vl&G,f 'PfcH
rSe;f rodjzpfaeonf/ vufawGvnf; wkefae Ekdifw,fqkdayr,fh tvGeftMuL;aysmfyg;&if usef;rma&;ysufjym;rSmaygh/ bDydk;u b,fxGuf
onf/ rvJ/ bDydk;&Sdae&if udk,fcE´musef;rmatmif taetpm;qifjcifzdkY vkdw,f/
]]b,folUrS rajymeJYaemf tdrf*&Haygif
wm/ ti,frod&if yGufawmhrSmyJ}} bDydk;&Jh vufu©PmawGu bmvJ/
q&mr a&mufvmonf/ trSefuawmh tonf;a&mifydk;tm;vHk;&Jh vu©PmawGu twlwlygyJ/ rtDromjzpfw,f/
]]uJ b,frSmvJ *vl;udkYpfykvif;}} zsm;csifw,f/ ysKdUw,f/ tefw,f/ tpmrpm;csifbl;/ aq;vdyf raomufcsifawmhbl;/
q&mru uav;udk aq;oGif;ay;zdkY udk,fvufudkufcJw,f/ 0gcsifvnf; 0gvmr,f/ r0gcsifvnf; r0gvmbl;/ wpfcgwav
jyifaeonf/ tjyifbufrSm rdk;onf;onf; tvGef0gvmw,f/ qD;u tvGefta&mif&ifhw,f/ vufzuf&nftMurf;ususta&mifjzpf
&G maeonf/ olwkdY\om;BuD; u rd k; a&pk d& GJ w,f/ omrefqD;ta&mifu aumuf½kd;ta&mif cyf0g0gav;? a&;aomufrsm;&if jzLw,f/
vsuf aq;½kHxJ0ifvmonf/ tom;0gwJhvlawGrSm 0rf;jzLwwfw,f/ udk,f,m;wwfw,f/ wcsKdYrSmawmh bma&m*g
vu©PmrS r&Sdbl;/ enf;enf;yg;yg; EkH;wmyJ&Sdw,f/ ao;ppfMunfhawmhrS bDydk;wkdY? pDydk;wdkU
qufvufazmfjyygrnf/ &SdrSef;odw,f/

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE
PAGE -- 37
37
INTERVIEW
www.google.com A U S T R A L I A N

]
B U R M E S E
ud k,hf udk, fuCdk trS
O M M
w,f? tjypfuif;w,f rajym
m;uif;

zl ;ygbl;/ tpfr rSm ;cJh wm &Sd


ovdt k jypfvnf;&Scd hyJ g w,f/
'gay r,hf 'gawG[m od&ufeJY
UpmrsNufEISm (29)
T rkYuwdaJqmif
O;yg;rSU... R N A L

