Thuyet Minh Đô Án

TRNG I HC XY DNG
KHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN
N TT NGHIP
THIT K S B
CHNG I: GII THIU CHUNG
1.iu kin thy vn.
Qua cc s liu thy vn c cung cp ta nhn thy iu kin tnh hnh thy vn ti
khu vc kh n nh.
Cc s liu tnh ton thu vn dng trong thit k :
Mc nc cao nht
Hmax = +9.1.0 m
Mc nc thp nht
Hmin = -4.20 m
Mc nc thng thuyn
Htt = +8.10 m
2.c im a tng.
Dc theo tim cu,ti cc v tr tr d kin khoan thm d 1 l khoan (LK3 ~ HTV),
tnh cht a tng t trn xung c th nh sau:
Lp 1: st.
Lp 2 : Ct ht nh.
Lp 3: Ct pha st.
Lp 4: Dm cui.
Lp 5: dip thch.
I.1.
CC PHNG N KT CU CU.
Phng n 1: Cu chnh dm lin tc BTCT DL 5 nhp + cu dn nhp n
gin bn lp ghp tit din ch I

.S nhp: 2x33+75+3x120+75+2x33 m
-
Cu chnh dm lin tc BTCT DL tit din hp thi cng bng phng php c
hng cn bng, chiu cao dm thay i t 7,0m cho ti 3,0m.
- Cu dn l cu nhp n gin dm I, chiu cao dm l 1,7m.

-
Chiu di ton cu l 642800 mm.
Phng n 2: Cu chnh l cu dy vng 3 nhp + cu dn nhp n gin bn
lp ghp tit din ch I.

NG THANH KHU_9330.55_55TH1
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
S nhp: 33+(144 + 288 + 144)+33 m

-Cu chnh l cu dy vng 2 mt phng dy 2 nhp i xng (144+144), dm cng
BTCT vi chiu cao khng i 2.0m..
-Cu dn l cu nhp n gin dm I, chiu cao dm l 1,7m.
-Chiu di ton cu l 642400 mm.
Phng n 3: Cu chnh l cu Extradosed + cu dn nhp n gin bn lp ghp
tit din ch I.
- S nhp: 33 +(80+3x140+80)+ 33 m
- Cu chnh l cu Extradosed 3 nhp lin tc (90+140+90), tit din hp thi cng bng
phng php c hng cn bng, chiu cao dm thay i t 4,5m cho ti 2,5m.
- Cu dn l cu nhp n gin dm I, chiu cao dm l 1,7m.
- Chiu di ton cu l 646400 mm.
Cc phng n b tr chung cu so snh, thc hin trn bng sau:
PA
Thng
thuyn
Kh cu
SL
Nhp
Nhp
(mm)
chnh
dn
80x10
8.0 +2x0,75
2x33+75+3x120+75+2x33 642800
Lin tc
Dm I
80x10
8.0 +2x0,75
33+(144 + 288 + 144)+33
642400
Dy vng
Dm I
80x10
8.0 +2x0,75
33 +(80+3x140+80)+ 33
646400
Extradosed
Dm I
Sau khi thit k s b cho 3 phng n trn, tin hnh phn tch, so snh cc
hiu qu kinh t x hi, ca tng phng n, la chn phng n thit k k thut.

I.2-u v nhc im ca cc phng n.
Phng n 1.
u im:
+ Kt cu nhp chnh thi cng theo phng php c hng cn bng l phng php thi
cng quen thuc vi cc nh thu trong nc.
+ ng n hi lin tc, xe chy m thun.
+ Vt c nhp tng i ln.
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
+ Cu bng BTCT nn chi ph cho cng tc duy tu bo dng trong giai on khai thc
thp.
Nhc im:
+ Qu trnh thi cng ph thuc nhiu vo iu kin thi tit.
+ S lng tr nhiu nh hng n lu thng dng chy.
+ Kt cu nng n.
Phng n 2.
u im:
+ S tr trn dng ch t do t nh hng n dng chy, thun li cho giao thng.
+ Kt cu c chiu cao kin trc nh, thanh mnh.
+ Kt cu cu v cng ngh thi cng hin i ph hp vi khuynh hng pht trin
ca ngnh cu ng Vit Nam.
+ Hnh dng kin trc p, m quan ph hp vi cnh quan thin nhin.
+ ng n hi lin tc, t khe co gin, xe chy m thun.
+ Vt c nhp ln.
Nhc im:
+ Cng ngh thi cng phc tp i hi c trnh k thut cao, thit b tin tin.
+ Chi ph cho cng tc duy tu bo dng trong giai on khai thc ln.
Phng n 3.
u im:
+ u im ni bt ca cu Extradosed l v mt kt cu. Kch thc dm nh hn
phng n cu lin tc do kt cu nng n hn v s lng dy t hn phng
n cu dy vng nn chi ph cho bo dng cp vng trong giai on khai thc tn
km.
+ Chiu cao thp thp hn phng n cu dy vng nn thi cng n gin hn.
+ S tr trn dng ch t do t nh hng n dng chy, thun li cho giao thng
+ Hnh dng kin trc p, m quan ph hp vi cnh quan thin nhin.
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
+ ng n hi lin tc, xe chy m thun.

Nhc im:
+ Cng ngh thi cng phc tp i hi c trnh k thut cao, thit b tin tin.
CHNG II: PHNG N CU LIN TC

II.1. GII THIU PHNG N.
S nhp : (33x2 + 75 + 3x120 + 75 + 33x2) m
Kh cu : 8 + 2 x 0.75 m.
Trc dc cu: Mt phn cu nm trn ng cong trn c R = 6000m,
Kt cu phn trn:
-
Cu chnh dm lin tc 5 nhp (75 +3x120 + 75). Dm lin tc tit din hp.
Chiu cao dm trn tr l H = 7.0 m, gia nhp l h = 3.0 m, phn dm c chiu cao
khng i l h = 3.0 m.
Kt cu phn di:
M: Hai m i xng, loi m BTCT ch U, BTCT tng thng, t trn
mng cc khoan nhi ng knh D = 1.5m.

-
Tr:
+ Tr nhp chnh: dng ch c BTCT, t trn mng cc khoan nhi
ng knh D = 1.5m
Kt cu khc:
Khe co gin bng cao su.
Gi cu bng cao su.
Lan can cu bng b tng v thp ng
Lp ph mt cu 9cm:
+ Btng nha ht va 5cm
+ Lp bo v (b tng li thp) 3cm
+ Lp phng nc 1cm.
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
II.2. CHN TIT DIN.
Dm hp phn cu chnh:
-
Trn gi : H = (1/15 1/20)Lnhp
Gia nhp : h = (1/30 1/ 45)Lnhp ; khng nh hn 2m.
Vi Lnhp = 120m, chn H = 7 m, h = 3.0 m.
Phn dm c chiu cao khng i h = 3.0m,
y dm bin thin theo quy lut ng cong c phng trnh l:

Y=
H-h 2
X +h
L2
,m
Vi L l chiu di cnh hng cong, L = 58 m.Vy ta c phng trnh ng
cong bin di y dm hp l:
Y=
-
7.0-3.0 2
X + 3.0
582
,m
Chiu dy bn y ti nhp chnh thay i theo ng parabol t chiu dy ti
gi l 100 cm n chiu dy gia nhp l 30 cm.

Y=
-
100-30 2
X + 30
582
,cm
Chiu dy bn y ti nhp bin thay i theo ng parabol t chiu dy ti
gi l 120 cm n chiu dy gia nhp l 30 cm.

Y=
-
100-30 2
X + 30
302
,cm
Chiu dy sn dm thay l 60cm.
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
A-A
B-B
19300
500
7000
7000
400
i = 2%
1500
3000
400
300
300
300
300
410
400
1500
1500
400
i = 2%
500
1500
7000
90
1500
400
500
700
3200
1700
1000
1200
700
3258
4500
1242
5000
5000
5000
5000
1242
3258
4500
19000
Hnh II.2: Mt ct ngang dm hp c chiu cao thay i nhp chnh.

- Mt cu c dc ngang 2% v dc dc thay i t 0% n 4 % trn ng
cong trn R = 6000m.
Tnh ti phn b ca lp ph mt cu:
glp = 0.05x2.3 + 0.03x2.4 + 0.01x1.5 = 0.202 T/m2
60000 (1/2 Nh?p )

4@4000=16000
2000
hl
5
12
K1
4
K1
3
K1
2
6@3500=21000
K1
1
K1
0
K1
9
K
8
K
7
9
0
5@3000=15000
K
6
1
1
K
5
1
2
K
4
1
3
K
3
1
4
K
2
1
5
K
1
1
6
14000/2=7000
1
7
k0
1 1
8 9
Hnh II.3: Mt ct dc dm hp vi gc ta ti y t hp long.
Tnh chiu cao trong t y dm hp bin ngoi theo ng cong c phng
trnh l:
Y1 = a1X2 + b1
TRNG I HC XY DNG
a1 =
N TT NGHIP
7.0-3.0
= 1.1891 x 10-3 ; b1 = 3.0 m
2
58
Chiu cao phn t hp long v phn t trn tr l khng i. Bng s liu chi tit
xem ti Bng II.1
Bn mt cu ti ch dy 20 cm.
Bng II: Tnh khi lng cnh hng.
ST
T
Tn
t
Chiu
di
t
(m)
Chiu
cao
hp
(m)
X
(m)
Chiu
dy
bn
y
(m)
Chiu
dy
sn
(m)
Chiu
rng
bn y
(m)
Din
tch
mt ct
(m2)
Th tch
V(m3)
Khi
lng
V(tn)
Cnh hng nhp c chiu cao dm thay i

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
K0
K0
K1
K2
K3
K4
K5
K6
K7
K8
K9
K10
K11
K12
K13
K14
K15
0.5H
L
DG
2
5
3
3
3
3
3
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
4
4
4
4
60
58
53
50
47
44
41
38
34.5
31
27.5
24
20.5
17
13
9
5
15
7.00
7.00
6.34
5.97
5.63
5.30
5.00
4.72
4.42
4.14
3.90
3.68
3.50
3.34
3.20
3.10
3.03
1.00
1.00
0.88
0.82
0.76
0.70
0.65
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.46
0.42
0.39
0.36
0.34
0.32
0.31
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
5.50
3.00 0.30
Tng
13.300
13.300
12.335
11.798
11.291
10.817
10.373
9.961
9.520
9.121
8.765
8.452
8.181
7.953
7.744
7.591
7.493
26.600
66.500
37.005
35.393
33.874
32.450
31.120
34.864
33.319
31.924
30.678
29.581
28.633
31.810
30.976
30.363
29.974
63.840
159.600
88.811
84.942
81.298
77.880
74.687
83.673
79.967
76.618
73.627
70.994
68.719
76.345
74.341
72.872
71.937
7.452
7.452
17.884
582.515
1398.037
111.178
268.272
on c trn gio c dnh

3.0
0.300 0.500
5.50
7.452
BngIII:. Khi lng cng tc m:

M
Cao (m)
Vtngcnh
Vthn m
Vi cc
Vm (m3)
(m3)
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
(m3)
(m3)
A1
9.09
10.69
152.28
190.00
352.97
A2
9.09
10.69
152.28
190.00
352.97
Tng cng
705.94
Bng IV: Khi lng cng tc tr:

Tr
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
Cao
(m)
6.34
9.00
12.45
17.32
23.23
16.43
9.00
6.34
Vthn tr
3
(m )
235.01
333.61
461.50
642.02
861.09
609.03
333.61
235.01
Vicc
3
(m )
472.5
472.5
756
756
756
756
472.5
472.5
Tng cng
II.3. CU TO M TR CU.
Vmu tru
3
(m )
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
VTr
(m3)
707.51
806.11
1217.50
1398.02
1617.09
1365.03
806.11
707.51
8624.88
M: Hai m i xng, loi m nng ch U, BTCT tng thng, t trn mng cc

khoan nhi ng knh D = 1.5m.
Bn qu : Hay bn gim ti c tc dng lm tng dn cng nn ng khi vo
cu, to iu kin cho xe chy m thun, gim ti cho m khi hot ti ng trn lng
th ph hoi. Bn qu c t nghing 10%, mt u gi ln vai k, mt u gi
ln dm k bng BTCT, c thi cng lp ghp.
Tr: Tr c, BTCT, t trn mng cc khoan nhi ng knh D = 1.5 m
TRNG I HC XY DNG
4365
500
1890
1000
N TT NGHIP
3540
2000
2100
1600
3000
2750
2500
2100
9090
3000
3000
3500
1500
4500
4500
1500
12000
Hnh 5: Cu to m A1.
II.4. VT LIU.
Kt cu nhp:
-
B tng mc : #500 dng cho kt cu nhp.

