3AJAQAK-KPEMI11iI1

KACHOAHTI1QKI1 APXEOMETAJIYPIIIKI1 KOMIIJIEKC

Muoqpa: TOMOBH1i, ApXeOJlO/.UKU UllCiiluiilyiil, Eeotpaq
Bepa EOrOCABJbEBH1i-llETPOBH1i, Hapoqnu lt1Y3ej, Kpaseeo

TOKOM pexorttocunpaaa 06aBJbeHOr 1989. ronnae HMalber acrpaxaaaaa npenyseror

1991. rOAHHe,1 o6HMHHja coaaaxaa acrpaxaaaaa aaJIOKaJ1HTeTY cy sanoxera TeK 1995. rOAHHe. 2
Y MeljyBpeMeHy/ o6jaBJbeHH cy H pe3yJITaTH aHaJ1H3e npBHX Y30paKa srype ca TpOCKHllITa H H3
nehn (pa,llHO-AH<ppaKUHjcKa HMHKpOCKonCKa acrurraaaa,a H xexajcxe aHaJ1H3e).4
Osoronaunsa acxonaaaisa 6HJIa cy CKOHueHTpHcaHa aa npocrop rneje 1991. rOMHe
OqHllIneH npodian y AY)l(HHH 8 M, KOjH je aacrao npoceuaaex JIOKaJ1HOr nyra KpeMHnH Knyne
(CeKTOp I). TOM npHJIHKOM, y OBOM npO<pHJIY (BHcHHe OKO 1.70 M) peracrposaao je nocrojaae
HajMalbe ABa o6jeKTa, KyJITYpHH CJIojeBH callIJbaKOM, KOMa,llHMa yrrsenncanor npsera, sanesese
3eMJIje, rapa H KepaMHqKHM MaTepHjaJIOM. l 360r rora je TOKOM oaoronaunsax paaoaa HacTaBJbeHO aeroao nane qHllInelbe sa HOBHX 7.50 M, HrOM npHJIHKOM je y npO<pHJIY KOHCTaTOBaHO
nocrojaae jour jenaor, rpeher o6jeKra, KojH je raxohe npeceses npo6HjalbeM JIOKaJ1HOr nyra
(npaxrasaoce HaJ1a3e yje.u.HOM HH3Y, KOjH onceaepa xajyry nparn nan repeaa). Crpararpaeaja,
cacras KyJITYpHHX cnojesa HOCTaUH npeceseaax ofijexara y npodmny .u.Y)l(HHe 15.50 Mjacso cy
YKa3aJ1H naje pes 0 npocropy KOjH je xopauihen sa nonpexaae, cxnanaurreae Hnpanpexy pyne

sa npouec ronneaa.
I
,n. EOrOCaBJbeBHfl, M. TOMOBHfl, KaCHOaHiuu'lKU pyqapcKO-.MeiliiJJ1ypwKU ouuse: na sauaqno
KOuaOHUKy, rJIaCHHK CA,n 9, Beorpan 1993, 236, ca Han; 5; B. Borocaaneenh-Ilerposah, Apxeoueaiasypuo KOMiL7eKCU uaKOuaOHUKy, rJIaCHHK CA,n 10, Beorpan 1995,58-71.
~ Haxo Malber o6HMa (on 28. jyna 1I0 5. asrycra), OHa 6H rpefiano lIa npencrannajy noserax
aauteronaunser npojexra acrpaxaaaaa oaornrasajaorapxeoxeranypnnor KOMnJIeKca. Crpysay enmy casaaaaana
cy: .up M. TOMOBHfl (ApXeOJIOIIIKH HHCTHT}'T y Beorpany), PYKOBOllHJIau panoaa, Mp B. Borocaaneaah-Ilerposah HT.
MHXaHJIOBHfl (Haponmr MYJej, Kpaneso). <I>HHaHcHjcKa cpeacrsa aaacrpaxaaaise o6C36e.uHJIa je CO Panna.
J ,n. Eorocaanesah-Ilerpoaah, rJIaCHHK CA,n 9, 236-240; B. EOrOCaBJbCBHfl-neTpoBHfl, M. TOMOBHfl,
3aja'laK na scuaquo KouaoHuKy- KaCHOaHillu'lKU pyqapcKo-Meilla7yplUKu uetuuap, ApxeoxeranyprajaArchaeometallurgy 2,Beorpan 1996, 1-4.
, ,n. Crojanosah, MUHepa7HU caciua ctuapux uuaxa ca Kouaouuua, rJIaCHHK CA,n 10, Beorpan 1995, 72-