pDr,fhae&mrSm vkdr,fhtkwfudk rodyJoGm;ay;&if


yef;&Hq&mtqJudk cHaya&mh ...}}
]]tJh'gawGNyD;awmhrS oHvufukid f&w,f/ tJ'h g
wrifwumrSm ;atmif? t u yef;&Htvkyfoiftqifhaygh/ aeYpm;cu (90-
jypf jzpf atmif zefwD;cJhwm? 100) &NyD/ ta&;BuD;wJhae&mawGudk rpD&ao;bl;/
tMurf;xnfudkifr,fhae&mawGavmufyJ pD&ao;
vkyfcJhwm r[kwfbl;qdkwm
w,f/ rqvmtacsmudkif&ao;wmr[kwfao;
awmh aocsm yg w,f .../
bl;/ tkwfpD½kHoufoufyJ/ awmfawmfpDwwfvm
NyD? oHvufudk aumif;aumif;udkifwwfvmNyDqdk
awmhrS ta&;BuD;wJhae&mawGrSm tkwfpD&w,f/
axmifhcsK;d wkdY? tdraf &SYrsufESmpmwkdY? usm;yg;pyf zGifh
&r,fhae&mwkdYaygh/ tJ'gawG awmfawmfuRrf;usif
NyD qdka wmhrS rqvmtacsmudkif &w,f/ yxr
awmh vuf&mawGu Murf;w,f/ bkawG xae
Ref; a&TtjrLaw? pufwifbm 2009/ wwfw,f/ aemufawmhvnf; wjznf;jznf;eJY
touf 38 ESpfjynhfawmhr,hf pdk;jrwfo lZm&J YcHpm;rItaMumif; t&ifqHk;odcsifw,f/ uRrf;usifvmawmh ... acsmvmwmygyJ .../}}
38 ESpfqdkwJh toufu 40 bufudk eD;aeygNyD/ ri,fawmhwJht&G,frSm bmrqdk ]]tJ'Dawmh yef;&Hq&mjzpfNyDaygh}}
owdeJYpOf;pm;NyD;rS csihfcsdefqHk;jzwf&ygw,f/ b,folrSay;rxm;wJh (wm0ef) ]][kwfuJh ...}}
awGu rpdk;rSm trsm;BuD;&Sdaeao;w,f/ rpdk;twGuf ta&;BuD;qHk; ]]usaemfajcmufESpfavmufvkyfNyD ;rS yef;&H
tcsufuawmh b,folYtwGufyJjzpfjzpf? bmtwGufyJjzpfjzpf q&mb0ukd a&muf&wmyg/ aeYpm;cvnf; (160
pdwf"mwfruszdkYygyJ/ t&ifu cPcP pdwf"mwfuscJh&wmawG[m -170-180) &vmw,f/ vkyfcwkd;vmovkd
rpdk; pdwfrusef;rmvdkYyg/ tckaemufydkif; udk,hfpdwfudkowdxm;NyD; usef;rm xkdif;rSmaewJh vlaerIp&dwfawGuvnf; wkd;vm
atmifxm;ygw,f/ pdwfusef;rm&if vlvnf; tvdkvdkusef;rmvmygw,f/ awmh 'DvkdygyJ/ t&ifu qef (15) uDvkdwpfyH;k udk
pdwfa&mudk,yf g usef;rmaeoa&GU rpdk;tvkyfawG trsm;BuD;vkyfEdkifOD;rSmyg/ bwfwpf&mav;ig;q,f/ tckawmh av;&m? av;
&mhESpq f ,fjzpfaeNyDav/ aemufNyD; tvkyfvkyfcGifh
touf 37 ESpfrSm tqdk;awG MuHKcJh&wJh ol? 38 ESpfrSma&m tJ'DvdkrsKd;awG MuHKae& vuf r Sw f vk yf w mu oH k ;axmif &S pf & m? av;
ao;vm;/ axmifukefw,f/ &awmh &yg&Jh/ NyD;&if [kdukef?
rESpfuxufpm&if 'DESpfu rpdk;twGuf ydkNyD; pdwfoufom&m&vmNyDvdkY ajymEdkif 'DukefeJY aemufqHk;awmh &&pm;pm;ygyJ ...}}
ygw,f/ OD;0if;jidrf;ajymovdk rdk;vif;awmhr,fxifyg&J Y/ ]]usaemfem;rvnfEkdifwmu usaemfwkdY t
jyóemtcuftcJawGuawmh b,folrqdk wpfoufvHk; &ifqdkifae&rSmygyJ/ vkyfqkdufxJrSm xdkif;yef;&Hq&mawGvnf;&Sdw,f/
aMumufaer,hftpm; taumif;qHk;enf;eJY b,fvdkajz&Sif;rvJqdkwmudkyJ olwkdYu waeYukd (200) uae (250) avmuf&
tpfrOD;pm;ay;rSmyg/ toufBuD;vmawmh owdåaumif;vmNyDxifyg&JU/ NyD; usaemfwdkY yef;&Hq&mawGusawmh (160) uae
180yJ&w,f/ olwkdYeJY usaemfwdkYeJY tvkyfvnf;wl
pdk;jrwfolZm taeeJY 'DtcsdefrSm trSm;uif;ol wpfa,mufvm;/ w,f/ tvkyfcsdefvnf;wlw,f/ vkyftm;vnf;
rpdk; udk,hfudk,fudk trSm;uif;w,f? tjypfuif;w,f rajymzl;ygbl;/ wlw,f/ uRrf;usifrIvnf; ruGmbl;/ aemufNyD;
tpfr rSm;cJhwm\&Sdovdk tjypfvnf;&SdcJhygw,f/ 'gayr,hf 'gawG[m od&ufeJY usaemfwkdYvnf; w&m;0iftvkyfvkyfcGifh ygrpfeJY
wrifwum rSm;atmif? tjypfjzpfatmif zefwD;cJhwm? vkyfcJhwm r[kwfbl; vkyfaeMuwmyJ ...}}
qdkwmawmh aocsmygw,f/ b,folrS tqdk;udk rvdkcsifbl;qdkayr,hf qdk;wm
awGvkyf&ifawmh tqdk;'PfcH&rSmyJ/ aumif;wmvkyfygvsufeJY tqdk;jzpfcJh&ifawmh (3)
uHyJayhh/ toufBuD;vmwmeJYtrSs raumif;wmrvkyfrdatmif ydkowdxm; rkuwdonf olem;rvnfEkdifonfhjyóem
vmygw,f/ udk usaemfhtm;ajymjy\/ usaemfvnf; em;r
vnfEkdif/ bmvifwHwkdif;NydKuscJhtNyD; urÇmh&Gm
trSm;awGeJY ruif;EdkifwJh vlYb0&JU tem*wf twGufBudKw if jyifqifxm;wm BuD;twGif; rdk;a&;jrpfurl e,fpyfrsOf;tjzpf a&pD;
bmawGrsm; &SdvJ/ oefíaeqJvm; ...
tem*wftwGuf BudKwifpOf;pm;xm;w,fqdkwmxuf vuf&SdtajctaeudkyJ avta0SYaMumifh refusD;&GufwkdU a<uvGifhí
pOf;pm;csifygw,f/ tpfrrSm b0oifcef;pmawG trsm;BuD;yg/ 'gawGudk usvm\/ rkuwdonf refusD;&GufaMuGwdkYtm;
arhvdkYr&ygbl;/ xyfNyD;rjzpfatmif t&rf;qifjcif&ygw,f/ tqifajyjcif;? ai;í Munfhaeonf/
rajyjcif;? pdwfcsrf;omjcif;? rcsrf;omjcif;qdkwmawGuvnf;
rpdk;&J Yvkyf&yfawGeJY trsm;BuD;oufqdkifygw,f/ rif;aqGopf

