Table 2: OTC Therapies for Autism

Therapy
BH4

Biochem
Rationale

Significant
Trial

Mixed

Danfors, 2005

Carnitine

Excellent

Carnosine

Mixed

Carotenoids

Excellent

CoQ10

Mixed

Digestive
enzymes

Good

DMG

Mixed

DMSA

Good

Folinic acid

Trial Description

Db, X-over, 12 boys, ages

4-7, low BH4
Double-blind, 30 kids,
Fahmy, 2013
ages 3-10
Double-blind, 31 kids,
Chez, 2002
ages 3-12
Theoharides, Open-label, 37 kids, ages
2012
4-14
Gvozdjakova, Open-label, 24 kids, ages
2014
3-6
Muasinghe,
Double-blind, 43 kids,
2010
ages 3-8
Double-blind, 33 kids,
Kern, 2001
ages 3-11
Db after first dose, 49
Adams, 2009
kids, ages 3-8

Excellent

Frye, 2014

Double-blind, 36 kids

Mixed

Levine, 1996

Db, X-over,9 kids

Methylcobalam

Excellent

Bertoglio, 2010

"Multivitamin"
(Adams')

Mixed

Inositol

NAC

Excellent

Omega-3 fatty
acids

Excellent

Probiotics

Excellent

Pyridoxine &
Magnesium

Mixed

Sulforaphane

Excellent

Vitamin C

Excellent

Vitamin D

Mixed

Color Key:

Excellent Good

Behavioral
Efficacy

p-value

Biological
Efficancy

Good, social

N/A

N/A

Excellent,
CARS

<0.001

Carnitine up

Good, GARS

0.01

N/A

Excellent,
multifacet

N/A

N/A

Good, CARS

N/A

Mixed

None, GBRS

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Glutathione
up

<0.005

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Glutathione
up

0.008

Excellent

<0.001

N/A

0.4

N/A

N/A

Softr stools,
less clostr

N/A

N/A

<0.001

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Minimal,
Vland ABC
Good, esp
1st round
Good,
language
None

DB, X-over, 30 kids, ages Good, not

3-8
stat signif
Double-blind, 104 kids & Excellent,
Adams, 2011
adults
PGI-R
Double-blind, 29 kids,
Good, decr
Hardan, 2012
ages 3-10
irritability
Double-blind, 27 kids,
Good, decr
Bent, 2011
ages 3-8
hyperact
Db, X-over, 39 kids, ages
Parracho, 2010
None, DBC
4-16
Double-blind, 10 kids,
None, CPRS
Findling, 1997
ages 3-17
Double-blind, 44 men,
Excellent,
Singh, 2014
ages 13-27
ABC
Double-blind, 18 kids,
Good, RF
Dolske, 1993
ages 6-19
Scale
None stat
Azzam, 2015
Double-blind, 21 kids
sig, CARS

sbittker@yahoo.com

Bad
Possible Sideeffects
Headache,
diarreah
Stomach upset,
diarreah
Urticaria, digest
issues

Risk

Possible Indications

Seth Bittker 2015

Possible
Contraindications

High phenylalanine, low

High monoamines
monoamines
Low carnitine, lipid
High carnitine,
Medium
peroxidation
dysbiosis
Low carnosine,
High carnosine,
Medium
oxidative stress
dysbiosis
High 8OHdG, low
Low
None
Minimal
carotenoids
Low plasma CoQ10,
Low
High plasma CoQ10
Excitation
lipid peroxidation
Undigested food in
Low
None
Minimal
stool
Low glycine, low
Medium
High glycine
Minimal
glutathione
Dysbiosis, mineral
High toxic metals, low
Low mineral levels,
High
deficits
glutathione
dysbiosis
Excitation,
Low reduced
Low
None
headache
glutathione, Frmgl
Mineral
High serotonin,
Medium
Low serotonin
deficiencies
mineral deficiency
Excitation,
Low reduced
Low
None
insomnia
glutathione, MMA
Minimal, those of
Low vitamin levels, low
Medium
High vitamin levels
constituens
neurotrans
Low cysteine; low oxDysbiosis, rash Medium
Dysbiosis
glutathione
Low Omega-3 fatty
High omega-3 fatty
Minimal
Low
acids
acids
Dysbiosis markers,
Gas
Low
None
oxidative stress
Low pyridoxine, low
Neuropathy
Medium
Very high pyridoxine
monoamines
High ox stress, sulfur
High
Epilepsy?
Possible seizures
excretion
Gastrointestinal
High 8OHdG, low iron,
Low copper, high
Medium
upset
high copper
monoamines
Constipation,
Low vitamin D, low
High monoamines,
Medium
immune dysreg
cholesterol
high androgens
High

Composite
Assessment
Poor
Excellent
Poor
Excellent
Poor
Poor
Poor
Poor
Excellent
Poor
Good
Excellent
Good
Good
Good
Poor
Good
Good
Poor