78.
B. Borocaaaeaah-Ilerposah, M. TOMOBHfl, rJIaCHHK CA,n 9, 238, nJIaH 1.

107

CA,lJ, 12

rJIACHHK

ApXEOJIOlliKA HCKOITABAlhA H PEKOrHOCI..\HPAlhA

Ha cesepnoa xpajy npodmna A'-E'6 OTBOpeHa je coana 2, ,llHMeH3Hja 8 x 5 M, YKOjOj

je, no HHBoa zo sora ce ,llOllIJIO (CJI. 2), perncrpoaano nocrojaue OCTaTaKa 4 nehn. HaIJHH rpanlbe CBe,llOIJH 0 nocrojaisynaa rnna nehn, KOjH cy MOrJIH HMaTH pa3JIHIJHTe <pyHKUHje y npouecy
ronneaa pyne. Ilpsn THn penpesenryjy CaIJyBaHH OCTaUH neha 1, IJHja je HCTOIJHa nOJIOBHHa
OIJyBaHa in situ, ,llOK je sananna ynnurrena (CJIJ). KOHCTpyHcaHa je xao nOJIyKpy)l<HH (O,llHOCHO,
spyxan) 3H,ll on penosa npnrecanor KaMeHa y TeXHHUH cyxosnna, ca najaehoa OIJyBaHoM BHCHHOM on 1.15 M. Iberosaynyrpaunsa crpanaje C<pePHIJHO 06JIHKOBaHa ,lleJIHMHIJHHM ncnyurrauex
penosa. Cnonaunsa crpasaje ojasaaa npHCJIOlbeHHM KaMeHOM sehnx ,llHMeH3Hja, 6e3 nexor npeUH3HHjer cnaraisa. .AHO nehn IJHHH saneueaa 3eMJba-3,llpaBHua, ca HepaBHHHaMa y <pOPMH
nJIHnHX HJIH ,lly6JbHX y,lly6Jbelba. OIJHrJIe,llHO je na cy ce OCTaJIH npnxapnn KOHCrpyKTHBHH eneMeHTH, O,llHOCHO ,lleJIOBH xoje je je,llHa OBaKBa neh MOpaJIa HMaTH, HaJIa3HJIH y YHHlllTeHOM neny
06jeKTa (xao lllTO cy nnp. OTBOpH sa noxeae, BeHTHJIaUHjy, HJIH npaxneae). C jyxae crpane
nehn 1, YOKBHpy III KyJITYpHor cnoja, oTKpHBeHa je jour jenaa, no csexy cyneha H,lleHTHqHa neh
(neh 2). Haxo lbeHO ncxonaaane HHje saspureao, oTKpHBeHH npaa pen xaxena CaIJyBaHe OCHOBe
3H,lla nehn (H xon ae je np06HjalbeM nyra yuanrrena npyra, sananna nOJIOBHHa) yKa3yje na HCTH
06JIHK, HaIJHH snaaaa Hseposarno HCTY <pyHKUHjy. Ty CJIHIJHOCT noxasyje Hnonarax na cy 6HJIe
HrOTOBO HCTHX ,llHMeH3Hja: npH6JIH)I(HH npeIJHHK nehn 1 H3HOCH sajxaac 3.50 M, a neha 2 HajMalbe 3.20 M(CJI. 4). Y3 HCTOIJHH npodmn coane ,lleJIHMHIJHO cy oTKpHBeHe OCHOBe ,llBa 06jeKTa, y
cnojy TaMHo-MpKe sexne ca neIJeHOM 3eMJbOM, rapou Hsrypox. 06jeKaT 1 IJHHH npasoyraoaa