#300 dng cho kt cu m , tr, cc khoan nhi.
Thp thng : AI c Ra = 1900 kG/cm2

AII c Ra = 2400 kG/cm2
Es = 2x106 kG/cm2- (5.4.3.2 22 TCN 272 - 01)
Thp cng cao :

Cng chu ko : fpu = 18600 kG/cm2
Gii hn chy
: fpy = 16000 kG/cm2 (= 0.85fpu)
S cng ko : RH1 = 14000 kG/cm2 (= 0.76fpu)

Cng tnh ton : RH = 12800 kG/cm2 (=0.8fpy)
Es = 1.95x106 kG/cm2- (5.4.3.2 22 TCN 272 - 01).
II.5. TNH TON KHI LNG KT CU PHN TRN.
II.5.1. Khi lng phn kt cu nhp.
a. Phn cu chnh.
Ta lp bng tnh xc nh th tch cc khi c hng:
(Xem bng II)
-
Th tch phn dm hp c chiu cao thay i:

Vh thay i = 8 x 582.515 = 4660.12 m3
TRNG I HC XY DNG
-
N TT NGHIP
Th tch on c trn gio c nh:

Vh DG = 2 x 111.178 = 222.36 m3
Th tch bn tng nhp chnh l:

Vnhip chinh = Vh thay i + Vh DG
= 4660.12+222.36= 4882.48 m3
II.5.2. Khi lng cng tc phn kt cu m tr:
a) Khi lng m cu:
-
Tng khi lng cng tc b tng m: Vm = 633.44 (m3)

(Xem bng III)
b) Khi lng tr cu:

-
Tng khi lng cng tc b tng tr: Vtr = 4974.17 ( m3 )

(Xem bng IV)
Khi lng cng tc b tng m tr:

Vtr m = VTr+ VM = 4974.17+ 633.44 = 5680.11 ( m3 )
II.5.3. Khi lng cng tc lan can, g chn v lp ph mt cu:
Lan can:
VLan can = 2x ALan can x Llan can = 2x0.22 x 530 = 233.2 (m3)
G chn+ b bo: VG chn = 2xA G chnxL G chn = 2x0.16 x 530=169.6 (m3)

Tng khi lng cng tc b tng lan can, g chn:
VLan can+g = 232.2+169.6= 401.8 (m3)
Th tch b tng li thp lp bo v (thuc lp ph mt cu):

VLp bo v = 0.03 x A = 0.03 x 17 x 530 = 270.3(m3)
Din tch lp phng nc dy 1cm:

APhng nc = 17 x 530 = 9010 m2
Th tch b tng nha:

VB tng nha = 0.05 x A = 0.05 x 17x530 = 450.5( m3 )
II.6. XC NH SC CHU TI CA CC KHOAN NHI:
II.6.1. Phn tch iu kin a cht:
10
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Cn c vo cc s liu thm d a cht ta nhn thy tnh hnh a cht ca khu vc l

kh n nh .
Dc theo tim cu,ti cc v tr tr d kin khoan thm d 1 l khoan (LK3 ~ HTV),
tnh cht a tng t trn xung c th nh sau:
- Lp 1: st.
- Lp 2 : Ct ht nh.
- Lp 3: ct pha st.
- Lp 4: Dm cui.
- Lp 5: dip thch
Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu

Theo iu [A5.7.4.4] sc chu ti ca cc theo vt
liu lm cc tnh theo cng thc sau: Pr = Pn
Trong :
Pr - sc khng lc dc trc tnh ton c hoc
khng c un (N),
Pn - sc khng lc dc trc danh nh c hoc
khng c un (N),
i vi cu kin c ct ai xon tnh theo cng
thc
Pn = 0.85 x ( 0.85fc x (Ag-Ast) + fyAst )
fc - cng quy nh ca b tng tui 28
ngy, tr khi c quy nh cc tui khc, fc =
300kg/cm2
Ag - din tch nguyn ca mt ct (mm 2),
Ast - din tch ca ct thp thng trong mt
ct(mm2)
Ly Ast = (1,5-3)%Ag
fy - gii hn chy quy nh ca ct thp (MPa):

fy = 3450kg/cm2
- h s sc khng quy nh [A 5.5.4.2]
c = 0,75.
II.6.2.1.
-
Xc nh sc chu ti theo vt liu vi D=1m :
Chn cc khoan nhi bng BTCT ng knh D = 1,0m, khoan xuyn qua cc
lp t khc nhau.
11
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
B tng cc cp 30MPa.
Ct thp chu lc 1628 c cng 345MPa. ai trn 10 a200.
Ct thp chu lc v ct thp cu to cc khoan nhi c b tr nh trong bn v ct

thp cc khoan nhi.
Theo 5.7.4.4 - TCTK : i vi cu kin c ct ai xon th cng chu lc dc trc
tnh ton xc nh theo cng thc:
Pr = .Pn.
Vi Pn = Cng chu lc dc trc danh nh c hoc khng c un tnh theo cng
thc:
Pn = .{m1.m2.fc.(Ag - Ast) + fy.Ast}
= 0.80x{0.85x0.85x fcx(Ag - Ast) + fyxAst}.
Trong :
+ = H s un dc, = 0,80
+m1,m2 : Cc h s iu kin lm vic.
+fc , fy : Cng chu nn nh nht ca btng v cng chy do quy nh ca
thp (MPa).
+Ac,Ast : Din tch tit din nguyn ca mt ct , ca ct thp dc (mm2).
Vi vt liu v kch thc ni trn ta c:
.10002 16 282
.282
Pr = 1x0.80x[0.85x0.85x30x (
]
) + 345x16x
4
4
4
= 16160.103(N).
Hay Pr = 16160 (KN).
II.6.3.1.
Xc nh sc chu ti theo vt liu vi D=1,5m:
1- Chn cc khoan nhi bng BTCT ng knh D = 1,5m, khoan xuyn qua cc
lp t khc nhau.
2- B tng cc cp 30MPa.
3- Ct thp chu lc 2428 c cng 345MPa. ai trn 10 a200.
12
TRNG I HC XY DNG
Pr = 1x0.80x[0.85x0.85x30x (
N TT NGHIP
.28 2
.1500 2 24 28 2
) + 345x24x
]
4
4
4
= 34447.103(N).
Hay Pr = 34447 (KN).
2.3.1.2Sc chu ti ca cc theo t nn:

Theo [A10.7.3.2] sc khng ca cc c tnh theo cng
thc sau:
Qr = Qn = qpQp + qsQs - Qpile (N)
Vi: Qp = qpAp ; Qs = qsAs
Trong :
Qp = Sc khng ca mi cc (N)
Qs = Sc khng ca thn cc (N)
Qpile : trng lng cc.
qp = 0.5 h s sc khng ca mi cc
qs = 0.65 h s sc khng ca thn cc
qp = Sc khng n v ca mi cc (Mpa)
qs = Sc khng n v ca thn cc (Mpa)
Ap = Din tch ca mi cc (mm2)
As = Din tch ca b mt thn cc (mm2)
Xc nh sc khng n v ca mi cc qp (Mpa), v sc
khng mi cc Qp:
Cc ta trn nn theo iu[10.7.3.5]
V cc cc c khoan ngm vo lp dip thch nn c
th b qua sc khng ct mt bn .Tnh nh cc chng .
Trong quy trnh khng cp n cng thc tnh
ton sc khng ca cc khoan trong cng ,do ly cng
thc tnh sc khng n v danh nh ca cc ng trong
:
Sc khng n v danh nh ca mi cc q p ca cc cc
ng n bng MPa c th tnh nh sau:
qp = 3 qu Ksp d
(10.7.3.5-1)
trong :
13
TRNG I HC XY DNG
3
K sp
Sd
D
10 1 300
d 1 0,4
N TT NGHIP
td
Sd
(10.7.3.5-1)
HS
3,4
DS
y:
qu = cng nn dc trc trung bnh ca li (MPa) =
10Mpa
d
h s chiu su khng th nguyn (DIM)
Kps =
(DiM)
h s kh nng chu ti khng th nguyn, t Hnh 1
sd
khong cch cc ng nt (mm) =200mm
td
chiu rng cc ng nt (mm)=3mm
chiu rng cc (mm) = 1200mm
Hs =
chiu su chn cc vo trong h tnh =7.35m
Ds =
ng knh ca h (mm)=1300mm
K sp
200
1200
3
10 1 300
200
d 1 0,4
0.135
HS
3.3 3,4
DS
qp = 3 qu Ksp d=3x10x0.135x3.3 = 13.464 Mpa

Sc chu ti ca cc tnh ton l :
QR = x qp xAs
Vi l h s sc khng ca mi cc trong .
0.5 .
As din tch ngang ca mi cc .
QR l sc khng tnh ton ca mi
cc.
QR = 0.5x13.464x103x3.1415x1.22/4=7609KN =760.9
T
T cc kt qu tnh trn chn sc chu ti ca cc l:
[N] = Min (Pr, Qr) = 760.9 T
14
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
[N] = Min (Pr, Qr) = 760.9 T

II.7. XC NH S LNG CC M A1.
Ti trng thng xuyn (DC , DW): Gm trng lng bn thn m v trng lng kt
cu nhp:
- Trng lng bn thn m:
PM = 2.4xVM = 2.4 x 352.97 = 847.128 T
- Trng lng kt cu nhp ( H dm mt cu, kt cu bn mt cu, lp ph, lan
can, g chn):
Trng lng h dm mt cu:
gdm = 76.56 T/m
Trng lng bn mt cu:
gbn= 0.2x19x2.5= 9.12 T/m
Trng lng lp ph:
glp ph = ( 0.05x2.25 + 0.03x2.4 + 0.01x1.5 ) x 17 = 3.392 T/m
Trng lng lan can, gii phn cch, b bo:
glan can = (2 x 0.22+2x0.16+0.25) x 2.4 = 2.424 T/m
- V ng nh hng p lc gi ti m M0
33000
145KN 145KN
4.3
4.3
35KN
9.3KN/m
0.87
0.899
33000
110KN
110KN
1.2
9.3KN/m
0.985
Din tch ng nh hng p lc m: w = 16.5
15
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
DC = PM+ (gdm + gbn + glan can ) x w

= 847.128 + (76.56+ 9.12 + 2.424 ) x 16.5
= 2300.84 T
DW = glp ph x w= 3.392 x16.5= 55.97 T
Hot ti:
- Do ti trng HL93 + ngi (LL + PL)
Xe ti thit k v ti trng ln thit k + ngi:
LL = n.m.(1+ IM/100).(Pi .yi )+ n.m.Wln.w
PL = 3.pngi.w
Trong :
+ LL: hot ti xe
+ PL: ti trng ngi i
+ n : S ln xe , n = 4.
+ m : H s ln xe, m = 0.65
+ IM : Lc xung kch, khi tnh m tr c th (1+ IM/100) = 1.25
+ Pi , yi :Ti trng trc xe, tung ng nh hng.
+ w: Din tch ng nh hng.
+ Wln , pngi : Ti trng ln v ti trng ngi, Wln = 0.93T/m , pngi = 0.3
T/m
LL(Xe tii)= 4x0.65x1.25x(1x14.5 + 0.95x14.5 + 0.899x3.5 ) + 4x0.65x0.93x42.5
= 296.92( T )
PL
= 3 x 0.3 x 42.5 = 38.25T

Xe 2 trc thit k v ti trng ln thit k + ngi:
LL(Xe 2 trc)
= 4 x 0.65 x 1.25 x ( 1 x 11 + 0.985 x 11 ) + 4x0.65 x 0.93 x 42.5

= 173.73 ( T )
Vy: LL
= max(LL(Xe tii) , LL(Xe 2 trc) ) = 123.83 ( T )
16
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
T hp ti trng m A1 PA1:
Ni
lc
P(T)
Nguyn nhn
DC
(gD = 1.25)
DW
(gW = 1.5)
4591.5
Trng thi gii hn
LL
(gLL = 1.75)
PL
(gPL= 1.75)
144.16
296.92
38.25
Py i = 6542.16 ( T )
cng I
(T)
6542.16
Ti m A1 ta dng loi cc 1.5m, L=70m. a cht tnh ton l a cht ti l khoan

LK3
Vy s cc dng ti m A1 l:
nc =
= 13.33 (cc). Chn 15 cc
II.8. XC NH S LNG CC TR P3.

Ti trng thng xuyn (DC , DW): gm trng lng bn thn tr v trng lng kt
cu nhp:
I.1.
Trng lng bn thn tr:

Ptr = 2.4 x Vtr = 2.4 x 1268.66= 3044.784( T )
I.2.
Trng lng kt cu nhp(H dm mt cu, kt cu bn mt cu, lp ph,
lan can, g chn):

Trng lng lp ph:
glp ph = ( 0.05x2.25 + 0.03x2.4 + 0.01x1.5 ) x 17 = 3.392 T/m
glan can = (2 x 0.22+2x0.16+0.25) x 2.4 = 2.424 T/m
gdm lin tc = 18.463x 2.4 = 44.311 T/m
I.3.
V ng nh hng p lc gi:
120000
120000
17
TRNG I HC XY DNG
I.4.
N TT NGHIP
Din tch ng nh hng p lc tr: w = 120m2

DC= PTr + (g dm lintc + glancan)xw
= 3044.784 + (44.311 + 2.424) x 120
= 8652.98( T )
DW = glp ph x w = 3.392 x 120= 407.04( T )
Hot ti:
Do ti trng HL93 + ngi (LL + PL)
I.5.

120000
120000
9.3
0.964
LL = n.m.(1+
4300
145
145
35
4300
1 0.964
IM
).(Pi .yi )+ n.m.Wln.w
100
PL = 3.pngi.w
Trong :
+ n : S ln xe , n = 4.
+ m : H s ln xe, m = 0.65
+ IM : Lc xung kch (lc ng ) ca xe, khi tnh m tr c th (1+IM/100)
= 1..25
+ Pi , yi :Ti trng trc xe, tung ng nh hng.
+ w: Din tch ng nh hng.
+ Wln , pngi : Ti trng ln v ti trng ngi, W ln = 0.93T/m , pngi = 0.30
T/m
LL(Xe ti)= 4x0.65x1.25 x (1x14.5 + 0.964x14.5+ 0.964x3.5) +4x0,65x1.25x0.93x120
= 466.219 (T )
PL = 3 x 0.30 x 120
18
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
= 108( T )
I.6.
110
110
1200
9.3
1 0.99
LL(Xe 2 trc)= 4 x 0.65 x 1.25 x (1 x 11 + 0.99 x 11) + 4 x 0.65x1.25 x 0.93 x 120

= 433.84(T)
I.7.
90% 2 xe ti thit k v ti trng ln thit k + ngi:

120000
120000
0.964
LL(2Xe ti)
1 0.964
145
145
35
9.3
0.839
0.803
0.768
145
145
35
15000
=0.9[4x0.65x1.25x(1x14.5+0.964x14.5+0.964x3.5+0.839x14.5+
0.803x14.5+ 0.768x3.5) + 4x0,65x1.25x0.93x120]

= 497.10 (T )
Vy: LL= max (LL(Xe tii) , LL(Xe 2 trc) ,LL2xe ti) = 497.10( T )
T hp ti trng tr P3 PA1:
Ni lc
Nguyn nhn
DC
(gD = 1.25)
DW
(gW = 1.5)
8652.98
407.04
P(T)
LL
(gLL = 1.75)
Trng thi gii hn

PL
(gPL= 1.75)
497.10
108.00
Py i = 12485.7 ( T ).
cng I
12485.7
Ti tr P3 ta dng loi cc 1.5m, L = 80m. a cht tnh ton l a cht ti l khoan