PAGE - 38 SEPTEMBER 2009


ESSAY
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

pmrsufESm (32) rS ... pmrsufESm (21) yef;w&murf;ajc xkdif;EkdifiH ywfw&mNrdKU rS ...


uRefawmfrSm &efukefo dkY (2) &uf ½kwfw&uf toHtm;vH;k wdwo f Gm;onfxifí ywf0ef;usifudMk unfv h ku d f&m usaemfrh mS NrdKUpGeq
f ifajczHk;
(3) &ufqdNk yD; awmrStvm (3) vcefYMum wGiaf &mufaeonfudk awGU&onf/ 'Dae&mrSmawmh tdrfawGuvnf; rom;em;yg/ vlawGvnf; odyrf awGU
NyD; aomifwifvsuf&Sd&m? vJp&mvkcH snfydk &yg/ NrdK Uv,f&yf0ef;ESifh bmrSrqkdifavmufatmifyif? wdwfqdwjf cif;u rif;rlaeawmhonf/
r&Sd/ befaumufvcHk snf tjymwxnfudk ]]ruf-qD'G if}}
om rcRwfwef; 0wfae&\/ odYk jzpf&m udk xl;xl;qef;qef; qkid ;f bkww f pfckukdjrifí usaemf&yfMunfah erdonf/ yufw&mNrdKUv,fwiG f e,l;a,mh
A[de;f 0wfxm;aom rEÅav;vHkcsnftpdrf; awG? qefz&efpöuadk wG? yg&DawG rawGUcsiftqH;k .../ qD'G ifudak wmh wpfcgrS rawGU&yg/ Oa&myajrmufzsm;
ESiv hf J&ef twif;ylqm\/ uReaf wmfwkYd onf odyaf [mhrjzpfvSaom EkdifiiH ,fwpfckukd qkdif;bkwfwifxm;í tHhMoaerdonf/ bm&,fr[kwf? pdwf0ifpm;
ol\ EkdifiHjcm;a&;Xme twGif;0ef½k;H cef;wH ovdv k k&d dSí qdik x
f J0ifvdkuo f nf/
cg;udkyw d fum abmif;bDwdkuav;awGESifh eH&x H uf 0gusifp a0gvf&Sd (x) pm&Gufay:rS tifeDwmtufbwfrmS tm;&yg;&NyKH;aeonf/ usaemf
wpfa,mufvHkcsnf wpfa,mufvJMu\/ oabmaygufvdkufygNyD/ þqkdifi,fav;rSm twdwf\ vufusefypönf;jzpfygvdrfhrnf/ usaemfonfyif
NyD;vQif ESpaf ,mufom; tlwwfrwwf &,f tifeDwm tufbwfacwfukd rrScD hJyg/ qkid fxu J dk vSnfyh wfMunfv h duk fawmh aemufxyf a&S;a[mif;ypönf;wpfckukd
armvsuf&dSMuavonf/ onftaMumif;udk jrifvkduf&onf/ yifpifpm;[k,lq&aom tbd;k tdw k pfa,muf tcef;axmifhwiG f wpfa,mufwnf;xkid af eonf/
rcifBuD;tm;ajymjyaomtcg ]]‘&SifwkdU[m olUa&SUpm;yGJwGif aumfzDwpfcGuf? olUyg;pyfwGif aq;wHwpftdk;/ olUvufxJwGif owif;pmwpfapmif.../
cav;awGvdkbJaemf/ t&SufvJr&Sdb l;}}[k vef'ef vuf0t J odik ;f t0dkif;rSxkwfa0aom a';vD;0yfum; jzpfzkdUrsm;ygonf/ þrQaom pm&GufEiS hfxw k fonfh
&,fumBudrf;\/ owif;pmrSm 'gyJjzpfygvdrfhrnf/ NyD;awmh teDa&mifvk*d du k vnf; pl;pl;&J&JEkid fvo S nf/
olum; uRefawmfukd tcGio fh ifw
h kid ;f ]]usaemfxkdifr,faemf}}
EkdifiHa&;avmuodYk aoG;aqmif\/ t*Fvyd f pum;ajymazmf&Smaeaomusaemf[m av;av;pm;pm; cGihfawmif;ygonf/ tbk;d tdu k acgif; wpfcsuf
awmfvSefcg;eD;u 'dYk Armtpnf;t½kH;0if&ef qwfjyonf/ owif;pm zwfrysuf/ aq;wefcJrysuf ....? usaemf aemufxyfpum;wpfcGef; xyfcsLMunfhonf/
zsm;a,mif\/ aemuf uGejf rLepfjzpfaom ]]OD;aq;wHu 'ef;[D;vm; cifAs}}
tcg olOuúXvkyfaom tvkyform;or*¾ ]]r[kwfbl;? &GmvGwf}}
wGiyf g0if&ef wku d fwGef;\/ odYk aomf uRef ]]Asm ...}}
awmfum; EkdifiHa&;orm;rjzpf/ pmayavm at; rif;b,fMum;zl;rvJ/ jrefrmjynf? bD;vl;uRef;? &GmvGwfqdw k J&h mG uav;uvkyfwm/ 'gudk rif;wkUd
uwGifom arGYavsmf\/ EkdifiHBuD;om;awGu 'ef;[D;wHqdyfuyfNyD; urÇmjzefUw,fav .../
uAsmudkawGYvQif vlawGcspfovdk? tbk;d tdrk mS bmudrk eS ;f rod a'goxGufae[efwlygonf/ olUtoHu cyfrmrm/ olUtoGifu cyfwif;