KOHCTpyKUHja, ,llHMeH3Hja 1.80 x 1.40 M, ca ,lleJIOM xpyxaor cpenaurra on HHTeH3HBHe rapa,
aanesene 3eMJbe Hna)l(JbHBO CJIaraHOr xaxeaa MaJIHX ,llHMeH3Hja, na KojHMa cyBH,llJbHBH rparosu
yrauaja ropersa HBHCOKHX reuneparypa. OKO OBe noapurane npyxa ce Kpy)l(HH npcren oajennor
peaa JIOMJbeHOr xaxeaa BenHX ,llHMeH3Hja HTparOBHMa rpnrsena BHCOKHX resmeparypa. 11 na
xpajy, cnonaunsa crpana 06jeKTa je ojauaaa KaMeHOM (,llOMHHHpajy BeJIHKH KOMa,llH), 6e3
npasanuajer cnaraisa. Ca aeroae jyxne crpane perHCTpOBaHO je mecr cnojeaa rapexa ca
KOMa,llHMa tursaxe; HecyMlbHBO je ,lla ce pana 0 CJIojeBHMa KOjH cy HaCTaJIH npHJIHKOM npaaosersa
neha. 3a KOHaIJHy mrrepnperaunjy Ba)l(HO je H6y,llyne orxpaaaae 06jeKTa 2 KOjH ce HaJIa3H cesepao on 06jeKTa 1 H HajBenHM ,lleJIOM 3aJIa3H non HCTOIJHH npooan coane. OTKpHBeH je
cnon-aunsa neo KOHCTpyKUHje, ,llHMeH3Hja 1.50 x -0.50 M, ca nO,llHHUOM on xaaer KaMeHa, pacrrannyro py,llOM, llIJbaKOM Hrapox. Cnoxenyre KapaKTepHCTHKe cnoja H06jeKara 1 H 2 HH,llHuapajy na ce aajaepoaaraaje pana 0 OCTaUHMa neha sa ronneae pyne (H3Mel)y OCTaJIOr, y
OKBHpy conne HaJIa3H tnrsase ,llOMHHHpajy ynpaso aanpocropy ofijexara Hy lbHXOBOM aenocpenHOM ospyxeay).
Kana cy rreh 1 H 2 y naratsy, ,lle<pHHHcalbe lbHXOBe <pyHKUHje ocraje orsopeno no
aasptuerxa acrpaxnsaaa y COH,llH 2. Y KOHCTpyKUHjH OIJyBaHHx 3H,llOBa nehn 1 ysecreyje
JIOKaJIHH KaMeH, KOjH MO)l(e H3,llp)KaTH BHCOKe reaneparype (xsapu H rpan-naopara), Y3
ynyrpaunsy crpany sana aacy Hal)eHH eJIeMeHTH H30JIaUHOHOr MaTepHjaJIa xojn 6H oxoryhao
HenpeKHHyTH npouec ronneaa 6e3 nyuarsa KOHCTpyKUHje, xao lllTO HHje H,lleHTH<pHKoBaHo
nonasaue MaTepHjaJIa (ronarersa) KOjH 6H ouoryhnnn HCTH npouec ronneaa pyne non HH)KHM
rexneparypaaa. Hcnyay neha 1 IJHHHJIH cy rap, TaMHoMpKa 3eMJba, rpyaenosa yrna,
yraeaacanor npaera H tnrsaxe. OBO cy OCHOBHe HH,llHKaUHje xoje cy yTHUaJIe na nOCTaBHMO nse
panae XHnOTe3e 0 <pyHKUHjH nehn 1 H 2. Ilpaa ce O,llHOCH Ha MorynHoCT ,lla cy y nHTalbY nenH 3a

