Phng php gii bi tp kinh t v m

( Click vo qung co mi ngy ng h din n pht trin==>CM N TT C )

Kinh t v m c 2 dng bi tp ch yu:
Dng 1: Bi tp v tng cu, xc nh lng cn bng, chnh sch ti kha.
Dng 2: Chnh sch tin t, Li sut v sn lng cn bng, mc cung tin.
Dng 1: Cng thc chung thng c p dng: AD=c+I+G+Ex-Im
V d:
Trong nn kinh t m, bit: C=145+o,75Yd; I=135; G=550; Ex= 298; MPM=0.4.
Yu cu:
a. Vit hm s tng cu v tnh sn lng cn bng.
b. Gi s xu hng nhp khu cn bin gim xung cn 0,25; sn lng can bng v cn
cn thng mi thay i nh th no?
c. Nu sn lng tim nng=1685 th vic thay i xu hng nhp khu cn bin tc ng
nh th no n nn kinh t?
Nu mc tiu ca Chnh ph l m bo sn lng thc t bng sn lng tim nng th
Chnh ph s a ra chnh sch ng ph g? gii thch v minh ha bng th.
Hng dn:
a.
IM+MPM.Y=o,4Y
Yd=Y-T=Y-o,2Y-10 =>Yd=0,8Y-10
Hm tng cu:
AD=C+I+G+Ex-Im=145+0,75(0,8Y-10)+355+550+298-0,4Y
=> AD=1340,5+0,2Y
Sn lng t cn bng khi: AD=Y => Y=1340,5+0,2Y =>Ycb=1676
b.
MPM=0,25=> Hm tng cu mi:
AD=C+I+G+Ex-Im
=> AD= 1340+0,35Y=>Ycb=2062
Cn cn thng mi: Nx=Ex-Im=298-0,25.2026=-217,5=> Thm ht CCTM
c.
Y*=1685
Ycb=2062>Y*=> Th trng bng n=> mc tiu: gim sn lng, a Y->Y*
Chnh ph thc hin chnh sch ti kha tht cht hoc tin t tht cht.

Dng 2 sd PT ng IS, LM
V d:
C=150+0,7Yd; G=150; Ex=290; Im=0,14; MD=40+ 0,2Y-10i; T=20+0,2Y; I=80-12i;
MS=200; P=1
Yu cu:
a. Vit phng trnh IS; LM.

Tnh li sut v sn lng cn bng. biu din trn th.

b. Khi Chnh ph tng chi tiu thm 60, sn lng v li sut thay i nh th no?
Vic Chnh ph thc hin chnh sch trn gy ra tc dng g trong nn kinh t? Nu
khng c tc ng ny th mc sn lng cao nht c th t c l bao nhiu? t
cmc sn lng ny th Chnh ph phi lm g?
Hng dn:
a.
Phng trnh ng IS:
AD=C+I+G+Ex-Im=656-12i+0,42Y
Sn lng CB khi AD=Y=> Y=656-12i+0,42Y =>PT IS: Y=1131,03-20,69i
Phng trnh ng LM:
Th trng tin t CB khi MDtt+=MStt=> 40+0,2Y-10i=200/1
=> PT LM: Y=800+50i
Li sut v n lng l nghim ca h PT IS v LM: Y=1034; i=4,68
b.
G tng=> AD tng=>IS dch phi->IS1
PT IS1: Y=1234,48-20,69i
Li sut v sn lng CB mi l nghm ca h PT IS1 v LM: Y1=1107; i1=6,15
G tng, qua tc ng ca m=> Ymax=Y2=1234,48-20,69.4,68=1137,65
* Nhn xt: G tng, nn kinh t tng trng nhng ri vo lm pht.
Hin tng thoi lui u t vi quy m bng 1137,65-1107=30,65
t c mc sn lng Y2=1137,65 Chnh ph phi tm bin php dch chuyn LM sang
phi->LM1 qua E2(l giao im ca IS1 v ng i=4,68)
=> p dng chnh sc tin t lng tc l tng MS.
MS tng=MS(E2)-MS(E1)
M E2 thc LM1=>MS(E2)=MD(E2)=40+0,2.1137-10.4,68=220,6
=>MS tng=220,6-200/1=20,6
=> Ngn hng TW phi tng MD thm 20,6.1=20,6 th nn kinh t s trit tiu c hin
tng thoi lui u t.

Theo: http://viplam.net/diendan/showthread.php?t=11067#ixzz2QRwKRFfB