udkb[de;f udv k nf; awGYvQif rcspfyJraeEdkif/ wif; .../ usaemfEdkifiHBuD;om;r[kwaf Mumif; uysmu&m &Si;f jy&onf/
ol\tjyKH;onf tifrwefcspfzG,faumif; ]]usaemfu qDG'ifuygcifAs ....}}
onf/ tjyKH;rSm uAsmav;wpfy'k Ef iS hfwal e ]]atmf qD'G ifuud;k / udyk ifa[yifukd ud, k fi,fi,fu a&mufz;l ygw,f/ odyv f SwJh NrdKUuav;/
\/ t*Fvdyfpmygarmu©½kwfpfuyif udkA tbd;k tdku ta0;wpfae&mudak i;í cyfaqG;aqG;ajymaeonf/ usaemf tm;wufvmonf/
[def;tm; ‘]]ESpv f kzd G,faumif;aom oli,fbJ}} ]]OD;u udyk ifa[yifukd tvnfoGm;wmayghaemf}}
[kajym\/ 'gaMumifh olUudk uAsm[k uRef ]]b,fuvm tm;tm;,m;,m;/ urÇmhNidrf;csrf;a&;uGef*&ufaqG;aEG;yGJ oGm;wwfwmuG}}
awmfuac:\/ uRefawmft h xifjzifh olYtrl olUvufxrJ S ‘a';vD;0yfum;ESihfqufpyfMunfNh yD; usaemfoabmaygufvdkuyf gNyD/ tbd;k tdrk mS cef;aqmif
t&m/ olYtjyKH;uav;rsm;onf uAsmqef eDxJrS a&S;a[mif;½kyfwkwpfckjzpfvdrhfrnfxifonf/
vS\/ ]]tif; ckavmufqdk rif;wkUd udyk ifa[*ifvJ ysufp;D avmufygNyD/ 'kdUrsm;&JUyufw&mudyk MJ unfhav}}
udAk [def;u uRefawmfu h dk EkdifiHa&;o ]]Asm yufw&m bmjzpfvdkUvJ}}
rm;jzpfapcsif/ odYk aomfrjzpf? uRefawmfu rodq;dk 0g;&efaumqdkonfyh Hrk sKd;ESifh tbd;k tdku usaemfu h dk cyfapGapGMunfhonf/
udAk [de;f udk pma&;q&mjzpfapcsi\ f / odYkaomf ]]bmjzpf&rSmvJuG/ ysufp;D jcif;ig;yg;qku d faewmaygh/ 'kp½du k faumifawG&UJ om;&JwiG ;f ? wPSm½l;awG&UJ
rjzpf / aqmifMumNrdKif ...}}
udkA[def;rusef; rmí rEÅav;wGif a'govIdif;wHyd;k awGxefvmjyefí usaemhfrSmNidrfae&onf/
aq;ukvsuf&dSpOf waeYoü ok"r®0wDykHEySd f ]]at; tJ'gbmaMumifhvJ rif;odvm;}}
wku d fwGif ocifbud;k ESihf oGm;awGY\/ ]]rodbl;cifAs}}
]]b,feYJ vJ udAk [def;b,fvkdaeao; ]]rSwfxm; *vdb k ,fvkduaf Z;&Sif;aMumifhu/G 'if;aMumifh ...}}
vJ}}[k uRefawmfuar;\/ ajym&if; 0ke;f ueJx&yfonf/ owif;pmudk ukwftusÐtyd x f J vH;k xd;k xnfo h nf/
]]‘'DvkdbJ a&m*gu wef;aew,fAsm/ ]][m OD; jyefawmhrvdUk vm;}}
rEÅav;aq;½krH mS wufaew,f/ cifAsm;udk ]]jyefr,f *vdb k ,fvkdufaZ;&Si;f eJUa0;wJq h Dudk ajy;awmhr,f}}
awmif udAk [def;u ar;vdu k fw,f}} ]]b,fajy;rSmvJ OD;}}
aemuf (10) &ufcefYMumaomtcg ]]x&ufuadk yghAsm/ tJ'Dukdawmh *vdb k ,fvdu k faZ;&Sif;qdwk Jt h aumif ra&mufavmufao;ygbl;}}
uRefawmfv nf; aeraumif;í tdyf&mxJ ajym&if;qk&d if;yif a'gowBuD;xGufoGm;awmhonf/ yufw&mudk ausmay;NyD;? x&ufudo k Gm;awmhrnfh
wGifr Sdef;aepOfwpfnü orm"dowif;pm tbk;d tdu k dk ai;&if;u usaemfhrSm qefYusifbuf\orD;ysKdudk zsufueJowd&vdkuo f nf/ ]]ac;}}
wkdurf S rdwaf qGt,f'DwmwpfOD;u ]]udkA ]]usrwkdUtvkyfu aumif;awmhraumif;bl;ayghtudk&,f/ 'gayr,fh bmwwfEdkifrvJ/ wjcm;a&G;
[de;f wpfa,muf rEÅav;aq;½krH mS qHk;NyD}}[k p&mrSr&Sdwm}}
vma&mufajym\/ uRefawmfonf tHhtm; rSefonf ac;wGif rdbtodkif;t0kdif;r&Sd/ t&if;tESD;r&Sd/ ynmr&Sd/ odkUtwGuf a&G;p&mr&Sd/ ac;
oifu h m xdwfvefYwkev f Iyo f Gm;onf/ aemufqHk;ajymcJhaompum;udk owd&aerdjyefonf?
udk b[de f;? udkb[def; ? cspfvS pGm ]]aumif;aumif;qkd;qd;k ayghtudk&m/ tvkyfu tvkyfyaJ v/ aps;uGufus,fawmh yd;k aumif;wmaygh/
aom oli,fcsif;udAk [def;um; r&SdawmhNyD/ [kwfzl;vm;/}} + + +

