KatherineJoAnne Buiteweg Cousino

Rebekah Kettler Lake Shore

Terms to Know
Background
Specific Heat
Linear Thermal Expansion
Problem Statement
Hypothesis
Experimental Design
Statistical Analysis
Recap
Conclusion

Calorimeter- apparatus for measuring the heat

involved in a chemical reaction; isolated system
Specific Heat- amount of heat required to change a
unit of mass of a substance by one degree
Linear Thermal Expansion- the fractional change in
length of a material for a unit change in
temperature
Smelting- extracting a metal from its ore by a
process involving heating and melting

Knowing the given metal, zinc, determine if

the specific heat and thermal expansion
properties of the unknown metal match
those properties of zinc.

If the specific heat and thermal expansion

properties of the known and unknown
metal percent error are vastly different,
then we can identify the unknown metal as
the same as our known metal, zinc.

 India, 1374
First recognized
First smelting manufacturer
Europe, 1743
United States, 1850
Atomic number
30

Property

Zinc

Density (g/mL)

7.14

Specific Heat (J/gC)

0.39

Linear Thermal Expansion

Coefficient (10-6/C)

0.0297

 Amount of heat required to raise the

temperature by one unit of temperature of
a unit of mass
=

Unique and different for every element

 Tendency to expand when warm, and

contract when cooled
Thermal Expansion Alpha Coefficient

( )()

Mass(g)
Trial

Rod
Water

Metal

Initial Temp.
(C)
Water

Equilibrium
Temp. (C)

Metal

Change in Temp.
Specific
(C)
Heat
(J/gC)
Water Metal

2 B

60

28.5

22.2

98.3

24.6

2.4

-73.7

0.287

15 B

60

28.5

19.6

98.0

23.1

3.5

-74.9

0.412

60

28.5

21.7

98.6

24.5

2.7

-74.1

0.315

Avg

Mass(g)

Trial

Rod
Water

Metal

Initial Temp.
(C)
Water

Equilibrium
Temp. (C)

Metal

Change in
Temp. (C)

Specific
Heat
(J/gC)

Water Metal

7 B

60

53.56

20.6

101.2

27.1

6.5

-74.1

0.411

10 B

60

53.56

20.1

101.7

26.4

6.3

-75.3

0.392

60

53.54 20.45

101.3

26.2

5.7

-75.2

0.355

Avg.

Trial

Rod

4 A
Avg

Initial
Length
(mm)

L
(mm)

Initial
Temp.
(C)

129.32

0.2032

98.5

24.9

-73.6

2.14E-05

128.81

0.1646

98.6

23.64

-75.0

1.71E-05

Final Temp
(C)

Change in
Temp (C)

Alpha
Coefficient
(1/Cx10E-6)

Trial

Rod

Initial
Length
(mm)

L (mm)

Initial
Temp.
(C)

Final
Temp
(C)

Change in
Temp (C)

Alpha
Coefficient
(1/Cx10E-6)

6 A

123.80

0.0764

98.3

20.5

-77.8

7.94E-06

7 B

123.57

0.0892

98.4

23.9

-74.5

9.69E-06

13 B

123.54

0.0764

98.3

20.5

-77.8

7.95E-06

123.66

0.0773

98.1

22.5

-75.7

8.16E-06

Avg

Known Metal: -18.03 %

Unknown Metal: 9.74 %

0.315

0.355

Specific Heat J/gC

 Ho: 1=2
Ha: 12
P-Value= 0.001454

Known Metal: -57.05 %

Unknown Metal: -79.16 %

1.68 x 10E-5

8.16 x 10E-6

Alpha Coefficient 1/Cx10E-6

 Ho: 1=2
Ha: 12
P-Value= 8.3x10-13

 Specific Heat
Known Metal Average: 0.320 J/gC
Unknown Metal Average: 0.355 J/gC
Thermal Expansion
Known Metal Average: 1.71x10-5
Unknown Metal Average: 8.26x10-6

 Homemade calorimeters
Too much time between water and
Jig/Calorimeter
Assuming the core temperature of the
metal rod

 More time to raise core temperature

Linear Thermal Expansion Jigs

 Teachers
Mr. Supal
Mrs. Hilliard

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