Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C

GVHD: Nguyn Quang Khuyn

IU CH

- NAPHTYL DA CAM

Gio vin hng dn

: Nguyn Quang Khuyn

Ngy lm th nghim

Lp

: HHO3

H tn sinh vin

: Nguyn Mnh Hng

IM

Nhm: 7

Nhn xt:................................................................................................................
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NI DUNG
1) MC CH TH NGHIM
iu ch - napthyl da cam bng phn ng tng hp mu azo
2) TIN HNH, GII THCH CC HIN TNG TRONG TH
NGHIM
C hai giai on chnh xy ra trong qu trnh tin hnh th nghim:
Giai on 1: iu ch mui diazonium:
Thao tc: (5g acid sunfanilic + 12,5ml NaOH) + (2g natri nitrit + 25ml nc) +
nhit thp + khy + 2,5ml dung dch acid clohiric 4N.
Phn ng ha hc:

SVTH: Nguyn Mnh Hng

Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C

GVHD: Nguyn Quang Khuyn

N

NH2

NaNO2

NCl

0 - 50C

HCl

NaCl

SHO3

2H2O (1)

SHO3

Trong mi trng acid r rng sn phm c to thnh l arenediazonium c cu

trc Ar

N (hay Ar

N2 )

Nu trong mi trng trung tnh v mi trng bazo, arenediazonium ion tn ti

trng thi arenediazohydroxide

Ar

aryldiazenol) v arenediazotate ion

N
Ar

OH (c

N
N

tn gi khc l

Ch l sn phm mui diazonium trong P (1) c kh nng thy phn trong

nc gii phng N2 v to ra dn xut Benzen nn sn phm th nghim trn khng
c cho tip xc vi nc.
Giai on 2: Phn ng ghp i azo:
Thao tc: sn phm P (1) + ( 4g - naphtol + 50ml NaOH 2N) + khong 30
pht cht mu vng cam tch ra + dd NaCl bo ha lc thu kt qu.
Phn ng ha hc:
N

NCl
HO
OH

0o
pH=8-9

(2)
SHO3

naphtol da cam

Phn ng (2) xy ra da vo c ch ghp i cp azo.

Do hp cht mu azo c kh nng tan trong nc nn cho Nacl bo ha vo nhm
lm gim kh nng tan, to hiu sut cao cho phn ng.
3) TR LI CU HI
2

SVTH: Nguyn Mnh Hng

Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C

3.1.

GVHD: Nguyn Quang Khuyn

C ch phn ng ghp cp azo:

Cc mui diazonium l cc tc nhn i in t tng i yu, chng c th tham

gia phn ng th i in t vo nhn thm ca cc dn xut hydrocacbon thm c
cha nhm tng hot (nh OH, OR, NH2, NHR). Phn ng hnh thnh sn
phm cha azo N

N, gi l phn ng ghp i azo. Phn ng xy ra theo c

ch i in t thng thng, khng km theo s gii phng N2.

L P iu ch cc hp cht mu azo.
Phn ng ghp i ny xy ra ch yu v tr paraV d: Phn ng (2)
3.2.

Tnh cht ca - naphtol da cam:

Kh nng tan trong nc,

Kh nng bt vi,
Nn c s dng rng ri lm phm nhm vi, cn gi l phm nhm azo.
3.3.

Cho - naphtol tc dng vi NaOH trc: c 2 nguyn nhn c bn,

trong hai nguyn nhn sau u chng t NaOH l thnh phn mi trng khng
th thiu trong phn ng
Ghp cp azo c th din ra trong hai mi trng: acid v kim
Khi P din ra trong mi trng kim s cho sn phm c mu cam nh trong th
nghim
Khi P tng xy ra trong mi trng acid sn phm c to thnh lc ny
khng phi l mu cam m l mu vng, khng to c - naphtol da cam.
Phn ng ghp i gia mui diazonium vi phenol hay dn xut xy ra tt
nht trong mi trng kim nh. Trong iu kin ny, phenol hay dn xut tn ti
ch yu di dng ion phenolate ArO . Di tc dng ca hiu ng y in t
ca nhm th

, ion phenolate c tng mnh hn so vi phenol hay dn xut.

Do phn ng th i in t din ra d dng hn. Tuy nhin nu pH ln (pH >

10) mui diazonium li phn ng vi OH hnh thnh hp cht diazohydroxide

SVTH: Nguyn Mnh Hng

Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C
Ar

OH

GVHD: Nguyn Quang Khuyn

hay diazotate ion

Ar

khng c kh nng tham

gia phn ng ghp i. Nn vic dng NaOH cng phi ph hp.

SVTH: Nguyn Mnh Hng