ANEMIA

By
I DEWA AYU MEGARANI

Anemia, one
of the most W
ha
common
an
t is
em
blood
i a?
disorders,
occurs when
the level of
healthy red
blood cells
(RBCs) in the
body
becomes too
low.

Excessive
Destruction
of RBCs

Couses Of
Anemia

Blood
Loss
Inadequate
Production
of RBCs

 Hemolytic anemia
Anemia
occurs when red blood
Caused
cells
are
being
by
destroyed prematurely.
Destruc
Bone marrow simply ti
on of
can't keep up with the
RBCs
body's demand for new
cells.
Autoimmune
hemolytic anemia, the
immune system
mistakes RBCs for
foreign invaders and
begins destroying them

Blood loss can also

cause anemia
whether it's because
Aneof
mia
excessive bleeding
Cadue
used
byorBa
to injury, surgery,
lood
problem with the Loss
blood's clotting ability.
Slower, long-term
blood loss, such as
intestinal bleeding
from inflammatory
bowel disease (IBD),
can also cause anemia.

Aplastic anemia occurs

when the bone marrow
Anemcan't
ia
make enough blood cells.
C au
sed
This can be due to
a viral
infection, or exposure
by to
certain toxicIchemicals,
nadequ
at
radiation, or medications.

e
P
rooccurs
ductiwhen
Anemia also
o
the body nisn't
of Rable
BCs to
produce enough healthy
RBCs because of an iron
deficiency. Iron is essential
to hemoglobin production.

Signs & Symptoms

Of Anemia

Blood smear examination

Iron tests
Hemoglobin
electrophoresis
Diag
nos
Bone marrow aspiration
i
ng
and biopsy
ReticulocyteAcount
nem

ia

 Medication as drops (for

infants) or as a liquid or
tablet (for older kids)
H
ow
Hormonal treatment
to
bou
help regulate theAbleeding
t
Folic acid and vitamin
T he
B12 supplements
Tre

eatm
e
nt?cause :
Depending on the

Transfusions
Removal of the spleen or
treatment with
medications
Medications to fight
infection or stimulate the
bone marrow