NO 1, VOLUME - 3 PAGE - 39
SPORT ARTICLE
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

]vGefcJhonfhESpfaygif; oHk;q,fcefYu
vufa0SYxkd;owfrIyHko@mefu ,ckuJh odkY pdefac:yGJrsm;[lí r[kwf/
tvHvkyGJrsm; tjzpf xdk;owfMu&onf/
yxrtvH? 'kwd ,tvH? wwd,tvHpojzifh
twef;cGJ\/ qkaMu;rSmvnf; tvH&rS qk&onf/
tvH wpfckvQif qkaMu;wpfckom&Sd\/ xdk;owf& rI
yHko@mefrSmvnf; yxrtvHtwGuf
xkd;owf&ef vufa0YSorm; (8) OD;&SdvQif
(8) OD;vHk; ywfvnfxkd;owfMu&onf/
abmvHk; upm;enf;uJhodkY
upm;Mu&jcif;jzpf\/

oufckdif
(u) ír&/ n§mír&/ tuGJxkd;&onf/ tvJxkd; toD;oD;&xm;cJhMuonfh vufa0SYorm;rsm;
jrefrm½kd;;&mvufa0SYxkd;owfyGJ\ tm; &onf/ jzpf\/ EkdifiHjcm;om; vufa0YSorm;rsm; ESifh
upm;enf;pepfrsm; ajymif;vJcJhonfrSm Mum xdk;owfzl;Muonfholrsm;vnf;jzpfNyD;? upf
NyD[kqdk&rnf/ vGefcJhonfhESpfaygif; oHk;q,f (c) abmifqif? arGYxdkif;vufa0S Yorm;wkdYESifh
cefYu vufa0SYxkd;owfrIyko H @mefu ,ckuJh rsufarSmufacwfNydKif jref rmhvufa0SY vnf; tEdkifESifhoa& xdk;EdkifcJhMuonfholrsm;
odkY pdefac:yGJrsm;[lí r[kwf/ tvHvkyGJrsm; tm;upm;orm;rsm;tm;Munfh vQif yxr jzpfonf/
tjzpf xdk;owfMu&onf/ yxrtvH? 'kwd wef; jrefrmh½dk;&mvufa0SYorm;rsm;u vHk; olwdkYav;OD;teuf &efBuD;atmifurl
,tvH? wwd,tvHpojzifh twef;cGJ\/ acsm? 0if;xGef;? apmiref;? &efBuD;atmif[lí tm;vHk;xJüESmwpfzsm;rQaemufwGif usef&pfcJh
qkaMu;rSmvnf; tvH&rS qk&onf/ tvH awGY&rnf/ rnfolrSs acgif;wpfvHk; ydkírjrifh onf[k qkd&rnf/
wpfckvQif qkaMu;wpfckom&Sd\/ xdk;owf& Mu/ vHk;acsmESifhapmiref;u pdefac:yGJ (4) Budrf NyD;cJhonfhZlvdkifv (6) &ufaeY wGHaw;
rIyHko@mefrSmvnf; yxrtvHtwGuf xkd; xkd;owfcJh MuNyD;jzpf\/ xkd;owfcJhMuonfh yGJwGifvnf; 0if;xGef;ESifhvHk;acsmu oa&yif
owf&ef vufa0YSorm; (8) OD;&SdvQif (8) av;yGJü (2) OD;pvHk;u (2) yGJEkdif? (2) yGJ½IH;ESifh/ qufíjzpfaeNyD;? apmiref;ESifh vHk;acsmu
OD;vHk; ywfvnfxkd;owfMu&onf/ abmvHk; yGJpOftm;csKyfMunfhygu ‘]oa&}usíaeonf/ vnf; t½IH;tEkdifwlaeonfhtwGuf yxr
upm;enf;uJhodkY upm;Mu&jcif;jzpf\/ ,ck tjywftowfr&Sd / vHk ;acsmESif h0 if;xGef ;u wef; jrefrmhvufa0SYorm;ae&mudk rnfol
pdefac:yGJrsm;xuf ydí k yifyef;onf/ NydKifbuf pdefac:yGJ (3) yGJ xdk;owfcJhMuNyD;jzpfonf/ rnf0g[lí eHygwfxdk;ír&Edkifao;/ trnf
rsm;tm;vHk;tm; wpfa,mufNyD; wpfa,muf oHk;yGJpvHk;ü oa&yGJESifhyif tqHk;owfxm;\/ wyfí r&ao;/
xkd;owf&onf/ y0grul? a&r,lwrf; xdk; tEkdift½IH; r&Sdao;/ &efBuD;atmifu vHk;acsm apmiref; u vHk ;acsmES if hxdk; owf&ef
owf& jcif ;/ aemufqHk ; BudK;0dk if ;tv,fü ESifh oa&xdk;owfcJhNyD; apmiref;udkrl ½IH;xm; apmifhae\/ olESifhvHk;acsmtMum; t½IH;tEdkif
wpfa,mufwnf;usefrS tvHtm;&\/ nm \/ olYtwef;ESifhol atmifjrifrI o&zlwkYdtm; pmrsufESm (19) okdU ...
PAGE
PAGE -- 40
40 SEPTEMBER
SEPTEMBER 2009
2009
INTERVIEW
A l l R i g h t R e s e r v e d t h e A u s t r a l i a n B u r m e s e C o m m u n i t y G r o u p ...