LK3~HTV.
Vy s cc dng ti m P3 l:
19
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
nc =
= 19.303 (cc). Chn 20 cc
Tr
P1
P2
P3
P4
S cc
20
20
20
20
D (m)
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
Chiu di (m)
80
80
80
80
M
M A1
M A2
S cc
15
15
D (m)
1.5
1.5
Chiu di (m)
70
70
TNH TON GI THNH V TNG MC U T PHNG N 1
TT
A
AI
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
Hng mc
Tng mc u t
GI TR D TON
XY LP
Gi tr d ton xy lp
chnh
KT CU PHN TRN
Btng nhp lin tc
B tng c trn gio
Ct thp thng dm lin
tc(0.21T/m3)
Ct thp UST dm lin
tc(0.05T/m3)
Ct thp thng dm
dn(0.17T/m3)
Ct thp g chn lan can
Khi
n gi
lng
()
(A+B+C)
AI+AII
I+II
m3
m3
T
T
T
T
Thnh tin ()
159,581,036,400
124,045,380,200
119,274,404,000
87,569,156,000
7550.358
1482.624
1585.6
400.5
211.65
54
6,000,000
6,000,000
12,000,000
18,000,000
12,000,000
6,500,000
45,302,148,000
8,092,656,000
19,027,200,000
7,209,000,000
2,539,800,000
351,000,000
20
TRNG I HC XY DNG
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
II
1
3
4
5
AII
B
C
(0.1T/m3)
B tng g chn lan can
B tng atphan
Gi cu ( loi ln)
Gi cu ( loi nh)
Khe co dn 10cm
Khe co dn 5cm
Lp phng nc
in chiu sng
KT CU PHN DI
Cc khoan nhi D=1.5 m
Ct thp m , tr (0.15
N TT NGHIP
m3
m3
ci
ci
m
m
m2
Ct
T/m3)
B tng tr
Cng trnh ph tr
Ga tr xy lp khc
CHI PH KHC
Chi ph khc
D PHNG, TRT GI
537.92
452.71
69
14
80
30
9054.2
36
800,000
1,300,000
13,000,000
8,000,000
8,000,000
2,500,000
120,000
8,500,000
430,336,000
588,536,000
897,000,000
1,024,000,000
640,000,000
75,000,000
1,086,480,000
306,000,000
31,705,248,000
m
T
m3
%
%
560
887.304
5209,42
11963.4
AI
3,500,000
7,000,000
1,300,000
7%
4%
1,960,000,000
6,211,128,000
6,781,700,000
15,552,420,000
4,770,976,160
8,938,816,801
%
%
A
A+B
6%
20%
7,442,722,810
26,596,839,390
CHNG III: PHNG N CU DY VNG

III.1.PHNG N THIT K.
Ta nhn thy tuyn i qua sng rng c thng thuyn, kh thng thuyn cp I
(10x80m). ng thi do iu kin a hnh lng sng ti lch ch kh su. Trn c s
kin ngh phng n cu dy vng 3 nhp .
Trc dc cu:mt phn cu nm trn ng cong trn c R = 10000m,
III.2 KCH THC C BN.
III.2.1. Kt cu nhp chnh.
S cu dy vng : 131+262+131 m
III.2.1.1. Chiu di khoang :
21
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Chiu di khoang dm nh hng ti:

+
+
+
+
Tr s m men un cc b ca dm ch trong phm vi khoang

Ni lc, ln ca dy vng v h neo c
Cng ngh thi cng dm v dy.
an ton ca cng trnh khi dy c s c v to thun li khi sa
cha ,thay dy
Hin nay cu dy vng thng c thi cng theo cng ngh hng, khoang dm ngn
c nhiu thun li.Cn c vo cc iu kin trn chn chiu di khoang nh sau:
Nhp gm 72 khoang trong :
+ 4 khoang p tr thp mi khoang di 12m
+ 68 khoang cn li u nhau mi khoang 7m
III.2.1.2. S lng dy v tit din dy.

Theo s lng khoang v chiu di khoang chn th s lng dy nhp gia l 68
dy.
Hin nay cc b cp cng cao trong cu dy vng thng c t hp t cc tao
cp n v cc tao cp n d vn chuyn, lp t v thch hp vi cc h thng neo.
Do s dng cc tao cp n loi 15.2mm gm 7 si thp f5.
u
Cng gii hn ca cp lm dy vng f =1860 Mpa

2
Din tch tit din ngang danh nh A=1.44 cm

Trng lng trn 1m di g=1.099 kg/m
Thit k mt ct ngang dm chnh:
22
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Dm cng ng vai tr c bit quan trng trong cu dy vng, nh hng n kh

nng chu ti trng, cng, n nh, cng ngh thi cng v gi thnh cng trnh.
Do dm cng ch yu chu nn nn dng BTCT. V vy quyt nh chn mt ct ngang
dm cng l loi dm BTCT gm 2 dm ch tit din hnh thang to vt that
gi,dm cng lin kt vi nhau bng dm ngang v bn mt cu.
Chiu cao dm ch: vi h 3 nhp ,2 mt phng dy:
h
1
1
=
l 100 300
Vi L = 262m , h = 2m h/l=2/262 = 1/131

Chiu cao bn mt cu hb = 25cm.
Chiu cao dm ngang:hdn = 1.5m, dy 30cm, b tr cch nhau 3,5 m ti cc im neo
dy v gia khoang
2860
3460
1200
7950
7000
6200
6800
1260
6200
6800
500
1200
200
2860
3460
20520
Hnh 6.Kch thc mt ct ngang cu dy vng.

III.2.1.3. Thp cu.
Chiu cao thp cu trc tip nh hng n gc nghing ca cc dy vng,gc
nghing ca dy li quyt nh cng v cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ca cu.
III.2.1.4.1.
Chiu cao thp cu:
2460
1500
1450
100
2000
500
500
250
1260
100
1500
1450
400
20820
7950
7000
23
400
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Theo yu cu v vng ca nt dy treo l nhnht:
yi
Si li
2 Si li
E Ai sin i cosE i A 2
i sin
Trong :
i
S ,l
:lc dc v hnh chiu ca dy vng th i ln phng dc cu
E, A : cng chu ko ca dy vng th i

i
a :gc nghing ca dy vng th i

Ta thy yi nh nht khi sin2ai = 1 2ai = 90o ai = 45o
Theo yu cu v chuyn v ca nh thp cu l nh nht:
=
2So H
E A osin2o
Trong :
o
:lc dc trong dy neo
:chiu cao thp cu

o
EA : cng chu ko ca dy neo

0
:gc nghing ca dy neo so vi phng ngang
nh nht khi sin2ao = 1 2ao = 90o ao = 45o

Nh vy khi gc nghing tt nht trn quan im cng ca h:
o
Gc nghing ca dy neo =45
24
TRNG I HC XY DNG
i
N TT NGHIP
Gc nghing ca dy vng =45

Tuy nhin gc nghing ca dy neo ln th thp cu s rt cao, lm tng kch thc v
khi lng vt liu.V mt chu lc thp cu lm vic nh mt thanh chu nn un
,thp cao gy bt li khi chu un dc,lm tng lc nh, c bit cng ngh thi cng
gp nhiu kh khn.Do chiu cao tt nht ca thp cu cn c xc nh xut pht
t tng gi thnh ca thp,dm v dy nh nht m bo bn v cng ca
h.Thc t cho thy gc nghing hp l v chu lc v kinh t ca dy vng nghing
o
nht l 22 26 .T xc nh c chiu cao hp l ca thp cu.

Gc nghing ca cc dy vng cn li c la chn trn c s m bo cng tt
nht ca h v trnh m men un ln trong thp. Do kin ngh dng s dy hnh
r qut l hp l nht, n khc phc c nhc im ca s dy ng quy v song
song.
Gc nghing tt nht ca dy vng thoi nht t 22 0250 s m bo gi thnh chung
ton cu nh nht.
Chn gc nghing ca dy vng xa nht l :min= 230[220250]
III.2.1.4.2.
Tit din thp cu.
S dng thp c dng hnh ch H, din tch ti thiu ca thp c th xc nh theo

cng thc:
25
TRNG I HC XY DNG
At
N TT NGHIP
g p
l
l
2
l1 2 l1 2 Pht 2 l1 g p 2l1 l2 8 Pht l1
2
=
2
4Rt sin
l 1
0.5 Rt sin
2l 1
Trong :
+ At
: Din tch ct thp (thp 2 ct)
:Tnh ti v hot ti tnh ton phn b u tc dng ln mt dn
g,p
dy
l1 , l2 : Chiu di nhp bin v chiu di nhp chnh l1 = 131m, l2 = 262m
Rt
:Cng vt liu lm thp ,b tng Mc M#300 cp R 28= 30
Mpa
:Gc nghing ca chn thp so vi phng ngang, a = 90o
:H s phn phi ngang ca xe thit k i vi AH gi dm ti
thp
Pht
:Ti trng xe thit k, coi gn ng xe l lc tp trung ng ti v
tr thp cu.
Tnh ti:
+ Trng lng bn thn ca h dm mt cu:
g1 g dc d n
Trng lng bn thn dm ch:
g dc F
dc .
bt
Vi Fdc= 9.791m2 , g = 24 KN/m3 g dc 9.79124 = 234.984 KN/m

Trng lng dm ngang:
Dm ngang tit din 30150 cm,chiu di 20.52m b tr cch u nhau: 3.5 m
g1dn= 0.3(1.5 - 0.25)9.3 24 = 97.09 2KN
+ Trng lng dm ngang trn mt mt di cu:
26
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
gdn
= 27.794 KN/m
Vi :
n : s dm ngang,n= 150
L : chiu di nhp cu chnh,L= 524m
Vy trng lng bn thn ca h dm mt cu l:
g1= 234.984 + 27.794= 262.778KN/m
Trng lng lp ph mt cu
glp ph = ( 0.05x225 + 0.03x24 + 0.01x15 ) x 17 = 33.92 kN/m
glan can = (2 x 0.22+4x0.16+0.25) x 24 = 31.92 T/m
Vy tnh ti tnh ton phn b u trn mt dn dy:
1
lp ph
g = 0.5(1.25g +1.5g
lan can
+1.25g
=0.5(1.25262.778+1.533.92 +1.2531.92)= 209.626KN/m
Hot ti:
Xc nh h s phn phi ngang:
27
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
20820
560 700
500
3000
2460
7000
1260
1500
400
i=2%
3000
1500
3000
3.1 KN
3000
500
1500
i=2%
500
1450
1500
7950
7000
250
2000
1260
100
400
1500
7950
100
2460
1700
3.1 KN
3.0 KN
1.13
0.579
0.956
0.485
0.107
1.035
Hnh 7.ng nh hng p lc gi dy vng

H s phn phi ngang ca ti trng ln:
W wln = 0.5(0.956+0.579+0.485+0.107)6 = 6.378
Vy
p = w (m WW+vWbohanh)
=1.75(0.656.3783.1+0.650x3)= 25.903KN/m
Ti trng xe:
H s phn phi ngang ca ti trng xe ti thit k HL93.Xe ti thit k coi l lc tp
trung ng ti thp cu.
28
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
1150
3460
1800
1200
HL-93
1800
HL-93
0.217
HL-93
0.768
0.857
0.989
HL-93
13600
2100
600
1800
0.305
1200
0.438
1800
0.636
600
450
0.085
3460
Hnh 8.ng nh hng p lc gi dm cng ti thp
xe 0.5yi = 0.5(0.989+0.857+0.768+0.636+0.348+0.305+0.217+0.085)
=2.103
Ti trng hot ti tnh ton tc dng ln thp:
Pht = m(I+IM/100)xeP=0.651.75(1+0.25)2.103(1452+35)
= 971.816KN
Vy din tch thp cu ti thiu:
At
g p 2l1 l2
8 Pht l1
4R t sin l1
= 4.23 m2
Chn tit din ca thp cu c dng hnh hp thay i t nh thp n chn thp:
Ta c din tch nh nht ca 1 thp l Amin= 6.438 m2 > 4.23 m2 -> t
29
TRNG I HC XY DNG
Tit din dnh thp
N TT NGHIP
Tit din neo dy
Tit din thn thp
Hnh 9.Tit din chn thp

III.2. TNH TON S B DY VNG.
30
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Trong cu dy vng, dy lm vic nh gi n hi chu ko, ni lc trong dy t tr s

ln nht khi hot ti ng trn ton cu.Vy lc dc trong dy thoi nht gia nhp
di tc dng ca tnh ti v hot ti l ln nht xc nh theo cng thc gn ng:
Smax
xe Pi yi p g d d g
sin g
2 sin g
Trong :
g,p : tnh ti v hot ti tnh ton (ti trng ln) phn b u trn ton cu,
(g+q)/2 tnh cho mt mt phng dy.
g = 0.5(1.25g1+1.5glp ph+1.25glan can)
=0.5(1.25262.778+1.533.92 +1.2531.92)= 209.626KN/m
p = w (m WW+vWbohanh)
=1.75(0.656.3783.1+0.650x3)= 25.903KN/m
Pi :Ti trng trc xe thit k
yi :Tung AH
xe :H s phn phi ngang ca xe thit k
d,dg :Chiu di 2 khoang dm nm k nt dy thoi nht
ag :Gc nghing ca dy vng thoi nht gia nhp
20820
7950
1800
1200
0.805
1260
1500
400
1800
2100
600
0.616
1800
1200
HL-93
0.447
0.333
1800
500
1500
i=2%
HL-93
0.73
2460
7000
i=2%
HL-93
0.918
500
500
1450
600
7950
7000
250
2000
1260
100
400
1500
100
2460
2300
HL-93
0.285
0.145
31
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Hnh 10.ng nh hng gi dy vng- xc nh xe
xe = 0.5(0.918+0.805+0.73+0.616+0.447+0.333+0.258+0.145) = 2.216
Xp xe ln ng nh hng p lc xc nh ni lc trong dy vng thoi nht
+Do xe ti thit k:
4300
4300
145KN
145KN
0.386
35KN
0.386
7000
7000
Hnh 11.ng nh hng p lc gi dy vng-xe ti
Smax
m xe Pi yi p g d d g
sin g
2 sin g
+Do xe hai trc thit k:

1200
110KN
110KN
0.829 1
7000
7000
Hnh 12.ng nh hng p lc gi dy vng-xe hai trc
32
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Vy Smax = 5010.2 KN
Ni lc trong cc dy vng cn li trong phm vi nhp c xc nh theo cng thc:
Si Smax
sin g
sin i
ai: gc nghing ca dy vng th i,
i = 2 34
Ring dy neo lm vic bt li nht khi hot ti ng kn nhp khi ni lc trong dy

neo xc nh theo cng thc:
Trong :
St 1:Ni lc trong dy neo do tnh ti

V cc dy neo b tr i xng qua thp cu nn:
+ Sh1:Ni lc trong dy neo do hot ti:
h
h
Trong : - Si S max
sin g
sin i
Vi : Sh max Smax St max =5010.2 3755.48= 1254.72 KN
Sh i:Ni lc trong dy vng th i do hot ti

a1: gc nghing ca dy neo
33
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Tit din dy vng c xc nh theo cng thc:
Ai
Si
R
Trong :
Si :Ni lc do tnh ti v hot ti trong dy vng th i

R :Cng tnh ton ca vt liu lm dy: R = 0.45Rg (Tnh theo t
hp chnh)
Rg :Cng gii hn ca vt liu lm dy, Rg = 1860 Mpa

R = 0.451860 = 837 Mpa
Tit din cc dy vng c t hp t cc tao cp ng knh 15.2mm c din tch f =

1.44cm2(gm 7 si f5)
F
S tao cp trong tng dy vng l: ni = i
f
Kt qu tnh ton c th hin trong bng

Ch
Gc
Dy
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
()
23
24
24
25
26
27
28
30
32
34
36
39
42
47
52
60
69
Si
(m)
(kN)
134.71 5010.2
127.74 4813.1
120.78 4813.1
113.86 4632.2
106.96 4465.7
100.95 4311.9
93.273 4169.9
86.504 3915.3
79.8
3694.2
73.18 3500.8
66.67 3330.5
60.293 3110.72
54.113 2925.6
48.197 2676.7
42.655 2484.3
37.653 2260.5
33.433 2096.9
Sti
(kN)
Sih
cos i Aiyc
S
cos 1 (m2)
0.00599
0.00575
0.00575
0.00553
0.00534
0.00515
0.00498
0.00468
0.00441
0.00418
0.00398
0.00372
0.00349
0.00319
0.00297
0.00270
0.00251
h
i
S
tao
41.6
39.9
39.9
38.4
37.1
35.8
34.6
32.5
30.7
29.1
27.6
25.8
24.3
22.2
20.6
18.8
17.4
Aithc
42
40
40
39
38
36
35
33
31
30
28
26
25
23
21
19
18
(m2)
0.00605
0.00576
0.00576
0.00562
0.00547
0.00518
0.00504
0.00475
0.00446
0.00432
0.00403
0.00374
0.0036
0.00331
0.00302
0.00274
0.00259
34
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
525.
18
69
32.976
2096.9
1462.1
1
571.
204.43 0.00251
17.4
18
0.00259
19
59
37.224
2283.8
2101.3
9
622.
319.98 0.00273
18.9
19
0.00274
20
52
42.112
2484.3
2511.8
1
681.
416.07 0.00297
20.6
21
0.00302
21
46
47.564
2721.4
2834.1
53
732.
514.32 0.00325
22.6
23
0.00331
22
42
53.583
2925.6
3031.9
67
796.
591.5
0.00349
24.3
25
0.0036
23
38
59.53
3179.7
3214.9
3
854.
681.68
0.0038
26.4
27
0.0039
24
35
65.85
3413.0
3341.9
7
925.
760.6
0.0041
28.3
29
0.0042
25
32
72.3
3694.2
3459.8
1
980.
852.28 0.00441
30.6
31
0.00446
26
30
78.89
3915.3
3533.2
5
922.45 0.00468
1011.
32.5
33
0.00475
27
29
85.574
4037.9
3568.3
2
1079
0.00482
33.5
34
0.0049
28
27
92.12
4312
3635.1
.7
1045.1 0.00515
1118. 1092.0
35.8
36
0.00518
29
26
99.049
4465.7
3666.9
4
1160.
0.00534
37.1
38
0.00547
30
25
105.86
4632.2
3697.5
0
1205
1142.0 0.00553
38.4
39
0.00562
31
24
112.62
4813.0
3727.1
.3
1254
1196.2 0.00575
39.9
40
0.00576
32
23
119.62
5010.2
3755.5
.7
1254.7 0.00599
41.6
42
0.00605
960.8
35
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
1254
33
22
126.67
5010.2
3755.5
.7
1254
1254.7 0.00599
41.6
42
0.00605
34
22
133.47
5010.2
3755.5
.7
1254.7 0.00599
41.6
42
0.00605
III.3. TNH TON KHI LNG.

III.5.1. Tnh ton khi lng phn kt cu nhp.
III.5.1.1. Phn cu chnh.
- Th tch khi c phn dm ch c chiu cao khng i h =2 m
V dm ch= Al = 9.791524 = 5130.48 m3
- Th tch btng dm ngang:
Vdm ngang = nV1dn= 1500.3(1.7-0.25)20.52 = 1338.93 m3
Th tch b tng phn nhp cu chnh:
V btngcu chnh =5130.48 +1338.93 = 6459.41 m3
III.5.2. Khi lng m cu.
Tng khi lng cng tc b tng m: Vm = 633.44 m3
III.5.3. Th tch b tng thp cu.
Th tch thp cu:
Phn nh thp: chiu di 30.2 m ,din tch mt ct ngang trung
bnh :A=7.22m2, th tch:

V= 7.2230.2 = 218.044 m3
Phn thn thp :chiu di 29 m,din tch mt ct ngang trung bnh Ath=
6.92m2, th tch:
Vth= 6.9229 = 200.68 m3
Phn chn thp :chiu di 18 m,din tch mt ct ngang trung bnh A th=
13.89 m2, th tch:

Vch= 13.8918 = 250.02 m3
36
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Phn dm ngang pha trn :chiu di 13.4 m,din tch mt ct ngang trung
bnh Ath= 2.5 m2, th tch:
Vnt=13.42.5 = 33.5 m3
Phn dm ngang pha di :chiu di 23 m,din tch mt ct ngang trung
bnh Ath= 4.5 m2, th tch:

Vnd=234.5 = 103.5 m3
Phn b thp th tch:

Vb= 54818 = 4320 m3
Tng th tch b tng 2 thp:

Vthp = 4(218.044 +200.68 +250.02)+2(33.5 +103.5 +4320) = 13009.22
m3
III.5.4. Tnh khi lng lan can v lp ph mt cu.
Th tch b tng lan can:
VLan can = ALan canLcu= 1.12 524 = 586.88 m3
Din tch lp phng nc:
APhng nc = 20.52 x524 = 10752.48 m2
Din tch b tng nha:
VB tng nha = 17 x524= 8908 (m2)
III.4. TNH S B S LNG CC CA M.

III.6.1. S lng cc m A1.
Ti trng thng xuyn (DC , DW): Gm trng lng bn thn m v trng
lng kt cu nhp:
Trng lng bn thn m:
PM = 2.4xVM = 2.4 x 352.97 = 847.128 T
Trng lng kt cu nhp ( H dm mt cu, kt cu bn mt cu, lp ph, lan
37
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
can, g chn):
gdm = 5130.48x2.4/524 = 23.5 T/m
Trng lng bn mt cu:
gbn= 0.2x20.5x2.5= 10.25 T/m
Trng lng lp ph:
glp ph = ( 0.05x2.25 + 0.03x2.4 + 0.01x1.5 ) x 17 = 3.392 T/m
glan can = (2 x 0.22+2x0.16+0.25) x 2.4 = 2.424 T/m
V ng nh hng p lc gi ti m A1
131000
145KN 145KN 35KN
4.3 4.3
9.3KN/m
0.967
0.934
131000
110KN 110KN
1.2
9.3KN/m
1 0.991

DC= PM+ (gdm + gbn + glan can ) x w
= 847.128 + (23.5+ 10.25 + 2.424 ) x 65.5
= 3216.525T
DW = glp ph x w= 3.392 x65.5= 222.176 T
Hot ti:
38
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP

LL = n.m.(1+IM/100).(Pi .yi )+ n.m.Wln.w
PL = 3.pngi.w
Trong :
LL: hot ti xe
PL: ti trng ngi i
n : S ln xe , n = 4.
m : H s ln xe, m = 0.65
IM : Lc xung kch, khi tnh m tr c th (1+IM/100) = 1.25
Pi , yi :Ti trng trc xe, tung ng nh hng.
w: Din tch ng nh hng.
Wln , pngi : Ti trng ln v ti trng ngi, Wln = 0.93T/m , pngi = 0.3 T/m
LL(Xe
tii)
4x0.65x1.25x(1x14.5
0.976x14.5
0.934x3.5
4x0.65x1.25x0.93x65.5
= 301.717( T )
PL
= 3 x 0.3 x 65.5 = 58.95T

LL(Xe 2 trc)= 4 x 0.65 x 1.25 x ( 1 x 11 + 0.991 x 11 ) + 4x0.65 x 1.25 x 0.93
x 65.5
= 269.152 ( T )
Vy: LL
T hp ta trng tc dng ln m A1 Phng n 2

Vi 4 ln:
Ni lc
Nguyn nhn
Trng thi gii hn

cng I
(T)
39
TRNG I HC XY DNG
P(T)
N TT NGHIP
DC
DW
LL
(gD = 1.25)
(gW = 1.5)
(gLL = 1.75)
3216.525
222.176
269.152
4824.94
Py i = 4824.94 ( T ).
Vi 6 ln: xe 3 trc
LL(Xe
trc)
= 6x0.65x1.25x(1x14.5 + 0.976x14.5 + 0.934x3.5 ) +
6x0.65x1.25x0.93x65.5 = 452.57 T
LL(Xe 2 trc)= 6 x 0.65 x 1.25 x ( 1 x 11 + 0.991 x 11 ) + 6x0.65 x 1.25 x 0.93
x 65.5
= 403.73 ( T )
LL = 452.57 T.
Trng thi gii hn
Nguyn nhn
cng I
(T)
Ni lc
P(T)
DC
DW
LL
PL
(gD = 1.25)
(gW = 1.5)
(gLL = 1.75)
(gll=1.75)
3216.525
222.176
452.57
58.95
5249.08
Py i = 5249.08 T
Xc nh s cc
Ti m A1 ta dng loi cc 1.5 m. L=60m a cht tnh ton l a cht ti l
khoan LK3
nc = 1,5 =1,5.
= 15.05 cc
Chn 15 cc D =1.5m L=60m.

III.6.2. Xc nh s cc thp T1.
40
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Xc nh ti trng tc dng ln thp T1:

Ti trng thng xuyn (DC , DW): gm trng lng bn thn tr v trng
lng kt cu nhp:
I.8.
Trng lng bn thn tr:

Pthp = 2.4 x Vthp = 2.4 x 6504.61= 15611.064( T )
I.9.
Trng lng kt cu nhp(H dm mt cu, kt cu bn mt cu, lp ph,
lan can, g chn):

I.10.
131000
9.3KN/m
262000
35KN 145KN 145KN
4.3
4.3
0.967
I.11.
9.3KN/m
0.983
Din tch ng nh hng p lc tr: w = 196.5
DC = Pthp + (g dm + glancan)xw
= 15611.064+ (23.5 + 2.424) x 196.5
= 20705.13( T )
DW = glp ph x w = 3.392 x 196.5 = 666.528( T )
Hot ti:
I.12.

131000
9.3KN/m
262000
35KN 145KN 145KN
4.3
4.3
0.967
9.3KN/m
0.983
41
TRNG I HC XY DNG
LL = n.m.(1+
N TT NGHIP
IM
100
PL = 3.pngi.w
Trong :
- n : S ln xe , n = 4.
- m : H s ln xe, m = 0.65
- IM : Lc xung kch (lc ng ) ca xe, khi tnh m tr c th
(1+IM/100) = 1.25
- Pi , yi :Ti trng trc xe, tung ng nh hng.
- w: Din tch ng nh hng.
- Wln , pngi : Ti trng ln v ti trng ngi, Wln = 0.93T/m , pngi
= 0.30 T/m
LL(Xe ti)= 4x0.65x1.25 x (1x14.5 + 0.983x14.5+ 0.967x3.5) +
4x0.65x0.93x196.5
= 579.586 (T )
PL = 3 x 0.30 x 196.5
= 176.85( T )
I.13.

