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Chapter 4: The Various Resources On Earth: Science Module Form 1-Chapter 4
Chapter 4: The Various Resources On Earth: Science Module Form 1-Chapter 4
Importance of soil :
Habitat for living things.
Humus fertilizes the soil and
suitable for farming.
Contains mineral salts
needed for the growth and
development of plants.
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Importance of oxygen :
For respiration of living cell.
Needed in burning.
Importance of carbon dioxide :
Produces food during
photosynthesis.
Composition in fire
extinguishers.
Importance of nitrogen :
Produces fertilizers.
Fills light bulbs to prevent the
filament from oxidation.
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CHARACTERISTICS
A substance which made up of only one type of atom , cannot be broken down into
any simpler substances by chemical or physical method.
Atom elements consist of individual particles.
- examples : Copper, Aluminium, Zink, Iron, Gold.
Molecule elements consist of combined atoms of the same type.
- examples : Oxygen gas, hydrogen gas.
METALS
NON- METALS
PROPERTIES
Good electrical conductors
Good heat conductors
High melting points
Shiny appearance
High densities
Malleable
Ductile
Sonorous
Examples : Aluminium,
Copper, Zink, Iron.
PROPERTIES
Gold,
USES
Copper makes water pipes and
electrical cables.
Gold - as jewellery.
Aluminium makes air craft body.
Iron makes cooking utensils.
Tin as coating of food cans.
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USES
Carbon as pencil leads
Diamond - cut glass and make
jewelleries.
Sulphur firecrackers and tyres.
Nitrogen fertilizers.
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DEFINATION
EXAMPLES OF COMPOUNDS
EXAMPLES
Sugar
Sand
Carbon dioxide
Salt
Chalk
Compound
Elements present
Sodium chloride Sodium, chlorine
(salt)
Copper sulphate Copper,
sulfur,
oxygen
Calcium
Calcium,
carbon,
carbonate
oxygen
(chalk)
Petrol
Hydrogen, carbon
Sand
Silicone, oxygen
Sugar
Carbon,
hydrogen,
oxygen
Carbon dioxide
carbon, oxygen
Water
Hydrogen , oxygen
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PROPERTIES
Formed by chemical reaction
which involve exchange of
energy.
Properties of compound
differs from the properties of
its constituents elements.
The compound can only be
broken down into its
elements by chemical
methods such as
electrolysis.
The elements in a compound
are joined together in a
definite ratio.
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DEFINATION
A mixture consist of two or more substances that have been combined physically.
Mixtures can be formed by mixing
Different elements
Different compounds
Elements and compounds
Examples : air, soil, orange juice, sea water, milk and etc.
PROPERTIES
Mixture
Air
Orange juice
Sea water
Brass (alloy)
Blood
Steel
Coins
Coffee drink
Components
Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, dust, rare gases,
microorganisms.
Orange juice, water, sugar
Water, mineral salts
Copper, zinc
Plasma, blood cells, nutrients, waste products.
Iron, carbon
Copper, nickel, tin
Coffee powder, water, milk, sugar
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COMPOUNDS
MIXTURES
Aspect
Absorbed or release
heat energy
Formation method
New substances
formation
Energy changes
Combines in fixed
ratio
Combination ratio of
substances
Cannot be identified
Identification of
constituents
Properties of
constituents
Preserved
Separation technique of
constituents
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Easily identified
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