tjzpf wufa&mufoifMum;cGifh & aMu;pm;abmvH;k orm;b0t


cJhygw,f/ tm;umodyÜHrSm &Sdae ay: b,fvkdcHpm;&vJ/
ol[m jrefrmhvufa&G;pif pOfrSmyJ 2003 ckESpfrSm pD;yGm;ul; usaemf aMu;pm;
upm;orm;awGxJu taumif; oef; (c) toif;u? olwdk Ut abmvH k; orm;tjzpf
qHk;upm;orm;wpfa,mufjzpf oif;rSmupm;zdkY urf;vSrf;vmwm aZ,sma&T ajrtoif;
ovdk wpfOD;csif;? toif;vdkuf eJU pD;yGm;ul;oef; (c) pNyD;upm; rSm vwfrw S fxk;d aMu;
xl; cRef qkawG tBudrfBudrfqGwf cJhygw,f/ usyfodef; (50)? vpm
cl;Edkicf Jholvnf; jzpfygw,f/ NyD;cJh pD;yGm;ul;oef; (c) toif; usyf (10) odef;eJY upm;
wJh MNL Cup NydKifyGJrSmvnf; t rSm wpf&moDom upm;cJh&w,f/ aeygw,f/ 'gayr,fh yGifh
aumif;qHk; upm;orm;qkudk ESpf aemuf &moDrSmawmh pD;yG m;ul; yGihfvif;vif;ajym&&if us
Budrfwdkifwdkif &&SdcJhygw,f/ tvdrf oef;toif;BuD;rSm upm;cGifh&cJh aemf aZ,sma&Tajrupm;
tacguf? tjrefEIef;eJY abmvHk; ygw,f/ 2005rSm ,l-20 tmqD orm;b0udk odyt f m;
uRrf;usifr Iudk OD ;pm;ay;upm; ,HcsefyD&pS fNydKifyJt
G wGuf a&G;cs,f r&bl;/ &efukef,l
wwfwJh &mZm0if;odef;eJY ar;jref; cHcJ&h ygw,f/ tJ'D NydKifyGrJ Sm jrefrm Edu
k wf ufudk ajymif;
pk aqmif; xmorQukd A.B.C *sm toif;[m tmqD,H ,l-20 csef zdkYqE´&Sdw,f/ &ef
e,frSwqifh aazmfjyoGm;rSmjzpfyg yD,Hqkudk &cJhygw,f/ ukefuvnf; us
w,f/ 2006 rSm jrefrmhvufa&G; aemf hu dk p dw f
piftoif;twGuf a&G;cs,f cHcJh& 0ifpm;w,f/
rdbrsm;eJUywfoufvdkU/ w,f/ 'DaeUtxd vufa&G;pifyGJ 'gayr,fh
usaemfhtazu OD;0if;odef;? aygif; (40) ausmf upm;cJhy g
taru a':jrifhjrifhOD;yg/ w,f/
Zmwduawmh &ef ukef uyJ aZ
jzpfygw,f/ armifErS okH;a,muf &cJhwJhqkawGeJUywfoufvdkY/ ,sma&T
&Sdygw,f/ usaemfu ti,fqHk; usaemf jrefrmhvufa&G;pOf ajru us
yg/ toif ;rSmupm;&if; rma';um; aemfhudk ajymif;a&TU
aiGwHqd yf? qD;*drf;aiGwHqd yf qk cGifh rjyKao;bl;/ us
ESifh a wGU qkH a r ; jr ef; jcif;
tm;upm;avmuxJ 0if a&muf rsm;udk &&SdcJhygw,f/ jynfwGif; aemfhp mcsKyfoufwrf; ukef
vmykHtpu/ rSmvnf; a&TabmvHk;qk (2) Budrf? wJhtxdawmh aZ,sma&G ajreJU
usaemf touf (11) ESpf First Eleven taumif;qHk; abm upm;oGm&rSmyJ/ 2011 txdaygh/
t&G,f? ( 1999 ckESpf) rSm tm; vHk;orm;qk wpfBudrf? pme,fZif;
umodyÜHujyKvkyfwJh vla&G;yGJrSm yg rsm;uay;wJh taumif;qHk;abm aemufqkH; y&dowfukdbmajymcJhcsifygvJ/
0if ta&G;cHcJhygw,f/ tuJjzwf vHk;orm;qk (1) Budrf &&Sdc Jhyg uRefawmf[m tcktcsdeftxd y&dowft
wm0ef&SdolawGu oabmuswm w,f/ wGuf BudK;pm;aeqJjzpfygw,f/
aMumifh tm;umodyÜHausmif;om; +++

