Professional Documents
Culture Documents
For Final Presentation
For Final Presentation
For Final Presentation
By:
Echevarria, George R.
Bondoc, Dessa Andrea
Abrera, Mariefe
Chapter 1
Introduction
The ability to obtain peripheral intravenous (IV) access is an
essential skill in medicine and is performed in a variety of settings by
health care providers such as nurses and physicians. Although the
procedure can appear deceptively simple when performed by an expert, it
is in fact a difficult skill which requires considerable practice to become
adept in performing it. Along with mastering the skill to insert an
intravenous line, one has to be continuously conscious of following the
aseptic and safe way of doing it. However, due to the busy setting or the
lack of proper monitoring in hospitals, some healthcare providers are
unable to comply with these standards. Nurses in some hospitals have
been required to have an intravenous therapy license. The medical
interns do not have such license requirements yet they are allowed to
insert I.V. lines.
The Code of Ethics for nurses uphold the standards of safe nursing
practice. The legal basis allowing nurses to perform IV therapy was first
established by R.A. 7164 otherwise known as The Philippine Nursing
Act of 1991. Section 27 provides that intravenous injection is
within the scope of nursing and that, in the administration of
intravenous injections, special training shall be required according
to protocol established.
R.A. 7164 was repealed by a newer law which is the RA No. 9173,
otherwise known as Philippine Nursing Act of 2002. Under Section 28
(a) of this law entitled Scope of Nursing, it is stated that Nursing care
includes, but not limited to, traditional and innovative approaches,
therapeutic use of self, executing health care techniques and
procedures, essential primary health care, comfort measures,
health teachings, and administration of written prescription for
treatment, therapies, oral topical and parenteral medications,
internal examination during labor in the absence of antenatal
bleeding and delivery.
The
Association
of
Nursing
Service
Administrators
of
the
Objectives
This study aims to:
1. Find out whether the standards of intravenous insertion is followed
by health care providers beginning with the preparation of the
materials up to the securing in place of the intravenous line.
Assumptions
1. Lack of knowledge of the provider puts the client at great risk.
2. Health care providers know how to perform aseptic hand washing
inside and outside health facilities.
3. Nurses and resident doctors are duly licensed by the Philippine
Regulatory Board (PRC).
4. Safety is the top priority.
5. Encourage patients awareness of the nursing practice.
of
unsafe
peripheral
intravenous
insertions.
The
For the nurse educators, may benefit from this research through
enlightenment of the difference in theory and actual practice observed in
the hospital. The nurse educators may use this study as an example to
the nursing students and emphasize to them at an early stage to be
compliant of what their future nursing licenses demand from them.
Eligibility Criteria
peripheral
IV
performance
without
compromising
the
reputation of the chosen hospital, the researchers wish to keep the name
of the hospital in confidence and will only be revealed to the term paper
adviser.
Catheter - a hollow flexible tube for insertion into a body cavity, duct, or
vessel to allow the passage of fluids or distend a passageway. Its uses
include the drainage of urine from the bladder through the urethra or
insertion through a blood vessel into the heart for diagnostic purposes.
chest
trauma,
high
pressure
mechanical
ventilation,
Acute dyspnea
Continuous cough
Nausea
Signs
Cardiovascular
Dysrhythmias (tachyarrhythmias/bradycardias)
Hypotension
Myocardial ischemia
Increased CVP
Pulmonary
Tachypnea
Hemoptysis
Cyanosis
Hypercapnia
Pulmonary edema
Apnea
Neurological
Seizures
Transient/permanent
focal
deficits
(weakness,
paresthesias,
paralysis of extremities)
Ophthalmologic
A small air bubble that gets into the blood circulation and is
stopped at the lungs very rarely produces symptoms. However, death may
occur if a large amount of air or gas becomes lodged in the heart,
stopping blood from flowing from the right ventricle and into to the lungs.
As little as 20 ml/sec of air may show symptoms and 70-150 ml/sec of
air can be fatal.
Theoretical Framework
Florence
Nightingales
Environmental
Theory
advocates
two