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  • Hypokalemi A: Serum K+ 3.5 Mmol/l

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    Fairoz Macud Adap
    19 views8 pages
    This document provides an algorithm for evaluating and treating hypokalemia. It outlines steps for determining the cause of low potassium through assessing potassium intake and losses, acid-base status, urine and serum electrolytes, and renin-aldosterone levels. Causes of hypokalemia include low potassium intake, intracellular shifting, renal losses, and extrarenal losses. Treatment depends on the identified cause and includes replacing intake for dietary deficiencies or treating underlying conditions causing renal or extrarenal potassium wasting.

    Original Description:

    Hypokalemia approach

    Original Title

    Hypokalemia: Approach

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    This document provides an algorithm for evaluating and treating hypokalemia. It outlines steps for determining the cause of low potassium through assessing potassium intake and losses, acid-base status, urine and serum electrolytes, and renin-aldosterone levels. Causes of hypokalemia include low potassium intake, intracellular shifting, renal losses, and extrarenal losses. Treatment depends on the identified cause and includes replacing intake for dietary deficiencies or treating underlying conditions causing renal or extrarenal potassium wasting.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    19 views8 pages

    Hypokalemi A: Serum K+ 3.5 Mmol/l

    Uploaded by

    Fairoz Macud Adap
    This document provides an algorithm for evaluating and treating hypokalemia. It outlines steps for determining the cause of low potassium through assessing potassium intake and losses, acid-base status, urine and serum electrolytes, and renin-aldosterone levels. Causes of hypokalemia include low potassium intake, intracellular shifting, renal losses, and extrarenal losses. Treatment depends on the identified cause and includes replacing intake for dietary deficiencies or treating underlying conditions causing renal or extrarenal potassium wasting.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

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    Therapy

    Emergency

    No further
    workup

    Hypokalemi
    a
    Serum K+ <3.5
    mmol/L

    Treat
    accordingly

    Treat according
    and reevaluate

    Clear evidence
    of low intake

    Pseudohypokale
    mia

    History, PE, and


    basic laboratory
    tests

    Clear evidence
    of intracellular
    shift
    Insulin excess
    Beta-adrenergic
    agonists
    FHPP
    Hyperthyroidism
    Barium intoxication

    Urine K

    <15 mmol/day
    OR <15 mmol/g
    Cr

    >15 mmol/day
    OR >15 mmol/g
    Cr

    Extrarenal loss/
    remote renal
    loss

    Renal loss

    Acid-base
    status

    TTKG

    Metabolic
    Acidosis
    Metabolic
    acidosis
    GI K+ loss

    Normal
    Profuse
    sweating

    Remote
    diuretic use
    Remote
    vomiting or
    stomach
    drainage
    Profuse
    sweating

    >4

    distal
    secretion

    Low OR normal

    <2
    History, PE, and
    basic laboratory
    tests

    tubular flow
    Osmotic
    diuresis

    High

    Variable

    Acid-Base
    status

    Nonreabsorbable
    anions other
    than HCO3Hippurate
    Penicillins

    Metabolic
    Acidosis

    Metabolic
    Alkalosis

    Proximal RTA
    Distal RTA
    DKA
    Ampothericin
    B
    Acetazolamide

    Urine Cl(mmol/L)

    >20

    <10

    Urine Ca/Cr
    (molar ratio)

    >0.20

    <0.15

    Loop diuretic
    Bartters
    syndrome

    Thiazide
    diuretic
    Gitelmans
    syndrome

    >4

    distal
    secretion

    Low OR normal

    <2
    History, PE, and
    basic laboratory
    tests

    tubular flow
    Osmotic
    diuresis

    High

    Aldosterone

    High

    Low

    Renin

    Cortisol

    High
    RAS
    RST
    Malignant
    HPN

    Low

    PA
    FH-I

    High

    Normal

    Cushings
    Syndrome

    Liddles
    syndrome
    Licorice
    SAME

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