131000
262000
9.3KN/m
110KN
110KN
1.2
9.3KN/m
1 0.995
LL(Xe 2 trc)
= 4 x 0.65 x 1.25 x (1 x 11 + 0.995 x 11) + 4x0.65 x 0.93 x
196.5
= 546.46 (T)
I.14.
90% Xe 2 xe ti thit k v ti trng ln thit k + ngi:
42
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
15000
131000
9.3KN/m
35KN 145KN
4.3
0.967
262000
145KN 35KN
4.3
0.877
0.983 0.909
0.926
LL(2Xe ti) = 0.9[4x0.65x1.25x(1x14.5+0.983x14.5+0.967x3.5+0.926x14.5+

0.909 x14.5 +0.877x3.5) + 4x0,65x0.93x196.5]
= 607.34 (T )
Vy: LL
= max (LL(Xe tii) , LL(Xe 2 trc) ,LL2xe ti) = 607.34( T )
T hp ti trng tc dng ln thp T1 phng n 3:

Trng thi
Nguyn nhn
DW
LL
DC
PL
Ni lc
P(T)
(gD =1.25)
(gW = 1.5)
(gLL =1.75)
(gPL=1.75)
20705.13
666.582
607.34
176.85
gii hn
cng I
28253.62
Py i = 28253.62 ( T ).
Ti Thp T1 ta dng loi cc D = 2 m L =70m. a cht tnh ton l a cht ti
l khoan LK3
Vy s cc dng ti thp T1 l:
nc = 1,5
=1,5.
=22.34 (cc). Chn 24 cc
III.5. TNH TON GI THNH V TNG MC U T PHNG N

2.
TT
Hng mc
Khi
lng
n gi ()
Thnh tin ()
43
TRNG I HC XY DNG
A
AI
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
1
2
3
4
5
AII
B
C
Tng mc u t
GI TR D TON XY LP
Gi tr d ton xy lp chnh
KT CU PHN TRN
Btng nhp dy vng
Ct thp thng dm
chnh(0.23T/m3)
Dy vng
( bao gm ph kin i km)
Ct thp g chn lan can (0.1T/m3)
B tng g chn lan can
B tng atphan
Gi cu ( loi ln)
Khe co dn 10cm
Lp phng nc
in chiu sng
KT CU PHN DI
Ct thp m (0.15 T/m3)
B tng tr, thp
Cng trnh ph tr
Ga tr xy lp khc
CHI PH KHC
Chi ph khc
D PHNG, TRT GI
N TT NGHIP
m3
T
T
(A+B+C)
AI+AII
I+II
6459.41
1485.66
6,000,000
12,000,000
25,000,000
172.216.839.400
135.390.597.000
130.183.266.300
79.775.105.200
38.756.460.000
17.827.971.600
T
m3
m3
ci
m
m2
Ct
689
58.688
586.88
890.8
8
40
10752.48
104
6,500,000
800,000
1,300,000
130,000,000
8,000,000
120,000
8,500,000
m
m
T
m3
%
%
1800
3360
105.891
13009.22
I
AI
2,000,000
4,500,000
7,000,000
1,300,000
7%
4%
17,225,000,000
381.472.000
469.504.000
1.580.400.000
1.040.000.000
320,000,000
1.290.297.600
884.000.000
50.408.161.130
3.600.000.000
15.120.000.000
741.237.000
16.911.986.000
14,034,938,138
5.207.330.653
%
%
A
A+B
6%
20%
8.123.435.817
28.702.806.560
44
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
CHNG IV: PHNG N CU EXTRADOSED

IV.1. GII THIU PHNG N.
S nhp : 3x33 + (90 +140+90) + 3x33 m
Kh cu : 4 x 3.5 + 2 x1.5 m.
Trc dc cu: Mt phn cu nm trn ng cong trn c R = 7000m, phn
cn li nm trn ng thng c dc dc id = 2.0 %.
Kt cu phn trn:
-
Cu chnh EXTRADOSE 2 mt phng dy 3 nhp (90 +140 + 90). Dm lin
tc tit din hp. Chiu cao dm trn gi l H = 4.5 m v gia nhp l h=

2.5m.
-
Cu dn dm n gin bn lp ghp tit din ch I mi bn. Chiu cao dm
khng i h = 1.7m, mt ct ngang gm 8 dm I.

Kt cu phn di:
-
M: Hai m i xng, loi m nng ch U, BTCT tng thng, t trn
mng cc khoan nhi ng knh D = 1.5m.
45
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Tr: Tr c, BTCT, t trn mng cc khoan nhi ng knh D = 1.5 m.
Thp: Thp cng BTCT tit din ch nht, t trn h mng cc khoan nhi
ng knh D = 2 m.
Kt cu khc:
-
Khe co gin bng cao su.
Gi cu bng cao su.
Lan can cu bng b tng v thp ng
Lp ph mt cu:
+ Btng nha ht va 5cm
+ Lp bo v (b tng li thp) 3cm
+ Lp phng nc 1cm.
Vt liu:
-
B tng mc : #500 dng cho kt cu nhp, thp.

#300 dng cho kt cu m , tr, cc khoan nhi.
Thp thng : AI c Ra = 1900 kG/cm2

AII c Ra = 2400 kG/cm2
Es = 2x106 kG/cm2- (5.4.3.2 22 TCN 272 - 01)
Thp cng cao :

Cng chu ko : fpu = 18600 kG/cm2
Gii hn chy :
fpy = 16000 kG/cm2 (= 0.85fpu)
S cng ko : RH1 = 14000 kG/cm2 (= 0.76fpu)

Cng tnh ton : RH = 12800 kG/cm2 (=0.8fpy)
Es = 1.95x106 kG/cm2- (5.4.3.2 22 TCN 272 - 05).
IV.2. LA CHN CC THNG S HNH HC C BN.
H dm mt cu:
S dng dm hp BTCTDL, bn mt cu dy 300mm, chiu dy sn dm 600mm.
Neo c t trong neo c b tr hai bn cnh dm.
Chiu cao ca hp ti thp l 4.5m v chiu cao gia nhp l 2.5m.
Tng b rng pha trn ca hp l: 21.3m, chiu rng pha di l 16m.
46
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Ti thp b tr hai li i 1.7x1.0 c vt gc 0.15x0.15m.
21300
800
300
500 1500 4001000
1200 300
1500
250
7000
700
400
200
300
3737
150 1400 150
1000
4500
1500
4287
500
2500
7000
350
250
300
1000 400 1500 500
300
8000
8000
Mt ct ngang dm.
Cu to thp:
Thp cu c dng ch H, tit din dm ti thp cu to nh dm ngang tng n

nh cho hai ct thp(Hnh v).
Thp cu c xy dng trn mt b mng cc. Chiu cao thp cu tnh t nh
b cc l 43.55m. Mi ct thp c tit din khng i 3.0m x 2m t nh n
cao mt cu v thay i t 3.0mx3.25m n 5.0mx3.25m t y dm n
chn ct thp. Do cc dy thoi, gc to bi hai dy i xng nh. Do , s
dng kt cu yn nga, nhm gim thiu chiu cao ct thp.
47
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
I
22500
4500
1000
500 500
500
500
1000
17050
500
1000
12000
500
3000
4250
6@500=3000
800
550
18500
1000 2500 1000
566
1000
500 500
3000
3250
16000
3250
5750
5500
5000
5500
5000
5000
5750
18500
18500
40000
30750
40800
2000
4500
3000
1000 2000
4000
2000
4000
2000
4000
2000
4000
2000
4000
2000 1000
2000
34000
6000
6000
2000
16000
Cu to thp cu.
Mng thp: dng mng cc BTCT, khoan nhi ng knh 2m.
Dy
cp ngoi (Extradosed cables):
S b tr dy theo hnh r qut vi hai mt phng dy thng ng cch nhau

20.5m (bng khong cch tim hai thp). Cc cp dy vng c b tr i xng
qua mt phng thng ng i qua tim dc ca cu. Gc nghing ca dy so vi
phng nm ngang nh nht (dy ngoi cng) l 12 0, v ln nht (dy gn thp
cu nht ca nhp bin) l 180. Ton cu c 56 dy.
48
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
H cp dng cc tao song song ng knh 15.2mm. Cp c m v bc nha

chng g. Cc tao cp c t trong ng bo v. Khong cch gia cc im
neo dy ti mt cu bng chiu di cc t c dm ti v tr neo dy 5.0m
Theo ASTM A416-80: 1 tao ng knh danh nh l 15.2mm c:
tc
Cng gii hn ca cp lm dy vng R = 1860Mpa

2
Din tch tit din ngang danh nh A = 1.44 cm
Trng lng trn 1m di g = 1.099 kg/m
Cc dy vng c cng lun trong qu trnh thi cng ln dy vng cng vi

dm chu ti trng thi cng. ( Xem bng IV.1)
Bng IV.1. Tnh ton s tao cp vng Phng n 3:
Gc
Dy s
()
1
14
2
14
3
14
4
13.5
5
13.5
6
13
7
13
Tng cng
Chiu di
Din tch
dy
cp
(m)
S tao chn
30.914
36.025
41.138
46.252
51.368
56.465
61.578
323.74
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
175
hu hiu
(cm2)
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
Khi lng
(kg)
33.97
39.591
45.211
50.831
56.453
62.055
67.674
355.79
Tng s tao cp ton cu l: 17522= 700 (tao)
49
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Tng chiu di dy ton cu: 323.7422= 1294.96 m

+ Tng khi lng dy : 355.7922= 1423.16 kg
IV.3. TNH TON KHI LNG CNG TC KT CU PHN TRN.
IV.3.1. Khi lng cng tc phn kt cu nhp
IV.3.1.1. Phn cu chnh.
+
Din tch trung bnh mt ct dm chnh on thay i l :

Adm chnh= (16.14+28.24)/2 = 22.29 m2
Th tch dm chnh l:
Vdm chnh = 120x 22.29+200x16.14 = 7132.8 m3
IV.3.1.2. Phn cu dn.
4- Din tch trung bnh ca mt ct ca 1 dm ch I l:
(0.6545x30+1.198x3)/33=0.704 m2.
5- Th tch ca 1 dm ch I l :
Vchu I =33x0.704=23.229 m3
6- Th tch ca ton b phn dm cu dn l:
Vdam dan = 6x8x23.229=1114.99 m3.
7- Th tch bn mt cu dn l:
Vban dan = 19x0.2 x 198 =752.4 m3.
8- Th tch phn nhp dn l:
Vnhip dan = Vdam dan +Vban dan = 1114.99 + 752.4 = 1867.39m3.
Th tch b tng kt cu nhp ton cu

Vkt cu nhp ton cu = Vdm chnh + Vnhp dn = 9000.19 (m3)
IV.3.2. Khi lng m cu.

Bng IV.2. Khi lng m cu phng n 3:
M
Cao (m)
A1
8.027
Vtngcnh
(m3)
10.69
Vthn m
Vi cc
Vm
(m3)
(m3)
(m3)
152.28 153.75 316.72
50
TRNG I HC XY DNG
A2
-
8.027
10.69
Tng cng
N TT NGHIP
152.28 153.75 316.72

633.44
Tng khi lng cng tc b tng m: Vm = 633.44 (m3)
IV.3.3.
Khi lng tr cu.

IV.3.4.
Bng IV.3: Khi lng cng tc tr phng n 3:
Tr
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
Cao
Vthn tr
3
Vicc
3
(m)
(m )
(m )
7.5
89.12 309.83
10.44 124.06 309.83
12.284 145.97 309.83
11.565 137.429 309.83
8.563 101.755 309.83
7.5
89.12 309.83
Tng
Vmu tru
3
(m )
60.06
60.06
60.06
60.06
60.06
60.06
VTr
(m3)
459.01
499.95
515.86
507.319
471.645
459.01
2912.794
Tng khi lng cng tc b tng tr: Vtr = 2912.794 ( m3 )
IV.3.5. Tnh khi lng thp.

2
- Phn trn ca thp c chiu cao l 12 m c tit din trung bnh l 6 m
Vtrn=12x6= 72 m3
-
Phn di thp c chiu cao l 18.5 m c din tch trung bnh l 8.0 m2
Vdi= 18.5x8.0= 148 m3
Th tch phn y i l:
Vi= 5 x34 x16= 2720 m3
Tng th tch thp cu l:

Vthp= 2x2x(72+148 )+2x2720= 6320 m3
Khi lng cng tc b tng m tr:

Vtr m = VTr+ VM = 6320+ 2912.794 + 633.44 = 9938.734 ( m3 )
IV.3.6. Khi lng lan can, g chn, lp ph mt cu.
Lan can:
51
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
VLn can = 2x ALan can x Llan can = 2x0.22 x 518.6 = 228.184 (m3)
Phn cch gia:
Vphn cch = Aphn cch xLphan cch =0.25x518.6= 129.65(m3)
G chn+ b bo:
VG chn = 2xA G chnxL G chn = 2x0.16 x 518.6 = 165.952(m3)
-
Tng khi lng cng tc b tng lan can, g chn:

VLan can+g = 228.184+129.65+165.952 = 523.786(m3)
Th tch b tng li thp lp bo v v (thuc lp ph mt cu):
VLp bo v = 0.03 x A = 0.03 x 17 x 518.6 = 264.486(m3)
Din tch lp phng nc dy 1cm:
APhng nc = 17 x 518.6 = 8816.2 m2
Th tch b tng nha:
VB tng nha = 0.05 x A = 0.05 x 17x518.6 = 440.81( m3 )
IV.4. TNH TON S B S CC.

IV.4.1. Sc chu ti ca nn t.
Do ging nhau v a cht phng n mt nn s liu a cht v sc chu ti
ca nn t v vt liu ly theo tnh ton phng n I
IV.4.2-Tnh s cc m A1.
Ti trng thng xuyn (DC , DW): Gm trng lng bn thn m v trng
lng kt cu nhp:
-Trng lng bn thn m:
PM = 2.4xVM = 2.4 x 352.97 = 847.128 T
-Trng lng kt cu nhp ( H dm mt cu, kt cu bn mt cu, lp ph,
lan can, g chn):
52
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP

gdm = 0.704 x 2.4 x8 = 13.517T/m
Trng lng bn mt cu:
gbn= 0.2x19x2.5= 9.12 T/m
Trng lng lp ph:
glp ph = ( 0.05x2.25 + 0.03x2.4 + 0.01x1.5 ) x 17 = 3.392 T/m
glan can = (2 x 0.22+2x0.16+0.25) x 2.4 = 2.424 T/m
-V ng nh hng p lc gi ti m M0
32.5
145
35
0.735
4.3
0.868
145
4.3
9.3
32.5
110
110
1.2
0.963
9.3

DC = PM+ (gdm + gbn + glan can ) x w
= 847.128 + (13.517+ 9.12 + 2.424 ) x 16.25
= 1254.369 T
DW = glp ph x w= 3.392 x16.25= 55.12 T
53
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Hot ti:
-Do ti trng HL93 + ngi (LL + PL)
LL=n.m(1+IM/100)(Pi.yi)+n.m.Wln.w
PL = 3.pngi.w
Trong :
+
LL: hot ti xe
PL: ti trng ngi i
n : S ln xe , n = 4.
m : H s ln xe, m = 0.65
IM : Lc xung kch, khi tnh m tr c th (1+IM/100)= 1.25
Wln , pngi : Ti trng ln v ti trng ngi, Wln = 0.93T/m , pngi
= 0.3 T/m
LL(Xe tii)= 4x0.65x1.25x(1x14.5 + 0.868x14.5 + 0.735x3.5 ) +
4x0.65x0.93x16.25
= 116.405( T )
PL
= 3 x 0.3 x 16.25 = 14.625T

LL(Xe 2 trc) = 4 x 0.65 x 1.25 x ( 1 x 11 + 0.963 x 11 ) + 4x0.65 x 0.93 x 16.25

= 95.434 ( T )
Vy: LL
T hp ti trng m A1 PA2 vi 4 ln xe chy:

Ni lc
Nguyn nhn
DC
DW
Trng thi gii

LL
54
TRNG I HC XY DNG
(gD = 1.25)
N TT NGHIP
(gW = 1.5)
(gLL = 1.75)
hn
cng I
P(T)
1254.369
55.12
116.405
Py i = 1854.35 ( T )
(T)
1854.35
T hp ti trng m A1 PA2 vi 6 ln xe chy:

