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Lara,Kenneth7thPeriod

AccordingtoHolesHumanAnatomyandPhysiologyThirteenthEditionthethree
generalfunctionsofthenervoussystemaretoreceiveinformation,decidingwhattodo,and
actingonthosedecisions.ThesearecalledSensory,Integrative,andMotor.Thenervoussystem
hastwomajorparts:thecentralnervoussystem(CNS)andtheperipheralnervoussystem(PNS).
Thecentralsystemistheprimarycontrolcenterforthebodyandiscomposedofthebrainand
spinalcord.Theperipheralsystemconsistsofanetworkofnervesthatconnectstherestofthe
bodytotheCNS.Thetwosystemsworktogethertocollectinformationfrominsidethebodyand
fromtheenvironmentoutsideit.Thesystemsprocessthecollectedinformationandthendispatch
instructionstotherestofthebody,makingitrespond.Inmostcases,thebrainisthedestination
forinformationgatheredbytherestofthenervoussystem.Oncedataarrives,thebrainsortsand
filesitbeforesendingoutanynecessarycommands.Thebrainisdividedintomanydifferent
sections,includingthecerebrumandbrainstem.

ThingLinkofSheepBrain
Thisisthepictureofthesheepbrain.Thebrainislabeled
andyoucanviewthisbyclickingonthelinklabeledThingLinkofSheepBrainabove.

Lara,Kenneth7thPeriod

CranialNerves

NerveName

Assessment

Result

Olfactory

smellscent

normal

II

Optic

readsnellenchart

normal

III

Oculomotor

observeeyelids

normal

IV

Trochlear

dilationofpupils

normal

Trigeminal

touchcorneawith
cotton

normal

VI

Abducens

normal

VII

Facial

smile,raise
eyebrows

normal

Lara,Kenneth7thPeriod

VIII

Vestibulocochlear

checkears

normal

IX

Glossopharyngeal

sayahtocheck
uvulaposition

normal

Vagus

gagreflex

normal

XI

Accessory

shrugshoulders
whilebeingheld

normal

XII

Hypoglossal

stickoutandretract
tongue

normal

Thisisalabwedidtestingthedifferentcranialfunctionsandreactions.Suchaseyesight,
movementandstabilityofyourshouldersandbalance.

Toxin

Effect

Dendrotoxin

Blockspotassiumchannels,comesfrom
venom

Lara,Kenneth7thPeriod

SyntheticToxin

Destroysthecoveringofthemyelinsheath

Batrachotoxin

Causessodiumchannelstoopenupata
morenegativemembranepotential.

GeneralAnaesthetic

Opensuppotassiumchannels.

Thistableabovefeaturesdifferenttoxinsandthenittellsabouttheeffectsthattheycause.

Thisisapictureofourcatsnervoussystem.Thenervousarelabeled.

Lara,Kenneth7thPeriod

Lara,Kenneth7thPeriod

PictureTakenbyPerlaAriola.Thisisalateralviewofthecatsbrain.Wedissectedand
analyzedthebrain.

Thesepartshandlepiecesofthebrainsoverallworkload,includingstoringand
retrievingmemoryandmakingbodymovementssmooth.Althoughthebrainisthecontrolcenter,
itsjobwouldnotbepossiblewithoutthespinalcord,whichisthemajorconduitforinformation
travelingbetweenbrainandbody.Peripheralsystemnervesbranchfromeitherthebrainstemor
thespinalcord.Eachnerveisconnectedtoaparticularareaofthetorsoorlimbsandis
responsibleforcommunicationtoandfromthoseregions.ThePNScanalsobedividedinto
smallerpieces:thesomaticandautonomicsystems.Thesomaticinvolvespartsofthebodya
personcancommandatwill,andtheautonomichelpsruninvoluntaryfunctionssuchaspumping
blood.Informationconveyedthroughthenervoussystemmovesalongnetworksofcellscalled
neurons.Theseneuronscanonlysendinformationoneway.Thosetransmittingtothebrainare
sensoryneuronsthosethattransmitfromthebrainareknownasmotorneurons.

WorksCited

Pathologyandgeneticsoftumoursofthenervoussystem.CABDirect.(n.d.).
RetrievedMarch10,2015,from
http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20002014959.htmljsessionid=9594AB7951815F
ResultFilters.(n.d.).RetrievedMarch10,2015,from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14229500

Lara,Kenneth7thPeriod

(n.d.).RetrievedMarch10,2015,from
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0896627388901626
Zimmermann,B.(2015,January26).NervousSystem:Facts,Function&Diseases.
RetrievedMarch10,2015,from
http://www.livescience.com/22665nervoussystem.html

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