Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Alejandro Esteban de La Torre
Alejandro Esteban de La Torre
Bowls
Material:
Bowls made wiht ballons, rice
Group:
Group of 2,3,4,5 or 6
people, It depends on the
number of people in class
Leng of the game:10-15 min
Introduction:
Bowls or lawn bowls is a sport in which the objective is to roll biased balls so
that they stop close to a smaller ball called a "jack" or "kitty". It is played on a
pitch which may be flat or convex or uneven.
It has been traced certainly to the 13th century, and conjecturally to the
12th. William Fitzstephen (d. about 1190), in his biography of Thomas Becket,
gives a graphic sketch of the London of his day and, writing of the summer
amusements of the young men, says that on holidays they were "exercised in
Leaping, Shooting, Wrestling, Casting of Stones.
The game eventually came under the ban of king and parliament, both fearing it
might jeopardise the practice of archery, then so important in battle. Statutes
forbidding it and other sports were enacted in the reigns of Edward III, Richard
II and other monarchs. Even when, on the invention of gunpowder and firearms,
the bow had fallen into disuse as a weapon of war, the prohibition was
continued.
In 1864 William Wallace Mitchell (18031884), a Glasgow Cotton Merchant,
published his "Manual of Bowls Playing" following his work as the secretary
formed in 1849 by Scottish bowling clubs which became the basis of the rules of
the modern game. Young Mitchell was only 11 when he played on Kilmarnock
Bowling green, the oldest club in Scotland, instituted in 1740.
Bowls are designed to travel a curved path because of a weight bias which was
originally produced by inserting weights in one side of the bowl. This is no
longer permitted by the rules and bias is now produced entirely by the shape of
the bowl. A bowler determines the bias direction of the bowl in his hand by a
dimple or symbol on one side.