:

:
:

The Authentic Adam Smith

His Life and Ideas
James Buchan

ISBN 978 977 6263 11 6

) (



+ :
+ :
kalematarabia@kalematarabia.com :
http://www.kalematarabia.com :

/ - . :

,
:
-1
-2 -
-

.
Arabic Language Translation Copyright 2008 by Kalemat Arabia
Copyright 2006 by James Buchan
First American Edition 2006; first published as a Norton paperback
2007.
Originally published in Great Britain under the title Adam Smith
and the Pursuit of Perfect Liberty.
All rights reserved.

: )(
: )(
: )(
: )(
: )(
: )(

9
19
37
57
69
95
123
145
149


] [
/
Kirkcaldy Alan Greenspan

.

Firth of Forth

.

.Gordon Brown



.

. :


.

:


.

Moll Flanders

Daniel Defoe

.
:

Tom Paine
Karl Marx
.
The Wealth of Nations :
.
Glasgow University

.
.
10

.



.
.

.

.


.

.

Heraclitus Democritus
.of Abdera


11

.
R. L. Stevenson
.



.

.

.





.


.

:
The Theory of Moral Sentiments
.!
!

.

12

) ( .



.

.

!


.

)
( .




.

:

.

13

) +(

.

.
.

Thomas Malthus
.


.

.



Henry Home


.


14

.


Dugald Stewart
Edinburgh Royal Society
of Edinburgh / / .

) Thomas Muir
John Millar (

:
.
:

.


.

.

William Smellie

15

.

Alexander Carlyle
John Ramsay of Ochtertyre
Henry Mackenzie Sir Walter

Scott
High Street .

.


Epicurus
.



John Stuart Mill
:

) . :
(.
Principles of Political Economy
Alfred
Marshall .Principles of Economics
16

Walter Bagehot

.



.



.
.

.

.

:
] [ .


.
:
:

. :
. :

17

Romulus

18

Oxford

.


.

.Immanuel Kant



.

.




David Ricardo
) . John
Law of Lauriston
Arkansas(.

.

.
Margaret Douglas
.
Rose Street

Clydesdale Bank.
/

. :

)( )(
) Hugh Blair( William Robertson

) Adam Ferguson(
)(
) James Hutton( Joseph
) Black(
)(.
20

Earl of Loudoun

.


House of Hanover .


.
) James II (

) (
.River Tweed
.

21

.

.

.

.


.


William
Adam ) Robert(

Oswalds of Dunnikier ) James(

.

22

.
.


Edmund Burke Ossian .

.


.


Of
the External Senses



.

.
John Douglas Strathenry



23

Leslie Wood
.




.

Burgh School Hill Street
.

.
Eton
College
)( .
David Millar

.


.


24

River Clyde

.
.

.


Virginia
Maryland .

Voltaire



.

.


.



.

25

Francis Hutcheson
.


Gershom Carmichael .

) (
.


.


.



.



.

.
Lord Shaftesbury
26

.


.

.

.

.

Bernard de Mandeville
)( .

The Grumbling Hive
The
.Fable of the Bees: or, Private Vices, Publick Virtues


.


.


27

.


.



.




Cicero Marcus Aurelius
.

.


.
Carmichael

Huigh de Groot Grotius

Samuel Pufendorf
.

.

.
28

.
.
A Short Introduction to Moral Philosophy
)( System of Moral Philosophy


.

.
:


Robert Simson

29

Robert Dick
.

Balliol
College
.

Broad Street
William Smith
:
.

.

.




.


.
Earl of Shelburne
.

.
30

(
)
.

.


. /

:
. /

Berkeley

.

.



.


.

.

Dr. Johnson .
31

Aristotle Plato Epictetus

.




.Des Cartes

James Hutton
Joseph Black
The History of Astronomy
Essays on Philosophical Subjects
.

Rochefoucauld


.

.


.
32

Ptolemy Copernicus
.


:

William Cullen
)( .



.

.
.




.

33

.
.

:


.

:
.

.

Einstein .




34

. :

.
:

.

Alan Turing Robert Oppenheimer


.

: .


.
.

:
.

35

.



Annandale Rae :
)(
)

.Buccleuch
(.


Charles
Edward Stuart /
.

: .
.



.William Hamilton of Bangour

/

Charlie Holyrood
Prestonpans .
)(

.

Borders
.

.
.

.

.
38

the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh

.

Alexander
Wedderburn

.


.



Aberdeen .


) Thomas Gray(
Discours sur les fondemens de linegalite
parmi les homes Jean-Jaques Rousseau
James MacPherson

.
.

:


39

.



James Boswell.




.

.
Homer Swift


.


)
Lord Monboddo

:
40

( .



. English Dictionary
.
.

.Tacitus


.

.

:
:

:
.

(
)
.
][ )

41

(
.


:
.

.



.

.
:


.



.


42

. .

.

.
Bordeaux Charles de Scondat
De lEsprit des Lois

) (

.



.



Historical Law Tracts
John Dalrymple
Essay towards a General
) History of Feudal Property in Great Britain(
John Millar Origin of the Distinction
) of Ranks( .

)(
43

.
:

.Topiary

.
.
:


.

.

][ .

:

.
44

.
.

.

.

.
Treatise of Human Nature

.


Ninewells Berwickshire

.

.
/

:

] [ .

.
45

Thomas Craigie

.
/
/
.

] [
.


Argyll

. /
Essays, Moral
and Political
.

.

Janet
Jean Douglas
.
46

W. R. Scott



.


.

.

) (


.James Watt
Greenock


Robert Dick


Thomas
Newcomen

:
.

47

.

Robert Foulis

:


.




.

.

Ship Bank Arms
Thistle
:

.

John Cochrane
48

.
.
Benjamin Franklin
.




.
:





John Ramsay
:Ochtertyre
.

.

.

.
49

.

.
.
:
)
(

.

:
.






50

.


.

.


:

:

.

.
.

.
:


.
51

.

.




.



. Select Society

.

/

:

52

)(

.

- .
-

.Edinburgh Review

.
/



.
/

EncyclopdieDenisDiderot
Jean le Rond dAlembert
L. J. Levesque de Pouilly
Thorie des sentiments agrable


.

.



53

.
.

.

.
)(



. :

.

.

54

.
.

.

:

.


.

.
Select Society


.

.

55

) .

( .
:






/

:





.

56