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Lesson Plan Ratio
Lesson Plan Ratio
Lesson Plan Ratio
Teacher: Mr Z. Ndzungu
Duration: 5 weeks
Grade: 10
understand.
Presentation Phase
Teacher Action
Further explain what
is the ration and
show how is a ratio is
calculated using
examples.
See Annexure
Classwork Phase
Teacher Action
Learner Action
Resources
Mathematical
Literacy stationery,
textbook and
workbooks
Learner Action
Resources
Mathematical
Literacy stationery,
textbook and
workbooks
Mathematical
Literacy stationery,
textbook and
workbooks
Respond to the
teacher and cooperate
in the class
discussion. Take notes
and make note of
homework given.
Resources
Assessment
strategies
Informal
assessment;
questioning and
answering
Time
Assessment
strategies
Formal
assessment;
Time
Assessment
strategies
Informal
assessment;
questioning and
answering
Time
15
minutes
20
5
minutes
learning has
taken place.
Give homework
See Annexure
Note:
Ratios don't have measurement units, because the units cancel out. So we write a ratio
of 3 litres to 4 litres as 3 : 4, without writing 'litres'. The units only cancel out if they are
the same, though! For example, a ratio of 300 ml to 1 litre must always be written as 300
: 1000 before we can simplify it to 3 : 10.
the smallest number in the ratio, and then checking with 2; 3; 5; etc. If there is none,
then the ratio is already in its simplest form.
To check if ratios are equivalent write both of them in their simplest form, which will be
exactly the same if they are equal. For example 5 : 10 and 30 : 60 are equivalent ratios
because they both simplify to 1 : 2.
Example 1: Writing ratios in the simplest form
Question
Write these ratios in their simplest forms:
1 5 : 30
2 14 : 18
3 18 : 30
4 7 : 280
Answer
1 5 and 30 are both divisible by 5. So the ratio simplifies to 1 : 6.
2 14 and 18 are both divisible by 2. So the ratio simplifies to 7 : 9.
3 18 and 30 are both divisible by 3. So the ratio simplifies to 6 : 10. However, these
two numbers can both be divided by 2. So it simplifies further to 3 : 5.
4 7 and 280 are both divisible by 7. So the ratio simplifies to 1 : 40.
Writing a ratio in the simplest form will sometimes result in one of the numbers being
equal to 1. This is called a unit ratio. For example, the ratio of 5 lillies to 15 daisies in a
bunch of flowers is simplified to 1 : 3.
In some situations a unit ratio is not in the simplest form, for example, 5 : 9 can be
written as 1 : 1,8, which is a unit ratio, but not in the simplest form. To calculate the unit
form, we simply divide both numbers by the smaller number, so
55:95=1:1,8 .
Question
1 There are 23 nurses in a hospital and 7567 patients. How many patients does
each nurse have to care for?
2 In a Grade 10 class, learners are voting for a class badge. 4 learners vote for
badge A and 17 vote for badge B. How many learners vote for badge B for each
learner voting for badge A?
Answer
1 23 : 7567.
Divide both numbers by 23:
2323:756723=1:329
44:174=1:4,25
So there are 4,25 votes for Badge B for every one vote for Badge A.
Exercise 1: Working with ratios
Problem 1:
Which of these pairs of ratios are equal?
1. 3 : 4 and 75 : 10
2. 2 : 3 and 10 : 20
3. 5 : 1 and 100 : 20
4. 10 : 1 and 40 : 5
Answer 1:
1. Not equal
2. Not equal
3. Equal
4. Not equal
Problem 2:
The ratio of female learners to male learners in a class is 3 : 2. If there are 30 female
learners in the class, work out:
1. the number of male learners
2. the total number of learners in the class
Answer 2:
1. 3 : 2 is equal to 30 : 20 so there are 20 male learners.
2. 20 + 30 learners = 50 learners
Problem 3:
A fruit and nut company has the following standards requirement: In a packet of dried
fruit and nuts, there must be two hundred grams of fruit for every 50 g of nuts.
1. Write this as a simple ratio.
2. What will the amount of fruit be if there are 500 g of nuts?
3. What will the amount of fruit be if there are 25 g of nuts?
Answer 3:
1. 200 : 50
2. 200 : 50 is equal to 2000 : 500, so there will be 2000 g of fruit and 500 g of nuts
3. 200 : 50 is equal to 100 : 25 so there will be 100 g of fruit and 25 g of nuts.
Problem 4:
Tshepo wants to make orange juice out of concentrated juice. The bottle says that it
must be diluted 1 : 7 with water. If he wants to make 2 litres (2000 ml) of juice in total,
how many millilitres of water must he mix with how much of the concentrated juice?
Answer 4:
1 plus 7 parts equals 8 parts in total.