108

Ibid., 239.

M. TOMOBHn, B. })OroCABJ1EBHn-nETPOBHn

C:I 1.-H:RJ/eq J/OKlL7Uiliei11u: l-cenuop 1II, ilipocKUlUilie; 2

-cesiuop II, upocmop caocuauus ?pu~e6UHcKUx 06jeKuilia; 3- cenuop I, apocmop ca ue-uuuypuou iienUMa; 4cenuop IV, apocuop cu171pat08U.IttU pyqapcsux paqoea
(cHUMIbeHo caceeepa, caiioqHo:JICja 8pXU Fpauau).
Fig. 1.- The locality: 1 - sector lII, slag deposits; 2 - sectorII, area with the remains ofarchitectural objects; 3 sector I, area with metallurgic furnaces; 4 - sector IV,
area with thetraces ofmining activity (photograph taken
from the north, from the footofthe mountain peak
Gratae).

0/. 3.- H3?Jleq iiehu 1

(cnusueno casauaqa}.
Fig. 3.-Furnace 1
(photograph taken from the north).

3AJMAK-KPEMHnH ...

OCH08U conqe 2 caotaxpueemo: o6jeKI71UAta

(ilo 3U8plUI!l71Ky oeozoquume: ucxouaeana].
Fig. 2.- The base ofthe trench 2 with the discovered
objects
(after the termination ofthis year's excavation).
C:I. 2.-

C"I. 4.- H3?:leq ilenu 1 u 2

(cnuuseno uo 3u6p,uel71KY ucxouaeana).
Fig. 4.- Furnace 2
(photograph taken after the termination ofexcavations)

109

fJIACHHK CA~

12

ApXEOJIOllIKA HCKonABAIM H PEKOrHOCI..{HPAIhA

Cn. 5.- Hseneq tupocxuuuua.

Fig. 5.-Slag deposits.

(',7. 6.- YHa3 y jeqno pyqapcxo OKHO ua

:IOKWtUiileiily Pajce (cesiuop IV), OKO 300)/ jyJICHO oq ces-

mopa I caUenu.Ma.
Fig. 6.- Entrance toa mining shaft at thesite
of Rajse (sector IV), about 300msouth of the sector I
with furnaces.

npaaneise npaeaor yrrsa, ca KojHMa je npouec ronnea,a pYAe raoxha 6HO 3HaTHO eqlHKacHHjH OA
npaeae rpahe.' ~pyra xoryltaocr ce qHHH Malbe peanaoa y OBOM CTa,LJ;HjyMy ncrpaxaaaaa, Aa cy
oTKpHBeHe nehn cJIy)l(HJIe sa xapeae pyne, npouecy KOjH je nperxonno ronnersy.

7 La siderurgie ancienne de l'Est de la France dans son contexte europeen. Archeologie et archeometrie,
Actes duColloque de Besancon (pub. M. Mangin), Paris 1994. V. posebno radC.Dubois, V. Izrad, J.P. Metailie, Forets
charbonnees et archeologie metallurgique enAriege (Pyreneesfrancaises), 311-322.

110

M. TOMOBl1n, B.

BOroCABJbEBl1n-TIETPOBl1n

3AJAtIAK-KpEMl1nl1 ...