csrf;om
Sheoak Road

To
nk
in
HW
Y

Westfield Street
Kevin Road

Gosnells Rd West

Albany Highway

CHAN tHAR ORIENTAL

Phone: 9459 0650 Fax: 9459 0645 E-mail: chantharoriental@bigpond.com.au


Address: Unit 1& 2, 2 Westfield Street, Maddington WA 6109
NO
NO 1,
1, VOLUME
VOLUME -- 33 PAGE -- 41
PAGE 41
SPORT NEWS
A U S T R A L I A N B U R M E S E C O M M U N I T Y J O U R N A L

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ref,ltu,f'rD pDa&mfe,fvf'dk yife,fwD*dk;a=umifh


zGifhvSpfrnf[k &pfuDqGrf;uajymqkd &D;,Jvfruf'&pf tEkdif&
&pfuDqGrf;onf vdkufab;&D;,m; vufa&G;pifabmvHk;orm; &D;,JvEf Sihf 'DykdYwDAkdwkdY\ yJG

Photo : google
a[mif;wpfOD;jzpfNyD; vuf&SdwGif puFmylEdkifiHom;cH,lum abmvHk;orm; pOfü &D;,Jvftoif;rS upm;orm;
at;*sifhtjzpf aqmif&Gufaeoljzpfonf/ olonf jrefrmEdkifiH abmvHk; topfrsm;jzpfonfh pDa&mfe,fvf'?dk
tzGJYcsKyfvufatmuf&Sd vufa&G;piftoif;rsm;ESifh jrefrmae&Sife,fv*d f umum? tvGeq f ?dk befZrD m? &mtl;vf
toif;rsm;udk pyGefqmay;&ef jrefrmEdkifio H dkY a&muf&Sdaeoljzpfonf/ wdYktm;vHk;tm; yJGxkwfoGm;cJhonf/
]]uRefawmf vmr,fhwe*FaEGaeYrSm puFmyludkjyefygr,f/ 'gay yxrykdif;wGif &D;,Jvfruf
r,fh ESpfywftwGif; 'Dudk aemufwpfacguf jyefvmygOD;r,f/ uRef '&pftaejzihf &mtl;vf? pDa&mfe,fvf
awmfh&JUabmvHk;orm;awG ac:vmzdkYeJY jrefrmEdkifiHrSm vli,fabmvHk; 'kdwkdY *kd;oGif;,lEkdifcJhNyD; (29) rdepf
tu,f'rDausmif;awG wnfaxmifEdkifzdkYyg/ avmavmq,f puFmylrSm wGif 'DykdYwDAkdtoif;rS &DuDu acs
vnf; uRefawmf abmvHk;tu,f'rDav;awG wnfaxmifxm;yg y*kd; jyefoGif;cJhojzihf (2) *kd; (1)
w,f/ touf (10) ESpfuae (12) twGif; uav;awGtwGufyg/ *kd;jzihf OD;aqmifEdik fcJhonf/ 'kwd,
jrefrmEdkifiHrSm tJ'grsKd;wnfaxmifEdkifatmif? 'grSr[kwf jrefrmEdkifiHu ykdif; (47) rdepfwGif A,fvm&GefrS
uav;awGukd puFmylrSmoGm;wufEdkifatmif pDpOfay;ygr,f}}[k &pfuD 'kwd,*kd;oGif;,lay;cJhojzihf (2)
qGrf;u ajymMum;cJhonf/ *kd;pD oa&usae&mrSm (59) rdepf
NyD;vQif &pfuDqGrf;u ]]jrefrmEdkifiHrSm ref,ly&dowfawG t&rf; tl;vfu tqH;k owfcNhJ y;D ? (34) rdepf
wGif &D;,Jvf uGif;v,fupm;o
rsm;w,fvdkY od&ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmf[m ref,ltoif;uae
rm; vufpfem'D,m&mu tEkdif*kd; wGif &mtl;vftm;zsufxkwf&mrS
w&m;0if z&efcsKdufpepfeJYn§dEdIif;NyD; ref,labmvHk;tu,f'rDwpfck
oGif;,lay;cJhum yJGtNyD;wGif (3) &&Sod nfh yife,fwDrwS qihf pDa&mf
jrefrmEdkifiHrSmwnfaxmifzdkY BudK;yrf;oGm;ygr,f}}[k aajymMum;cJhonf/
*kd; (2) *kd;jzihf tEkdif&&SdcJhonf/ e,fvf'kdu 'kwd,*kd;oGif;,lay;
rauG;toif;u &D;,Jvfruf'&pftoif; t cJhum 'kwd,ykdif; (59) rdepfwGif
jrefrmae&Si;f e,fvd*f
wGuf *kd;rsm;ukd (25) rdepfwGif uGif;v,fupm;orm; vufpfem
'kw, d tausmhwGif EkdifiHjcm;om;upm;orm;
umum? befZDrmwkdYwJGvHk;rS w 'D,m&mu tEkdif*kd; oGif;,lay;cJh
rauG; tufzfpD wku d fppfrLS ; (4) OD;tm; ac:,l qifh&&Sdvmonfh abmvHk;tm; &m onf/
yg0ifzG,f&Sd
rauG;tufzfpDrS wdkufppfrSL; 'kwd ,tBudrf usif;yrnfh tmqife,fonf rdrdwkd@tm;
pnfol0if;onf NyD;cJhonfh MNL MNL Grand Royal 2009 trS w f
Cup NydKifyGJwGif &wemyHktoif;ESifh ay;abmvkH;NydKifyJGwGif rauG;t emusifatmifrvkyfEkdif[k &Gef;eDqkd
yGJpOfü ajcaxmufusKd;cJhNyD;? 'Pf&m oif;onf toif;tiftm;ukd ykdrkd pGrf;aqmifEkdifcJ holjzpfNyD;? jypf
rSm jyif;xefojzifh pwD;acsmif;jzifh awmifw h if;ap&eftwGuf Ekdiif jH cm; 'Pfabmtm; udk,w f dkifuefoGif;
ulí ukoay;cJh&onf/ ,cktcg om; upm;orm; (4) OD;tm; ,lum acsy*dk;oGif;,lay;cJhjcif;
ol \'Pf&mrSm aumif;rGe faeNyD; Mo*kwf (25) &ufaeY rGe;f vGJykdif; jzpfonf/ &GefeDu ]]yGJaumif;wpf
aemufxyf (2) vcefYom tem;,l wGif (5) v uefx½kdufjzifh ac: yGJyg/ uRefawmfhtxifawmh yxr
&efvdkawmhonf[k od&onf/ xdkY ydkif;upm;yHku 'kwd,ydkif;xuf ydk
,lchJaMumif; od&onf/
aMumifh olonf atmufwdkbm (21) aumif ;ygw,f/ tmqife ,ft
rauG;toif;onf Ekdif*sD;
&ufaeYwGif pwifusif;yrnfh MNL aeeJY *dk;wpf*dk;uvGJNyD; uRefawmf
'kwd,tausmh yGJpOfrsm;ü yg0ifí &D;,m;aemufcH upm;orm;rsm;
jzpfaom Samuel Chukwunyere wdkYudk emusifatmif rvkyfEkdifchJyg
upm;EdkifzG,f&dSonf/
Iheanacho ESifh Okochi Elijah Fin- bl;}}[k ajymMum;cJhonf/
]]avmavmq,f 'Pf&mt
bar ? Ejueyitsi Julius Oritsewe-
yif e,fw Dowf rSwf ay;cJh
ajctaeu t&rf;aumif;aeygw,f/
ynmmi uif r &G e f ;uG i f ;v,f v l
jcif;ESifhywfoufívnf; ]]oHo
csKdi;f axmufrygbJ vrf;avQmufEdkif
Nsangou Arowna Ayiagnigni wkd Y
,&Sdp&m rvdkygbl;/ *dk;orm;u
wJhtjyif tdrfrSm pufbD;pD;wmwdkY?
uRefawmfhajcaxmufudk 0ifwdkucf Jh
Photo: AP

b,f&½D dkufwmwdkY pwJh avhusihcf ef; EkdifiHjcm;om; upm;orm; (4) OD;


awGawmif vkyfEdkifygNyD/ aemufESpf wmyg/ uRefawmf bmrSrvkyfEkdif
tm; wpfOD;vQif vpmtjzpf wpf
vavmufqdk aumif;aumif;jyefu cJhygbl;/}} [k &Sif;vif;ajymMum;
v tar&duefa':vm (1500)
pm;Edkifvdrfhr,fvdkY xifygw,f}} [k &Ge fe Donf tmqife ,ft cJhonf/ &GefeDonf yGJ\ taumif;
jzifh pmcsKyfcsKyfqdkcJhonf/ oif;tm; wpf*dk; *dk;r&Sdjzifh ½HI; qHk;upm;orm;tjzpf owfrSwf
pnfol0if;u ajymMum;onf/ +++
+++ edrhaf ecsdew
f iG f yife,fw&D &Sdatmif jcif;cHcJh&aMumif; od&onf/

PAGE - 42 SEPTEMBER 2009

You might also like