1.

- Show the following matrix identities:

a) For an arbitrary (not square) matrix A, the matrices A TA and AAT are
symmetric.
Tomando en cuenta la simetra denotamos:
T

A=aij ; A =a ji ; i= j
Por lo tanto
T

A A=a ji aij ij
A T A=a ji aij (1 ) con i= j
T

A A=aij

Ahora:
T

AA =aij a ji ij
A T A=a ji aij (1 ) con i= j
T

A A=aij

b) For an arbitrary (not square) matrix B and a symmetric matrix A, (B TAB)T =

BTAB
Denotando:

A=aij ; B=b jk ; BT =b kj
T

( BT AB ) =BT AB
T

( BT AB ) =( BT ) ( AB )T =BT AB
( BT AB ) =( BT ) ( AB )T =B B T =BT AB
Por simetra de la matrz A
T

B B A =B AB

Entonces:

b j k b k j aij =b kj aij b jk
b jk b kj aij ij =bkj a ij ij b jk
b jk b kj=b kj b jk
b jk b kj=b jk b kj

c) For square matrices A and B such that (AB) -1 exists, (AB)-1 = B-1A-1
Denotando:

A=aij ; B=bkl
(aij bkl )1 ; ( aij )1 ( b kl )1
1
1
1
=
aij b kl aij bkl
1
1
=
aij b kl aij b kl

2.- Show if a square matrices G has an inverse, the inverse and generalized
inverse are identical
Entonces:

G ij ( G ij )1
G ij ( G ij )1=I
G ij ( G ij )1=I =( G ij )1 G ij
1 1

( (( G ) )
ij

1
( Gij ) =I ) Gij

(( Gij )1 ) ( Gij )1 Gij=I Gij =Gij

I =I Gij =Gij

I =Gij

(( Gij )1 )

(( Gij )1 )

(( Gij )1 )

Gij =Gij

=Gij