LL(Xe tii)= 6x0.65x1.25x(1x14.5 + 0.868x14.5 + 0.735x3.5 ) +
6x0.65x0.93x16.25
= 203.52( T )
LL(Xe 2 trc)
= 6x 0.65 x 1.25 x ( 1 x 11 + 0.963 x 11 ) + 6x0.65 x 0.93 x 16.25

= 115.45 ( T )
Ni lc
Nguyn nhn
DC
(gD = 1.25)
P(T)
1254.369
Trng thi gii
DW
(gW =
LL
(gLL =
PL
(gPL=
1.5)
1.75)
1.75)
55.12
203.52
Py i = 2023.4 ( T )
14.625
hn
cng I
(T)
2023.4
Ti m A1 ta dng loi cc 1m. a cht tnh ton l a cht ti l khoan

LK3
nc = 1,5 =1,5.
=5.61 (cc). Chn 6 cc
Vy dng 6 cc D=1.5 ,L=60m

VI.4.3.Tnh s cc tr P2
Ti trng thng xuyn: (DC , DW) gm:
I.15.
Trng lng bn thn tr:

Ptr = 2.4 x Vtr = 2.4 x 499.95= 1199.88(T)
55
TRNG I HC XY DNG
-
N TT NGHIP
Trng lng kt cu nhp ( h dm mt cu, kt cu bn mt cu, lp
ph, lan can, g chn):

gdm = 0.704 x 2.4 x8 = 13.517T/m
Trng lng kt cu bn mt cu:
gbn= 0.2x19x2.5= 9.12 T/m
Trng lng lp ph:
glp ph = ( 0.05x2.25 + 0.03x2.4 + 0.01x1.5 ) x 17 = 3.392 T/m
glan can = (2 x 0.22+2x0.16+0.25) x 2.4 = 2.424 T/m
-V ng nh hng p lc gi:
32.5
32.5
145
35
0.868
0.868
9.3
4.3
145
4.3
9.3
32.5
32.5
110
110
1.2
9.3
0.963
9.3
-Din tch ng nh hng p lc tr: w = 32.5

DC= PTr+ (gdm + gbn + glan can) x w= 1199.88+ (13.517+ 9.12 + 2.424 ) x 32.5
=2014.36 ( T )
DW= glp ph x w = 3.392 x 32.5 = 110.24 ( T )
Hot ti:
I.16.
56
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
LL = n.m.(1+
IM
100
PL = 3.pngi.w
Trong :
+
n : S ln xe , n = 4.
m : H s ln xe, m = 0.65
IM : H s xung kch ( lc ng ) ca xe, khi tnh m tr c th
1+IM/100= 1.25
+
Wln , pngi : Ti trng ln v ti trng ngi, Wln = 0.93 T/m , pngi
= 0.3 T/m
LL(Xe tii)= 4 x 0.65 x 1.25 x (1 x 14.5 + 0.868 x 14.5 + 0.868 x 3.5) +
4x0.65x 1.25 x 0.93 x 32.5
= 156.907( T )
PL
= 3 x 0.3 x 32.5 = 29.25 ( T )

LL(Xe 2 trc)= 4 x 0.65 x 1.25 x ( 1 x 11 + 0.963 x 11 ) + 4x0.65 x 1.25 x 0.93 x
32.5
= 143.727( T )
Vy: LL = max ( LL(Xe tii) , LL(Xe 2 trc) ) = 156.907 ( T )
T hp ti trng tr P2 PA3:
Ni lc
Trng thi gii
Nguyn nhn
DC
(gD =
DW
(gW =
LL
(gLL = 1.75)
PL
(gPL= 1.75)
hn
cng I
57
TRNG I HC XY DNG
P(T)
1.25)
1.5)
2014.36
110.24
N TT NGHIP
156.907
29.25
3009.08
Py i = 3009.08 ( T ).
Ti tr P2 ta dng loi cc 1.5m. a cht tnh ton l a cht ti l khoan
LK3
Vy s cc dng ti tr P3 l:
nc = 1,5 =1,5.
=8.34 (cc). Chn 10 cc
Vy chn 10 cc D=1,5m L=60m.

IV.4.4 Xc nh s cc thp T1.
Xc nh ti trng tc dng ln thp T1:
Ti trng thng xuyn (DC , DW): gm trng lng bn thn tr v trng
lng kt cu nhp:
I.17.
Trng lng bn thn tr:

Pthp = 2.4 x Vthp = 2.4 x 3160= 7584( T )
I.18.
Trng lng kt cu nhp(H dm mt cu, kt cu bn mt cu, lp
ph, lan can, g chn):

Trng lng lp ph:
glp ph = ( 0.05x2.25 + 0.03x2.4 + 0.01x1.5 ) x 17 = 3.392 T/m
glan can = (2 x 0.22+2x0.16+0.25) x 2.4 = 2.424 T/m
gdm = 22.29x 2.4 = 53.496 T/m
I.19.
58
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
90000
140000
1
I.20.
Din tch ng nh hng p lc tr: w = 115

DC = PTr + (g dm + glancan)xw
= 7584+ (53.496 + 2.424) x 115
= 14014.8( T )
DW = glp ph x w = 3.392 x 115 = 390.08( T )
Hot ti:
I.21.

90000
140000
35KN 145KN 145KN
4.3m
4.3m
9.3KN/m
0.952
0.969
LL = n.m.(1+
IM
100
PL = 3.pngi.w
Trong :
- n : S ln xe , n = 4.
- m : H s ln xe, m = 0.65
- IM : Lc xung kch (lc ng ) ca xe, khi tnh m tr c th
(1+IM/100) = 1.25
59
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
- Pi , yi :Ti trng trc xe, tung ng nh hng.

- w: Din tch ng nh hng.
- Wln , pngi : Ti trng ln v ti trng ngi, Wln = 0.93T/m , pngi
= 0.30 T/m
LL(Xe
ti)
= 4x0.65x1.25 x (1x14.5 + 0.969x14.5+ 0.952x3.5) +
4x0.65x0.93x115
= 381.688 (T )
PL = 3 x 0.30 x 115
= 103.5( T )
I.22.

90000
140000
110KN
110KN
1.2 m
9.3KN/m
LL(Xe 2 trc)
0.991
= 4 x 0.65 x 1.25 x (1 x 11 + 0.991 x 11) + 4x0.65 x 0.93 x
115
= 349.25 (T)
I.23.
90% Xe 2 xe ti thit k v ti trng ln thit k + ngi:

90000
140000
35KN 145KN 145KN
15m
4.3m
4.3m
4.3m
9.3KN/m
0.952
0.969
0.862
0.80
0.831
60
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
LL(2Xe ti) = 0.9[4x0.65x1.25x(1x14.5+0.969x14.5+0.952x3.5+0.862x14.5+

0.831x14.5 +0.800x3.5) + 4x0,65x0.93x115]
= 423.51 (T )
Vy: LL
= max (LL(Xe tii) , LL(Xe 2 trc) ,LL2xe ti) = 423.51 ( T )
T hp ti trng tc dng ln thp T1 phng n 3

Trng thi
Nguyn nhn
DW
LL
DC
PL
gii hn
Ni lc
P(T)
(gD =1.25)
(gW = 1.5)
(gLL =1.75)
(gPL=1.75)
14014.8
390.08
423.51
103.5
cng I
19025.88
Py i = 19025.88 ( T ).
Ti Thp T1 ta dng loi cc 2 m. a cht tnh ton l a cht ti l khoan
LK3
Vy s cc dng ti thp T1 l:
nc =1,5
=1,5
= 15.044 (cc).
Chn 18 cc D=2m L=70m.

IV.5. XC NH GI THNH V TNG MC U T PHNG N
3.
TT
Hng mc
A
AI
I
1
2
3
Tng mc u t
Gi tr d ton xy lp
Gi tr d ton xy lp chnh
Kt cu phn trn
B tng nhp chnh
B tng nhp dn
Ct thp thng dm chnh
Khi
lng
n gi
Thnh tin ()
6,000,000
6,500,000
12,000,000
197,985,583,100
163,354,441,500
157,071,578,400
88,276,973,300
42,796,800,000
12,138,035,000
17,974,656,000
(A+B+C)
AI+AII
I+II
m3
m3
T
7132.8
1867.39
1497.89
61
TRNG I HC XY DNG
4
5
(0.21T/m3)
Ct thp ST + dy vng
(0.05T/m3)
Ct thp thng dm dn
(0.17T/m3)
6 Ct thp g chn lan can (0.1T/m3)
7
B tng g chn lan can
8
B tng atphan
9
Gi cu ( loi ln)
10
Gi cu ( loi nh)
11
Khe co dn 10cm
12
Khe co dn 5cm
13
Lp phng nc
14
n chiu sng
II
Kt cu phn di
1
2
Cc khoan nhi D=2 m
4
Ct thp m tr thp (0.15 T/m3)
5
B tng m tr + thp
6
Cng trnh ph tr
AII
Gi tr xy lp khc
B
Chi ph khc
Chi ph khc
C
D phng trt gi
N TT NGHIP
T
T
356.64
18,000,000
12,000,000
6,419,520,000
T
m3
m3
ci
ci
m
m
m2
Ct
317.456
52.379
523.786
440,81
6
96
20
110
8816.2
90
6,500,000
800,000
1,300,000
130,000,000
8,000,000
8,000,000
2,500,000
120,000
8,500,000
m
m
T
m3
%
%
4920
2520
1490,81
9938.734
I
AI
3,500,000
4,500,000
7,000,000
1,300,000
7%
4%
3,809,475,600
340,460,900
419,028,800
573,053,000
780,000,000
768,000,000
160,000,000
275,000,000
1,057,944,000
765,000,000
68,794,605,080
17,220,000,000
11,340,000,000
10,435,670,700
12,920,354,200
16,878,580,184
6,282,863,135
%
%
A
A+B
6%
20%
9,801,266,492
34,631,141,600
62
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
CHNG V: BIN PHP THI CNG CH YU CA 3

PHNG N
V.1. THI CNG M TR TRN CN.
* iu kin thi cng:
Vi mc nc thi cng nh trn th 2 m thi cng trn cn.
Mt bng thi cng tng i bng phng.
Cc bc thi cng ch yu:
San i mt bng bng my i, nh v tim m, tim cc.
Lp t khung nh v ng vch, h ng vch gi thnh h khoan.
Lp dng my khoan chuyn dng, tin hnh thi cng cc khoan nhi
ng knh D = 1.5m.
V sinh l khoan, h lng thp, b tng cc.
o h mng bng my xc kt hp th cng, p u cc, v sinh h
mng, hon thin h mng.
lp b tng m dy 10cm, cp 15 Mpa ti cao y i.
b tng ti ch b m, thn m, tng cnh.
Hon thin m: tho d vn khun, p t nn.
V.2. THI CNG TR DI NC.

*
iu kin thi cng:
Thi cng tr di nc nhng kh su
Mt bng thi cng tng i bng phng.
Cc bc thi cng:
nh v tim tr bng my trc c. kt hp vi h sn o
Lp t khung nh v ng vch, h ng vch gi thnh h khoan.
Dng my khoan t trn h ni khoan to l cc ng thi gi thnh l
khoan bng ng vch v dung dch bentonite.

63
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
V sinh h khoan, th lng thp, b tng cc.

Dng gi ba t trn h ni kt hp vi cn cu ng cc nh v, lp t
vnh ai khung dn, rung h cc vn thp n cao thit k.
Xi ht t trong vng vy cc vn thp, p u cc, v sinh h mng.
Lp t vn khun, ct thp b tng b, thn m, tr.
V.3. THI CNG KT CU NHP CHNH 3 PHNG N.
V.3.1. Phng n 1: Cu lin tc.
* Trnh t thi cng dm lin tc.
Thi cng khi K0:
M rng tr, lm gi tm, lp t dn gio, vn khun, ct thp..tin hnh
BT khi K0 trn nh tr.
Thi cng cc t tip theo bng cch c hng cn bng ra hai bn:
Lp t cc thanh DL trn nh tr, cng ko cc thanh DL gi n nh cho
cnh hng trong qu trnh thi cng.
Lp xe c trn khi K0,nh v xe c,tin hnh c hng ra hai bn tr.
Lp t vn khun, ct thp, ng gen, b tng cc t.
Sau khi b tng t cng tin hnh cng ko cp DL.
Di chuyn xe c c t tip theo.
Thi cng on trn gio.
Lp t gio.
Lp t vn khun, ct thp, ng gen, b tng.
Sau khi b tng t cng tin hnh cng ko cp DL.
Hp long nhp bin:
Sau khi c hng n t cui cng, gng u cnh hng vi khi c trn
gio.
Di chuyn xe c hp long nhp bin.
Lp t vn khun, ct thp, b tng t hp long nhp bin
64
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Hp long nhp 1 v 4:
Gng 2 u cnh hng nhp 1 v 4 li vi nhau.
Di chuyn xe c, lp t vn khun, ct thp, BT khi hp long.
Sau khi b tng t cng tin hnh cng ko cp DL chu mmen
dng, di chuyn xe c, gii phng lin kt tm trn cc nh tr.
Hp long nhp gia:
Qu trnh hp long tng t nh cc nhp trn.
V.4.1. Phng n 2: Thi cng cu dy vng.
V.4.2.1. Thi cng thp.
* iu kin thi cng
- Thp c thi cng di nc.
- Khi lng ln
- Mng o su
* Bin php thi cng chnh ca thn thp.
Lp t vng vy cc vn.
San i mt bng bng my i, nh v tim m, tim cc.
Lp t khung nh v ng vch, h ng vch gi thnh h
khoan.
Lp dng my khoan chuyn dng, tin hnh thi cng cc khoan
nhi ng knh D = 2m.
V sinh l khoan, h lng thp, b tng cc.
Dng ba kt hp vi cn cu ng cc nh v, lp t vnh ai
khung dn, rung h cc vn thp n cao thit k.
o h mng bng myo gu ngm hp si ht, p u cc, v
sinh h mng, hon thin h mng.
lp b tng bt y dy 2m, cp 15 Mpa ti cao y i.
+ b tng 8m phn chn thp bng dn gio.
+ Dng h vn khun leo, lp t ct thp v cc chi tit chn sn
phc v thi cng, b tng thp.
65
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
+ b tng tng phn thn thp bng cn cu kt hp thng v

vi bm b tng.
+ Khi xong t u tin tin hnh di chuyn vn khun leo ln
V.4.2.2.
cc t cn li cho n ht ton b thp cu.