TIOCTOjH jour jeJJ.HO mrraae lIHjH OJJ.rOBOp 3aXTeBa nane ucxorraean,e. HaHMe, OKO
oojexra 2 oTKpHBeHa je jenua seha java (xoja 3aJIaJH non HCTOllHH npodmn) HOCTaQH JJ.Ba Malha
xpyxna yxona (0JJ. JJ.pBeHe KOHCTpyKQHje ?) KOjH JJ.enHMHlIHO nernpajy 06jeKaT 2, H crparurpaoCKH ce npe sesyjy sa neha 1H2. Kaxo HnOJJ.HHQa osor 06jeKTa ne)f(H na cnojy neCKOBHTe 3eMJbe,
ncnon xora ce HaJIaJe cnojesa sanescnocra pasmmrror HHTeH3HTeTa, aaxehe ce rrpernocrasxa
JJ.a y OKBHpy COHJJ.e sanpaao nocroje JJ.Ba pasmmrra HHBoa, OJJ.HOCHO XOpH30HTa ca nehaaa,
H3Me1)y KojHX nocrojn H3BeCHa xpononourxa uesypa (aJIH xoja He Mopa 6HTH pesynrar JJ.Y)f(er
npexnna y paJJ.Y H xacaajer 06HaBJbalha paaa oaor xoannexca). 3a caaa 6H 06jeKaT 2 npeaCTaBJbaO Mna1)y <Pa3Y xeranyptusor xoxnnesca y OTKpHBeHOM neny cexropa. Ilocrojaae, sacana
ua repnropajn Iopae Mesnje jeJJ.HHcTBeHe, HMnpeCHBHe BepTHKaJIHe crpararpadiaje npyxa
H3BaHpeJJ.HY xoryhnocr JJ.eTaJbHOr npoyaasaaa TeXHonOWKor npoueca ronrsersa pYJJ.e rsoxha.
TIopeJJ. cnoxenyror nOJJ.aTKa 0 6 cnojesa npaxuersa KOHCTaTOBaHHX nopea 06jeKTa 2,
nasemhexo JJ.a je y npodmny, ca jyxne crpane nehn 1 perucrposaao 12 HaH3MeHHlIHHX cnojesa
rapn, JJ.e6JbHHe OJJ. 1-6 QM.
Orsopena je Hjenaa npofiua COHJJ.a ua npocropy cexropa II, KaKO 6H ce OTKpHnH H
OCTaQH rpa1)eBHHcKHX 06jeKaTa (conaa I, JJ.HMeH3Hja 5 x 3 M). Me1)YTHM, pesynrar je 6HO nerarnBaH.OTKpHBeHa je rmanpopxa OJJ. jenner pena rycro KOHQeHTpHCaHor KaMeHa paJnHlIHTHX
BenHlIHHa, xoja ce npocrape na uenoj nOBpWHHH COHJJ.e. Mana ce no csexy cYJJ.enH npe paJ],H 0
npaponaoj <popMaQHjH Hero 0 rpaheaoj KOHCTpyKIlHjH, He rpefia HCKJbYllHTH MorynHoCT lheHor
xopnurhena y TOKy npoueca pana aa npnnpeua pYJJ.e HlheHOM roruseisy. YTOM CMHcny, HHJJ.HKaTHBaH 6H 6HO nOJJ.aTaK JJ.a je TOKOM npeTXOJJ.Hor COHJJ.Hpalha y 6nH3HHH OBe COHJJ.e, OJJ.HOCHO
nnareopae y npodmny rtyra OTKpHBeH neo nehn aa ronneae pyne.'
Ha cexropy III, KOjH coyxsara TpOCKHWTe, H3BpweHO je np06HO reonourxo COHJJ.Hpalhe,
KaKO 6H ce OKBHpHO YTBpJJ.Hne aeroae rpaanue, JJ.y6HHa Hna Kpajy JJ.06Hna aexa npernocrasneaa KonHlIHHa casysaae TpOCKe (cn.5). Ha OCHOBy ypahesax reonOWKHX COHJJ.H H npodmna,
casyaana OCTaQH TpOCKHWTa JJ.HMeH3Hja 48 x 30 M, 6H canpxana yxynno Macy tun-axe OKO 630
Ky6HHX MeTapa, H Te)f(HHY OJJ. OKO 1.000 TOHa.~ Heaa HHKaKBe cyvae JJ.a je aeroaa npBo6HTHa
Maca 6Hna neynopennao seha, TIOJJ.aIlH xoja ce OJJ.HOce sa nocnemsnx nona aexa TO jacnonoxasyjy (nYT KpeMHnH-JowaHHlIKa 6alha, WHpHHe OKO 5 M, npecexao je TpOCKHWTe no cpeJJ.HHH rOTOBO uenovJJ.Y)f(HHOM; y QeHTpaJIHOM neny TpOCKHWTa nOCTojH nosajaaurre nOBpWHHe OKO 40-TaK
KBaJJ.paTHHX MeTapa ca npopanox npexo 2 M, xoje je nacrano xopmuheaea mrsaxe sa uacanaae
6pOjHHX WyMCKHX nyreaa TOKOM 3HMCKor nepnona), Ilpeva MaKpOCKonCKHM OMHKaMa sanaxa
ce JJ.a y OKBHpy TpOCKHWTa JJ.oMHHHpajy JJ.Ba rnna unsaxe: urynn.asaaa unsaxa xereporeuor cacTaBa H "nnosacra'' uusasa MeTaJIHlIHOr narnena. Y HeJJ.OCTaTKY aHaJIH3a, Moryne je caxo KOHCTaTOBaTH JJ.a cy y naraay npeBaCXOJJ.HO rBO)f(1)eM 60raTe <pajaJIHTCKe unsaxe, KOJJ. KOjHX ce
UaCHO) yosasa npHCYCTBO MameTHTa HnH xexarnra, TparOBH eneaenrapnor rBO)f(1)a H 6aKpa.
HaJIaJH KepaMHKe (ynOMQH rpy6HX nocyna, Me1)y KojHMa JJ.OMHHHpajy nOHIlH ) ce Hnane yxnanajy y H3HeTY OKBHpHy xpouonoursy aarepnperauajy xoja nOKaJIHTeT onpeaersyje y IV BeK.
Mana je acxonasaae y COHJJ.H 2y nosernoj<pa3H, orxpnha JJ.O KOjHX ce nomno Ben caaa nOKaJIHTe-

B. OOrOCaBJbeBHll, M. TOMOBHll, rJlaCHHK CAll 9,237.

Conanpane, CHHMalbe H npopaxya ypanana cy reOJl03H pY,llHHKa "Eena Crena" (Eaneaau na 116py)
llparall KOJlOBHll H Mnnan BeceJlHIIOBHll. Saxsamocr HM ,llyryjeMo Haa MaKpocKoncKy npocnexuajy repeaa.
s

