High Institute for Engineering & Technology, AL-Obour

Electrical Eng. Dept, 4th Year, Electronics & Comm. Section

Course Title :

Electronics for Instrumentations ELC (426)

Sheet 3

Instructor: Dr. Eng. Ibrahim F.Tarrad

Eng. Saad EL-Sayed

Problem 3.1: For the Schmitt trigger circuit shown below, if R 1 = 10 K,

then R2 = 60K, R3 = 10K, VCC = 12Vand the diodes are assumed to have a
constant 0.7V drop when conducting (VD = 0.7V) do the following:
a. Derive an expression and calculate the Lower and Upper Threshold Point
voltage (VLTP and V UTP) then draw the voltage transfer characteristics.
b. Calculate and draw the output waveform for the output if the input voltage V1 is
given by: V1 = 5 sin t.
c. Show how to limit the output voltage amplitude, VO to be 5V.
R1

R2

vin

R3

vo

D1

D2

Problem 3.2: The square and triangular wave generator circuit of the following figure,
if R1 = 1 K, R2 = 3K, R3 = 0.5 K, R = 2 K, C = 10 nF, VZ = 4.3 V and supply
voltage, VCC = 9 V.
For this circuit do the following:
a. Derive an expression for the frequency of oscillation, f.
b. Sketch the output waveforms VO1 and VO2 indicating the voltage levels and the
essential times.
c. Determine the current passing through the Zener diodes, iZ.
R2

R1
+

R3

vo1

Z1
Z2

R
+

vo2

Problem 3.3: For the circuit shown in figure, if R1 = 1 K, Rp = 5K,

R2 = 1K, R = 2.2 K and C = 100 nF.
Calculate:
a. Maximum frequency.
b. Minimum frequency.
c. Duty cycle in both above cases.
R

vo

R1

Z1

Rp

Z2
R2