+ Hon thin thp: tho d vn khun, hon thin thp.
Thi cng kt cu nhp phn cu dy vng.
* Cc bc thi cng:
Phn thi cng trn gio m rng thp:c khoang K0
+ Lp dng h thng gio thi cng khoang dm K0 u tin i
xng qua thp
+ Lp dng vn khun, ct thp
+ b tng khoang K0 bng cn cu thp kt hp thng v vi
bm
+ Bo dng b tng
+ Lp t dy vng v cng s chnh dy vng cho khoang K0
c cc khoang tip theo :c hng cn bng
+ Lp dng ng trt cho xe c
+ Lp dng xe c hng chuyn dng i xng 2 bn thp
+ Lp t vn khun, ct thp khoang K1 trn dn gio treo ca xe c
+ b tng khoang K1 bng cn cu thp kt hp thng v vi
bm
+ Bo dng b tng.
+ Lp t dy vng v cng s chnh dy vng cho khoang K1 theo
thit k
+ Tip tc di chuyn xe c thi cng cc khoang tip theo
Sau khi c xong mi khoang phi tin hnh lp ngay dy vng ca
khoang v cng s chnh trc khi chuyn sang khoang mi
Hp long nhp chnh:
+ Di chuyn xe c hp long nhp chnh
+ Tin hnh nh v 2 u dm cng bng cc my trc a
+ Lp dng vn khun, ct thp, b tng cho t hp long
+ Bo dng b tng
66
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Cn c biu ni lc v bin dng thc t tin hnh iu chnh dy

vng ln cui nhm t c trng thi ti u trc khi a cng trnh
vo khai thc.
Hon thin cu:
+ b tng cc lp mt cu, lp lan can, thit b chiu sng, thot
nc.
V.4.2. Phng n 3: Thi cng cu Extradosed.
V.4.3.1. Thi cng thp.
Thi cng thp ging nh thi cng tr di nc.
V.4.3.2. Thi cng kt cu nhp phn cu chnh.
Thi cng khi K0:
Lp t dn gio m rng tr, lp vn khun, ct thp... tin hnh
b tng khi K0 trn nh tr.
c hng cn bng ra hai bn:
Lp xe c hng cn bng trn khi K0, tin hnh c hng ra hai
bn tr.
Lp t vn khun, ct thp, ng gen, b tng cc t.
Sau khi b tng t cng tin hnh cng ko cp DL
Di chuyn xe c c t tip theo.
Bt u t t K6 n K12 sau khi b tng t cng tin hnh
cng dy vng, ri cng ct thp DL.
Thi cng on trn gio:
Lp dng gio, vn khun, ct thp b tng.
Sau khi tin hnh c hng cn bng t cui cng, di chuyn xe
c c khi hp long ca hai nhp bin:
Trc khi b tng phi ging gi hai u.
Sau khi b tng t cng , tin hnh tho xe c, cng cp chu
m men dng.
Hp long nhp nhp gia .
Qu trnh hp long tng t nh cc nhp trn.
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CHNG 1: TNG QUAN

1.1. t vn .
M tr cu l b phn quan trng trong cng trnh cu, c chc nng k
kt cu nhp, tip nhn v truyn cc ti trng xung nn t.
Tr cu c xy dng gia hai nhp k nhau v chu p lc truyn ti trng
t kt cu nhp. Tr nm phn long song c th chu tc dng ca dng chy,
lc va p ca thuyn b
M cu c xy dng v tr tip gip gia ng v cu, ngoi nhim v k
kt cu nhp n cn c vai tr ca mt tng chn m bo n nh cho nn ng
u cu. Do ngoi cc phn lc truyn t kt cu nhp, m cn chu tc dng ca
nn t. tnh ton v thit k thng phi p dng theo nhiu phng php v
cc trng thi gii hn khc nhau, cng vic tnh ton thit k phc tp ny li ch c
th p dng c vi cng trnh hin thi, i vi cc cng trnh gn tng t th li
phi tnh li t u. Do c th gim ti cng vic lp i lp li ny cho ngi
k s vic pht trin v xy dng phn mm tnh ton m tr cu l rt cn thit, t
vic c th gii quyt c cho cng trnh hin thi n cn c p dng cho cc
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cng trnh tng t sau ny. Trn thc t c rt nhiu phn mm ra i phc v
cho vic tnh ton M Cu nh: MO-2K5, SAP 2000, Midas/Civil
1.2. Cc phn mm tnh ton m cu
1.2.1. Phn mm tnh ton m cu MO-2K5 theo TCVN 272 2005
(Mo2K5 - Ch nghim ti KS Lm Hu Quang).
a. u im
Xc nh nhanh c ni lc tnh ti ca m cu
Xc nh nhanh cc ti trng tc dng ln m cu
Th hin Tng Qut v hnh dng v kich thc m cu
b. Nhc im
Nhp qua Excel, kh mt thi gian
Cha t hp ni lc
1.2.2. Phn mm SAP 2000

SAP2000 l mt cng c mnh, c tin cy cao v c th s dng trong
hu ht cc bi ton tnh ton kt cu. Chng trnh s dng phng php phn
t hu hn kt hp vi cc thut ton x l s lm nn tng.
a. u im :
V kh nng tnh ton: Kh nng tnh ton mnh, h tr nhiu loi kt
cu lm vic nhiu trng thi khc nhau chu tc ng ca nhiu loi
ti trng.
V vt liu: Phn mm c th m t vt liu ng hng, trc hng,
d hng hay vt liu c cc tnh cht phi tuyn.
V mt ti trng tc dng: Sap2000 h tr rt tt s a dng v th loi
l: Tnh ti vi cc loi lc, nhit , gi ln. Hot ti vi nhiu
loi xe tiu chun, xe do ngi dng t nh ngha tc dng ln nhiu
ln phc tp ph hp vi nhiu quy trnh. Ti trng ng vi nhiu
phng php tnh ton tin tin : ti trng thay i theo thi gian, ph
phn ng
V kt qu tnh ton, thit k y , tin cy. Xut kt qu ra mn hnh
ha, vn bn hay my in. Hn na, xut c cc kt qu dng tp
tin cho cc chng trnh thit k sau tnh ton. Sap2000 hon thin
hn cc phin bn trc, tch hp phn thit k mt ct thp v b
tng ct thp vo chng trnh. Do vy, kt qu tnh ton kt cu s
c s dng ngay trong phn thit k mt ct.
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b. Nhc im:
Tnh tng thch v h tr cc bi ton chuyn bit.
Nhng quy nh tnh ton s dng trong chng trnh ch yu thch
hp vi cc nc u M.
Tnh ton theo quy nh ca ta cng c th thc hin c nhng i
hi ngi dng phi mt thi gian.
Do SAP2000 h tr tnh ton gn nh tt c cc loi kt cu do vy so
vi cc chng trnh chuyn dng v tnh ton thit k cu n khng
th thun tin bng.
1.2.3. Phn mm Midas/Civil
MIDAS/Civil l phn mm tch hp hon chnh h tr thit k kt cu cu.
Bng s kt hp cc tnh nng phn tch kt cu vi cc tnh nng c bit phn
tch c bit dnh cho k thut cu. Midas Civil h tr phn tch v thit k cu
b tng, b tng d ng lc, cu thp, cu dy vng, cu dy vng, cu lin m,
v.v.
a. u im:
Kh nng m hnh ha: chng trnh h tr nhiu m hnh kt cu, c
bit l kt cu cu, cung cp nhiu loi mt ct khc nhau. Kh nng
m t c vt liu ng hng, trc hng, d hng hay vt liu phi
tuyn. Chng trnh c nhiu cng c trc quan h tr vic m hnh
ha trc tip, ngoi ra ngi dng cn c th m hnh kt cu hoc
mt ct thng qua Auto CAD.
V ti trng: chng trnh h tr y v a dng v cc th loi
nh: tnh ti (vi cc loi lc, nhit , gi ln, d ng lc), hot ti
(vi nhiu loi xe tiu chun k thut, xe do ngi dng nh ngha)
m hnh ti trng ng vi cc gii php tin tin.
Giao din v tc tnh ton: chng trnh hot ng nh mi trng
Windows, giao din thn thin, kh nng tnh ton mnh.
Kh nng nhp v xut d liu: d liu u vo c th c nhp trc
tip hoc nhp t cc file ca chng trnh khc, kt qu tnh ton c
th xut ra ngoi mn hnh ha, vn bn hay my in, hn na c th
kt xut kt qu dng tp tin cho cc chng trnh thit k sau s dng.
Kh nng phn tch bi ton cu: y l mt tnh nng mnh ca
chng trnh, MIDAS cung cp nhiu phng php phn tch kt cu
hin i, c bit l phn tch phi tuyn tnh v cc giai on thi cng.
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b. Nhc im:
L mt phn mm thit k theo tiu chun nc ngoi, khng ph hp
vi cc tiu chun, quy phm ca Vit Nam.
+Ngn ng nc ngoi.
1.3. ti.
Trn c s phn tch u v nhc im t cc phn mm trn v khc phc mt
s nhc im ca cc phn mm trc nh: ngn ng s dng, tiu chun thit k v
cc quy phm Hng n mt phn mm s c ngn ng giao din bng ting Vit
v c p dng theo cc tiu chun ca Vit Nam hin hnh. T ti s a ra
nghin cu trong n tt nghip ny l: THIT K V KIM TON M CH
U.
CHNG II: C S L THUYT

2.1.
-
S liu chung.
Thit k cu qua sng
Loi cu
Tn m tnh ton
Quy trnh tnh ton : Tiu chun thit k cu 272 -05 TCVN
2.2.
-
Kt cu phn trn.
Chiu di nhp tnh ton
Loi dm
S lng dm ch
S lng dm ngang
Chiu cao dm ch
Chiu cao g lan can
Chiu cao lan can
Kh cu
B rng mt cu
Chiu cao bn dm ch
Din tch dm ch
Din tch dm ngang
2.3. S liu m.
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- Loi m : m ch U..
- Nn t nhin.
2.4. Tnh ti.
- Trng lng bn thn kt cu phn bn trn,
- Trng lng bn thn m
Q *V
Trong :
- Trng lng ring ca vt liu,
V- Th tch m cu,
Khi b phn m tr nm di nc khi tnh n nh phi xt n tc
dng ca p lc thu tnh. Khi trng lng ring l:
= -1 (T/m)
- Trng lng t p,
Trng lng t p trn cc b mng v cc thnh nghing ca
m cu:
P= * H
Trong : trng lng ring ca t, = 1,8 T/m.
H Chiu cao t p.
- p lc ngang ca t
Rt quan trng khi tnh m. i vi tr th tu loi, c th tnh hoc
khng tnh tu theo mc nh hng.
Theo QT 79 p lc y ngang tnh theo cng thc:
Ep = * tc * H
Trong : H chiu cao tng t tnh ton.
=tg2 45o - H s p lc ngang ca t,
, tc - Gc ma st trong v dung trng th tch ca t

Khi y mng t cch mt t t nhin 3m coi p lc y ngang
ca t phn b theo quy lut ng thng.
Hp lc y ngang tnh theo cng thc:
1
2
E= e p * H * B
Trong : ep v H - p lc nm ngang ca t v chiu cao tng t.
B - chiu rng tnh i ca m.
b1 2b2 B = b.
b1 > 2b2 B =2
b2
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Vi m cc (ct) nu chiu rng tng cng cc cc (ct) < 1/2 chiu

rng m tr th B =2 b ( b chiu rng cc hoc ct)
Vi m cc (ct) nu chiu rng tng cng cc cc (ct) 1/2 chiu
rng m tr th B ly bng khong cch mp ngoi ca cc (ct).
?
?
E
H/3
b2
b1
b2
Cnh tay n ca hp lc cch y mng 1 khong :

E= H/3
2.5. Hot ti.
- Hot ti 3 trc,
- Hot ti 2 trc,
- Ti trng ln,
2.6. Ti trng gi
2.6.1. Ti trng tc dng ln cng trnh.
Ti trng gi ngang :
Pd = 0,0006V2*A*Cd > 1,8A (KN)
Trong :
V : Tc gi thit k,
A : Din tch kt cu chn gi khng c hot ti tc dng,
Cd: H s sc cn =1.
- Tnh cho gi tc dng ln kt cu phn trn,
- Ti trng gi tc dng ln m,
2.6.2. Ti trng gi tc dng ln xe c.
2.6.2.1, Ti trng gi ngang cu,
- Ti trng gi ngang tc dng ln xe c : 1,5 kN/m
- Chiu di tc dng : 30 m,
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- im t lc cch mt ng 1,8 m
2.6.2.2, Ti trng gi dc cu,
- Ly bng ti trng gi ngang,
2.7. T hp ti trng
D
TTGH
DC
W
S dng
Cng 1
1
1,2
1
1,5
1,2
1,5
LL,
BR
CE,
PL
1
1,75
WL
WA
0,3
0
1
0
1
1
0,4
5
Cng 3
1,35
5
2.8. Kim ton.
2.8.1.Kim tra cu kin chu un.
2.8.1.1. Sc khng un:
Mr = 0.9*As*fy*(h0-a/2)
Momen tnh ton do ngoi lc:
Mu = Max(M1,M2,M3)
Kim tra Mr < Mu
2.8.1.2.Hm lng c thp ti thiu.
Hm lng thp =
Kim tra:
2.8.1.2.Kim tra sc khng un.

Mrc = 0.623
1000
Kim tra:
Mr min(1.2Mrc,Mu)
2.8.2.Kim tra nt.
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TRNG I HC XY DNG
Z
f sa
(d c * A)
1
3
0,6
N TT NGHIP
* fy
Trong :
dc : chiu dy phn b tng t th chu ko ngoi cng cho n tm
ca thanh, dc khng c ln hn 50.
Z : Thng s v b rng vt nt khng ly qu 30000,
A : Din tch phn b tng c cng trng tm vi ct thp ch chu
ko.
2.8.2.Kim tra cu kin chu ct.
Sc khng ct danh nh do ng sut ko trong:
Vc = 0.083
bwd0.001
Sc khng ct ca ct thp chu ct.