111

rJIACHHK CA,L(

12

ApXEOJIOIliKA HCKOOABAIM H PEKOrHOCl.{HPAlhA

Ty 3ajaqaK 06e36eqyjy saasajaoMeCTO y rtpoysaaaay pHMCKor pynapcrsa HMeTarIyprHje na repHTOpHjH xoja npeBa3HJIa3H rpaaaue Cpfiaje HJyrOCJIaBHje. (}fKpHTH yjennoj MarIoj COH~H naa
pa3JIHQHTa rana neha, HMaTH BepTHKarIHy HXOpH30HTarIHy crparnrpadmjy xoja npnnana jeanoj
enOXH, OQyBaHe nehn ca CJIojeBHMa npaxaeaa, KOjH npyxajy H3BaHpe~He MorynHocTH sa
Pa3JIHQHTe aaanasc Hnonarxe, Y3 QHlheHHUY na aa je~HoM peJIaTHBHO MarIOM HH30JIOBaHOM
npocropy aa Ha~MopcKoj BHCHHH on 1100 M, nocroje HCBM: OCTarIH ~eJIOBH KOjH YJIa3e y cactas
jeaaor pynapcso-aeranypursor KOMnJIeKCa (TpocKHIlITe, OCTaUH pyaapcxnx pa~OBa-CJI. 6 H
rpaheaaacsax oojexara), CBe cy TO eJIeMeHTH KOjH OBy KOHCTaTauHjy aa y6e,lLibHB HaQHH
norsphyjy.
YLlK:904-034(497.11 ):669(091 )(497.11 )"652"

ZAJACAK-KREMICI
LATE CLASSICAL MINING-METALLURGY COMPLEX
The first trial excavations of the late-classical mining- metallurgy complex at the site of
Zajacak were carried out in 1995 and included two sectors - slag deposits and the location ofthe supposed smelting-furnaces (sector I). Inthe trench ofthe dimensions 8 x 5 mthe remains of4 furnaces
were discovered (picture 2), which are devided into two types according to the manner of building
and, probably, tothe function. The furnace atthe pic. 3 illustrates the first type (only the western half
ofthe furnace was preserved insitu, while the eastern one isdestroyed bycutting through ofthe village road). That was probably a furnace ofthe circular base with the floor R- 3.70 m(atleast). Semicircular wall of the furnace was made of the rows of roughly dressed stones in the dry wall technique, with the preserved height of 1.10 m. Besides it there is another furnace built inthe same way
with almost identical dimensions (its radius being at least 3.20m). Inthe profile and inthe same row
another furnace was registered. The other type is illustrated by the furnace of which a part of the
floor was discovered, its dimensions being 1.80 x 1.40 m (the rest extends out under the profile).
This furnace has a circular centre made of paved stones of little dimensions, with soot, burned soil
and dross. Around this area there is a circular ring of broken stone of somewhat larger dimensions
with the traces of exposure to high temperature. The edge of the floor was strengthened by large
pieces of stone. At one of its sides 6 layers of soot and dross were registered, formed on the occasion ofdischarging ofthe furnace. Total of 12 layers ofsoot, 1-6 em thick, was registered atthe south
side ofthe furnace 1.
Whereas it ispossible to assume for the second type of the furnaces to have been smelting-furnaces, the function ofthe first type has sofar been undetermined (maybe these were furnaces
for making hard coal or white-hot heating of ore?). Vertical and horizontal stratigraphy shows two
levels, that ishorizons, inusing ofthis area. Discovered pottery determines both horizons tothe periodwhich mining-metallurgy complex atthis site was also dated to - that is the 4th century.
In the area of slag deposits geologic profile and trenches were made and it was calculated
that the slag deposits, with the dimensions of 50 x 30m, has the total mass of dross of 630 cube
metres and the weight of about 1000 tones. Naturally, the original quantity of slag was incompara-

112

M. TOMOBl1n, B.

I)OroCABlbEBl1n-llETPOBl1n

3AJMAK-KpEMl1nl1 ...

bly larger Gust ina few last decades large quantities ofslag were used for covering roads). Although
the research is atthe very beginning, the obtained results puts the site ofZajacak at a special place
inthe study ofRoman mining and metallurgy (first ofall of iron, asthe primary, and of copper and
perhaps gold, as secondary metals) at a considerably wider territory. It contains at a small area all
elements necessary for the research - slag deposits, furnaces, architectural objects, vertical and horizontal stratigraphy, the remains ofmining activity.
Translated by Dubravka Grebenarovic

113