Vs = Av*fy*d/(s*tan())*1000)
Vn = 0.25fcbwd
Sc khng ct tnh ton:
Vr = min(fvVn, fv(Vc+Vs))
Lc ct tnh ton:
Vu = H (lc ct trng thi cng I)
Kim tra :Vu Vr
CHNG III: THUT TON

3.1. S phn r chc nng.
Trn c s thit k chng trnh bo gm 2 chc nng ln l tnh
ton v thit k m cu, ta xy dng s phn r chc nng ca chng
trnh nh sau:
CHNG CHNH
TRNH
NH
P S
c
trng vt
Ti
trng xe
TNH
TON
Tnh
ti
Hot
ti
S
liu kt
KIM
TON
XUT
KT QU
TR
Kim
ton tng
Xut kt
qu ra Excel
Xut kt
qu ra Word
Gi
Kim
ton tng
i
H
ng
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Ti
trng gi
Nhp
kch
p lc
t, ti
trng cht
T hp
thm
ti trng
N TT NGHIP
Kim
ton tng
Kim
ton y
3.2. Thut ton tng quan.
Bt
u
Nhp d
liu u vo
Tnh
ton
Xut kt
qu
Kt
thc
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TRNG I HC XY DNG
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3.2.1. Thut ton con tnh ton.
a) Thut ton con: Tnh ti m
77
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b) Thut ton con: Hot ti
78
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c) Thut ton con: p lc t tnh
79
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N TT NGHIP
d) Thut ton con: p lc t do hot ti EL
80
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N TT NGHIP
e) Thut ton con: Ti trng gi ngang
81
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f) Thut ton con: Ti trng gi ng
82
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3.2.2. Thut ton con nhp d liu u vo
83
TRNG I HC XY DNG
a)
N TT NGHIP
Thut ton con:Nhp thng s vt liu: trng lng b tng, cng

b tng, trng lng thp, cng thp
84
TRNG I HC XY DNG
b)
N TT NGHIP
Thut ton con:Nhp kt cu bn trn : DC, DW, Ln, Bc, Ln
85
TRNG I HC XY DNG
c)
N TT NGHIP
Thut ton con: Hot ti do 1 ln
86
TRNG I HC XY DNG
d)
N TT NGHIP
Thut ton con: Nhp kch thc
87
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N TT NGHIP
CHNG IV: NGN NG LP TRNH.

IV.1. Gii thiu mt s ngn ng lp trnh
88
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PASCAL : l ngn ng lp trnh c bn.

u im:
Pascal dng ngn ng st vi ngn ng t nhin hn do n thn thin
vi ngi lp trnh hn.
Pascal kt hp c tnh gn, d nh, kh nng truy cp thp cc cu trc
d liu a dng.
Pascal l ngn ng lp trnh c nh kiu r: cc i lng ( bin v hng)
c khai bo s dng vi kiu d liu ny th khng th em dng ln vi kiu
khc.
Pascal l ngn ng lp trnh c cu trc. Tnh cu trc ca Pascal c th
hin qua 3 yu t : cu trc trong d liu, cu trc trong cc ton t v cu trc
trong cng c th tc.
c tnh sng sa, d hiu, d c ca n gip ngi mi dng c th d
dng hc vit mt chng trnh my tnh.
chng trnh vit gn , dch nhanh, khng ngng c ci tin p ng
yu cu ngi s dng.
Nhc im:
Bn cnh Pascal cng cn khng t hn ch, giao din tng tc km
vi ngi s dng , h tr ho khng mnh m.
- Vi nhng chng trnh ln th dng ngn ng lp trnh c cu trc qun
l s l rt kh khn.
C: l ngn ng tt cho lp trnh h thng v pht trin ng dng.
u im:
- Chng trnh vit bng C l tp hp cc hm ring bit, gip cho vic che giu
m v d liu tr nn d dng. Hm c vit vi nhng ngi lp trnh khc nhau,
khng nh hng n nhau v c th c bin dch ring bit trc khi gip ni thnh
chng trnh.
- C l mt ngn ng rt mnh m mm do, linh hot, c mt th vin gm rt
nhiu cc hm ( FUNCTION ) c to sn. Ngi lp trnh c th tn dng cc
hm ny m khng phi to mi. Hn na ngn ng C c h tr rt nhiu cc php
ton nn ph hp gii quyt cc bi ton k thut c nhiu cng thc phc tp. Ngoi
ra C cng cho php nh ngha thm cc kiu d liu tru tng khc
- Mt c im ni bt ca C l C c tnh tng thch cao. Chng trnh vit bng
C cho mt loi my hoc h iu hnh khc. Hin nay hu ht cc loi my tnh u c
trnh bin dch C.
Nhc im:
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TRNG I HC XY DNG
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-Tuy vy, C ch thch hp vi nhng chng trnh h thng hoc nhng chng
trnh i hi tc. Cn vi nhng bi ton ln v phc tp th cng nh Pascal , C rt
kh kim sot chng trnh.
C++ : l ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng u tin.
u im:
- Ngn ng C++ c pht trin t ngn ng C. N mang y cc c tnh
ca C.
- C++ l ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng, do vy n c y cc tnh cht
ca mt ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng.
- Cc c tnh ca C++ cho php ngi lp trnh xy dng nhng th vin phn
mm c cht lng cao phc v nhng n ln, chng trnh ln nh cc h son
tho, chng trnh dch, cc h qun tr c s d liu, cc h s truyn thng
Nhc im:
C++ khng hng i tng hon ton m l a hng. V C++ h tr c lp trnh
hng hnh ng.
Visual Basic 6
- VB6 c s dng to giao din ho ngi dng ( Graphical User Interface
hay vit tt l GUI ). C sn nhng b phn hnh nh gi l Controls.
- VB6 cha n hng trm cu lnh (Commands), hm (Function), v t kho
(Keywords), rt nhiu commands, fuctions v t kho lin h trc tip n
MSWindows GUI. Nhng ngi mi bt u c th vit chng trnh bng cch ch
hc vi commands, functions v keywords.
Visual Basic . Net (VB.net)
VB.net l ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng ( Object Oriented
Language OOL) do microsoft thit k li t con s khng. VB.net khng k tha
VB6 hay b sung t VB6 m l mt ngn ng lp trnh hon ton mi trn nn
Microsofts.Net Framework. Do n cng khng phi l VB phin bn 7. Tht s
y l ngn ng mi v rt li hi, khng nhng lp nn tng vng chc theo kiu
mu i tng nh cc ngn ng lp trnh hng mnh khc vang danh nh C++,
Java m cn d hc, d pht trin v cn to c hi hon ho gip ta gii quyt
nhng vn khc mc khi lp trnh. Hn na, d khng c kh khn g khi cn
tham kho, hc hi hay o su nhng g xy ra bn trong.VB.net gip ta i
ph vi cc phc tp khi lp trnh trn nn Windows.
IV.2 La chn ngn ng lp trnh
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Da vo nhng kin thc tch ly c trong qu trnh hc tp v nghin cu cc

ngn ng trn em thy: VB.net l ngn ng m em thnh tho nht, ngoi ra n cn c
rt nhiu im mnh nh:
VB.net l ngn ng c dng kh ph bin hin nay.
VB.net l ngn ng n gin c nhiu h tr, c bit h tr lp trnh
hng i tng kh tt.
VB.net c th kt hp vi cc cng c m rng lm p thm giao din
chng trnh (VD: B Dotnetbar)
VB.net cho php thit k chng trnh bng cc modul c lp gip ngi
lp trnh d dng pht trin phn mm m khng nh hng ti cc modul khc.
VB.net l ngn ng thng dch, c tnh mm do cao. Cho php kt hp
vi cc c s d liu bn ngoi x l.
T rt nhiu nhng u im trn nn ngn ng VB.net c dng
vit chng trnh cho n tt nghip.
IV.3
Cc Form trong chng trnh.
- Form chng trnh chnh gii thiu v cc menu chc nng.
- Giao din chng trnh.

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TRNG I HC XY DNG
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- Menu chn tp:
M tp: chn m n tp c trc.

Lu tp: chn lu tp ang m.
Thot : kt thc chng trnh.
- Menu nhp d liu:
92
TRNG I HC XY DNG
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Thng s vt liu: m form vt liu.

Nhp kt cu bn trn: m form kt cu bn trn.
Hot ti: m form hot ti.
Nhp kch thc m: m form kch thc m.
- Menu tnh ton:
Tnh ti m: m form tnh ti m.

Hot ti m: m form hot ti m.
Ti trng gi: m form ti trng gi.
p lc t: m form p lc t.
- Menu t hp ti trng:
93
TRNG I HC XY DNG
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T hp ti trng: m form t hp ti trng.

- Menu kim ton:
Kim ton : m form kim ton.

- Form vt liu:
Chn v d xem cc thng s mu c sn, chn nhp mi

nhp li cc thng s, chn combobox mc b tng v loi thp thay i
s liu cn tnh, sau nhn lu d liu ri tip tc.
- Form kt cu bn trn:
94
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Lm tng t nh form vt liu , c th nhn vo nt trc quay li form

vt liu.
- Form hot ti:
Sau khi nhp xong cc thng s form kt cu bn trn , nhp cc gi tr

ti trng xe thit k cho form hot ti ri tip tc.
- Form nhp kch thc m:
95
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Lm tng t nh cc form trc ,nhp y cc s liu ri tip tc.
- Form tnh ti m:
96
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Sau khi nhp y cc thng s chuyn sang phn tnh ton tnh ti
,nhn kt qu hin th kt qu ri nhn tip tc tip tc tnh ton.
- Form hot ti m:
97
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Lm tng t nh tnh ton tnh ti m, form ny c them phn v ng

nh hng, v ri tip tc.
- Form p lc t:
98
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Form ny c 2 tab ,phi nhp p lc t tnh trc ri chuyn sang nhp s

liu p lc t do hot ti ri tip tc.
- Form ti trng gi:
99
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Form ny tng t nh form p lc t ,nhp y ri tip tc.

- Form t hp ti trng: mt ct tng nh.
T hp ti trng cho 4 mt ct khc nhau, mi bng th hin gi tr ti trng

tc dng trn tng mt ct
Mt ct tng thn.
100
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
Mt ct tng cnh.
Mt ct y mng.
101
TRNG I HC XY DNG
N TT NGHIP
- Form kim ton:
Kim tra kh nng chu lc ca m ti cc mt ct nh: kim tra chu un,

kim tra chu ct , kim tra nt xem m c t kh nng chu lc hay khng.
102

Thuyet Minh Đô Án

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Thuyet Minh Đô Án

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TRNG I HC XY DNG

KHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN

Phng n 1: Cu chnh dm lin tc BTCT DL 5 nhp + cu dn nhp n

gin bn lp ghp tit din ch I

- Cu dn l cu nhp n gin dm I, chiu cao dm l 1,7m.

Chiu di ton cu l 642800 mm.

Phng n 2: Cu chnh l cu dy vng 3 nhp + cu dn nhp n gin bn

lp ghp tit din ch I.

S nhp: 33+(144 + 288 + 144)+33 m

33+(144 + 288 + 144)+33

hiu qu kinh t x hi, ca tng phng n, la chn phng n thit k k thut.

+ ng n hi lin tc, xe chy m thun.

CHNG II: PHNG N CU LIN TC

Trc dc cu: Mt phn cu nm trn ng cong trn c R = 6000m,

M: Hai m i xng, loi m BTCT ch U, BTCT tng thng, t trn

mng cc khoan nhi ng knh D = 1.5m.

Khe co gin bng cao su.

Gi cu bng cao su.

Lan can cu bng b tng v thp ng

II.2. CHN TIT DIN.

Trn gi : H = (1/15 1/20)Lnhp

Gia nhp : h = (1/30 1/ 45)Lnhp ; khng nh hn 2m.

Vi Lnhp = 120m, chn H = 7 m, h = 3.0 m.

Phn dm c chiu cao khng i h = 3.0m,

y dm bin thin theo quy lut ng cong c phng trnh l:

Vi L l chiu di cnh hng cong, L = 58 m.Vy ta c phng trnh ng

Chiu dy bn y ti nhp chnh thay i theo ng parabol t chiu dy ti

gi l 100 cm n chiu dy gia nhp l 30 cm.

Chiu dy bn y ti nhp bin thay i theo ng parabol t chiu dy ti

gi l 120 cm n chiu dy gia nhp l 30 cm.

Chiu dy sn dm thay l 60cm.

Hnh II.2: Mt ct ngang dm hp c chiu cao thay i nhp chnh.

60000 (1/2 Nh?p )

Hnh II.3: Mt ct dc dm hp vi gc ta ti y t hp long.

Tnh chiu cao trong t y dm hp bin ngoi theo ng cong c phng

Cnh hng nhp c chiu cao dm thay i

on c trn gio c dnh

BngIII:. Khi lng cng tc m:

Bng IV: Khi lng cng tc tr:

M: Hai m i xng, loi m nng ch U, BTCT tng thng, t trn mng cc

B tng mc : #500 dng cho kt cu nhp.

Thp thng : AI c Ra = 1900 kG/cm2

Thp cng cao :

: fpy = 16000 kG/cm2 (= 0.85fpu)

S cng ko : RH1 = 14000 kG/cm2 (= 0.76fpu)

Th tch phn dm hp c chiu cao thay i:

Th tch on c trn gio c nh:

Th tch bn tng nhp chnh l:

Tng khi lng cng tc b tng m: Vm = 633.44 (m3)

b) Khi lng tr cu:

Tng khi lng cng tc b tng tr: Vtr = 4974.17 ( m3 )

Khi lng cng tc b tng m tr:

G chn+ b bo: VG chn = 2xA G chnxL G chn = 2x0.16 x 530=169.6 (m3)

Th tch b tng li thp lp bo v (thuc lp ph mt cu):

Din tch lp phng nc dy 1cm:

Th tch b tng nha:

Cn c vo cc s liu thm d a cht ta nhn thy tnh hnh a cht ca khu vc l

Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu

fy - gii hn chy quy nh ca ct thp (MPa):

Xc nh sc chu ti theo vt liu vi D=1m :

Ct thp chu lc 1628 c cng 345MPa. ai trn 10 a200.

Ct thp chu lc v ct thp cu to cc khoan nhi c b tr nh trong bn v ct

Xc nh sc chu ti theo vt liu vi D=1,5m: