lo

lo
to
lr
lf
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
O
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
I

STANDARDS
OF THE
TUBULAR
EXCHANGER
MANUFACTURERS
ASSOCIATION

..i

RichardC. Byrne,Secretary

" ' . . . 1 ',

1:.',1,,,,,
, , . . : , i ] , . . . , , ': , , , - . t , ' , , , t ' ' ,

..::.:.l..111i.,1;;:..:.:i:]...

tl r'.-,
,.,,,

NOWARMNTY
EXPRESSED
ORIMPUED
Inc.to assist
byTheTubularExchanger
Manufacturers
Association,
TheStandardshereinarerecommended
u!grs-,engineers,
anddesignerslvhospecify,design,and inslallttbular exchangers.Thesestandardsarebased
design,inslallatbn,sd
uponsoundengineerirgprinciples,research,andtieldexpriencein themanuiac-fure,
or experience
useof tqbularexchangers.Thesestandardsmaybesubjectto revisionas furtherinvestigation
or implied,
hereinshallconstitr.rte
a warranty
of anykind,expressed
or desirable.Nothing
mayshowis necessary

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O
o
o
o
o
o
I

- All rightsreserved.Thisbookor anyparl

Association
Copyright@z)07 TubularExdnngerManulacturers
permission
of the publisher.Unauthorized
cop{es
in anyformwithoutthewritten
thereofmaynotbe reproduced
g4utor
ofi$?Q0
to
pgLalties
$30,9p.0
: $pjec{ to
"': '":'
:
Americe.

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

'l: :', : . r: . : , . lr :O
,:
i : :. l : i : i i ',r' :: ': O

ii
:' :l ,:: 1, : : . ,
'

'

,. 1

:l: ,, rl: l ,

,: ,

,'

'r,: l:,
i::1:
.'..

:::l ;.;:;.,
,,'( l
1,:

o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

IiETBERSOFTHE
TUBUIIR EI(CI{A}IGERTAT{UFACTURERS
ASSOCIATION,
II,IC.
Comprising
Manuiac{urers
of VariousTypes
of ShellandTubeHeatExchanger
Equiprnent

APfHeatTransfer,
Inc.................
Cust-O-Fab,
Inc....................

.........8g88
Wst ZlstStreet
SandSglngs,OK zz(169

EnergyExcfranger
Company.....

.....1g1.4N.
GamettRoad
Tulsa,OK 74116

Fabsco
SheflandTubd,LLC................

.....p.O.Bo<gBB
Sapulpa,0K74066

HeatTransfer
Equipment
Co..

p.O.Box580638
...............
Tulsa,OK 24158

Hughes-Anderson
HeatExchangers,
Inc....................

j001N.Fulton
.....................
Avenue
Tulsa,OK 74115

KuegerEngineering
& Mfg.Co.lnc...................

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o

....ZzT7wdftr,rrAverue
Buffarc,Ny i4225

...........
12001
Hirscfr
Rd.
Houston,TX 77050

JosephOatCotporation................

..........2500Broadnay
Camden,
NJ 08id

Ohmstede,
Ltd....................
r

-.,,,1 ""

PerryProducts
Gorp.................
:,

t,:, t.

: :.

'..,:.:,

89SN.MainSt.
Beamor|t,TXTnU
...........AS
itt lanrCRoad
Hainesport,
NJ 0g{X}6

ci+Md&tvbr&hd,.,.
Robbinwille,NJ 0Bl

i,,

,,.,..

l:'.

'

":.it ,, ', ' : ,,.

:l

'.,

'

o
a
o
o
a

iIEMBERCOMPANIES
CONTRIBUTING
OFTHE
N
TUBUITR B(CHANGER MAI.IUFACTURERSASSOCIATIO

o
t

o
o
o
a
I
I

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

CONTRIBUTING
ASSOCIATION
MANUFACTURERS
TUBUIAREXCHANGER

Jim Barbee
' , Monb,DaMs
SamDavis

:
:.:
, .,.
r.

,. lanietQe$djs.
.JimHaniSOn
MichaelHoltz

o
o

'; :,;t:;;,,;,,. ,.flS:MdfloY

, ....
' .,
Jelf Pilllz4
JimWillett

o
o
o

:.

o
o

, O
,.,'..',','
IJV

',,

'';t.'

'f

o
o
o

o
o
o

o
o

a
o
a

a
o
o
o
t
t

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
a

PREFACE
Ninth Edtion - 2fit7
TheNinthEditionof theTEMAStandardswaspreparedbytheTecfrnicalCommittee
of tte Trlrla
ExchangerManufacturers
As.sgciation.
A compilation
proveninformation,
of p-reviously
alongnft n*
additionsto theFleible ShellElementsec{ion,is presented
for youipracticaluse- E"ie g;*tArraFb
(FEA)guidelin
havealsobeenadded,as haveioreignmateriitcrossrcferencesanooesigrmetro*'tr
largediarneter
openings.
In responseto theintroduction
of PanUHXof ASMESectionVlll, Divisioni, muchof thetrbestreetd6ign
in{ormation
fomerlycontainedin TElrlAParagraph
RCB-ZhasUeenmoveoio iifvfe nppenOix
n"
TheEditoracknowledges
wittrapprecidionthe contbutionsby TonyPaulhandChrisHlnnant
(PzulinResearciGroup)to the newrulesfo,rFlexiHShdl Edmenti.
DanielGaddis,Editor

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
t

o
a

,i ,

;., ,:,l l

, :,,,i ,l ,i:':t:jl : l i j :. .t.:,:,l ,.:;it, ,i ,1.:,,,:,,:.,

,,..,.tl r;,' .,, . t, ,,,...al::,l ,. ,,,i,:,, ,;' ; :,

,,.:.,,: ,.,
,,i ,,,.,,

''''

..,.,.

;.,

.:

.1 ,

ll,:',,,t t,

.:

:,.
,.,'

u
. , . , . . 1, .

; . , ,, ,

, ,, , i ' , ,,

. ' , ,' , , . . ' . 1 . . t t

t.,,

1,,.,...

,, .,:

' 1. .

:l

l'

ii
.' 1, ',,

::,i

; , :, ' t i ' i
'.'

:' :' :' ... :::

,'t ,

':,i'

i.I

:, , r- ::,

,:,,

:.: ::. ::,. ,

o
o
o
o
o
I

o
o
t

o
o
o

PREFACE

1
2
3
4
I

NOTES
TOt SERS..........................
NOMENCLATURE
andTypeDcsignatioft-Recommended
1-1
SizeNumberlng
Prac1ice...............
..............
of FbatEdrangerCorponefits....................
.........
1-3
Nomenc'ldrre
FABRICATION
TOLERANCES
External
Dimensions,
NozzleandSupportLocations
.....................
2-1
Fabricdion
Tolerances..........
Recommsded
...-.---....-..............2-2
TubesM, Partitions,
CoirE|s,
ard F|anges...............
FlangeFacelmperfuclions
GENERAL
FABRICATTON
AT{DPERFORMANCE
INFORMATION
ShopOperaton...
-........-...--.34

2
3
4
5
6
7
4
1
2

1
,,,
:

OPEFATION,AND MAINTEMNCE
I]tISTALLATION,
Perbrmance of Heat Excfiangers...
Installationof Heat Exchangers

Operationof HeatE<cfianqrs
ot HeatErchangers...
Maintnance
TEMACLASSHCBHEATD(CHANGERS
MECHANICAL
STANNARD
ScopeandGeneralRequkements......

: :, , ,r, .2g.:, .

shefsandsihefco,rs.;.,:,..:i..:.,.,..;.:,:...;.'..;;....',.'.,.:';.:..
Batrsard SupportPlates
FloatingEndCorstruclion

8
a

.............5.1-1

5.+1
5.5-t

FlexibleShell Elements

; . i . ,. i ; . . ,

'

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

1 .,,,, .,,, ,:,,.,',1..

' : r : , 1,
1 :l ;:i.. :' ,

o
o
o

6V
.
1
1

.' : . :.. : ' ' .; ,: 4| :

5

AxialTubeShe6s

EffectiveTube Mas$........

'i

5.&1

, , , '1 0 i : l ' .

,
:.

+1
+2

11

o
a
o
o
o

57r ""

'::::.:n.
:a :::::

5.6'l

'..,':

GeneralConsuuction
Features
of TEMASlandard
HeatExchangers.........

4
5

,i ::

et2

o
o
o
o
o
a
o
a

a
o
o
a
o

COT{TENTS

a
a
o
o
o
o
a

Symbd&
Sectlon Paragraph
6

FLOI/ INDUCED
VIBFAT|ON
(continued)

14

Ssbdd Rierences

7T

o
o

2
3
4

8P

Fouling......

................7_2

PHYSICALPROPERTIESOF FLUIOS
1
2
3
4

ThemalConductivrty.......................

6
7
I

o
o
a
o

10 RGP

.................................................8
SelectedReferences...............
GENERALINFORMATION
(Seedtailed Table of Contents)

RECOMMENDEDGOODPRACTICE

a
a

G-7.3

o
o
o

Windand Seismic

10-1 3
13,
14

RCB-7
RCB-11
RCB-12

G l9

Finib ElementAnalyEbGuidelines

................1G2S

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o

"t, , ' , ' , ' ; "

, r ,- . . r

, , . :. ' 1 , , .
'::::::
:::::::

,1.::

: r.r,,j .i ,.

..,i '

.., ;, ,, l i i'.

; , :, . , ,

., 1.

i t, ,

',,
.,,,.:,,tli.:,:',, ,'t.,' '1

'

''1

, : : , r: ]

"., 1

, ; . i tt :l : . , : :

o
o
o
a
o
I

o
o

NOTESTO USERSOF
THETEMASTANDARDS

Threeclassesof MechanicalStandards,R, C, and B, reflectingacceptabledesignsfor variousservice

applications,are presented.The user shouldreferto the definiiionof each clasJand choosethe one that
bestfits the specificneed.

o
o
o

The Recommended
Good Practicesectionhas beenpreparedto assistthe designerin areasoutsidethe
scopeof ihe basicStandards.Paragraphsin the SLandards
havingadditionalinformationin the RGP
sectionare markedwith an asterisk(*).The referenceparagraphin the RGP sectionhas the identical
paragraphnumber,but withan "RGP"prefix.

o
o
o
o

11is the intentionof the TubularExchanger

Manufacturers
Association
may
thatthis editionof its Standards
withthe dateof issuance,
and thatits requirements
supersede
thoseof the previous
be usedbeginning
editionsix monthsfrom suchdate of issuance,exceptfor heat exchangerscontractedlor priorto the end of

requiring
www.lema.org.
development
of newor revisedtechnicalinformation
Questions
willonlybe
answeredthroughanaddendumoraneWeditionoftheStandards'
Uponagreemenlbetweenpurchaserand fabricalor,exceptionsto TEMArequirementsare acceptable.An
exchangermay stillbe consideredas meelingTEMArequirementsas long as the exceptionis documented.

,' i, : :

,.

a
a
a
o

o
o

o
o
o
o
o
I

",,,r,
:,,,,,,.O
;;;'.'.,;,,,
t:t r1:t:r::o

,'..,',, , I
I

a
o
o
o
o
t
O

a
o
a
o
O

o
I

o
o
a
o

o
o
o

HEATE)(CHANGER
NOIIET{CLATUR
E

sEcTror{
I

I{.1 SIZEiIUilIBERING
AI'IDTYPEDESIGNAIION-RECOT'ilEilDED
PRACNCE
It is recommended
thatheatexcfiangersizeandtypebe designated
by numbersandlefie'sas derytd
below.
l{-t.lstzE
Sizesof shdls (andtubebundles)shallbe designated
by numbersdescribingdreil (sd rrfte
bundle)diametersandtubelengths,as follows:
ll-1.11 l{ol|tNAL DtAilETER
Thenominaldiametershallbethe insidediamderof the shellin inctres{mm),rorrded of'
to the nearestinteger.Forketflereboilersfie nominaldiametershaffOeire portOnm
followedbytheshelldiameter,eachroundedoffto the nearestinteger.
I{-1.12 I{OI'INALLENGTH
Thenominal
lengthshallbethetubelengthin inches(mm).Tubelengthlor straight
fubes
shallbe takenas the actualoveralllength.ForU-tubesthe lengtrrshallbe Akenas tre
approximatestaight lengthfrom end of fube to bendtangent.

N.12TYPE
Tpe designation
sfiallbe by lettersdescribingstationary
head,shell(omittedtor bundlesu{yf, and
rearhead,in thatorder,as ldicatedin FigureN-l.2.
N.l.3 TYPICAL
EXAIIPLES
lt-l.31
Split-ring
floatingheadexchanger
withremovable
channelandcover,singlepassshdl,23inside
diameter
with
tubes
16,(482
mm)tong.S|ZE2s-r9E691-4Sr4'
11!59lTm)
TYPEAES.
N-1.32
excfgngerwithbonnettypestationary
head,splitflowshell,19"(4gitmm)insirle
-U.-tybe
diameter
wifrtubes7'(2134mm)straigtrtlengh.SIZE19-S (rgt-213ayTypEEGU.
N-1.3:t

o
a

o
a
o
I
o

mm)insidediameter
withtubesg,(2/t38
mm)long.SIZEg+96

o
o
o
I
I

a
o
o
o
a

',,
..

,: , ryreTlofs

,, lt'

@TubularExchangerilanufacturcrsAseociation,Inc,

1-1
,

t',.

t'

o
t

sEcnoN1

o
a
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

NOMENCI.ATURE
HEATEXCHANGER
HGUREfrl-l.2
tloiat 6.0
sr no art tIAo ri-rGl

$l

E
A

ftar so
flc^lr rrtEt

t6

!
I
w|fx

axcoTutsxEr

IYVO PASS SHfU.

toNcirluolNAr t^f fl.f

LtKE"y sl^lKrN^tt

t{cAo

'o

I
I
I

fIXED TUffSI{EFT
uKE.'}f', 5IATIOHAW I{OAD

covEnl

a
o
o

P
H

c
DOUBTE SPttt FIOW

'o

fI.OATI'{G HCAD
w|rH SACX|NG OEVTCE

, , (l

o
.,, a

N
:

,?!J!! Ilnoucfi

Roar$lc,!fiAo

, t h : t: : : i

c
o

CHANNA IMTTGIATWIIH TUgsHtEr ra{, ttl4ov^SrE c@tr

,U.,

:.,

.lX:
;:

SPIESAI..XIGHPREs$.nf CLOSI.II

,,,..,.;.1.,l;
,: j

O
,.i'1.,.'..:':..,:

1.':

w
TEINAT]Y SEAI"ED
l. t,l.itL.OAnNtrj,IlJlESllFFT,,:'ll

:::

. , , , . , ,a, , , O
] , : 1 , . , : : , , .li,i, l '

r':

'

. . : . ' .. :: . '

1-2

1 , , t : , 1i .l " : l : '

1' ', .' ,,..,t'l i

",'t

''I.

. : t ' ' : r ; t, :

,,:'r;
"|

o
o

O
,;,:.,;,=.,,,,..

rnw.lerrorg

@Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association, Inc.

O
.

. , , t , . :(.l ,

a
I

p
lo

lo

HEAT E,(CHAfiIGER
NOiIENCLATURE

lo
lo
lo
l.
l.
lo
It
lo
lo
lo
lo
lo
to

sEcnoil 1

N.2NOIIENCI-ATURE
OFIIEATE(CHAT{GER
OOilPOI{ENTS
Forthepurpoeeot establishing
standardterminology,
FigureN-2illustdes vrarious
typesd hed
exchangers.
Typicalpartsandconnections,
for illuslralivepurposesonly,arenumbered
tor ldenttficdftnin
TableN-2.
TABLE}I.2
1. S-talionaryHeaGchannel
2. StatiionaryHeacl-Bonnet
3. S:tationaryHead Flange-Channelor Bonnet
4. ChannelCover
5. StationaryHead Noz/e
6. StationaryTubesheet
7. Tubes
8. Shell
9. ShellCover
10.ShellFlang+StdionaryHeadEnd
11.ShellFlange-Flear
HeadEnd
12.ShellNozds
13. ShellCoverFlange
14. ElpansionJoint
15.FloatingTubesheet
16.FloatingHeadCover
17.FloatingHeadCoverFlange
18.FloatingHeadBackingDevice
19.SplitShearRing
20. Slip-onBackingFlange

lr

lo
lr
lr
o
a
o
o
a
a
a

21. FloeilingHead Cover-E&md

22. FloatingTubesfieetSkirt
23. PackingBox
24. Pac{dng
25. PackingGhnd
26. Lantem Ring
27. Tierodsand Spacers
28. TransverseBaffles or SupportPlates
29. lmpingementPlate
30. LongitudinalBaffle
31. PassPartition
32. Vent Connec{bn
33. Drain Connection
34. InstrumentConnec{ion
35. SupportSaddle
36. Lifting Lug
37. SupportBracket
38. Weir
39. LiquidLevelConnection
,{0. FloatingHead Support

FIGURE
I&2

o
o
t
I

o
o
o

o
o
a
o
o
o
o

\o

ACI

'
:.1 ., ,'

lYh1o'e

1
':

sEcTtoN1

o
o
a
a
e
a

HEATE(CHANGERNOMENCI-ATURE
FIGUREll-2 (contlnued)

o
o
o
o

a
I

t
I

o
t
a
t
o
t

a
o
o
o
t
I

o
a
o
t

o
o

o
:l
. . . I . 1. : 1 : , , , , ,

,l

. . , . , i , , ,. : : . r . . , , , , ,

1 . : ., . , ,

.:

..- , t

@Tubular
Inc.
ExchangerllanufacturereAseociation,

:,,..' ' r : n i ,.a,,,, O

,,,,.,.'r ,r

ww{.tfltaorg

o
o
I

lo

lo
lo
lo
lr
lo
l.
lo
lo

HEATD(CHAIIGERNOI'ENCLATU
RE

sEcTtoN1

FIGUFEt{-2 (continued)

lo
lo
lr

l.I

o
t

o
I
a
I
a

Arr

o
o
o
a

a
I
a
o
o

AJW

o
o
t

o
I

o
a

o
o
I

o
\O

@TubuhrErchangertanufacturcrc Assoclatlon,Inc.

o
sEcnoN1

HEATEXCHANGER
NOMENCLATURE

a
a

a
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
I

I
I
I

o
t

o
e
o
o

o
o
o
o

o
e

:):::: .:':
1-6

@TubularExchangerllanulacturere Association,lnc,
'
''

o
a
o
o
o
o

o
o
o

HEATB(CHANGER
FABRICANON
TOLERANCES

o
o
o

SECTION2

F-l E'CERI{ALDIIIENSIONS,
NOZZLEAI{DSUPPORT
LOCANOilS
Standardblefianceefor processffournozdesandsupportlocationsandpojectionsaredronn h
FigureF-1. Dimensions
in ( ) aremillimeters.
FIGURE
F.l

t
t

o
a
I

a
t

o
t

o
I
I

Glrru(

{l

14'-J6' TNCLUSTVE 3/t6' 4.8)

6.4)

ilolE lhb buc qpfics.lo. lozrhs conncctingto

ertef'tol dpinq ont

c\l

t\
(\l

d)
+l

(\l

o
o

+l

-i
@

<rl

it

o
o
o
a

6'-12'rNctusrvE 3/32' 2.4)

1.6)

a
o
o
o

t-

o!
aal

+l

*
I'In" ,
il'(0.017 RAD)

tr .rl,l

't':::.:,:.

:: ,,

::

::.

'

, : : : , ' t r , : ,: , , ,

: t ; ' ' . l , . : , . '' , , , , . . '

'.,,
. , , l . , .l . r .

o
o
o
o
I

o
I

'lt ;. ., ,,
,.,,

',,,
::

i. : ,ii ,

YtT'"ry
,'..,....,,,.

2-1
l,

, ', : , , . , ', ,

sEcTtoN
2

a
o
o
a

TOLERANCES
FABRICATION
HEATEXCHAT.IGER

FABRICANON
TOLERAT{CES
F.2 RECOIIMENDED
tolerancesnormallyrequiredto maintainprocessflow nozzleandsupportlocationsares-ttwn
Fabrication
shownin FigureF-'1.
to meetthetolerances
as necssary
in FigureF-2. Thesetohrancesmaybeadjusted
in ( ) aremillimeters.
Dirnensions

a
I
I

o
a
o
a
o
I

tt/t8.2

416.4)
,Jii?'

I
I
I

a
I

a
I

o
o
a
o

: 1: : : : . : ' : : : r :r :

o
o
I
o

i1, .,,.

':;:::r" r: :r. :r

a
a

1r .: ::

,,,,'.' :. '

. : l1 - i' i r : i : : j t

o
'..::.'
. r .,

-2-2 ' . ' :

'''

::

@Tubulerb(Gtangorllanufecfrlrete Areocistion,lnc.
.
.

O
, : ; , , , .; ,t ,' , '1: ; , " ' , : : ' : 1 i : , : . : . . 1 .

wwu.tma.org

a
o

a
o
o

HEATEXCHANGER
FABHICATION
TOLERANCES

o
t
t

sEcTtoN2

F.3TUBESHEETS,
PARTITIONS,
COVERSANDFI.AI{GES
Thestandarddearancesandblerancesapplyingto tubesheets,
partitions,
coversandlages a1BsSorn in
FigureF-3.Dimeflsions
in ( ) aremillimeters.
FIGURE
F.3

I
)

o
o
o

o
I

Ktr .IU

ltP

a
o
a

-l'r-l'F

Mt6'l

-4 rl--

4[N

-TN

o
a

r. $cm 2 6 xor m000 I0 PgIflr

u|ffsffn IE9Gxfs
f,tt rw
coYfnFrafs. fim
m rus
TUInrct 6 Sllln 0{ R{.
2. T8G^IUE
IOUn|lE Sru MTT
O$EIftJfDIO |f,AI III^TFU.
0r$6{)i6 cr tr u$i ltfl{ tHAr

o
o

a
o
a
D
I

REq[ftD8Ymnt crtolt IEt6.

r Fm ExFffru clilErs.torrllt'
16[6bimul,(tt}[qt-

r. tErrls rfff,Imc,|.rro m i$r

PtrcrrIErltt rEE$ fi{r Eu|li
.iGl mt rUGqntYEqmff.
5. flnrms-qq f 0_5?_0
E,{f ff6o)
rtrfiresulrrYdrEDqrEIm.
ffiffi[D ru rr^5lt4.
;:,r,::
lir.,
';, ljt,,:,,r,i
,:. : , :1,; ,;r,,;
,,.,,,,,',;,
,t,,;1.1,..'.'.
;,r,,,
unEt).

o
I

.,,i::l:r,::ll:..:t

a
a
o
o
o

:, t.,,.
, , ' , : : , . '' ' t t '

2-3

sEcnoN2

o
o
a
o

TOLERANCES
FABBrcANON
HEATE)(CHANGER
RGUREF.T

FACINGFINISH
IN FTANGE
IMPERFCTIONS
PERMISSIBTE
1'2
FLANGES
FEMALE
AND
I.ARGE
MALE
FACE
AND
FORMISED

of
MaximumRadialProiections
WhichAreNo
lmperfections
DeeperThanthe Bottomof the
in.(mm)
Senations,
112
314
1
1-114
1-112

118
1/8 (3.2)
1/8 (3.2)
1/8 (3.2)
1B (3.2)

6
1/16
1/16
1/16
1/16

(1.6)
(1.6)
(1.6)
(1.6)
(1.6)

(3.2)
(3.2)
(4.8)
(6.4)
114 (6.4)

1/16
1/16
1/16
1/8
118

(1.6)
(1.6)
(1.6)
(3.2)
(3.2)

1/4
5/16
5/16
5/16

14
16
18
N
24

5/r6 (7.e)
(e.5)
3/8 '(12,4
112
1t2 (12.I
112 (2.n

I
C

a
e
a
I

U8
,v8 (3.2)

1/4 6.4)

5
6
I
10
12

Depthand Radial
Maximum
of lmperfections
Proiec'tion
the
WhichAreDeeperThan
in.(mm)
Bottomof theSerrations,

118
1/8
3/16
'U4

2
2-112
3
s-112

(3.2)
1/8 (3.2)
3/16 (4.8)
3/16 (4.8)

(6.4)
(7.e)
(7.eJ
(7.s)

3/16
3/16
, 114
114
114

I
I

(4.8)
(4.8)
(6.4)
(6.4)
(6.4)

o
a
a
I

iii':l,ii ::ll::ii, 1.'.',

'i,rlr..i:

la,

a
a
t
o
o
o
o

t',':t'
,:@1i, 't;"",1
"

a
e
a

SketchshowingRadialProjectedLength(RPL)senabdgasketfacedamage
; , -, , , ,
@TubularExchange llanufrcturcrs Association,Inc.
24
i : ,i i j t , a ! : l t i : ; : , , ' l , l ' , , r ' , , ' 1 ' , '

,,.l

'i,,',,:.,,,
':..,1

www.tena.o{g
1'l.

,I

t : :. , , , .

a
;

a
t

o
o

GENERAL
FABRTCATION
AIID PERFORMANCE
INFORIIATPIIISECTION
3

t
t

DEFINMONS
T-

2.

o
o
o

3.
4.

5.

a
a
t

7.

I
I

B.
9.

10.

a
o

11.

a
o
a

12.
13.
14.

c
I
o
o
I
o

. l ' , ' 1 ,. . . ' , ,

'
: : . ] 1 . :. : , '
i: ;,: :. r.::i

Baffleis a deviceto directtheshellsidefluidacrossthetubesfor optimumheattransfer8a1.fl9

andSupportPlateTubeHoleClearance
is thediambtraldifferencebetrreenttrerunirrd h.OeoD
andthe nomindtubeholediameterin thebaffleor supportplate
gPqgqltdlamaqqg
areindirectliabilitieslyingoutsidetheheatexchangermrudactrab sHed
eguipment
wanantyobligations.
DoubleTubesheet
Construction
is a typeof construction
in wtrichtwo(2) spacedtrbecfieetsorequivalent
areemployedin lieuof the singtetubesheetat oneor bothenosot the'h'eai;ict
EffectiveShellandTubeSidqDesionPrqssures
""d.
arethe resuftantloadvaluesexpresred
a rrrfum
prssuresusedin thedetermination
of fubesheet
thic*nesslor lixedtubesheahbatedrar4ers ar16are
functionsof theshellsidedesignpressure,thetubeskjedesignpressure,the
Annrer,fi.f
pressureandtheequivalentboltingpressure.
expansion
"q"i*f*rt
Eouivalent
BoltinoPressureis.tfie.pressure
equivalentresultinglromfre effectsof boftingloadsimposed
onfubesheets
in a fixedfubesheetheatexchanger
wtrenthetubesheetsareextendedfor boltingas
flangedconnections.
ge is thepressureequivalent
resultingfromtheeftctof
healexchanger
imposedby the restraintof dilferential
hema

16.
,'

17.
18..

it t,a'',,,,"'l'.:

19.

20.
;:,.:,
' ', :

tosuppoll.ot"o," toreduce
unsr,rpported
tube
sRan
wrrhq{
considqnrion
.9r

trtrffii.ldevice
Tubesheet
Liqamentis the shortestdistancebetweenedgeof adjacentfubeholesin rre t oe patenr.
weldedrube Jointis a tube-to-tubesheet
jointwherethotubeis weldedto thetubeshet

'

: , . : , ;::: , . ,::: .::, ,

: ':: ...: .:

a
o
t

t
o

@TubularExchangerlllanufacturersAssoclation,Inc.

&1

o
o

o
a

INFORMANON
ANDPERFORMANCE
SECTION3 GENERALFABRICATION
SPEClFlS4;nqN$EET
G-s.2HEATEXCHA]IGER
FTGURE

a
I

o
J

a
I

o
t

I
I
I
t

,o
e
.O

,,c
o
o
.,,I

,io

a
a

wvr.tema.olg
,:

t i , , : i. ' i : .

l: ,

O
. l. l: ; l a

o
t

o
I

GENERAT
FABRICATION
ANDPERFORMANCE
INFORi'ATx)il SECTKN:

FIGUREG-5.2II HEATE(CHAIIGERSPECIFTCATIOT{
SHEET

o
a
t

ol{E uNtT

o
I

o
f
a
o
o
o
o
a
I

a
o

';; '1,

o
I
I

, 11 , I

'.'''.1q,'.

t,,

o
I

'u,i'i,,',i,

'.:'

; , , , ., 1 : ; , 1

a
a

3{l
:1.': :,1,:.,...,.
:

INFORMATION
ANDPERFORMANCE
FABRICATION
3 GENERAL
SECTION

a
o

G.l SHOPOPERATION
in conformitywith
of t|e manufacturer
Thedetailedmeffiodsof shopoperationareleftto the dis-cretion
theseStandards.

G-2tt{sPEcnoN

t
t

a
a
IHSPECTION
G-2.2PURCHASER'S
duringfabricationandto witnpssanylesb
purciaser
havetherightto makeinspections
shall
The
'
shallbegivenas agfeedbetweenthe
whenhe hasso requested,Advancenotificaflon
o{
shallnotrelievethemanufacturer
bythepurchaser
Inspection
andlhe purchaser.
manufacturer
abovethosealreadyagreedb,
Anyadditionaltestsrequiredbythe purchaser,
his responsibilities.
account.Costfor remedialworkas a resultof iheseadditionalteatswill
willbe to the purcfraset's
account.
alsobe to thepurchaser's

o
I

G3 NAITEPLATES
G-3.1ilAilUFACTUREFSNAiIE PLATE
attached
nameplateof conosionresislantmaterialshallbe permarlently
A suitablemanufacture/s
manulactured
to the headendor the shellof eachTEMAexchanger.Nameplateslor exchangers
(300series)stainless.WhenInsulation
in aeordancewittrClasses'R'and '8" shallbeaustenitic
the namepla{eshallbe attachedto a brackstweldedto the
thicknessis specitiedbythepurchaser,
exchanger.
G.3.11NAI'E PLATEDATA

I
I
I
I
I

t
t

a
o

User'sordernumber
G.312

wnereI |s penlnenllo m
IntormalKrn
shallsupplysupplemefltal
Themanufacturer
to
operationor testingof theexchanger'Thiswouldincludeinlonnationpertaining
forfued
decl'g anOtestpresslie conditilns,restrictionson operatingconditions
differen-tial
tlpe o<cfnngers,or otrer restricliveconditionsapplicableto the de[n and/or
tr.rbesheet
canbe notedon thenameplate
operationof the unitor its componeots.Suchinformation
plateattacfredb the exchangerat the nameplatelocation.
or on a supplemental

a
I
,r
It
O
a

NAI{EPIATE
PURCHASER'S
,,
rdter
byfie purchaser
andsupplement
nameplates,whenused,areto be subplied
Purc-haset's
ttranreplacethe manufacfire/snameplate.
g-4 DRAW|NGS
AIID ASIIE CODEDATAREP9BTIi
:
,
,
,
CHAIIGE
FORAFPROVAIAI'ID
G4.1 DRAWINGS
three(3) printsof an oudinedrawing
shallsubmitfor prrcfiasedsapprorral
Themanuf,acturer
sudrb'and weight,Qtherdlaprnf,tt"y
shoringnorzlesizesandlocations,owrall dimensjons,
. r ::::::.:
lt is anticipated
hat a
be fumishedas agreeduponbytre Ourcfiaseihnd:themanufactqrbrnumberof minordrawingcfiangesmaybe requiredat thd time.Changees$sequent
reasonable

t
o
:
a
I
..,,jt.,;,,. I

o
o

'f,,,,,,,.

.:.'..' .

'
:l 1.,,,'.
a

o
l

o
o
a
a

GENERAL
FABRICANON
ANDPERFORilAT.ICE
INFORiiANOil SECTION3
G-4.2DRAI'VINGS
FORRECORD
Afterappronl of drawings,the manulacturer
shallfumishthree(3) printsor. d t$sopthn,a
fansparencyof all approveddrawings.
G-43PBOPRIETARY
RIGHTS
TO DFAWNGS
Thedrmringsandfte deoQnindicatedby themareto be consadered
the proprtydt
maniriacfurer
andarenotlo be usedor reproduced
withouthis permission,
s@etrbytrregrctraser
lor hh ownintemaluse.
G4.4 AStrECODEDATAREPORTS
Aftercompletionof fabrication
andinspection
of ASMEGodestampedexc*rangers,
the
manufiac'turer
shallfumishthree(3) copieaol theASMEManufacturer's
OataReport
G-5GUARAI{TEES

I
t

o
I

o
a
o

G.1 GEiIERAL \

The\pecilicterinsol the guarantees

shouldbe agreeduponby the manufacturer
andpurchaser.
Unlessothenviseagreeduponby the manufiacturer
andpurchaser,
the followingparagraphs
in this
seclonwill be applicable.
G.5' PERFORT{AI{CE
Thepurcfiasershallfumishthe manufactrrer
withall infonnationneededfor dearurderstandingof
performance
requirements,
includinganyspecialrequhements.
Themanr-fuurershallguarantee
hermalperfonnance
an! mechanical
designof a heatexchanger,
whenoperatedd thedesign
conditions
speciliedby the purchaserin hisorder,or shownon the exchangerspecification
sheet
(FigureG-5.2,G-5.2M).
fumished
bythemanufacturer
Thisguarantee
shaliexterdfora periodof
tnelve('t2)monthsaftershipping
date.Themanufacturer
shallassumeno responsibility
lor
excessive
foulingof theapparatusby materialsuchas coke,silt scale,or anyforeQnsubstance
thatmaybe deposited.Thethermalguarantee
shallnotbe applicableto exchangers
wherethe
thermalperlormance
ratingwasmadebythepurchaser.

o
o
a
a

o
a
o
t

G.22 DEFECTIVE
PARTS

o
o

O -:

o:

t
I

o
I

a
I
I

a
o
a

,o

\r

,'r ,
Themanufacfurer
shallnot be heldliablefor anyindirector consequential
damage.
G.4

ild##il*i;;ffi*#;iiurur.io"*uaoa*a;,*n;ffi**;

:'

dueto corrosion,erosion,flowinducedfubelbration, or anyofrer causes,regadesscf urftan

suchdeterioration
occursafterleavinghe manufacture/s
premises,o<cegasprov*tedfur in

Whenreplacernent
or sparetJbe bundles,shells,or crtrerpartsarepurcfiase4fte csufurer
b
b Waranteesatisfacbryfit of sucfrpartsonlyil he wastheoriginalmanuhctrer. Farb ffirtated
to &a@s fumishedby the purctcer shallbe guaranteed
to meetthe &ngl*rs anOut*arces
specified.

a
o
a

INFORMATION
SECNON3 GENERALFABRrcANONANDPERFORMANCE
FORS}IIPIIENT
G{ PREPARANOil
OF HEATEXCHAI{GERS

G6.1 CIEAI{ING
lntemalandextemalsurfacesareto befreelrom loooescaleandotherforeignmaterialthatis
readilyremorrable
by handor potrefbrushing.

t
o

G.2 DRAIT{IilG
Water,oil, or otherliqrkls usedfor deaningor hydrostatic
testingareto be drainedfromall units
betoreshignent.Thisis notto implydrattheunitsmuslbecompldelydry.

a
a
e
a
e

G.3 FI-AT{GE
PROTECTrcfl
and
All exposedmachinedcontactsurfacesshallbe coatedwitha removablerustpreventative
protectedagainslmechanical
damageby zuitable@vers.
G.6.4THREADED
CONIIECTIOI.I
PROTEqNON
Allthreadedconnections
areto be suitablyplugged.
G.6.5DAI'AGEPROTECNON
potectedto preventdamagedur* ,
Theexcftangerandanysparepartsareto be suitiably
.
shipment.

o
o
o
o

G.6 EXPAIISIONJOII{TPROTECNOil
bdernalthin walledepansion belbwsshallbe eqipped witha protectivecoverwhichdoesnd
restrainmoverneflt.
FEATURES
HEATE(CHAT{GERS
CONSTRUCTION
OFTEMASTANDARD
G.7GENERAL

G-7.TSUPPORTS
All heatexctangersareto be providedwithsupports.
*G-7.1
1 HORIZONTAL
UNITS

O
]

Thesuppoilsshouldbe designed
to accommodate
theweightoJtheunitandcontents,
includingthefloodedweightduringhydrostatic
test
tubebundles,
supports
shouldbe designed
to withstand
a pulling
Forunitswithremovable
forceequdto 1-1l2timestheweigtrtof lhetubebundte.
Forpurpoces
of supportdesign,forceslromextemalnozzleloadings,
windandseismic
detailsthe
evefltsareassumedto be negligibleunlessthepurchaserspecifically
requirements.
Whentheseadditionalloadsandforcesarrequiredto be considered,
the
neednol be assumedto ocnrrsimultaneously.
cornbinations

a
t

o
I

a
o
o

Horizontalunitsarenormallyprovidedwithat lasttwo saddletypesupports,withholesfor

, ,,

.G-7.12VERnCALUt{tTS
VerticalunitsqrebbeprovldedwifrsupportsaOeqmteto,meetdes6niequiryrnents.
The .
may
of
fie
lug,
annular
ring,
leg
or
skirt
type.
lf
fte
unft
b
to
be
located
in
supporb
be
a
sffucture,the supportsshouldbe of sufficientsizeto allowdearancefor the
supporting
bodvflanoes.

r
o

o
a
o
o
t
a

@TubularExchangerllanufacturers Astoclation, Inc.

wn*tfli&ofg

o
t

ta

o
o
a
a
t

GENERAL
FABRICATION
ANDPERFORMANCE
INFORilANONSECTION3
G.7.13REFERENCES
(1) ZidqL P.,'StressesinlargeHorizontal
Cy,lindrical
Pressu.e
VessehanTro Sadde
Supports,'PressureVesselandpiping;DesignandAnalysb,ASME,l9?Z
(2) Vinet R., andDore,R., 'stressesandDeformations
in a CylindricalShe'[Limgon a
Gontinuous
Rigidsupport,' paperNo.zs-AM-l, Joumalof AppliedMecfunics,Trarrs.
ASME.
(3) Krupka,V., "AnAnalpis lor Lugor SaddleSupportedCylin&icatPressseVeseds,'
Proceedings
of the FirstIntemational
Conference
on PrssureVessdTecfurobg%
pp.
49100.
(4) Singh,K' P., Soler,A. 1.,'Mechanical
Designof HeatExchangers
ard Pressure
Vesset
publishers,
Components,"
Chapter12,Arcturus
Inc.
(5) Eijlaard,P. P., 'StressesfromLocalLoadingsin Gylindricat
PressureVessds,.Trans.
ASME,Vol.77,No.6,(August
195S).
(6) Wichman,
K. R., Hopper,
A. G., andMershon,
J. L., "LocalStresses
h Spherical
and
Cylindrical
Shellsdueto Extemat
Loadings,'Welding
Hesearch
Council,
&.dltjn
No. 107.
Rerr.1.
(7) Rodabaugh,
E.C., Dodge,W. G.,andMoore,S. E.,"stfessIndicesd l_4 Supports
on
PipingSystems,'Welding
Researcfi
CouncilBulletinNo.i9g.
(8) Brownell,
L E., andYomg,E.H., .processEquipment
Design,,'JohnWfley& Sorrs
Inc.
(9) Jawad'M. H., andFan,J. R.,"structurar
Anarysis
andDesignof processEquipment,.
JohnWileyandSons,Inc.,1984.
(10)Bednar,
H. H.,'Pressure
VesselDesignHandbook,"
VanNostrand
Reinhold
Cornpany.
(11) Blodgett,
o. w., "Design
orwerdedstructures,'
TheJamesF. Lincorn
Arcwerding
Foundation,
1966.
(12)Moss,DennisR.,"Pressure
vesselDesignManual,"
19g7,Gulfpublishing
company.
rG.7.2LIFTING
DEVIGES

o
I

a
o
I

a
t
I

t
I

o
I
)

I
C

o
a

o
a
o
I

t
I

o
o
I
I

'-,'

i.t ,:' ':',

I:...l

,.

Forwindandseisrniciorcesto beconsideredin the designof a heatg(dtangr,llc prrdreer

mustspecifyin,therquiry thedesignrequirements.
Ths'RecommenaeO
eooA*a&:e. sedionof

ffif"Hlffi.,ludr'edesig;;;il';.dk;'i;;ffi ";j;;;J;;ffi

t
a

o
o
e
o

utwv'tema'olg
@tTup'q'$
exctlnsg1'::':i'1'' ,''i

;;

a
o

INFORMATION
SECTION3 GENERATFABRICATION
ANDPERFORMANCE

a
l
I

a
t
J

o
t

a
o
o
I
I

o
)

o
t

o
a
a
I

.l

, t . L ti t

'..:

.l.

o
o
I
o

';.

: , , 1 l; ' ' 1 , , r,: ,

:i ,;. ,

:: l'l

::

: : : : ,r ' r , , '
,,
,:

':;
:: : ,
, t, ,, , ,, ,, ,'
,
,.,r : .r:
i

, , , ,l,, ; , : ' . . ,

"

':'

@TubularExchangerllanufacturersAesociation,Inc-

3-8
.: ,.t:

ii
i ,.,,.l l t..,' .:l 1' i

,,1rl ,,1' :;,..:

'::::..l::

,:

i,
,,,, ,,:.:,, .:

:,r ,]

:'.

:'

:'i::

' , , t ,' , a t t L

:'':,

a
t

, , ', , : , ; . ; . : '. r ,

',l,
I
:,,'.:;ll,::,.

',
,,,r,, ::,;,,".,-,:;'t:::,:t::i,':i

'o

,ry:S"'q9,,
. ,,,,,O
:::
, , , f , : .j .

..:,'.'

l,

.l

o
I

'-a

O
(D
I

a
t
I

t
)
)

o
a
t
I

tNsTAtt ATtoN,OPERAnON,
ANDMATNTENANCE

sEcTtofl4

E-l PERFORiIAiICE
OFHEATE(CHAI-|GERS
Sdisfactoryoperdionof heatexc'hangers
canbeobtainedonlytromunitswhichare pmperlydex{lnedand
havebuilt-inquality.Conectinstallation
andprerrentive
maintenan@
areuserresponi{ime&
E-I.l PERFCNf,AilCE
FAILURES
Theteilureof heatexcfranger
equipment
to performsatisfac-torily
maybe causedbyme tr mo.
factors,sucfias:
(1)Excessive
fouling.
(2)Ak or gasbindingresuhingfromimprcperpipinginstatlation
or lackof suitat*errerils.
(3)Operating
condilionsdifferingfromdesignconditions.
(4)Maldisfibutionol flowin the unit.
(5)E<cessive
clearances
betweenthebafflesandshetland/ortubes,dueto conosion.
(6)lmproper
thermaldesign,
TheuserrsbestassulanceoJsatisfactory
performance
liesin dependence
uponmanufiact:rers
competent
in the designandfabrir:ation
of heattransferequipment.
E-2INSTALLATION
OFHEATD(CHANGERS
E-2.I HEATEI(CHANGER
SETNilGS
E.2.I1 CLEARAI,ICE
FORDISiIAIITUNG

t
t

For sfiaigfit tube excharqers litted with removablebundles,prwlde sufficientcleoance

- -- at
the statbnary headend to permil rernovalol the bundle frorn the shelt anOproviae
adequatespace beyondthe rear head to permit removalof the shell ooverand/orfloatiq
head cover.
For fixed fubeshee!exchangers,providesufficientdearance at one end b permit

o
O

wifrdrawat
andreptaoemeni"r
ti,l,t,ii.i, J.J;;;"6 ;ali ;ilid-*"

*"0

,r,"

oppositeend to permit removalof fie bonnetor channei cover.

",
For U-tubeheate.xctangers,providesutlicientclearanceat the stationaryheadendto
permitwithdrawalof the tube bundle,or at the oppositeend to permitremovalof the
she1.
E-2.12FOUNDATIONS

e
I

a
I

E-2.1
3 Four{DArltrBg:r:
Foundation
bohsshouldbe loosenedat oneendol tlre unitb allowfreeeoansionof
shells.Slofredholeoin supportsare providedfor this purpose.

'

I
I

o
I

1:tr;:'":l ;' ,t ;;,' ,,1

,,,,i ,,j,f,

'',,,
E-*zornrliitovAL'i

'

r:,

'

,' ,

,,'

Theentiresystemsfrould.be
dean beforestartingoperation.undersdne srdbrNs, ttrc
useof strainersin the pipingmaybe required.

.r'

I
t

t'

All exchanger
openingsshouldbe inspected
for toreignmaterial.protdiveduos arxl
coversshoqtdnotbe rernoved
just
prior
until
to installation.
',,i

;,. ,,,.' 1r,,,.,,.i

,t .1i,

.,.t1:

con,enientmeanssfrould.
be prwidedfor deaningthe unitas a4rgestedrnder
'Maintenance
paragraphEa.
of HeatExchangers,.
: , . , , :.,' ,. ," ,
1,

o
O

o
o
a

Tfl.bla.9'q

+l
:. ,1. ,.: ..:, ,r.:1,

sEcTloN4

o
a
a
a

INSTALLANON,
OPERATION,
ANDMAINTENANCE

AT{DPIPIHG
E.2.3FITTINGS
E.23I EY+ASSVAL\IES
to providevalvesandby-passesin thepipings),stemto
It maybe desirablef,orpurchaser
permitinspection
andrepairs.

E-232TESTCO0IilECflONS
lA/hennotintegralwiththe oxcfiangernozles, themometerwellandpressuregage
shouldbe installedcloseto the exchangerin the inletandwtlet piping.
connections

o
e
a

E-2.3itlrEt{Ts
Venlvalvesshouldbe providdby purchaserso unitscanbe purgedto Preventvaporor
gasbinding.Specialconsideration
mustbe givento dischargeol hazardous
or toxb ffuitls.
E.2.34DRANS
or intoa vessdat lowerpressure.
if permissible,
to atmosphere,
Drainsmaydischarge
closedmanifold.
Theyshouldnotbepipedto a common

t
I
I

E.235 PUISANONAT{DVIBRANOfl
i:aie shouldbehken to eliminateor minimizetransmission
d fuid
In all installations,
pulsationsandmecfianical
vibrations
to the heatexchangers.

E.2.36SAFEWREUEFDEVICES
lor safetyrelie{devices.Whenspecifiedbyfie
TheASMECodedefinesthe requirements
purchaser,
lor the safetyrelief
willprovidethe necessary@nnections
the manufacturer
will be specifiedby the purchaser.
devices.Thesizeandtypeol therequiredconnectfums

t
o

ANDOPERATING
CONDITIONS
E.3.1DESIGN
onthe nameplate(s).
at conditions
whichexceedthosespecified
Equipment
mustnotbe operated

a
a

PROCEDURES
E-3.2OPERATING
referenceshouldbe madeb the$(changerdrawings,
Beloreplacinganyexchangerin operation,
specification
stet(s)andnalneplate(s)for anyspecialinstructiwts.local saletyandhealh
parlbular{yof fxed '
regr-ilatir:ns
mustbe oonsidercd.lmproperstart-upor shutdownsequences,
and/orboltedflangedjoints.
tubesheetunits,maycauseleakingof trbe-to-tubeshet

'

E-3.21START.UPOPERANOil

I
I

o
o

t
i.

:,:

'

l.:,t:111

itb'

or cotrostoft

waFhammercmdensate

'i'"'f

'

:',"'.

i'
,: ,' : ,

'

a
a

o
t

+2

t
I

o
t

'D
I

|NSTALLAnON,
OPERATTON,
ANDMA|NTENAI{CE

a
t

sBcTtoN4

E.3.23TEMPERATURE
SHOCKS
Exciangersnormallyshouldnotbe subjected
to abrud trnprafiJre
fludrdima ]bftrid
mustnotbe suddenlyintroduced
whentheunitis cold,norcoldllukl sdderdyifrqrced
whenlheunitis hot.

o
a

E-3.24BOLTEDJOII{TS
Heatexchangers
areprGsuretestedbe{oreleavinglhe manufacfi.rrer,s
shopil
accordance
widrASMECoderequirements.
Howener,nomal rdaxingof thegad<ded
jointsmayoccxrrin the intervalbetweentestingin the manufaclurer's
$ropad igldon
at fte jobsite.Therefore,all extemalbohedjointsmayrequirerdigtrtni altsr-Wdlon
and,if necessary,
afterthe o<changer
hasreachedoperatingtempefdrrcE-3.24-1lt is possiblefor the boltstressto decreaseafterinfial tightenmg,
bcared
slowcreepor relaxation
of thegasket,paniculadyin the casecrflhesfr gasket
materials.
E-5.24.2 Excessive
initialbohstresscancauseyieldingof theboltitselt.Thisis eopecially
likelywithbolb ot smalldiameteror boltinghavingrelativelybw yieldvakres
suc{ras stainlesssteels.

o
a
I

t
t
I

E'5 RECOTIIMENDED
BOLTT|GHTENING
PROCETIT'RE
E-3.25.1 Al gasketjointsurfacesshallbe cleanandlree of oil or debris.lf tfie gasket
requiresassistance
greaseshallnotbe used.
to be heldin placefor installation,
Anytapeappliedto a spiralwoundgasketfor shippingor assanbly$rdl be
removedpriorto instgllingthegasket.No tape,stringor oiherobjectwillbe
allowedto remainon thegaskelsurfaceonceassemblyis complete.
E-3.25.2Thoroughly
cleanfireads,nutlacesandthellangewherenutiacebears.lf
roughness,
burrsor anyirregularity
is present,
dressit outto assmooth
a surface
as possible.
E-3.25.3Thoro.rghly
lubricate
threadson studs,nutsandcontacting
surfaces
onnutsand
flange.
E-3.254 Thejointshallbesnugged
upsquarely
so theenlireflangefru bearsuniformly
theSasket . ,,',.,
gn
_
E-3.25-5Tightening
of theUblGsnanbeappliedin at leastthreeequallyspaced
increments
usinga crossboltingpatternas illustrated
in FigureE-3.2S.S.

o
I

a
o

o
t
t

o
)

e
o
I
f

o
o
t

O
C

.,

'::

,.t;:;

'l"i"r'i'::

o
o
a

'' ' :,.l,,

,r,:

.:

' . . : :t . l:'

",r:

. . . t, ' : r , . '

www.t6ma.ofg
' : , ,,
,,,,,'.,
,,
::: :

jl-.3
f,,'Lir.
i::...i'', i,

a
o
a

AI,IDMAINTENANCE
INSTALLANON,OPEHATION,

FIGURE
E-325.5

o
a

STARf
I

o
I

N,

:lg

+Ei

#b

'lQ

',2\Q

ttN

/;'
J7

23

52a5GTfi

ro I J

I
I
I
I

o
t

I
I

?6
I

e
a

2l

a
)

I
E.4.1INSFECTION
OFUHIT
comdetestoppageof flowthroughsometubeswhichcouldcauseseverethermalstrains,leaking
Sacrificialanodes,whenprovided,shouldbe
tubejoints,or structrraldamageto othercomponents.
should be deaned oJreplaced.
'

Exctrangers
subiectto foulingor scalingshorld bedeanedperiodically.A lightsludgeor
shoid first be checkedfor air or vaporbindingto confrrnthatthisis notthecausefor tre

I
l
t
I

a
a
I

:
44
I

ri, :

:,

,,::

@TubularExchangertanufac{urers Association,lnc.
:::

: . , , , i : . i , , , , ,, , , , , ,t,D
'

O
YT',!,1T"'s
,,,,,,
,,.
',,1
",':
.',', :",,

a
t

|NSTALLAnON,
OPERAnON,ANDMAr{TENANCE

sEcTtoN4

E.{.I2 DISASSEI'BLYFOR IHSPECNONOR CLEANIHG

Beforedisassembly,
the usermustassurehimselfthatthe unithasbeendqree*ized,
ventedanddrained,neufalizedand/orpurgedof hazardousmaterial.
To inspectthe insideol fre tubesandalsomakethemaccessiblefor clear*rg,lhe
followingprocedures
shouldbe used:
(1) SiationaryHeadEnd
(a) TypeA, C, D & N, remorecoveronly
(b) TypeB, rernovebonnet
(2) RearHeadEnd
(4 Typel- N & P, removecoveronly
(b) TypeM, removebonnet
{c) Tpe S & T, removeshellcoverandfloatingheadcover
(d) TypeW, removechannelcoveror bonnet
E{,13 LOCATING
TUBELEAKS
Thefollowingprocedures
maybe usedto locateperloratedor splittubsan<tteakingjoints
behfleentubesandfubesheeG.In moslcases,theentirefrontiace of eacfrtubeshiei will
beaccssible
lor inspection.
Thepointwfrerewaterescapesindicatesa defec-tive
fube or
pint
tub+to-tubesheet
(1)Unitswithremovable
channel
cover:Remove
channelootrerandapplyhydraulic
pressure
in theshell.
(2)Unitswih bonnettypehead: Forfixedtrbsheet unitswheretube6heets
arean
fteoral.na1of theshell,removebonnetandapplyhydraulicpressureh theshell. For
fxed tubesheetunitswheretubesheebare notan intregral
partof theshdl andfor units
withremovable
bundles,
removebonnet,r+bolttubeshLet
to shellor installtestflanoe

o
I
I
I
I
)

I
t,

o
o
I
)

g -gl3ld:whicheveris applicable,and applyhydraulicpressurein the shell. See Figire

a
a
o
t

r:

(3)units wifr Types or T foatinghead: Removechannelcoveror bonnt,shellcoverand

.,.' i' ...'; .,1

t
,

i,t,:,,1,',;,
,';:'':,t ::::

I
I

by sighting
throughthetubelanes.Caremu$beexercised
lormsmaymenoe tocated
Mrentestingpartialyas_embled
exchangers
to prwent overextdnsistof egnSi,on
,
jointsor overloading
of trbes and/ortube-to-tubesneet
ioints.
(4)Hydrostatic
trestshouldbe performedsotrat tfretemperdrreof themd b orer 60 F
. *SBr:iljH.tthematerialso!cons{uctimhavealowernilductilitvtdtsilbn,,,,

I
O'

o
o

":t'ii,,'n']r.

'

''''
,' ,,,,:,1

t
o

\r

1 . ,, ; t l . 1: '

i1,::

''
i;,,,:',;,.,
;',".',,,,
,,,'.,1
4-5
',,r,,,
,i"a,,

O
I

sEcnoN4

a
ANDMAINTENANCE
OPERANON,
INSTALI.ATION,

J
J

E4.1}2
FIGURE

a
a
a

rEST AI'{G

I
FLOATII{G TIJSES}EET

FLAI*GE- FEAF

rc^o Ero

a
t
I
I
I

o
t

'

o
a
a
a

damageduringremovalof a tubebundlefroma shell,a pullingdeviceshouldbe

To avoidpossible
screwedintothetubesheet,fl thetubesfieetdoesnot havetappedholesfor
to
eyebolts
,attached
eyebolts,Ste6lrodsor cablesinsertedthroughtubesandattachedto bearingplatesmaybe used.
to preventdamageto
Thebundleshorldbe supportedon thetubebaffles,supportsor tubesheets
thiubes.

TUBEBUNDLES
E.4.3CLEANING

t
I
I
I
t
I

performance.
Convenisrtmeanslor cleaningshouldbe madeavailable.
satisfac.tory
mehods. Themeffiod
may
be
deaned
by eifrerchemicalor mechanical
lleat o<changers

''

:,

,,

..

rr

thatmaYbe considered:
(1)Circulatinghotwashoil or lightdislillatethroughtubesor shellal highvelocitymay
:
,d!$irrelyremo\r6sludgeolsiqrilarsoftdeposib.
(2)Somesaltdepooitsmaybe washedantby circulatinghotfresh'water.
areavailablelor removingslu@eor scalegovided
(3)Commercial
deaningcompounds
resufts,
hotwaShoil or wateriSnotavailableor doesnol givesatis{ac'tory

o
a
I

andofter medranicalmeansfor
coke,or otherdeposits.

o
., ..1.'.''1
:''1,tD
: r r ; :: :
:

!l,l:
o

O
,,,,
' . ,,Yfq'ls!'o'9',,,,,,',,
'
:
,
"
: ' . : .i : i
:: :lI
I

INSTALLANON,
OPERATION,
AI.IDUAINTENANCE

sEcTtoN4

E.4.32CLEAT{II{GPRECAUTIONS

(1) Tubesshouldnotbe cleanedby blowingsteamthroughindividual

t 66 s-E tis heats
thetubeandmayresultin severeoeansionstrain,deformatbnof rhetse, or
looseningof thetube,to-fi.rbestreet
irint.
(2)Whenmecfianically
cleaninga tubebundle,careshorld be exercised
to avoirl
damaging
thetubes.
(3)cleaningcompounds
mustbe compatibre
withtre metallurgyof therd,flEe..
E4.4 TUBEEXPAI,IDNNG
A suitabletubeexpandershouldbe usedto tightena leakingtubejoint.CaredrorJdbetaken
b
ensurelhatfubesarenotoverexpanded.
E.4.5GASKET
REPLACEMENT
cleanedand shoutdbefreed scrddresand
93.k$--9 S":kd surfacesshouldbethoroughly
oher defects.Gasketsshouldbe properlypositionedbeforeattemptingto retightenbofts.lt is
recommended
lhat whena heatexchanger
is dismantled
for any czuselit be rEassernbled
with new
gaskets:Thiswilltendto preventfutureleaksand/ordamagetothe gaskaseatingsurfaces
of f,e
-hed gxchanger.Composition
gasketsbecomedriedoutaid brifle io triattlreyoo na awafs
plovidean effeclivesealwhenreused.Metalor metaljacketedgaskets,wfren
compresseo
nirAffV,
flou,to matchtheircontac'tsurfaces.tn so doingtheyareworkharoeneoana,it ieu-seo,
may
providean imperfectsealor resuftin deiormation
anddamageto the gaskacontactsl;eF.i of ttre
exc*ranger.
Bohedjointsandflangesaredesignedfor usewiththeparticutartypeol gaskfspecified.
Substitution
of a gasketof differentconstruction
or improper
direniions iiiy ieui6 in leakageand
damage
to gasketsurfaces.Therefore,
anygasketsubsiitutions
shouldbe;f d;Dafible desion.
Anyleakage
at a gasketed
andnotpermitted
lointshouldbe rectified
b persistasit nry,*,rf i;
damageto thegasketsurfaces.
M.etal
iacketedtypegasketsarewidelyused.Whentheseare usedwitha tongueandgoove ioint
withoutanubbin,the.gasket
shouldbe installed
sothatthetongueoearsonfrL seamtess
sideof
InegasKet
Jacket.whena nubbinis used,thenubbinshouldbearontheseamless
side.
E-.4.6
DIAPHRAGM
INSTALLATION
PROCEDURE

t
I

o
I

e
a
t
t
]

o
I

o
a
a
i

a
o
)

t
t
I

(4)Uquidpene&antinspectweldagainder tighteningstuds.
t.' ," ,

,,,'
.., ,,;,

i::'::... :' ::'

: . :: t : r

; . r 'j : . : ,
,:,,,:t

o
a

In u'tube heatedranoers, an! gfrer_exghangers

of specialdesign,it mayndbefeaslreb

I
r'

o
I
rD

,. .r , , .

.,

.,

,1.. 1 ,.,

,,'

,.

..

'

l:.t.,l

': :'t.
. ::,;,

o
t
o

StT,igq
.,',,r',,;,'.,

Inc.
:

. ,

, :,,:.: ,::.j .1,

:l :

' , :i

+7 ':
l,:rl'.

sEcnoN4

OPERAilON,ANDMAINTENANCE
II,ISTALLATION,

o
o
a
a

o
a
a
I

t
f

o
a
a
Thispagcintontionallyblank

r
t

a
0

a
a
a
I

a
I
t
I
I
,:.'..,,:r,i
,...,,,,";','.,,:.
,,i.r:,.,

. . t ' .i . .: t i , . , . . , . i . . , . . , , l . : . . i

a
a

o
' ' : . , , :i , . . ,O
:
, ..o
4-8

t
t

MEC}IANICAL
STANDARDS
TEMACLASSR C B

I
I

sEcnors

RCB.ISCOPEANDGEI{ERALREOUIREiIEI{TS
RCB.l.l SCOPEOFSTATIDARDS

RCB.l.ll GENERAL
TheTEMAMechanrgls$$arus areapplicable
to she{andtubehed rcftangersnhitl
do notexcedanyof thelollowingcriterh:
(1) insidediametersof 100in. (zSi{(lmm)
(2) produc-t
of^nominal
diameter,in. (mm)anddesignpressure,psi ftpa) of .l00,(m
(i7.sx101
(3) a designpressureoi 3,0fl) psi (2O6Sa
kpa)
Theintentof theseparameters
is to limilthemaximumshellwallthicknessb Winrately
3 in. (76mm),andthemaximum
studdiameter
to approximately
4 in.(102nrni.'Aiteda
containedinthesestandardsmaybe appliedto uniiswhicho6eeo r,b
"orr.;*rrd.r"
R-1.12
DEFINITION
OFTEMACLASS'R'O(CHANGERS
TheTEMAMechanicar
standardsfor crass"R' heatexchangers
specifydeo@and
of unflredshellandtubeheatexchangers
tor ttreleneraltys6u*"i"quir"*,enS
9jl.t'3"
fl ptroleumandrelatedprocessing
applications.
G1.12DEHNmOI|oF TEilA CLlgg rgr ExcHAt{cERS
TheTEMAMechanical
standardsfor class oooheatexchangers
specfi designand
fabficationof unfiredshdrandtrbe heatexcfiangers
for the ;*dt#;#t"
requirements
of commercial
andgeneralprocessapplications,

a
,

3
I
'lD

a
)

I
I

o
I

t
a

a
o
o
t
t

'' ,,

:.'

r ' , ', , , , , , . , , ,
i: : r ,,.,

, , , , :' ir . i , , - , :

a
a
a

RCB.13DESIGNPRESSURE

Rcts-1"21.Or*n
PRETUTE

{}

I
rD

t
t
{D

3r?H:.rrT"t*

'.' ,. ," '.'.,

,.l,

;,a...,,:ri,i

..,''r,:. . ,.r,

, '.,,,,,.,

' r'::,:::;:.,,:
.11't"q19e

fortheshellandtubesidesshallbespecified
separatety
bytre

@Tubular
Exchanger
llanufacturersAssooiation,tnc.

A1-l

sEcfloNs

TEMACLASSR C B
STANDARDS
MECHANICAL

shallbe in
tes{pressureal roomtemperature
ttretest Theminimumhydrostatic
withthe Code.
accordance

RC&1311OTHERUOUIDTESTS
the
Liquidsolhertran wder maybe usedas a testingmediumif agreeduponbetween
purchaserandfre manufacturer.

a
I
I
{l

RC&l .s1PftIEUXAnCTEST
Wten lQuirlcannotbe tolratedas a testmediumthe exchangermaybe givena
that air or gimb
pnmaticted in accordance
witfttheCode. lt mustbe recognized
-nazardous
wtrenusedas a pressuretestingmedium.ThepnqJmatictest pressLred room
withthe Gode.
temperdureshallbe in accordance

a
O
I
I

AIRTEST
RCB.133SUPPI.EIIENTARY
by
air or gastestis specifiedby the purchaser,it shallbe preceded
Whena supplementary
shallbeasagreed
RCB-1.31.
Thetestpressure
by Paragraph
testrequired
thehydrostatic
butshallnotexceedthat requiredby Paragraph
uponbythe purchaserandmanufacturer,
RCB-I.32.

RCB.1.4 METALTEIilPEIIATURES
PARTS
UltlrATlONSFORPRESSURE
IIETALTEMPERATURE
RCB-1.41
limitatirnsfor variousmetalsarethoseprescribedby theCode.
Themefialtemperature

rr
t

PAHTS
OFTIEATEXCI{AT{GER
TEI'PERATURE
RC8.1.42DESIGN
FORPARTSt{OTlt{ COilrAcT wlTH BorH FLUIDS
RCB-1.421
sepalatelyby the
shellandtubesidesshallbe specified
geecrfifl:,e.q11:1y--by,.ry
for fre
fre.shell
De$igntemperatures
purchaser.TheCodeprovidesthe allowablestresslimitsfor partsto be designedat

0
I
a
;

ffi:;;"ii.JHffffi;ffiffi;:*""*-

WITHBOTHFLUIDS
FORPARTSlN CONTACT
RC8-1.422
metalte-mperature
andis usedto establishthe
is
the
design
Ihe designtemperatrre
shallbe basedonthe
Codestresslirnitsfor design.Thedesignmetaltemperature
ol the shellsideandthetubesideflukJs,exceptwhenthe
operatingtempratures
temperature.Wt
ignternpgr,afirreg
urlr arrt'riarr\r
affec-ted
oar
clrrgI the
flt/E - |..lzI, ulE gut gt| | | tirliat tlit|tPti|4rqtv
PCl|r.rrDrra|| LrE -r rrrwr I vrI urv
in ParagraphG.1.
nameplate(s)
as deocribed
manufac{r.rre/s

o
O
C

i#.iffi'rff;:"#;=th"""ftr*ffi'ffi;ffiffiffi;,*J.'#ff6'ii'e.6'"pt'a

'

: :
:,'RCB'1.II3IGA}|IEIAI-TEIIPGRATURES,',.,,
WTH BOTHFLUIDS
RC81.431FORPARTSNOTlN CONTACT
unoerspecifted
under
specmeo
temperarure,
mtaltemperature
tempeElureis the calculatedmetaltemperature,
Themeanmetal
of thefluidin contact
operatingtemperatures
BOTHFLUIDS
RCB.I.'IiPFORPARTSII{ CPiITACTWITH
undersp,scffid
Themeanmetaltanpgreilureis fre calculatedmetaltemperalure,
iart in conmctwift bothstrellsideandtubesideflukts. lt is
#ffi;;;-,1fti;il:?a
usedto establishmetalptoprtiesunderoperatingconditions.The meanmetd
and
of the sheltside
oi trb specifiedopeiatingt6mperattrres
tmprdrreis UaseO

.
:

b" ;il

;;"h

;ffi;

o
t

I
.

ttrErelativeneattransfeicoelficienbof tre twoftrids

usedfor he variousheatexchangerpadsare as foflots,

The s{andardconosionallowances
is
seMce
make
a differentallowancemoresuitableandsuchallowance
of
the
condilions
unless

I
'
a
'

..j:.tO

rws.tqna.o(g

5.1-2
:::::.ir,:'

.:.
l::.

a
a
I

tr
It
I

l.
lr
lr

MECHANICAT
STAT.IDARDS
TEMACLASSR C B

sEcnoils

RCB-r.51

I
I

t
O
I
O

a
)

t
t
o
t
)
)

o
o
a
I

a
o
o
I
)

a
o

,,, ,, :. ,' ...

, : :.

'',i:.,. .,.

I
I

i:' r.. i: ,,' ,1,t,,,

.r1',

e,
t

.l

a
o
e
o

\r

''l

5.1

.,. :.

:'"::'

.:":

SECTION5

TEMACIASS R C B
STANDARDS
MECHANICAL

a
3

RCB.1.7AflODES
of ttteheata(changermaIruiactrr. lf
Sdec{lonandplacemntof anodesis noifre responsibility
a quotation,thepurchw b
a heatexchangeris to befumishedwithanodes,whenrequesting
information:
the
following
manufacturer
for fumishingthe heatexchanger
responsible
(1)Mtrodof anodeattachment.
(2)OuanWol anodesrequked.
(3)Sizeandmanufac{trerof lhe anodes.

a
o
I

a
a

(4) Anode maena.

(5) Sketch of anode locationsand spacing.
ll he heat excfiangermanufactrrer choosesto installanodeslor a customer,the manufac'hreris
not responsiblefor the suitabilityof the anodesfor the senriceit is installed in, the life of the
anodes,lhe corrosionptqtectidt prwided by tfre anode,or any subsequentdamageto the heat
exchangerattdbutedto the'anode,the me$rodof anode installation,or the installedtocationo{ the
anodein lhe heat exchanger.

o
t

t
I
o

a
I
a

o
t

:a

e
t

: . ' 1 , l,, O

'' ,..l
i.,.'.
I
' : ; , ' i..:,,., , I
, a . ' : '.::..: 1
a

::

. : :r : :

..:l

, . . .' 'l 't ' 1 | t , 1 : ' :, : . , : : : O

,ri .,1

:,,.;:i
.. .,,,,,..'.',.lD
:,,,,,,;
.1,,,,,;

5.14

rYuu.tomaorg
, , , . :r. ' .. :

rti. t,l

.'::,':.,.

a
I
"

ry

o
o

MECHAI{ICAL
STAT{DARDS
TEMACLASSR C B

I
I

sEcfloil5

*RCB-2TUBES

o
a
c

RC&2.1TIBELEI{GTH
for bothsfiaightandU-tubeexcfrangers
are@nmmtyused:$ (ArtgS),
T: !9!o,ilnStubelengrths
120(3048),111(3658),192(8m and2irc (6096)in. (mm). otrer tengthsmay'be,rsed.Ako
seeParagraph
N-|.12.
RCB.22TUBEIilATIETERSA}ID GAGES

RC&221BAFETUBES
TaUeRCB-2.21
listscommonfubediametersandgagesior barefubescrfcopper.sted
ard alloy. Otherdiametersandgagesareacceptable.

I
'D

TAELE RC8.2.21

o.D.

In.
(mm)

t
a

B.W.c.

uc

27
24
22

(6.4)

318

22
20
t8
20
18
20
18
16
20

(e.s)

112
112.4
518

(1s.s)

314
(1e.1)

a
o

.18

'..16

718
(22.2)

t
t

o
a

OtherAlloys

B.W.c.

o
o

BARETUBEDIAMETERS
ANDGAGES

i:,

,l

:.'l'i

'' 1-u4 "

r,:

'::

1-112

.i . '..,,.,i,. ,',(3g.t).,.r

I
I
O

r, ,r,1,.
,.',,

2
(50.8)

,12
14
12
i:

14
12

. : . t i j i : : , r i : : : 1 4 , , ,: : , i , , j , : : : :: : :

,,

. . ri r , ' . : : ,.,i 6 r r : : : : : : . : : : . :

(31.8)
'l

'l

.,.

14
16
,14

't4
12

20
18
20
18
t6
18
16
14
16
14
12

18
16
14
16
14

18
16
14
12
18
16

1
(25.4)
,

22
20
18

t,

' '

14
't2
14
i , . , l ' ! , , ; l, i , , t

...iilrr,

16
14
, r . : , .. , 1 2
14
12
14
:., .-,,,,',"
:,,:,1j!,:
,,,'.,,;,:'

14
12

14
12

,,,,.,;i,',,j,1i-lfr,ffi,:ilili
i#ifuffi

2. Chamctedstbs
cf tubingare$pwn in TablesD7 andD-ZM.

t
I

tD

Io
\.

: ,,..,::,t':r, 1,. ,

,,. :..i..,

:r,,r,ri rytTT
.,,

,,,,.r
;;',,,.::11,1:.,.1,,';i
,,,'i,,i r; .,,.:,r.,..
,i:.:::i
,,., ,,
,i,;,.i, ,i1,,,,;,,

:t :

',,t
'
i;, ',.:,,.'

@TubularExchangorilanufacturcreAssociation,tnc.

52-l
l

. i , . ' 1 1" : l . , '

o
a

STAI{DARDSTEIIA CLASSR C B
MECHANICAL

5
SECTION

RCB,'2.3U.TUBES
BCB.E31U.BENDREOUIREIIEI{IS
WhenU-bendsareformed,it is normatfor tr tubewallat the outerradiusto thin. The
inthebentpottionbeforebendingshallbe:
tubewallthickness
minimum

o
a
c

l. d"l

t" = trll+ -* |
r 4Rl

I
I

where
,o = Requkedtubervallttricknesspriorto bending,in. (mm)
tr = Minimumtubewallthicknesscalqrlatedby Coderulesfor a straighttubes$Fied
in. (mm)
andmddiemperature,
to thesatne presgure
in. (mm)
tubediameter,
do= Outside
R = Meanradiusof bend,in. (mm)
Moreihanonefi.rbegege,or dualgagetubes,maybe usedin a tubebundle'
WhenU-berdsareformedfrorntubemderialswtrichare rdat@lynon-work-hardening
inthebendsshouldnotexceeda nominal17%of
temper,tubewallthinning
andol suitable
originalfubewallthic*ness.
outsidediameter.
bendshatlnotexceedl0%ofthenominalfube
Ratteningatthe
or mderialswtrk*taresusceptible
U-bendsformedfromtubematerialshavinglowduc'tility,
RCB-2.381.
Alsoreferto Pamgraph
mayrequirespecialconsideration.
to work-hardening,

a
o
O
(l
;

o
a

RC8,2.32BENDSPACING

RCB-2.321CENTER.TO4ENTERDIMENSION

dimensions
betweenparallellegsol U-tubesshallbe suchthat
Thecenter-to-center
to thetubes.
withoutdamage
assembly
intothebaJfle
theycanbe inserted

BENDINTERFERENCE
RC8.2.322
cutact
appearance.Metal-to-metal
Theassemblyo{ bendssfrallbe of workmanlike
permited.
plane
not
be
shall
in
the
same
bends
betwen

RC&2.3i' HEATTREATTIENT
to stes conosion
or susceptibility
Coldworkin lormingU-bendsmayinduceembritdement
sc{t
cotditicinomay
to
allerriate
Fleat
treatrnent
environments.
materials
and/or
in certain

t, ,
:.:

::,

::' ::
:i.::::

Rdtatcd
T ri a r uul ar ,

,.

$r"*

...

.l

:: ::

'

RotatGd
S {uar

'
.

t
a

''
:r
:
r
:,::
. R C + 2 . 4 I S O U A F E P A T I E R1i.l ,
'
is
specfied
ty
tn
cleaningol thetrbes
bundleunits,wfrenmecfranical
In rernovable
purcfraser,
tubelanesshouldbe wttinuous.

'rl:,1: !rr. :i'

Trisnculrr .
.r
.

o
o

l50

90'

:'' \::.':': ::

t
I

Standardtubepattemsaredmwn h FigureRCB-2.4'

':i'il:

: ,

:::':i

ww-ffiorg

a
; . , : . , , . ,i iI,:j,l:lO
: .::::r l

t
o
)

NT

lr
to

MECHANICAT
STANDARDS
TEiIA CLASSR C B

lr

lr
to
lr

SECTTOI{
5

RC&2.42TRIANGUI-AR
PATTERN
Trhngularor rotatedbiangularpatternshouldnotbe useduirenthe $el sib b b be
deanedmechanically.
R.2.5TUBEPITCH
Tubesshallbe spacedwitha minimumcenEr-lo-center
distanceof I .2stime6tte oldsiledianter
of thefube. when mechanical
cleaningof thefubesis specifiedby thepurctrr"r. n**r"|q,
deaninglanesof 114,(6.4mm)shallbe prorided.
G25 TUBEPffCH
T;rbessfrallbe spacedwitha minimumcenter-bcenterdisianceof 1.25timestre 61rtsibdarneter
o{thetube. Wherethetubediameters
are5/8' (15.9mm)or lessandtrbe-to-t6edr*ilhts are
expanded
only,the minimumcenter-lo-center
distancemaybe reducedto 1.20tines te.oltside
diameter.
B-2.5TUBEPITCH
Tubesshallbe spacedwitha minimumcenter-to-center
distanceof 1.2Stimesfie {utsire diameter
o{thefube. Whenmechanical
cleaningo{ thetubesis speciliedby the purchaser
ard thenominal
shettdianreter
is iz in.(30smm)or lesi, minimum
cteaning
r-Liti g7i6 (a.a;m) shal be
provided.Forshelldiameters
greaterthani2 in. (3osmm[ minimum
dning hres J r7a;$.+
mm)shallbe provided.

lo
l,
l,
lr
lo
o
o
t
I

o
t
o
a
o

I
I

a
t

,:, :,

':i

,, , : , t , '

I
a

o
o

I
I
(D

e
a

a
o

'D
I

] , , : .'

: .:ra ::
i:'
:

',,','

:,j
t'..:

'

,, .. . ,
:I . . : :

:.. : ,
, :,:

t rt,.. ',
,t:lt,,t.,,, .

'ili'

.: r: ::1 i.

..
, . . , : , , r . . " i i , 1 ' ' , i :.;
i :i.r:1i,,;,.j..,,

l':'t:''

:, '1,;, ,.:

:'j

;..,,,
,,,,'.t;;.:,.,tt. r'1;,

,. ,,.

;i iiiiil:11
,:,.;:,.',,

,,a, ;i,;,

:l ,.l; ,i:,ir:rr,,,

.t. l: ''

:r''.t,t' ,,::

i,

t, ,,

'..'

':.,

, , , , , i t , t , : t, i

"

.,,.. .,,.

.r ..,l ,,:,r,l. ..: ,.,, , l :;:,ri

'
t'
:':,,, : : - . . r t . r : :: l r l i
;11t,;
,: , 1,',, ,,,,'t

.].il ,:] ,;., iL:..l,:,

,:,r: ],,.,,:

.' .
, l ' i . , l ' , , , , . . 1t "t . ,::.

';.

:;

r.:,,,.:

:t

l:".ili

. 1. ;' ,' 11,

,,',t

:i' :"":,,,"''i:t,

j,,,,.',,,,,,.,,,,,

!vlilIem.org
t'l

52{
.t,

-,,.

a
sEcTloNs

TEMACLASSR C B
STANDARDS
I,IECHANICAL

a
o
I

a
a

(l

o
o
t
I

t
0

a
o

o
r

:...:.:'::.:'.:''

. .

..:

o
:::

.. .

:.

:::.:

. ::

:.

,:t : ri':

::.:.,

o
uts{.tsm..olg

@TubularExchangerllanufacturensAssociation,Inc.
:: '.l:."

:. ,.

'

',

,:',

::,,

i"'::r

rl.

:,

'

'rt,.ti ,,:,,:"O

MECHANICAL
STAT{DAFDS
TEMACLASSR C B

I
I

SECTK)}I5

BCB.3S,}IELLSANDSHELLCOVERS
RCB.I SHELU;

a
o
a
o

RCB-3.I1 SHELLDIATETERS
It shallbe leftto tfie discretionof eadrmanufactrrer
b establisia systemof sta.dardEfdl
diameterswithintheTEMAMedanicalstandardsh orderb ar*rievetheecmcnie
peculiarto his indMdualdesignandmanufacturing
facilities.
RC&,3.12
TOLERAT{CES
RCB-3.121PIPESHELI.S
Theinsidediameterof pipeshellsshallbe in accrrdancewithapplicableASTWASilE
pipespecificalions.
BCB.122PI.ATESHELLS
Theinsidediameterof anyplateshellshallnotexceedthe designanside
diamterby
morethan1/8' (3.2mm)as determined
by circunrferential
measurernent
RCB-3.1
3 ttllNlilUlrlSHELLTHICK]{ESS

a
?

shell thickness_
is determinedbythe code designformulas,pluscorrosionallowryrce,lrrt
in no case shall the norninalthicknessof shells be less than that s{rovynir the apptbaHe
table. The nominaltotal thicknessfor clad shells shall be the same as {or carbm-sted
shells.
TABLE R.13

MINIMUM
SHELLTHICKNESS
Dimensions
in lnchesmm

o
)

Alloy*

Pipe

6
8-12
13-29
30-39
4O0
610
8r-100

t
I

(152)
(203-305)
(330-734
(762-S)1)
(1016-1524)
(1s49-2032)
(2057-25401

Plate

scH.40
scH.30
SCH.STD

(3.2)
(3.2)
(4.8)
{a4)
(7.e)

118

318 (s.s)
7t16 (11.1)

1/2 11?4
112 (12.n,
'tlz (12.4

1t8
3/16
114

s/l6
5i16
3/8

.(zej .

(e.s)

t
)

Dlmensions
in lncfres
,... t'.

o
o

."

.
::

:,tl
::.

:.

I
I

(}
: . r . , i : ' i i r : : : : . . ' .i . j
I
. i , iI
: :} | ...' ::.'1:,::.: ::':::
:l .::.:: a.:t)1.:: :,.. :

t
I
(D

o
o
o

Nominalthicknessof shellcoverheads,berfore
fonning,shallbe at leastequalto therhirlcressof
. ..| :

: , ,. ' ]l

., :::r

tr r,. :r; l:; r:

5.+t
::
'

.'

t 1 1 1 : r : i':

. : . i . ' : : : ] : :

'

sEcroN5

a
o
a

TEMACLASSR C B
STANDARDS
MECHANICAL

a
o
o

a
o
o
o
?

Thls pageintlrrtimally blank

o
e

'ot
)

a
o
,,, )

o
I

t
I

t
o
I
I
a
,] :.",,'1i1
,1';a

I:
i:::'
:l: .:i. ' i ::r:'
: r rrl
.
::: li.

i:l].ti..:|'::.:..:.:.]'....':::.::.

'':
'

. 5.+2

iort,lnc,
ubuhrExrfrf lger:ilanufactu,lgfls-,Asisociaf
,@f
:

,;

t . |, ,, ,, |, : t l, , , O

ti', ..'''1tt ..:::.

,,,.,.i..
'.?
';

T:'llT

,l..:ii:
o

]':

lo
lo

IIECHATTIICAL
STAIIDARDS
TETAclAss R c B

sEcTKtts

RCB-CBAFFLESA}ID SUPPORT
PLATES
RCA41 TYPEOFTRAflSVERSE
BAFFTES
Thesegmentral
or multi-segmental
typeof baffleor fubesupportplateis standard.ot.er rFe
balflesarepermissible.Baffle.cutis definedasthe segmeiriop#ing fteighteren;*aba
percfltage
ot lhe shellinsidediameteror as a percentage
of fre tolit ra treeirea ir*e g1e*rell
(shellcrosssec{ionalareaminustotaltubeare{, rrre nimuerof tuberonc frJr*6o.nt
,+
segmental
bafflesshouldbe adjustedto giveapproximately
thsamena freeaea-frftu4h
eacfibaffle. Bafflesshallbe cut nearthe centerline
of a rowol fubes,or a passrane,ia ulbe kle,
or outsidethetubepattem.Bafflesshaflhavea wofkmanlike
finish; ft;;bG J6i6r.
Typicalbafflecutsareillustratdin FigureRcE-4.i. Bafflecutsmaybe umor-r,cri-rra*
rotated.

lo

lo
lr
lo
It
It
lr
lo

FIGUFEBCB4,'
BAFFLECUTSFORSEGUENTAL
BAFFLES

lt'

lo

tl

lr
lo
lo
?

Hotizontal

Vcrtical

noteted

BAFFLECUTSFORIIULTI.SEGTENTAL
BAFFLES

o
a
I

DOUSLESEGMETTAL

o
O

: ::

RC&42TUBEHOlES

:..,.::l

o
o
I

::

::

::

:: ::| .':

, 1 , "r - r r l ,

,, ,
,

::::

t
(}

t
t

(D

:'::

:::" : ;: :.::::

T,!g.,f.*y"T".F fl_"and.supportprarecrearance
shalbesudrtheilthedifference
btren fte

$dl dq$t insidediarneterandfte ostsidediameterof fre baffle*tafl .!d e,@eed

fia'__i*A
f,
t clearancehasno significante{fucion Srd r*!e H
: .
re'difbrence;fiese ma<imarm
dearancesmayOeArseaseO
paragnph
to twice
the tabulabd values. (See

i , ' : it : ,
:, ,1: : r

RCB4.I|3.)

'
.

irirr r:;, i:

,.:: !u:.

Ii

5.+1

S'tcma.9rg
:]:

:,:, :r:I.i,.;1,

sEcnoN5

a
a

TEi'A CLASSR C B
STANDARDS
MECHANICAL

TABLERCH.3
SEndard Crcss Baffleand SupportPlat Clearances

In lncfie
Oimensions
DesignlD of ShellMinusBaffleOD
(1s2432)
u8 t3.e)
(457-991)
3/16 (4.8)
114 (6.4)
0016-1372)
(13s7-1753)
5/16 (zS)
q8 (e.s)
$n8-21y',1
(2159'25.10)
7t16 (11.r)

NominalShelllD

6-17
18-39
40-54
sffi
70{4
85-100

a
a
a
o
o
t
I

o
t

Dimensions
in lnches

NominalShelllD

tubelengthbetweencentralbaflles.Endspacesbetweentubesheets
Unsupported
andbafflesarenota consideration.
Over 24 (610)
Over36 (914) Ovrrl8 (1219)
' to36 (914)
to 60 (1524)
to 48 (1219)
lndusive
Inclusive
lnclusive
(6.4) 3A
(e.s) ',112
(152-3s6) 118 (3.2) 3116 (4.8) uc
3,8 {e.5)
cll
, 114 t6.4) sa
(e.5)
(9.5),,
3
(381.711)
s/!6
:,,,1-s.r-.Pl
fiz.n
{4.O
'2s-38 . '(737-965) 114 (6.4) 5/16
(s.5) ' 1f2 (12.7t' 518 (15.e)
3/8
oO
(e.s) 1t2 (12.n s/8 (15.e) 518 (15.s)
(991-1524) 114 (6.4) 3/8
3940
(e.5)
112 (12.7) 5/8 (15.s) 314 (1e.1) 314 (1e.1)
3/8
61-100 (1fl9-2ilO)
,,,',.

::.,

a.

""

a
a

I
I
I

l
a:

,r

:!l'i l:

j: :it ..

!l tl:

:::

a
a

::1:

...''

: , , . , l ; ,l .' :, '..... :

t.::

'

'',11,;1:...;
'.1
f
)

, r : : ,i l : ' : : : . r t l : . :

6+2

.':.

,., tt,,,,....

@TubularExchangerllanufacturercAssoc{atlon,lnc.

',1',,,',,1.i.,i.
,O

w*r.lena-org

'D
O

I
I

o
a

MECHAT,IICAL
STAilDARDSTEIIA CLASSR c B

a
t

sEctrcils

TABLECB.4.4I
BAFFLEORSUPPORT
PI.ATETHICKNESS
Dimensions
in Incfies

I
NominalShlllD

Unsupported
tubelengthbetneencentralbdfles. End*rcbeHl
tubeshets
andbafflesarenota consideration.
Over24(610) O/er36
Oirertl8
to 36 (914) (e14)to (1219)
to 60
Inclusive
(121S)
(152/t)
lndusive Indudve
(152s6) 1/16 (1.6) u8
(3.2) 3n6 (4.8) 1t4 (6.4)
(381-711)
3/16 (4.8) 1t4 (6.4) 3/8 (e.5)
(737-965)
(6.4) 5/16 (7.s) e/8 (e.5)
1t4
112(2.n
(991-1524)
(6.4)
114
1t2 (12.4 5/8 (1s.e)

o
t

(D

6-14
15-28
29-38
39-60
61-100 (154S25,rc)

o
o

3/8

(e.5)

sB (2.n

R...{21 LONGITUT'INAL
BAFFLESUYTTH
LEAFSEALS
Longitudinal
bafflT ltth leat(orothertlpe) sealsshallnot be lessthan1/4"(6.4mmj
nominalmetallhftC<ness.
R4.422WELDED{NLOI{GITUDII.IAL
BAFFLES
baffles
tharareweldedto the sheficy,tinder
shattnorbe
Jhe
less!l'i,E*lgss.oJlongitudinal
fian thethic*erol %' (6.4mm)or lhe thicknesscalculatedusingthefollmring
{ormula:

o
I
)

o
o
I

o
I

o
)

e
e
o

':::
, , t t :, r , : i : '

. r . . ., ,

: ; , ; .i , 1
. . ..

, ,, , ' ' ,

l.:' .:..,::1t :,,t

,i: ,. ,

,,

,,:,,.

frude.$$.1,.

a
I
I
'}

a
o

'

'-.

, , , r ,, :

,, ,

,,1,,

.i tg0|

u*

u.ti#aw|tH

'

',,,: ;.'
.' ':,.,,,,,,,
,, .r.i:a;:

Longitudinal
carbonsteelbaffleswithleaf (orotrer type)sealssha{nd beleEsftill
1/4'(6.4mm)nominal
mdalthickness
, , , :,, ,' ' . ' , ' 1 , , , ' i , ,, ' , ,
@TubularExchangertenutaclurcrs Association,tnc.

S.4.a

o
a

TEMACLASSR C B
STANDARDS
MECHANICAL

o
a
I
t

a
t
(l

o
t

RC8.4.52TiAXMUMSPACING
tubespandoesnottceed
Tubesupportplatesshallbe so spacedthattheunsupported
used.
inTableRC&4.52forthetubematerial
thevalueindicated

a
I

a
o
a
o
I

t
t
o
o
a
a
:,,,:i
1 ,. , : . , , , , , i ] ;

il

.i:l
'r

..:'

r l ir . : , , :
l:...

,, ; t

: : : r : ,: I
:

:::

't'

, ' : , .: i . ,. , , t

'.,:
; ' , , : , , , . , "j..: i ; l l : ,.:,..1:.O
)

'..

5.tf-4
: : : . . : : . , : : :l ,

'

,rt :,.t

t.

,.,,.Tffry,,,,,,,,
a

Ft

o
o
o

IIIECHANICAL
STAI{DARDS
TEITIAcLAss R c B

sEcTtotit5

TABLERCB.4.5iI
MAXIMUM
UNSUPPOFTED
STMJGHTTUBESPANS
Dimensions
in

o
a
3
I

o
a
o
t
)

a
o
t
o

I
(l

o
o
o
t
)

l , .,i ,'

a
I

,,
:,,::r

located
thatforanyindMduat
bend,
thesrmotrreuenaoamdffi'fr"

::::.,,,:
:.::::,:
i,,,,,,'ffiffiffi.1,firoffiHsffitr*J$ff":*rit
,

' .

b e n d s . .i : r .

o
o
o
I

-.--'..--.'::-':-:'--r

RC8...55 SPECXAL
CASES

vynenputsarng
condronsare-specified.by
thepurc{raser,
unsuppofied
sp6ns+d *be*as
sfiortasipressure
oroprcsric{ions
permAt Oesp;;"d;th6;;il;'"h;;tr..maximum
pennitted
byparagraph
Rcg+.s2,oonsiaerair:n
$rclaG
Te.l*,T
given
to ahemative
florv

I
I

di[*

r*,nxi"
measuredalongbothlegslronrsupporbb bendtangenbooesnoieloeeorc fioanu*

(}

,r,,,i

RCB{.54 I.LTUBEREARSUPPORT
Thesupportplateor bafflesadjacentto flre bendsin U-trbeexchangers
shallbe so -

a
t

:: -'

anangements
whicfr-would
permitshorte,.pa* una* r,"
prssure.dropresFictions.
"are
':

s,wly.teme.org

@TubularBrchangerllanufectrror Associatlon,Inc.

5.+5

sEcTloNs

o
a
o

STANDARDS
TEMACI.ASSR C B
IIECHANICAL

RCB.456ruBE BU}IDLEVIBRANOil
Shdl sideffowmayproduceexcitationforcswhichresultin dEfirctivetibe v$ratirns.
Exisiingpredic'tive
corelationsareinadequate
to insurelhd arrygivendesignwiilbe frae
d s.rchdamage.Thewlnerabilityof an excfiangerlo flowinducedvibrationdepardson
theiow rate,tubeandbaffremslerials,unsrpportedUbe spans,tubefi6ldlayout drdl
diametr,andinleVoufiet
confuration.Sction6 of theseSlandardscontains&{rynralin
wtricfris intendedto aleftthe dssignerto potentialvibrationproblems.In anycase,and
or liablefor anydirect,
wlsisterit withParagraph
G-5,the mantiactureris notresponsible
damagesresultingfromvibration.
irdiret, or oonsequenthl

a
I
I

a
J

Thefollowingparagffis prwidelimitationsto pre\rentor minimizerodonof tubebunde

to fubetSratirn
componeflts
at the entfanceando<itareas.Theselimitationshaveno correlation
6 for inbrmationregardingthis phenomenon.

'}
)

PROTECTION
REOUIREMENTS
plate,or o'thermeansto protectthefubebundleagainstimping&gft.rids,
An impingement
shallbeprovidedufien ent:ancelinevaluesof pZ'exceed thefollowing:nondrasive,
singlephasetuils, 15m etrz)' all otrer liquids,indudinga liquidat its boilingpotrrt,500
f/,14).Forall otrer gaseeandvapors,indudingall nominallysaturatedvapors,andfor
protectionis required.Zis the linearvelocityof thefluid
liquidv4c mixtures,impingernent
in fed persecond(rEters persecond)andp is its densityin poundspercubicfuot
percubicmeter).A propedydesigneddiffusermaybe usedto reduceline
(kilograms
vdocitiesat shellentrance.

a
t
t

o
o

of 4,000(5953)whereI/ is the linearvelocityof thefluidin feet persecond(metersper

gecond)
percubicmeter).
andp is its densityin poundspercubicfoot(kilograms

a
o
o

plateis provided,
Whenan impingement
theflowareashallbeconsidered
the
areabelweenlhe insidediameterof theshellat the nozle ard fe faceof
unresbic-ted

a
e
a
o
t
I

:t'l
::

plale,he ffowareabetweenfte tubeswifth tF

wherethereis no impingement
compadnenFbetweenbafflesand/ortrbesheetmaybe consldered.
t
''
I
:
t
:
r r
RCB4.8ru8ES|DE I'
:
Consideration
shallbe givento the needfor specialdevicesto
erosimdtetie

:.l.: . :1: I

:: ::

J
,,,'..,,,.,.,
, ,.,,-,:,r;,!:,
I

,,.i{Q

(2)

5./r-6
;'t,i;t ,

wru.kd.!

1 ; . 1 ;, ] 1, 1 , ' . . ' ,

i , : : , :: jl i' . : ',,. 1

a
o

ITIECHAI{ICAL
STANDARDS
TEIIACLASS R C B

a
o
a
a
I

a
I

RC&4.771ERODSAt'lDSPACERS
Tiercdsandspacers,or ortrerequivalent
meansof tyingfte bffie syEtfntogEd|rer,
sfnn be
providedto retainall transversebafflesandtubesupportplalssecu-rety
enpo6iuon.
R4.71NUiIBERANDSIZEOFTIERODS
TableR-4.71showssuggested
tie rodcountanddhmeterfor vadotssizescf hed
excfiangers.
Otfrercombinations
of tie rodnumberanddiameterwifi equaydril
mid ara
arepermissible;
however,nofewerthanfourtie fllds,andno dlameterti:sstran S,A (gS
mm)shallbe used. Anybafflesegmentrequiresa mlnimumof threepointsof suppori.
TABLER-4.71
TIERODSTANDARDS
Dimensions
in Inches

o
a
t

o
a

o
a

sEcTtoits

Tie Bod
Diame{er
6 - 15
16-27
28-33
34-48
49-60
61 - 10q

(152-381)
(40686)
(711-838)
(864-1219)
(1245-1524)
(1549-2540)

3/8 (e.s)
3/8 (s.5)
112 (2.n
112 (2.n
112 (12.7)
5/8 n5.e)

Mlnimum
Numberof Tie
Rods
4
6
6
I
10
12

o
I
I

a
t

o
o

TIERODSTANDARDS
''

'Nominal

thell Diameter

a
I

in lnches(mrn)
Tie Rod
Diameter

,.114 (6.+1
3E (e.5)
112 (12.7',)
112 (12.n
(1.2,7),,
;::1,12,
5/8 (15.e)

'| r Ir v t t- 'tutti

Minimum
Numberof Tie
Rods
4
6
6
I
,lQ:", ;:,,
'12'
I

RCE4.8SEAUNGDEVICES
be in$alledwtrenneceosary
to pveflt erQeoshre
lle. Sealingdwices maybe sealsfiips,tb rcds
wift spacers,dummytrbes, or combinations
of these.

o
t

a
o
a
o
I

',

:.I:
, . : ,,.. ' , .

,..r:,.::,.. , .;Y,
',,;.1',.,1;'wtuh.fre31"ttettu"n!.l.aa1rer-sAs-tochrign'ln::

;,,,,,,

o
o

TEMACI.ASSR C B
MECHANICAL
STANDARDS

sEcTloN5

RCB4.9 KETTI-ETYPEREBOIT.ERS
Forkettletypereboilers,skidbarsanda bundlehold-dounmaybe provided.Onemethodb
shownin FigureRCB-4.9.Oher methodswhichsatisfyfte intentareacceptable.Bundlehold'
downsarenotrcquiredfor fixedtubesheetkefrs.

o
a
a

FIGUREROB4.9

I
I

a
o
o
o

o
I
o
o
o
I

o
a

o
o

o
o
.

:.

:'

.:

::

,::' .:

t,;:' it
r:',,;,,.t,,.,,,',ii.,'

'..,;;',',
,
",tt',,,',

o
)

I
r i . i ' i , ,i ,i t: . i ' l t ; '

, . . , ' il.l,,., . : O

:..'i ',',r;l
.,,,,,.i
,''.",,
i.',,,.'
!

t,;,1
, , , . . , , ,1. ,, i,,;,r' : ' , : , : : ' : : , 1 , , , ' , . ; : . ,

o
, , ;. . i .. , . t t l i t , r . : , . ; : ' ; , , i :. : ?

5.+8

wuuisne.o
r_.r,:::r'j::: :

O
,: , ,,

o
I

o
o
o
t
I

MECHANICAL
STANDARDS
TEMACLASSR C B

sEcno{5

RCB-sFLOATING
ENDCONSTRUCTION

a
o
I

a
t

o
a
o

o
o
I

RCB-5.1
lllTERt-tALFLOATTNG
HEADS(TypesS and T)
R.5.1IMINIMUM
INSIDEDEPTHOFFLOATING
HEADCOVERS
Formultipass
floatingheadcoverstheinsidedepthshallbe suchthattheminimum
cmcs.
overareafor flowbetweensuccessive
tubepassesis at leastequalto i .3 timestE fury
arealhrough
thetubesof onepass.Forsinglepassfloatingheadcove{Ethe@l d
nozzlecenterline
shallbea minimum
of one'thirdffreinsidediameter
of tte nozle.
GB.s.II IIINIMUTII
INSIDEDEPTI{OFFLOATING
HEADCOVERS
Formultipass
floatingheadcoverstheinsidedepthshallbe suchthattheminimum
cro,5soverareaforflowbetween
successive
tubepassesis at leaslequalto thellowarea
througlthe.tubes
of onepass.Forsinglepassfloatingheadcoversthedepthat no:zle
centerline
shallbea minimum
of one-third
theinsidediameterof thenozzte.
RCB.s.I2 POSTWELD
HEATTREATMENT
Fabricated
lloatingheadcoversshallbe postweld
heattreatedwhenrequiredbyfre Code
or specified
bythepurchaser.
RCB6.I3INTERNAL
BOLTING
Thematerials
of construction
forintemalboltingforlloatingheadsshatlbesuitable
fortf.e
mechanical
designandsimilarincorrosion
resistance
to the materials
usedfortheshell
interior.

o
I

a
t
I

o
I

o
t

a
o

=[o?YJfn]"', m m
' =l'YtHfn, flirwri'4"'
Metric
r
J"
,:'',...,..:':
'...,
SHEAR

,.,,, i:r.,rri,,,,,,,,,|rr,!!Wrryrx\)",ino.
.r,
r.
;'...,.'..-

I
t

I
('

o
o

o
a
o

A = Ring0D, in.(mm)

n/-

Designboltload( as lef. h

Z=

Tubesheet
OD,in.(mm)

,,;,
,;:,1,
ir;,.l,,ri:A*;;;*;,;ru:hce+,iii,
:,,n= ff flfiI;li:,ilft .,'.,r,,,
ii:,,'.
::,,:
(mm)
K= Al B
C:

Boltcircle,in.(mm)

o
I

sEcTtoNs

TEMACLASiS
RC B
STANDARDS
MECHANICAL
H = (C-B)/z, in. (mm)
S = Codeallowablestressin
tension(usingshelldesign
psi (kPa)
temperature),

L-

Greaterof T or /, in.(nrn)

S* =
S_ =
-E
So =

S of backingdng,p,5i(kPal
S of splitkeyring,psi(kpa)
Softubesheet,
Psi(kPa)

S = 0.8S,psi (kPa)
NOTES
1. All references
aboveareto ASMECodeSec'tionMll, Division1.
2. Caution:Forstyles"A', 'B' & 'D' checkthicknessin shearof the tJbesheetif 'S,"< 56.
'
< So
in shearol thetubesfreetif
3. Caution:Style"C' checkthrekness
,S,"
styles.OtherstylesarepemissiHe.
for illustration
of suggested
SeeFigureRCB-5.141
FTGURE
RCts5.141

t'(25.r
(Mrlr)

o
o
o
I
I

o
a
o
I

a
o

t
t

o
)

a
a

a
o

soll0

:t',.',,tffi
'i,

i:

,1,.:.

:i

..1.@

:16y
i ,ir:,:a,.,.sPuT

::. :r .ll

.. ::

j.:l::r :l ,:: :.::

ti

'

::

:..

o
t
o

t
o
a
i , ' . . 1. 1, i.-1; . 1 ' , 1. i .. i , . . . i i , ' l

.:i:

5.+2

, ,,,, , , t 1

: '. :,:,,l 1!

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
a
o

MECHANICALSTANDARDS
TEMACLASSR C B

sEcTrot{5

RCB.s.IsTUBEBUNDLE
SUPFORTS
Whena rernoraHeshellcoveris utilized,a partialsuppodplate,or offrersuibblerneilst
stall be providedto supportttrefloatingheadendol lhe tDe bundle.tf a plde b r.ned,lhe
ftic*nessshallequalor exceedthesuppofiplatethicknessspectfiedh rable 84.41 or
CH.41 as applicable
for unsupported
tubelengthsover@ in. (1524rrm).
RCB.16FLOATING
HEAI' I{OZZLES
Thefloatingheadnozzleandpackingboxfor a singlepasso<cfrangwdraficonfly with
therequirements
oi Paragraphs
RC&.S.21,
RCB-S.22
and RCB-5.a3.
RC&5,I7 PASS PARTTflONPLATES

Thenominalthicknessof floatingheadpasspartitionsshallbe identicalto thosestrom ln

RCB-9.13
forchannels
andbonnets.
RCB,52OUTSIDEPACKEDFLOAnNGHEADS(Iype P)
RCB-5.21
PACKEDFLOATING
HEADS

o
t
o

The cylindricalsurfaceof packedfloatinghead tubesheetsand skirts,wtrerein contact witl

packing(ncludingallowancefor expansion),shallbe given a {inemachinefinishequivalfft

to fil microinches.
RCB.22PACKTI{GBOXES
A machine
finishshallbeusedor theshellor packingboxwherethefloatingtubesheet
cr
node passesthough. lf packing
of braidedmaterial
is used,a minimum
dfiree ringsol
packingshallbeusedfor 150PSI(1G14
kPa)maximum
designpressure
anda minimum
of
foutringsshallbe usedfor300PSI(2068kPa)maximurn
deeignpressure.Forpressures
lesslhan150PSI(1034kPa),temperaturesbelowg00"
F (149"C),andnon-ha-ardous
servhe,lewerringsof packingmaybe used.FigureRCB-5.22
andrableRC&s.22show
typicaldetailsanddimensions
ol packing
boxes.

a
I
o
)

o
o
o
a
I

o
o

a
o
o
o
o
o
t
I

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o

'
, : : : 1 , , : ': ,:

'.t';

'..

;""';

'

IIAX
,t

':,i

'' ,

,: ,

':
,. . , .

, ,'r

' ;:,..r' :..

':;,
,;:,-t|1.

;::.i :.:,;,,r:r' ,,,,,: i . ,. ,, ' ,...1.,,.,.1

, , , , , , t , ,,:...
.:r' .i . l :..r.,r,l

... 1:..:

t,

:: .,,,.,,,',,

l t.., ] r ,, , ,,., :,, l .:' ,' ;i .

l
.i.': ,', . rl. ;. ,l-,i ,i,,,::,:t:..,,i,1
, -., , ,,',,
,,i . ,,,r:
,l ;, .::l : ., ,,' ',:

,' ., ; :,, !f;h1oto

t.,'
.',,,

t,..:.:'', :.,

TEMACI-ASSR C B
STANDARDS
MECHAIIIICAL

sEcTloN5

TABLERCB5.22
HEADS
FLOATING
FORPACKED
TYPICAL
DIMENSIONS
kPa)WITH600' F (316"C) MAX.TEMP'
kPa)AND300PSI(2068
150PSI(1034
in Inches
Dimensions
F
BOLTS

D
c
B
A
(MrN)
NO.
STZE
1
4
1-5/8
1-114
Zi16
o
1
1-5/8
1-114
7116
I
I
1-s/8
1-1t4
il16
I
10
1-518
1-114
7ne
1
12
1-s/s
1-114
7116
16
1-U8
2-114
1-314
9/16
20
2-1t4
1-Sl1
9/16
:t_1/8
24
1-118
2-114
9/16
1-314
1-114
28
2-314
1ln6
2-'U8
1-114
32
2-3t4
2-118
1t/16

6-8
I -'13
14-17
18-21

22-n
24-29
30-33
34-.13
44-51
52-60

BOLTS

NO.
152-203
229-330
3sil92
457-533
55$584
610-737
762-838
86+1092
111&'1295
1321-1524

'

9.53
9.53
9.53
9.53
9.53
12.70
12.70
12.70
15.88
15.88

11.11
1 1 .1
11.11
11.11
|
11.1
14.29
14.29
14.29
17.46
17.48

31.75
31.75
91.75
31.75
31.75
4.45
44.45
44.45
53.98
53.98

41.n
41.28
41.28
41.28
41.28
57.15
57.15
57.15
69.85
69.85

25.40
25.40
25AO
25.40
25.40
28.58
28.58
28.58
31.75
31.75,

SEE

19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05
25.40
25.40

25.40
31.75
31.75

nozzleandfie tubesheet.
RC&525 PASSPARITNOilPLATES
'The
nominalthicknessof lloatingheadpasspartttionistrattbe identicalto ft;
andbonnets'
RCF9.13for channels
Paragraph
RC&s.3 EXTEBilAI"LYSEALEDFLOAnNGTUBESHEETfrypc tY)
:
:
,RB-5.31Umgff
nffC

a
sfffit

. ' i1"r :r :,: ;. :.r 1. ',, :, .i ra: i : t

ll

I
O
'.,t.,,;,,,':,.
',1
. l ; i l i : : l r. : : :

braUedoackinomateriabdtd be

a
't
@TubularExchangerManufrctulorcAssocldion, Inc.

','',,,.,,
,.,..,
: I

o
o
o
o

MECHAI{ICAL
STANDARDS
TEMACLASSR C B

TABTERB.31
MA)(IMUM
DESIGNPRESSURE
FOBEXTERNALLY
SEATED

NominalShellInsideDiameter
Incftes(mm)
(15210)
6-24
(635-1067)
25-42
(1092-1524)
43-60
(15/+9-25,10)
61 - 100

o
a
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

MaximumDesignPressure
PSIfiPa)
300 {2068)
150 (1034)
75 (s14
50 (345)

C.3I LANTERN
RII{G
Theextemallysealedfloatingtubesheetshallbe usedonlyfor water,steam,air,ft.dricdirg
oil, or similarservices.Designtemperature,
pressureandshelldiametershallbe limitsdby
theseMce,jointoonfiguration,
packingmaterialandnumberof packingrings,to a
maximum
designpressure
of 600psi(4197kPa).
RC8ia ICA|(ACE PRECAUnO
ilS
Thedesignshatlincorporate
provisions
in the lantemringso thatanybakagepret he
packingwillled<to atrnosphere.
Whenendlesspacftingringsare used,oneringd pAdrgshaflbe usedon eachsidsof thelantemring. Forbraidedpackingmakrialswilfra seanr,
a minimumcf two ringsof pac*ingshallbe usedon eact sideof thelanternring,wih the:
seamsdaggeredduringassembly.
RCB,s.&IPACKINGIIATERIAL

Specialdesigns
incorporating
othersealingdevicesmaybe usedfortheapplications
in
Paragraph
RB-5.31
andC-5.31orotherspecialservicerequirements.
Provisions
forleak
detection
shallbeconsidered.

o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O

o
o
o
o
o

sEgltrl|rS

: ':
.

: ' ' . . . . . ,.

,l, . :t ,1

t. '',,.
,.,

..i

':,
t;',,

.,,

, ,;: .,
.t ,'

:t , ,;.. ,

,. ,r : , :, ll ..

@TubulafExchangortl.nufacturerc Associatlon,tnc.

sEcTloN5

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
c
o

MECHANICAL
STANDARDS
TEMACI-ASSN C B

o
o
o
a
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
,, .

''
@TubularExcdangerManufacturorsAssoclatlon,Inc.

':-'':,t,1",'
'O
,, ,,-,i,.r'.,

' , ' l .: , . . ' , " ' ' t t ' t . , : l

wu.ffi.org

1 , , , ' l : ,,,?, ,

o
O

o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

ilECHANICALSTANDARDS
TEUACI.ASSR C B

sEcTtolts

FCB6 GASKETS
RCA6.1TYPEOFGASKETS
Gasketsshallbe selectedwhir*rhavea continuous
peripherywih no radadteakpdrs. ft6 ftd
nol exdudegasketsmadecontinuous
by weldingor'othermeftodswhicfrprodudea hoerngranmus
bond.
Gaskbmadeintegralby weldingareoftenharderin tre weldsthanh thebasemab.id- Hardress
limitationsmaybe specitiedbytheexchanger
manuiaotlrer.
R6.2 GASIGTIIATERIALS
Metaljacketed
g tlig^[9qf-Sqskeb shallbe usedtor intemalfloathgheadioinb,aflirintsfor
pressuresof 300psi
(2068kPa)andover,andfor all jointsin contaA-with
nyi*ocartons.OCrer
gasketmaterialsmaybe specifiedby agreemant
betweenpurcfuserandmanufadurr
b fileet
specialsewhe conditions
and.flange.des[!.Vt/}ren
trrogastaeOiointsareconrprcesed
bytfie
samebolting,provisionsshallbe madesothatbothgaskebseal,butneilhergasketis crustreO
a
therequired
boltload.
CB{2 GASKETMATERIALS
Fordesignpressuresof 300psi (2OGS
kPa)andlower,compocition
gaskebmaybe usedfor
extemaljoints,unlesstempetffiJreor conosivenafureof oontained
iuld indicatesother*se. lldal
jackeied'filledor solidmetalgaskeils
stull be usedfor all jointsfor desSnpressurs
$ler lhal
300psi(2068kpa)andlor intemalfloatingheadjoints, O'ttrergasXamitdrialsmavbe
soecifiedbv
agreement
betweenpurdEserandmanufacfurer
to meAspecialseMceconditions
anOitange
design.Whentwogasketediointsarecompressed
bythe samebolting,provisions
shallbemade
so thatbotttgasketsseal,butneittrergasketis crushedat the required-bolt
load.
RCB6.3PERIPHERAL
GASKETS
RC.31
The..minimum
widtho-fperipheral
ringgaskets
for externaljoints
shallbea/g.(9.5mm)for
shellsizesthrough23 in.(sB4mm)nominal
diameter
and1/2.(12.7rnm)toralllargeishelt
sizes.
B-6.31
The minimumwidthof peripheralringgasketsfor extemaliointsshallbe 3/8. .5 mm) for
shellsizesthlough23 in. (58amm) nominaldiameterand-112"
(i2.7 mm)tor a1largei stretl
sizes. Full face gaskeb shall be usedfor ail cast iron flanges.

all shellsizes.
:

, . , r : ll

:'i
r

l r .. j i ,, r,,
I..1
i

t ,::,:
.l
.l r" r r:

,,,'',

.:
rr

,':l
:::

:]

l-":J1T 1/4' (6.4mm)for shellsizesthrcugtr23 in. (sB4mm)noninardbrnaer {d notresstryl

3/8' {9.5mm)ior all laqer sfrellsizes.

5.&l
. . i ', , , ., , : : t, , , , t, ,

SECNON5

TEIIACIASS R C B
MECHANICAL
STANDARDS

R6.5 GASKETJOINTDETAILS
Gasketediointsshallbe ol a conlinedqpe. A conlinedgasklrequiresa sotidmetalretahin4g
in the eventof gasketextnnsiofl
elementthat prevenba directradialleakpathto theenvironment
and
This'confining'
elementcanbeviaa recessinhe llangefaceperfiguresRGB-6'5
or blowout.
F, or it canbe via an outerretainingringwtrichis notusedas theprimarysealingelement
(gasket)of theJointas shownfor a spiralwoundgasketin FigureRC&6.5.
A solidmetalgasketwhichprojectsbeyondthe raisedfaoeof a raisedfaceflangeand sdendsto
abotefor a oonfinedjoint.
the insideof fre boltswillmeetthe de{inition
A solidmetalgaskton a fld faceflangein wtric*rthe enfiregask{ ygtt is efiectveas a *$ng :
elementdoeshotmeetthecriteriao{ a confinediointandb by defnitionan unconlinedgad<et.

o
o
o
ConfinedGaska

Gasket
Unconfined

o
o
O
:'o
:i:.i:: :j.:i'l:

'.,'''.,:.,tl':.,
I

SPIRALWOUNDGASKETWITHOUTERTIETALRIiIG

' : , . , . ,l i t : , : j . O
;., ,:t;,.,,,'il
1,.'(D

',t'1,,',.'';,.i

o
,, O

5.F2

@TubularE<c{rangerltlanufacfirrersAssoclatlon,Inc'

Yvuu.tdlL-olg

o
o

a
o
o

MECHANICAL
STANDARDS
TEMACLASiSR C B

o
o
o
o

TNCETTUBESHEETS
RCB.7.ITUBESHEET
THICKNESTI
R.7.11II|NMUil TUBESHEET
THICKT{ESS
WIT}IE(PI{NDEDTUBEJOhTTS
In no caseshallthetortaltricknessminusconosionallowance,in theareasintowhidttbes are b
be elganded,of anytubsheetbe lessthantheoutsidediameterof tubs. In no casedrd the
totalfubesheetfiickness,indudingconosionallowance,be lessthang/4. (19.f fim).

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

sEcTtoNs

In no caseshallthetotalthickness
minuscorrosion
allowance,
in theareasintowhichtubesare b
be expanded,of anytubesheetbe lessthanthree-fourths
ol thetubeoutsidedlametertor tubessl
1'(2i.4 rnm)OD-aqd
srnaller,
7/S'(22.2mm1lot1 114,(31.8mm)OD,1. (25.4){or I i/2. (39.1
nm)OD,or1114'{31.8mm)for9(50.8mm)OD.
lnnocaseshall
thetotal
ttesfreettfriikness.
including
conosfurn
allowmce,be lessthan3/4"(19.1mm).

Neithercomponentof a doubletubesheetshallhavea thicknesslessthanthat requiredby

Paragraph
A131.
RCB..7.1?/2
VENTSAND DRAINS
Doubletubesheetsof the edge welded type shail be providedwith vent and drain

The tJbsfieeb are mnnected in a mannerwhich dishibutesaxial load and radialthermal

prertenting
individual
iadialgroudhof tubesheets.,lt is assumedthtt the element'isrigrid :
enoughto mutuallytransferall thermalandmechanical
radialloadsbetnveen
the
tubeshets.Additionally,
it is understood
thatfre tubesarerigidenoughto mutuafiy

t
", ,' : :

'',

, , ; ., , t , 1 .
,;,,,

,1.,.,,.

.:

',.

..r.,;11;.;.:, :ii :: :i i,,:,,: ii: :;: ;: ,.f 1,1,1

,.
, , , ,, ; . ;

l il
.,i..1t,.:.:.,

'..
..,...
.i,.a

,r
:,1.1
,,r,..

l' ;
;:.' ,:l .ri ' l l ,.:l .'

''i,;' 1, : ; , r i.r , : l

FIGURERC8.7.124

www.tema.org

@TubularExc*ranger
ilanufacturerc Association,lne.

S.Z-1

s
sEcTloN

TEMACLASSR C B
STANDARDS
iIECHANICAL
RC&21241TUBES}IEETTHICKNESS
Ca|or|atelhebta|combinedfubesheett}ricknesslperParagraphAl3.
where
T=Grederofthethickness,in.(mm),resu|tingfromA.l31orA..|32usingthe
followingvariabledefinitirns:
tubesheets
G = PerA"13,in. (mm),usingworstcasevaluesol shellsideor tubside
at theirrespectivedesigntemperd"re'
$=LoweroftheCodea|lotb|esfiess,psi{kPa),toreithrcoilnponenth"6e6*|dd
designtemperature'
its respectft/e
at|hek
worstcasevaluesot shel|sideortubesidetubesheets
using
=
PerA.l3,
f
re.
designtemperatu
respective
arePerA.13.
Atlothervariables
)
Establishthethicknessof eachindividualtubesheetsothat t2 I \ T andthe
grealer
of
the
shall
be
t2
t! and
minimumindividrnltubesheetthioknesses
A131or A133,asapPlicable.
where
in' (mm)'
of tubesldetubeeheet'
tr = Thickness
t2= Thicknssol shellsidtubesheet,in' (mm)'

"=&.0.*s
tE
(Metric)"

=&x196 <o'8S

1,,l,.:'..'..

...', ]..:
r ' ,. ,. ' ,. i

. 1 ;1 1 , ,;q' .1. : ,

':'l . ... . :. ,..

i E .
'F

(r,r,)+(rr4)

.:,;il:j,',;,.,,,
1;'
(t,n,\+(t,t,)

';'I'irI:",;1
...,
'ur'
1..
1l'1",

'l

i,,1.,.

(kN/ffn].
Fs = ForceperunitmeasJredueto differentialradialexpansion'lbflin

psiftPa)'
o{tube$eet1 at meanmetalter.nperature:
ofElasticitv
UoOulu3
,
pBt
(kP4'
temperature'
metal
2
mean
at
tubesheet
of
of
Elasticity
Modulus
'l
for tubesheet at meanmetaltemperature
a, = coefficientof thermalexpansion
:
eF(mm/mm/'G)'
in./in./

..1
t'i.i,;;'.

5.7-2
: | : .| : .. : : :' : ' ' : : ' : : :
,,; t,1,"'1.';,,,
,'.:,,

:, .' .

3
3
.l
.l

ol

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
a
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
'o
a

t:..i,,..,,i..t,:
,O

, :::: i ' i , O

a
o

/'o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
a

MECHANICAL
STAT'IDARDS
TEi'A CLASSR C B
a2=

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

CoeJficient
of thermalexpansion
lor trbestreet2 at meanmetaltempratfir,
in"rn"/"F (mm/mm/'C).

lT1 =

Diffurenceintemperature
fromambientconditionsto meanmetaltenrperatreior
tubesheet
1,"F('C).

/T2 =

Difference
in temperature
fromambientmnditionsto meanmetdternper4.retor
tubeshest
2, "F ("C).

RC&7.12i(' INTEBCONNECTING
EI-EIIEiITI'ESIGI{ENTXI{GA}rDrEt|s{.E
Thecombinedstressesfrombendingdueto differential
thermale,e$saonof
tubesheets
anda)daltensiondueto thermaloeansionof trbes sfiallrd eroeedl.S
timesfte CodeallowablestressS o{ the interconnecting
element Thecomtfnedtotal
stressof inbrconnecting
elemento5,psi (kPa),is givenb1l:
OE =

o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
I

sEcTtoNs

O, + OIZ:< -I.5 S

The stressdue to axiallhermal expansionof tubes o7s,psi (kpa), is defineda:

"---l?:l
(Meric)
,*=lftluo"
where

(Metic) o':9Y! *no

'
,, l": ...,., ,.

Thebandingmomentis definedas:
M*J

: . ,li , - , 1 , , . ,. : .. , .,..,.;
'li.',
,.. ,::,'

.i t.

.,, ,-',.t
. ,,1,. l, I ,

, : , ,, : , , i

11.,:.,,
.,,:

:,,:, T'tma.gig
::l ;r:iri,r

'

',t,,,.;,,:,,',:;',
,,:;'
.
,,;.,'

= . BendIg mornertperunitmeasureactingon inbrconnecting

elan'|t [t'iUf,.
g = spacingbetweentJbesheets,in. (mm).Thespacingbetriveen
t6dreetsfural
integrardouuetube*eet is reftto thediscretionof the mryrufacilrq.Fords
typesof dorblefubeshets,
the minimumspacingis debrmiredh aocogdane
ar = CoeffrcierTt
of $ermalexpansionof tubesat meanmtaltemprafife,hJm/ "F
(mm/mm/'C),
:
, ,''.

a
o
o
a
o

MECHAI'IICAL
STANDARDS
TEIIA CLASSR C B
of ftermalexpansionof interconnec.ting
elementat meanmeid
aE= Coefficient
in./in./"F (mm/mm/"C).
temperature,
in temperafure
fromambiefit@nditions
to meanmetaltempefdurcfor
lTy = Difference
tubes,"F ('C).

o
o

psi (kPa).
Er = Modllusof Ehsficitycf trbes at meanm{altemperature,

o
o
o

elementat meanmetaltempratlre,psi
Er = Modulusof Elasticityof interconnecting
(kPa)

fromanrbientmnditids to meanmetaltemperd.refu
lTp = Differenceintmperafufe
interconnecting
element,'F ('C)

Ar = Totalcrosssectionalareaof tubes,inz1mm21.
element,in21mm21.
At = Totd crosssectionalareaof interconnecting
lorcedueto the differencein thermalexpansionbetweentubesryd
Frc = Resultant
elementlbf (kN).

o
o
o

RCB.7.1
2'04TUBESTRESSCONSIDERATION-A)(|AL
STRESS
Theaxialstressesin thetubesdueto thermalexpansionandpressureloadsfid not
exceedthe Godealtowabtes:tress
S of the tubesat designtemperature.
Thetotalcombinedstressof thetubeson psi (kPa),is givenby:
O r=

op+ o?"<S

op, psi(kPa),is definedas:

Theaxialstressdueto prssure

rn(c'-uao')
oP=

where

P=

psi (kPa).
Greaterof shellsideor tubesiddesignpressure,

A.13,in.(mm).
Q = PerParagraph
lV= Numberoltubs

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O

o
o
o
o
o
o

,,..
o
,,i,,,,,,,,1

a
.l' :r,:i. : .:,rt-'.,.

5.7-,4

rr

'

@TubularExchangcrllanufrrcturersAssocirtlon, Inc.
''':::

t,,,
:::,..
: : . : . :; rli:, :, :. ;: ::,l, O
o

,..,,,.,,i:.,
O

o
o

o
o
o
a
o

MECHANICAL
STANDARDS
TEIIA CI-ASISR C B

RCB.7.1
25 COTINECTED
DOUBIf TUBESIIEETS
Thefubesheebareconnected
in a mannerwhld,rdistributesaxialloadbdrvsr
tubesheets
by meansof an irterconnectlng
cyinder. Theetfed of tre ffi
rdid
growlhbetweenfubesheets
is a maiorfactorin tubesressesandspacingberreen
tJbeshets.
lt is assumedtheinterconnecting
cylinderandfubesarbdgdnqEh o
mufuallytranslerall mechanical
andthermalaxialloadsbetrveentfredbed|ei

o
o
t

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
a
a
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
a
o
o

sEcnoil 5

_-l

r
tz

TI

FIGUFERC&7.125
RCB-7.1251 TUBESHEETTHICKNESS
Calculqtethe iotal cornbinedtubesheetthickneosI per paragraph Ai3.
where
T = Greaterof the thickness,in. (mm),resultingfrom paragraphsAlgl or Alg2
usingvariablesas definedin paragraphRCB-7.1241.
Establishthe thicknessof eachindividualtubesheetso that tzrh> rand the minimum
individualtubesheetthicknssrr and 4 shailbe the gt""t", oi e"ogr"pf, n.iir ot
A.1313,
whenapplicable.
tt = Thicknessof tubesidetubesheet,in. (mm).
t, = Thicknessof shellslle tubesheet,in. (mm).
RCB7.1252 i'INIII UII SPACINGBETMEil TUBESHEETS
The minimumspacingg, in. (mm),betweentubesheetsrequiredto avoidoverstressot
tubes resultingfrom differentialthermatgrowthof individualtubesheetsis given by:

'...:'tt
'..i, :
,
.. a ,

',,:;'.,
,. r,.

afo= TubeODbetweent besheets,in. (mm).

,,.r:,,
. :-,,.:,.'

lr :
":;,:,:'",',"',,
,,:,t,.,;.., ..,,,,

'r, ',.

, , 1, , r , , , : , 1i; f ,

Differential
radialexpansionbeinreenadiacentfubesheets,in. (mm).
(Measured
tromcenterol tubesheetto Dp).

ii,i; :.i:.t:

@*

..,t:t,,,,

,. ..

",.
'...
,','..,

,r:

:i, i, , , .;,

,.,, ,:,,, r,,l:,irii'

,, ,.', .:r, ,:i'ru

ry.remaoru
'

@TubularExctangerllanufuctursrs Associa$on,Inc.

S.z{

o
TEMACI.ASSR C B
MECHANICAL
STANDARDS
FC8-7.1253INIEROIililECTING ELEllEltlTDESIGN- A}(|ALSTRESS
elementaxialstressoIE,psi (kPa),dueto ttrethemal expalsiond
Theinterconnectfrrg
elemnt
thetubes.shallnotexceedtheCodeallowableqtressS of the interconnecting
at designtemperdrre. Theaxialstressis definedas:

l+l
*=lTl

o
o
a
o
a
o
o
t

o
o
o
o

lrl

o- =ltil><to'
(Meuic)
where

$Aetuic)

o
o

vr _

4Ar

where
psi(kPa).
P = Greaterof shellsideortubesidedesignpressure,
A13, in.(mm).
G = PerParagraph
in. (mm),
tubesheeis,
da= TubeODbetween
:

,r,
;:ir'll;lijl;r .. ,t, ;:r ,,,.., ,.,,, '::,r ;
l 1 . ; , , , ri . . , , i

: : : : , : i , ' i : . . : : : .i : : , j , rj . :

Thestressduem axialthermalexpaniionol tubesor,'psi (kPa),is definedas:

F,,
'-

.o, ,^,- A ,
F_(Metric) oo=!'E-*1ga
trr

'''''

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
. .. , t : :..,O

.,,,,,'.,
..O
.,.,.,,,
O

:.,:,,,,
O

o
o

o
o
o
o

i,IECHANICAL
STAI{DARDS
TEMACLASSR c B

sEcTtot{s

HCB-7.I26SEPARATE
DOUBLETUBESHEETS
Thefubesheets
areconnectedonlyby the interconnecting
trbs. Thediect d
differential
radialgrorvtfrbetweentubesheets
is a mairr tactorh fuOesbessesrtd
spacingbetweenfubesheets.lt is assumedftat no loadsarefanEile{redbe{rcen tre
tubeshets.

o
o
a
o
o
o

r
tZ

t,

FIGURE
RC8.7.126
RCB.7.'261
TUBESHEET
THICKNESS
catculate
tubesidetubesheet
perparagraph
thickness
A.13. usealtvariables
as
perTEMA,neglecting
defined
all considerations
o strettsidedesignconditirms.
calculatesfrellsidetubesheetthicknessperparagraphA.13. use d rrariaHes
as
definedperTEMA,neglecting
all considerations
oi tubesidedesignconditions.
RCB.7,1
262MIiIII,IUMSPACINGBETWEENTUBESHEETS

a
o

o
I

o
o
o
o
o

RCB-7.21
TUBEHOLEDIAUETERS
AI{DTOLERANCES

a
o
o
I

1...:':......'.1.':.,....]..

ii ,,',, ,

, .,

o
o
o
O

,,, ,

'i,i

o
':1

a
I

a
o
o

, 1 . ,1 , 1 1
. ,....

wrwv.tomaorg

@TubularExchangerllanufacturers Associaffon,Inc.

5.7-7
.
,
.
,
,l. .,,.
i:

o
o
o

sEcfloNs

MECHANICAT STAIIIDARDSTEMA CLAS}SR C B

TABLERCB-727

I
O

ANDTOTERANCES
TUBEHOLEDIAMETERS
in
Dimensions
tlominalTubeFloleDiameterand UnderTolerance

OverToleranc:
96%of tube
holsmustmestvaluein
may
column(c).Remaindet
nct exceedvaluein columt!
/,,11

Nominal
TubeOD

illominal
Diamebr

114
318
112
5/8

0.2s9

314

0.7d)

il8

0.885
1.012
1.2&

1 114

0.384
0.510

0s85

1 112
2

1.518

2ln

2.528

3.033

2.O2.

Under
Toleranca
0.004
0.(x)4

0.(xx

0.(xx
0.0(H
0.004
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.012

tlominal
Diamstsr

Under
Tolerance

o.2s7
0.382
0.508
0.633

0.002
0.002
0.002
0.0(p
0.002

0.88:l

0.002

1.010
1.2e1

0.@

1.514

0.003

2.018

0.003

2.523
3.027

0.004
0.004

{c)
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.(E2

0.007
0.007
0.008
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010

0.@3

0.003
0.003

0.010
0.010

0.004
0.004

0.010

o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Dimensions
in mm

o
,,. : .,,,o
. - . ,,,
r (D
o

':.,:.;,;'1,,:,:,,
'I

o
: ' , , , , : : , , , , . l ' t : , ": ' j

o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o

-o
a
o
a
a

UECHAI.IICAL
STANDARDS
TEIIA CLASSR C B

RCB:1.2,TUBESHEET
UGAIIEI{TS
Tabfes RCS7.22andRCB-7.EMgMeprmissible
tubesheetligarnerts,drilld.iftard
recommenddmaximumflrbewallth&J<nesses.

o
a
a
o
a
o
a
o

TABT"E
RC&7JII
TABLEOFTUBESHEET
LIGAMENTS
ANDRECOMMENDED
HEAVIEST
TUBEGAGES

Tuba
Tube
Dia
PiSrp
do

114

5116
3/S
2eF4
112
17IQ

pld o

P'do

1.25
1.50

1/16
1E

a
t

1 118

20
20
'18
'lg

st3e

us

l8
16
16
16
t5
14
14
13
12
12
12
12
12
10
10
10

5tu.
3/16
118

5l:r2
3116
1t4
3/16
114
sit6
3E

1 r/16 't.42
I 118 1.50
7B 1 3/32 'r.25
1 3/16
1 'lt4
1 t/4
1
1 s/16
t3a
11h 19,
1t2
718
2 2 1t2
3 1/8
3 3

1/8

r.33

fbai/i61
Tu$o l{qninsl
Hol6
usaRcommnt
mndsdTubo oia.
GagsBWG Sld. Ftl Widfl

5W

1.21
1.3rir
.42
't12 5/8
125
1.31
21le
11/16 1.38
1.4
518 3t4
23132 1.25
13y16 1.30
7B
1./O
st4 15/16 1.25
3i8

o
a
o
a
a
o
a
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o

SECTIO}I5

1.n

1.36
1.,|{}
125
t.31
1.38
1.21

1A
5/16
3/8

o
I

16

I
I

TubsshstThid{|6s

11n 2
2112 3
4
5
6
o.250 0.(}31 0.025 0;025 o.025 0.
o.116 0.o83 o,o7t o.070 0.064
0.384 0.069 0.041 0.@6 o.oE2 0.{}28 0.m4
0 . 1 1 6 0.087 0.o8it 0.079 0.075 0.fio o.062
0.147 0 . 1 1 9 0 . 1 1 4 0.1100.106 0.r02 o.0*! o.(t85 0.076
0.510 0. 5 0.009 0.086 0.082 0.079 0.076 0.0@ 0ldt
o.146 0.1s o.1170.113o.rt0 o.107 0.101 0.094 0.m
0.178 0.151 o.1l|8 0.1,L5o.142 0.r30 o.1& 0.126 0.1t9
0.635 o . 1 1 5 0.(a0 0.o77 0.075 o.o72 o.070 0.065 0.0590.054
0.146 o.i tl 0.109 0.106 o.103 0.101 o.06 o.osl 0.086
0.178 o.142 0.140 0.137 0.135 0.132 o.121 o.12. 0 . 1 t 7
o.2q
0205 02xJ2 0.2c[) 0.197 0.t95 0.189o.t04 0.179
0.178 0.14:l o_1410.139 o.137 0.135 o.130 o.12e o.1?4.
o2@ 0.206 o.204 0.201 0.ts 0.197 o.tgit o.r89 0.184
0.303 0.268 0.e66 0.44 o.ftz 0.260 0.255 0.251 0.247
0.365 0.ct1 0.329 0.326 0.324 o.M2 o.318 0.3140.3@
0.885
0.175 0.173 0.171 o.t70 0.168 0.1ar0.1600.157
0.206 0-205 0.203 o.201 o.199 0.195 0.1s20.188
0i2@ o.26'1 0.e65 0.263 o.262 0.258 o.254 0.251
0.331 0.4ro 0.328 0.326 o-924 0.320 0.3t7 0.313
o.ut8 0.205 0.m3 0.2m o.200 o . l $ 0.195 0.192 0.18e
0.301 o.87 o.268 0.264 0.2&l 0.261 0.258 0.255 oEl
0.3&t. 0:3rD 0.328 0.&7 0.s25 0.323 o_320 0.9t7 o.314
'1.&
s6
026{l o,2
0.261 0.258 0.256 o.253
1518

2.04

1.8
1.8
5
1.25 . M

Mhimfir std. Liganfts (96%of ligsmd s muslqualot

erc6dvdrr6tabulalodbehnrl

2.51

0.357 0.325 0.@4 0.323

w
0.478
4A6 0.445 o.M
osgT
o.
0.54+ E4
o.
o-a

0.341
0.4,ri!
0.563
.684

l&*
nl
PflnasEtao
tiJgnsil
vtr.dl

o.025
o.060

o.(xto
0-060
o.060

o-drs
o.og0
o.od,
o.o?5
o.090
o.lal
o.000
o.120
0.150
o.185
o.105
o.120
o.150
o.185
o.120
0.150
o.185
o.t5{t

0.318 0.316 0.314

o-lg0

o.442 .,1{o 0.4it8

o.&

0.562 0.5
o,683

0.aD

0.559
81

Note:The abovetable of minimumstandardlbamnts is bdsed m a llgnrnenttolerancenot e)eedlng ttle sum of iflice the dri{ drn
tdea|ce pl$ 0.020"for t/bs less lhdr qif OD and 0.0$' for tube6 5/8' OD end largr.

ri, D,{tfti|,ryF,=

* Fortubhllnicknasses
grcderthan6', it is petmissible
lo dtormine
mhhnumsiandardligamrtsaccording
to the nole
above'
:,l
.:i

'

:.

,,
''

,i

,i

'

,
:

o
a

o
o
o
o
o
o

wwrr.toma.otg

@TubularExchangrllanuhctrr|1sAssoclation,Inc-

AZ

sEcnoN5

o
o
a
a
o
a
o

MECHANICAL
STANDARDS
TEMACI-ASSR C B

TAAIE RC&7"A2I
TABI.EOFruBESHEETUGAMENTS
I{EAVIEST
TUBEGAGES
AIID RECOMMENDED
mmm
Tub
Iub Pidl
Oia
P
do

pld o

Tube Nomktal
llavl66t
Hob
usaRecommsnt
msnddTub Oia
@sB\,VG s1d.Ffr Widtl

Minimum$d. LigEms|ti (9696of lig8mrtsmusrsqualor

srcodrlueetabuhld bolowl

1 . 6 1.59
t -50 9.18

7 .2 1 1 .S8
12.70 1.33 s.l0
13.49 7.42 3.57

a
20

38.

63.5

0.6s5 0.dls o.6iF o.g

2.1@ 1.950 1.T18 LGe6
1.04i 0.91,f0.813 o.711
2.210 2.1082-0f)7 1.905
3.023 2.896 2-794 2.@2
2.261 2,1W 2.083 2.@7
3.708 3.0.|8 2.572 2.870 2.ru4
4.521
3.8:tri 3.750 3,688 3.607

6.579 1.872
2.W
9.754 1.753
2.W
3.7U
12.954 e.921

Widtl
8.1

7.94
9.53

6.4

tlhinrr
P5,mbcilt
LiJsrr

762

o
o
o
a

101.6 127.Ot 52.4

0.dt5
1.544

0.10
o-76e
1.774 1.575
1544
2.591 2.82 2.139 1.gx)
1.gF
15.88 1.25 3.18
t8
1.930 1.75.3 1.000
t.524
12.7
'It$
2.71;a2.565 2.388 2235
16.67 1.31 3.97
t6
3.505 3.353 3.200 3.023 2.ffi
17.6
1.38 4.76
16
16.t 29
r9.05 1.m 3.18
16
2.042 1.956 1 905 1.829 1.778 1.651 1.499 1.372 1.524
15.9
19.84 1 . 2 5 3.97
t5
2.819 2.769 2.@2 2.616 2.565 2.44 2.Sfi 2.1U
r.9(F
M,H
t.txt 4.76
t4
3.607 3.556 3..180 3.429 3353 ?.m 9.009 2.972 2ffi
5-,,J7 5.t3t 5.080 5.ma 4.S53 {.80r 1.674 4.547 3.0{8
4,.4
l.rs 6.35
14
tg.gx 4.541 3.632 4.581 3531 3.480 3.48 3.fltz 3.2@ 3.099 2.M
l0
19.1 23.81 1.25 4.76
6.0s6 5.232 5.182 5.105 5.65 5.004 4.902 4.801 4.674
25.40 't.33 6.35
12
3.0rt8
7.@6 6.807 o. /ctt 6.706 6.655 6,6(14 6.47f b . J / c 6274
3.4|0
26.99 1.12 7.9
12
a.&7 a.*i7 a2a0 8.?trr 8.1re 8-0?7 ?_975 7.8r
9.n1
28;58 1.50 9.53
12
4gr
p,479 5.3&| 4.&
4.4e4 4.34d| 4.318 426f 4.'166 4.004 3.938
2,6dit
4,2
27.78 7 . 8 5.56
12
6.096 5.W. 5.n7 5.156 5.105 5.055 4.95S 4An 4.7f5
1.2S 6.35
3.Oig
28.58
12
7.6!t6
6.&ts 6.742 6.731 6.680 6.655 6.553 6.452 6.975
30.16 1.36 7.9
to
3.810
9.271
4.47
8.342 8.:Kll 8.280 8.29) 8.128 4.o52 7.SO
31.75 1 . 9.511
t0
4.e9
25.76 6.O{5 5A? 5.156 5.131 s.0@ 5.029 4.53 48n 4.801
3J,18
31.75 1.25 6.3s
to
6.4
7.645 a.792 6.756 6.706 6.080 6.6?9 6.55S 6,4n 6.375
33.34
1 . 3 1 7.p4
I
9.810
34.9:t
1.34 9.53
9
9.UO 8.382 8.3:11 8.3{168.255 8.204 8.128 8.0527.974
4.609
(l
32.106 7.5S5 6.756 6.731 6.6
.665 6.629 6.553 6.502 6.426
3 1 . 8 39.@
1.25 7.94
3.810
38.557 9.068 8.255 8.230s.N4 8.179 s.i53 8.On 8.02 7.976
4.512
47.69 r.25 9.53
I
38.1
51.359
I
11.82 1.2271 t . 1 7 r 1.125 6.050
63.50
t.t
I
I
2:
6
4
14.304 .27 14.24 14.
63.5
79.38
1.25 :l5.88
6
14-3ti 14.4 14.
7.e.
n.w 19.212
17.41 17.4 17.38 17.36{l 17.9 17.31 17.8
76.2
95.25 125 19.05
6
8.8S
n a ligamntlolerance nol oaeeding It| sum cf twice
Alotes: Ths abo\retabl of minimun stardard ligamentsis basd on
l'lotes:
t$riceth dd[ &ifr
&ift
11.51

9.5

18
t8

o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

,
tf,'S"H'lfl.Hffim*ilffH,3?"ffi***,%F'5'emm.ooandre's*
",,,,

* For lubesheet th'lcknessesgrc08rthan I 52.4mm,it is permissibleto determineminimumsiandardligamentsaccodirq b ItE rde

above,

" ' ; ' '; i , , ,; , : , , ; r.. '

o
o

o
o
o
o

'r.
i:O
:::r::::;il;l

o
', 'o

. : , ; . , 1 , , , il 1O

5.7-10

,,,.o
,,,,,
::.:,'Iry+?f4g-s-,
:
:
...:
,'',, .l: :1,',',,,:
: : ,1

o
o

o
a

O
I

o
t

a
o
o
o
I

o
I

a
a
I

a
o
o
o
o
o
I
I

a
o

iIECHATiIICAL
STANDARDS
TEiIA CITSS R c B

sEcTtoNs

G7.24 TUBE HOLEGROOVING

Fordesignpressuresorer 3(x)psi (2068kPa)and/ortmperdJrsin excessd 350"F (lfl "C),

fte tubeholesfor expandedjointsfortubes5/8' (15.9mm)OOandlargersM be mac*dned
wifr
annularfinggroove(s)
for additional
longifrrdinal
loadreoishnce.Forsirengthnrddedtrbe b
joinb, ringgroovesarenotrequired.
tubesheet
(1) Forrollerexpandedtubejoints,whentJbesfietthld<ness
er<ceeds
1" (25.4mnr),
d leasttwo
growesshallbe used,eachapproximdely1/8' (3.2mm)wideby 1164'(O.l|rrrn)deep.
Tubshets
wift thid<ness
lessthanor eSlalto 1' (25.4mm)maybe provirledwiilrone
groo\re.
(2) Forhydraulicor o<ptosive
expanded
tubeioints,whentubesheetthickne sceed5
3" (76mm),at leasttwogroovesshallbe used.Minimumgroovewidthsfrallbe calculdedas
w =156llRt whereB = meantuberadiusandt = fubewallthickness,
eltoeptgroovewidfl
neednotexceed112"(12.7mm1.
Groovedepthto be 1/O4'(0.4mm).Tubedreetswith
thicknesslessthanor equalto'3' (76mm)riay be provided'witronegroove.
Whenintegrally
clador appliedtrbesheet
facingsareused,allgroovesshouldbe inthebase
materialunlssotherwisespecifiedbythe purchaser,
Othergrooveconfigurations
maybe used
basedonthe ochangermanufacturer's
eleeilenceor the recommendations
of lhe expansion
equipmentmanulacfu
rer.
IRCB.7.3TUBE.TOTUBESHEET
JOIiIIS
RCB-7.31
EXPANDED
ruBE-TGruBESHEET
JOilTS
joints
Erpandedtubelo-tubesheet
arestandard.
RB-7.31II"EI{GTH
OFE(PANSION
Tubesshallbe e)eandedintothetubesheetfor a lengthno lessthan2" (SO.g
mm)or the
tubesheet
thickness
minus118'(3.2mm),wtrichever
is smaller.ln no caseshallthe
expandedportionextendbelondtheshellsidefaceof thetubesheetWhenspecifiedby
fte purchaser,
fubesmaybe expandedfor thefull thicknessof thefirbesheet.
G7.311LE]IGTHOFE(PANSION
Tubesshallbe expandedintothetubesheetior a lengthno lessttrantrivotubediameters,
2' (50.8mm),or thetubesheet
thicknees
minus1/8,(S.2mm),
whicfraner
is smaller.In no
caseshalltheexpandedportionexbnd bepnd the shetlsidefaceof thetr.rbesheet.
When
speciliedbythe purchaser,
tubesmaybe expardedlor thefull thicknessot thefubesheet.

t
t

a
o

RCE-?
Whenbo'tttubesald tubeshee{s,
or tubesheetfacing,areof $itable malerids,lhe t be irints may

.,,,r,.,hci iGEILw

o
o
o
o

be weldd.

Whenweldedtubejnlnb areusedfor additbnalleaktigl{nessonly,andt6e leds are

caniedbythe o<panded
ioint,thetubejointsshallbe sugectto the nfeo d kagraphs

o
I

o
o

@TubularExctangerllanufecturemAssocletlon,tnc.

5.7-11

SECTON 5

a
a
a
o

TEMACLASSR C B
STANDARDS
MECHANICAL
WEU)EDJOINTS
RCE7322 STRE}IGTH
Whenwdddtubejointsareusedto carrythe lorEitudinaltubeloads,considertbnnu|y
FCB-7.2throughRC&7.31.
of Paragraphs
of therequirments
be girrento modilication
R-7.11,C-7.11and&7.11dord
shownin Paragraphs
tubeshet
thic*nesses
Minimum
apdy.
AilO TEST|ilGPROCEDURES
FCB'7.SxtFAARrcATION
for dher sealweldedor strengthwsldedtube
andtestingtec-trniques
Weldingprocdures
jointsdratlbe by agreement
andthepurchaser.
betwnthemanufacturer

a
I

o
o
a
o

JOINTS
BOHDEDTUBE.TGTUBESHEET
RCB.7.3IIEXPLOSN'E
Explosivebondingand/orexplosiveexpandingmaybe usedto attachtubesto lhe tJbesheets
the relevantparameters(e.9.,Ubeshouldbe givento modifying
whreappropriate.Consideration

o
o

3/16' (a.8mm)deepgroovesfor passpartitiongEsk#Tubesheebshallbe providedwithapproximately

t
O

o
o
t
o
o
o
a

R8.7.6CLADANDFACEDTUBESHEETS
shallnolbelessthan5/16'(7.8mm)
thickness
at thetubeside{aceof a fubesheet
Thenominalcladding
whentubesareelqandedonty,and1/8"(3.2mm)rvhentubesareweldedto thetubesheet.Thenominal
otherhan in
ontheshellsidefaceshallnotbe lessthan3/8"(9.5mm).Cladsurfaces,
daddingthickness

o
o
o

o
a
a
o

' ' : ' : : l j : r , r . :l :

o
a

.' :.. :ll,'rt:i

a

llanufacturers Aseociaton, lnc.

:

, . Tsel
' ,) : : ' : .

,,,.,,o
o

l i , ,: l l 1 , , , i { D

o
I

MECHAI.IICAL
STANDARDS
TEIIA CLASSR C B

I
t
I

sEcTtor{5

RCB{ FT"EX|ELE
SHELLELEltEl{TS(Fsg
Thissectionshallapplylo ffxedfubeshetodrangers,whichrequireflo<r,ble
ebrnentsb rdroeddl ard
tubelongitudinal
stressesand/ortub+to-tubesheet
iointloads.Lightgaug6bellou6typeeilpq1gimloif6
withinthescopeof theS'tandards
of the BeansioflJointManulacturers
(g.nfni arern
Associatlon
indudedwiftin the purviewof thissec;tion.
Thepamgraphs
containedwihh ftb sectftrtpnoirtrte
r*e arO
gruidelines
for determining
thespringrateandsfessesusinga two{imerniond nrdsyddic FniF
ElqnentModel(FEA)for tre FSEor FSEcombinations.
flangedonlyandflanged-and{ud
type6d
etqansioniointsare exampleof flodblesfielldementcornbinations.
Thedesignershatlcon$er tre moet
adtfseoperatingconditionsspeciliedby lhe purdraser.(SeeparagraphE2.)
Historiccalculation
mdtods for flexibleshelldementswerebasedon classicalanalysbu*ng d# ard
beamtfieory.Classicaltheoryutilizedsquarejointsbetweenannularandcy'indricaldomponanb
of g1e
flexibleelement.To accountfor knucklesbetweencomponents,
paramAers
modifying
ucre lncorporated
intothecatculations
andwereverifiedby comparison
witr experimenan
ridasur"rens J
ft ti;.
"b"*
Whilettresehistoriccalculation
methodshavebeenusedfor over50 years,modemengineering
tools and
mefiodsprovidelor a moreaccurateanalysisol a flexibleshellelemer. Modemtoolsallowf1gOesignerto
modelactualgeomebies
anddirec{ycalatlatest-iffness
andstressesassociated
geometry.
witha specifieO
'
Theneedto utilizecurvesandcorectionfac,tors
to mimicexperimental
resultrg
is no longa neceGarybr
appropriate.

o
o
o
o
t

a
I

o
o
a

TheFiniteElementM,$odhasbeenadopedforthe designof flexibledenrentsdueto tfte lima6ionsal

plateandbeamtheoryutilkedon the S. l(oppandM.F.Sayerequivalentgeometry.Theoelimitationsnot
onlyresultin an incomplete
analysls,theyatsoresultin orrerestimded
silessesat ttrekruckleto annular
platediscontinuity.
Thisresultsin increased
thiitness,ihusstifinessol theflexiHeelementwfrich
counteracts
the FSEs puryose.Theflexibleelernentlendsitsellnicelyto liniteelementdesigndueto the
geome{ryandthe adsymfietricshape.In addiffon,welldefinedboundaryconditionsandloaclingconditions
promoteuniformresults.Theclassicalplateandbeamtheoryusedfor fl6xitteelements&es n6tprediAa
stateof shessat the knucklesor cornersof theflexibleelementandno retiableanalyticalmethodio
evaluate
stressat theknuckleandknuckleto annularplatejunctionexists.

o
o
I

o
o
o
a
a
o
t
O

a
t

o
I

o
o
o
o
o
a
o

,] ,,],:. ., .,.,,,

'
l:
r. , , .,,lj. t,

,: ,,,1.
,;:.1',.,
,,..,,

' '',' :,,:::',,'

,;

5&t

'

,1 .1, ,:i',r,: .,:r,

: 1 :' :

]:::::'.:

a
I

sEcTroN
s

TEIIA CLASSR C B
STAI.IDARDS
MECHANICAT

Al{D UUITATIOI{S
RCB-8.1APPUCAnOil HSTRUCTIOiIS
is applirnblebaseduponthefollowing
Theanalysiscontalnedin theloflowingparagraphs
assumPtions:
loadingsareaxial.
APPlied
Torsionalloadsarenegligible.
or mechanical,tlhennd
of sffessesdueto thermalgnadients
Thereis no consideration
transients.
thk* to atroidinsiability.
TheflexiHeelernenbaresufficiendy
Theflodbledmentsareaxislmmtrio.
Materialis isotropicandthe responseis linearlyelastic.
RCB-8.11

a
a

a
o
a
o
o
o
o
o

a
a
o
a
I
(8)

(e)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)

o
o
I

o
o
a
o
O

o
o
I

o
o
o

a
o

o
' , , , l ' :. I

o
t

a
o

MECHAilICALSTAI{DARDSTEiIA CLASSR C B

sEcTtofls

RCB.82GEOI'ETFYDEFINITION
Thegeonetrymaybe madeup of anycombinartbn
of cyinder8andannularpl# rilt or $lfEd
knuckleradiiai theiriunc:tions.
RCB,I PI{YSICALGEOTETRY
COilSTAI{TS
FigureBC&821 detinesthe notnenclature
usedin thefollowingparaglrapftsbcdr.g16;l
nominaldimensions
of thellexiblelements.

a
a
a

FIGURERC&,8.21

o
t
o
t

(.a

tI

^t

al

s)J

o'

a
o

.fr'

_l

t
I

o
a

where

t
t

/oand { are the lengthsof the cylindersweldedto singleflexibleshellelemenb.

Whenlwo flexibleshellelementsare joinedwitha cylinder,the applicablecylinderlength,/o
or d usedlor calculationwith the FSE shall be half the actual cylinder length.The cylirier
lengrth,
li shallnot be lessthan 3.6rlGt, . Theseproceduresassumethatthe FSEis far

I
I

rem-oved
fromanygrossdiscontinuities.
Theminimum
lengthof 3.
thereis no interaction
of boundary
conditions
witr tt FSE.
RC8+22 A)(sYililETRICIIODEL
TheFSEdlall be moddedas twodimensiona,l
axisymmebic.
Modelsthatarethree
dimensional
axislrnmericandtrat aresubjededto a)(isymmeuic
loadingareredred to
twodimensional
axisyrnmeuic
modelsfor ouranalysis.Thesymmetrydan onea<is
resuhsin all deformations
andsbesssto be independent
of a rotationalangle,0.
ReferqrceFigres RCB.B.22andRCB.A3.

o
o
o

a
o
)

a
o
I

]::': j.

't
:.,

tr.

o
O

o
o

a
a
o
e
o
o

',, ' '''

i,. i,.

:l

.j,.

5A

',
t'' r':l t,ll.lr.:,I ..;
:

r,

;:!:;:.'

sEcnoN
s

o
a
o

TEMACLASSR C B
STANDARDS
MECHAI,IICAL
FIGURE
RCB{.22

u-lqrrlr

o
a
o

1- lr,,t lr
t- 1f..r)f
2-{l-t lr
P, didrlhrE
d|G*d.

o
a
o
a
a
o
I

o
o
o
I
O

RCB{.23
.

\- - -.4/- =

dv-rdAdrdz
* rd0 dA

o
o

.*.

'.:':.
::

l :

, :

r:. i,,i

.r:r ; l

:,,:;'

l:.:.,,

,,\\.;i,ria

O
' .,
: ,,,',
: ,,,,.
t,:O

'"w*

',.,
l 1 ; ' , ' .,. a, .

o
o

*t,.,.d',

:::;:; ,. :t;i ,,;;

, t . ' i , , 1 . ' r , ,O
,,,,

'.,

. i :' : ll

. . j : : l : . ] , i i , : :

::

, ' . l i, : . , . .. , , : ,

.,:'

t,,'

:i.

l:

::,

i:::

: ; : : 1 .: ,: . : : ; : . a l , O

"i',,: .ll: ,i.:::

: : :: .: : : : : : : :, ,. :: ,.,. : :

.''

5.&4

@Tubular Exchanger ilanulacturqs Association, lna

,,:.

o
": r t ,,.,-,',
: : , t , l ., O
ii
o

, . , : , , t , itj

o
o

o
o

ilECHANICALSTAI{DARDSTEMACLASS
RC B

SESNONs

RCB.3IIESHDEVELOPMENT
Thissec{iondescribes
thetypeof meh andme6hdrnentBthd shdl be ussdh fie F$Emodd.
Useof lhe guidelinesbelowwillass.rrelhal an dequate numberandtypeof demanbe tFed
andthattheyaresfategicallyplacedfor ttresuessevaluationprocess.ihe fotciqgd
meshingmit(ptes issuesof extrapolation
of dressesandresuitinghighstressesh}1jiF-,"try
dueto discontinuities,
throughtfrenumerioal
integrdionprocessatongcleryly<Hrd eggr[*
RCB-8.31SIHUCTURED
tEsrl
The meshdardopedfor the FSEshallbe a sfucturedmesh.A sbuctJrdme$ b one hr
wlticfithe meshconnectivity
is sucfrthateactrmeshcellstnrs a facedt a6e4t ;dr
cells.In otherword9,,-neg!ceil (i,fl sharesa fiacewifrrceil (i+i,i), cil0-1,0,oit
1i1*t; ano
celt(i,i-1).Themeshshafibe.organized
alongcleargeometric
uieat<ooini*hilnmery,
and the elemenledgesshaltfollowa sfaight linefrom one free surf* b rdrer a16x1ij
nd*r*.
e,grrE
${ 1'1t be usedas a StressClassfficatiinLinefor ouput pr*dfr.
RCB-8.31.

o
a
o
o
o
o

FIGURE
RCB.31

8-NODE QUADRATICELEMENT

l':

o
o
o
a

I,J

MESH CELL, t

a
a

i,j l

i-1,j+l

i-l,i i

i-l,j-1

i;j=t- i+l, j-1

Themeshshallbe developedusingeightnodedquadraticaxisymmdrb
dements.
Sixquad-ratic
dis$acementelementsshallbe usedthroughthethickness.
ElementsadFicentto strecsdaisificdion linessnouHhaveaspect,Aios no
$eder than
two andshoutdhavetheiraxiattengtlrno gr"at", t
O.ediOl ffi"r" 0 b mefrffia}
"n
lll stressdassificationline.

a
o

a
a
o
o
I

a
a
a
a
a
o
tl

l:, il',,"

'if

..;,

i.t- i' :.,

'f:l
i , . t :: : , , , : ,

.;.',,.;.. ,':.,

a
o
sEcnoN5

a
o
a

TEMACI.ASSR C B
STANDARDS
MECHAT{ICAL

CONSIOERATIONS
COI{DMONSA'{D LOADIT{G
RCB.4 BOUNDARY
'
and
endboundaryoonditions
modelshallhavetheappropriate
axisymmtric
Thetrrrc-dimensioaral
TaHe
RCB-8.4.
in
conditim
as
shown
for
loadings
eac*r
necessary
TABL"ERC&8.4

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
a

VARIANONS
PARAITETER
CONDITION

TubesldePressureOnly,Noie(1
ShellsidePres$re + Tube6idePr$$rre
Note(1
Expansion,
TubesidePressureOnly+ Differential
Shdl $idePreosure+ TubesidePressure+ DiflerentialFlpansion
{1)Thisconditionb notapdbaHetor differntialpressure

COOIDMONS
RCB.A4IBOUNDARY
Thefoilowingboundaryconditionsshallapply:
inthear<ial
direction.
endshallbe unrestrained
(1) Thesmalldiameter
in the odal direction.
(2) Thelargedirmeterendshallbe restoained

o
t
a
o

RCB.42LOADINGCONDMONS
shallapply:
loadingconditions
Thelollowing
FORSPRING
RATEDETERI'INATION
CONDITIONS
LOADING
along
of springrateshallbe appliedas a loaddirected
Theloadingfor determination
theaxialdirectionactingalongthe smalldiameterendsudace'

o
a
a
o

DETERMINATION
FORSTRESS
CONDITIONS
LOADING
of the 1m{ end
(1) Theloadingfor axialforcesghallbe enteredas dispbcemenfs
tr
duelo mechanically
displacements
Ihe desbnershall'detemine
diameter.
as
shown
in
Table
for
eac*r
cr,ndition
apply
forces
and
hermallyinducedo<ial
from
canbe calculated
fot echcondition
Thedisplacement
RCB-8.4.

a
I

to applythepropel
in RCB-8.5.Thedesigneris cautioned
springrde determined
il a
Fore><amPle,
FSE
is
modeled.
fi onehalfof the
',r'r::
offtlsi
iSclbUlatdd,fienon+half
,' i:r:,,:,,
''
ttreSynme0icFSEmodel.In ganer4,' "'' "
I
appliedto
6urrr- - d - (^ -:-)' wtrered*o^, is the amountof displacement
Llv
..
.: .

a
,a
o
r'.':"'i o

fsp ..

trt"ayttfi;tFsei.ua*a w; i"tt;m';mwotnexiouetemefiFht|:
FQureRCB.41.
shell.Reference
Sfrelbideinter.ralprssurcshallbe appliedat the insidesurlaceof the moddas8,
:
l
surfacepressre.

for boft lhe conoded and unconodedcass.

o
a
o

steps('l) through(3)for the

b t 6 , . j . r , t : i it: :

o
:j::i
,i,t ,;:
,,''r:,j'.,

'j,',,.',li."i
,

mrw.tgm.41g
r , ,. , . i " ' : ; '

o
O

: i : . , :, ., , ,i , ,O

ilECHANICALSTANDARDS
TEMACLASSRC B

FIGURERCB{.4I

FLEXIBLEELEMENTLOADING
AND BOT]NDARY
CONDITIONS
SHOWNIN FIGURERCB-8.42

a
o
o
a
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
a
o
a
o
I
I

RESTRAINEDAXIAL TRANSI.ATTO
N

a
I

o
O

o
o
o
a
o
o
o

o
o
a
o
a
o

i,,
,.,r.,1,'... .,,

li, ,l,1,,,,

: , ' ; , . . . . , , .,,1' r , , ;

.t' . ,. ,, . .r

1, 1;'1,.'
,=,.,,,t.',,

CEIImERUNE OF HEAT EXCHANGER

ryYter'oT
;:,',:,..,;,,,,,,,

sEcTroN5

a
a
o

STANDARDSTEMACLASSR C B
MECHANICAL

5
SECTTON

OF SPRINGRATE
RCB.8.5DETERTIII'IATION

a
a

The flexible elementspring rate shatl be determinedas follows:

(1)

The FSE shallbe modeledand meshedas describedin RCB-8.2and RCB-8.3.

(2)

An axial lo?d, F*r,

(3)

The FEAshallbe perfonnedand the dispbcementin the axialdirection,6-r, shallbe

o
o
o
a
o

as describedin RCB-8.42shallbe appliedat the smallend diameter.

This tod shallbe equalto {tt | 4)* G2 + 100 lbf/inz.

force.
notedfu fi givenaPPlied
UV**
FSE,Kn shallbecomputed
(4) Thespringrateof theaxisymmetric

. The spring

5no*

ratefor the entireFSE, K^o is ;Kr,

z

(5) WhenonlyoneFSEis present,

thespringrateis givenby K^o above.Whenmultiple
thespir4 rateis givenby
FSE'sarepresent,
Krr.=
--l--

ll

-:.-

f ,",tt

Kt.s,;z

[t s,tn

springratefortre entiresystem,K^o,, Kn*r...Kn*,are

whereKo is theequivalent
from
calculated
individually
springratesof eachof n flexibleshellelements,
therespective

o
I

FIGURERCB{.51

o
a
o
a

'f

I
.'O

a
,o
''|l

ONEFLEXIBLEELEMENT

TWOFLEXIBLEELEMENTS

o
.::a
I
I

'o
@fubularExchangelItanufact-urercAssociation,
lnc.: ,:

,: ,:,:ylemaqg

,,,,

o
t

MECHANICAL
STANDARDS
TEiIA CLASSR C B

I
I

sEcnq{ s

RC&,8.6STfiESSA'ALUANON

a
a
o

TheFEAshallbe perfornedaftelthFSEhasbeenmodeled,meshed,@nstrainedard loaded.Ihs FEA

componeflt
stssesshallbe separeiled
throughthe FSEsectionintoconstant(membrere)
ild linw
(bending)
sbe6ses.The$ressesshallbe linearized
baseduponcompuhtionof P/,,{ fnentrryre} ard
6* M I tz (tfrfd]ing).TableRCF8.61defineslhe lormulasinvolvedfor he streaslineariatn for ear*rtype
of stess andalsotheconesponding
numericalintegration
performedwilft a cffipuktr
as applicable,
apdicatlon.

o
o

RCB4.6I STRESSEVALUANOilANALYSISSEOUENCE
(1) TheFSEshallbe modeledandmeshedas describedin RCB-8.2andffi.3.

(21 Applypressureandaxialdisplacernents
as describedin RCB-8.42for arfi ld caseh

I
I

TableRC&8.4 or lhe governingdesigncode.

(3)

(4)

Performand validatethe finite elementanatysis.

Establish
the minimumnumberof stressclassilication
linesas describedh RcB.62 and

as shownin FigureRC&.8.62.

o
o

(5)

o
o
t
a

computelinearizedmmbrane
andmembraneplusbendingstressintensities
at ech scL
in accordancs
urihthe recommendations
ol wRC 42g.Elementstressessfiallnotbe
averaged.stressesfor anyscl shallbetakenfromtheelementsontfreftinnsts6e of
anySectionwherethereis a ciange in thicknessor directim.
comparethe stressescornputed
in (5)withthe allowablestresslimitsdefinedln code.
RCB.7shallbeusedwhena latigueanalpisis required.

o
I
I

a
O

o
I

o
o
o

'

,;.::;,,.,,,:,
,.i 1 , ,,,,, ,i ,,,.,.,,,.,
,:r' ,:;'
, t' ' ., ,,,,

,:1 ,

,] :,,

l,l....,..

i;':ii',:,,:.i.,,,',1;.:,i,u;
1i ,,,iy'.,..
1:t,.,,.,,:,;,i::'r:r.::

,,i

'.
i , t i . t ' : .l : j

o
o
a

e
o

a
o
o
o
o
a

r. , , , , ., , , ,

',
, t " , ,1 ,.1 .],,
.,,i

'i.:
l,11.]''1,,'.1-.t.
.,r,,.
a:,rltr;.,,,.,1:i,,,
i:,.,t;j
:.,,'::.

;: ] . 1, , . . . : , , - i

t,' i .:,i :i i ,,

, , , t , -; , '

,,1!,,,,,,j

r ,, : i

:1 ..,,',.,,,
. .l :l :,

,;,

t,

:.i,,.,,, t

'':
,:' , t .:, ..

qltrtiJ Exchfl|l'lilanuracti'|"rs
Asqgclatlon'
l*i,
:,.,,
.'..,i
i,:,, ,: ::

lYr"qP.,""?f?
,...,.,.1
,..

5.&9

o
t

sEcTloN5

o
a
o

TEMACI.AISSR C E
IIECHAIIICALSTANDAHDS
TABLEBCts{.6I

a
o
o
o
o
o
a
a

*..-lq
+

+
tl

'r

q -ll

_t
':l

-l

^ul ^

t/^

- t lEl

| \-/

-ll

o
I
o

i.-.

dl^

ll
*lR

IT

tv

lc

IR

le

tl

tl

tl

II

b"

laf

t
ut
=

bl

bl
+

b'l

2l
il c'l

it N

:l c.l

o
u.l

rXi
+

*hlt.

e.l

o
a
t

x
]J

\i
q

'1t..
:h

d
J

d!
.g

li

tl

tl

l{

E.
ul

r-ri.;+i:!ln:l

- l Al i -{

,,.,2

: , : : . . . , r: r , : . . . . : , , . , , ,

''

',t

UI

:.,'.'.:.,)

a
a

;' ,,;,'.',!,
, ,,t:,:

,lli

,. .,,4 , ,::l i

Vt uJ
z

b',

tt-'+
-

_rd.-ritN

tl

,'

'-\

bl,

:..,,i'l

\s
a<

i'

.".

)-a

)i
\j

o
.o

,'

8lq

o
'-''"o
o
o
o

IL

IL

a af
:,u| .o

lE,'
i ' 4 , , ;, .t{
=
F
.

.:::i

i.:i

i,

'

':

l.

::

::

ilanulacturors Asaocietion,Inc.
@TubularE:<chaner

5.&10
,l

1 , , , ' . . . ,1, ;. ,, :, t
-rt

'

r::

: t , , , ,,:l , ; , : : t r : ,

,;

i 1 . . t ' . i , l. l l l l " :

'o

l; :t:-:,:1
, l::?
:

wwu.tdne.org
O
'
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
1
,
,
.
:
,
,
'
.
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
.
:
.
:
:
:
:
:
,'
).i
; . ,I,

o
I

1T
J

sEcTlolrs

IiECHANICALSTANDARDS
TEIIA CLASSR C B

TABI"ERCB-8.61(Contlnued)

a
a
o
o

;r

lN

*r\ \

)
b
x

}l
I
rl

aZr|(
+
z l (\

+
rl
+

'l

1l
. al a.l

a
o

-l

dl^

'\]

o
uJ

Tltsl\-, I

I
la

o
I

:t

tr

E!

3
q.

I
tr
ut
E

I
I

It vR

tl
.a.E

tl

tl

.+

I
ti

IR

I ,',,

I
x.l
I l^ loli
)al \,

I
I
I

l-

b:

dl\l-

: . ) : . : . . :,

'ul'l

I a,"
l-r
tl

u
F

.i

l!::t:
tL'
F

:'l .i :r<

..,2 ..
ul

\l

'-\
rtlq.

,rl\

+
9
b

it
I
lt

,li
,l

rr

| ,.-\
flT
rl'l

t/-\

**l \*
'' |

(\l

:lj

ao

z
J
I
g
so
o
. , < . ] .r i, Edri

<ul

EO

,?9

ffi9
t

uz
E
u.t

UJ
lL

: , . ' :3. , : ' i i

I ::,,E'r:
'E :.,.

ll-

,:

,,3::,i., .l

o
E.
6

rnlrulemaory

'
@TubularExchangertanufacturere Assochtion, Inc.

j,i

: ' l. .:r':

j(l

''.

: ' ,: '

\:'

tl

jF

'

*lo lol
l<ltld

trJ
LrJ
<rrl
,.:O :,,, o ,
,, f,o
::":
, : . . O:..r,' .:, :.O2; ,. ,

o
, tLo , , ?

-!
b

--lF|
lc{
)sl \li

tl
:: :'r.l1:
4l>.
: I
. : ' : : I ' b , i " . r , , : ' b : i .. tr l

: :2:

c,

::

b
tl

..1:l

::. l:'1"'

'd,
: E K:
,$ ,:..
,
,,'t,'
'l
.!

c\I
LI

' a,
o,,,

lv

-td--lcl

!l

, ,;r.l .l ,,
t l- lttl

IEl

tl

lr
tk

x
1l

t.:

lx

al

,.x
\j

'^.lel-

tatvl

ll

)t
:

xl rlc.l

l'"J
t^

Es

b
I
;
b

A<
\
la

tl

r-lalx

ta
\J

t,^
lR

*l=l
xl | 1..,1

"I^

l"r

.{l

tr

.< l (\
ol

"l

bl
+

^.5

_il f\

I N

it^{ !r
al

-;l ol
ul

ol

I
.;r

lNi
'1-

il
ht

it a{
t-.\
|
vl

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

+'

o
o
o

b
,5

-sl n
r.ll\

.}

..:

5"&lt

o
t

TEiIA CIASS R C B
MECHAI{ICAISTANDARDS

sEcrlor,l5

Where

ol =

sffess
membrane
"r<i"l
6{reas
oi = radiialmembrane

o
I

mernb'rane
stress
oI = circumlerential

o
o
o
o
a

ol, = shearmernbrane
stress
dir= ar<inl
mnaingsfressat Node1
obvz=artlatbendingstressat Node2
obn=4iabendrngstressat NodeI

stuessat Node2
o!r= r&ial bending
bendingstressat Node1
oir = circumferential

bendingstressat Node2
oiz= ckcunrferential

oy,r=totalaxialstressat NodeI

d,: = total radialstress at Node 1

o
I
o

d,,; = total radialslress at Nodej

o ,,t= b/talaxialstressat Nodej

d"o = total axial stress at Node N

a
a
o

o*rv = total radialstress at Node N

dr,r = totalcirqrmferential
sfrcssat Node1
di,i = totalcircumferential
stressat Nodej

or,,iv= iotal circumferential

str6sat NodeN

o,o, = totalshearstressat Node1

on,t=lc',alshearffess at Nodej

(r" = totalstressin axialdirection

! : :

oo,- btal shearstress ,

:
lV = numberof rpdesthroughftickness

,.i

::':.|

= radiusto Node1
R.=fadiUStONOdeZ'i

: r r i : i : j r r : . : ':

t'':' ''.:r

:::i f::: :l

-R - = - R + &
: j . . : ] .

::r ::::::r:

:r

. 5.&12

:'

i t ,

::

As.s,9-t9tl9nr
IncManufacturerl
Exchanger
@Tu-bular
''
'::
.-,:'"'
I
: l :::l: . ,

t
t

a
o
li ';, ":,::l:,tr,
:O
l r : :. . l r i : . : r . , ' r : :

.' ';,;1,,,,
,,, ,;,,,;,,,,
,,,..,.
'!

o
TillTi,.,',,,,,
,.,,,,
I
o

a
o

ilECHANICAL STANDARDSTEMACLASS R C B

sEcTtor{5

fi = radiusto pointbeingintegrated
tR,= radiusto NodeN

I
I

R, = radiusto Nodej
I = thickness
of FSE(N-1)
4 = x coordinateof Node1

x2= x coordinate
of Node2

.rj = x coordinate
of Nodej

'

o
a

t2 cosd

tzR.
7

t-

12p

a
t
t

/= angleas delirc<lin FigureRCB.61

P = radiusof curvature
of lhe midsurface
Theguidelines
of wRc Bultetin
429shallbefollowed.
ThescL's shallbeperformed
as
required
in RCB-8.62.

FIGURERCB.8.6I

o
I
I
I

t'

a
i.l ',

o
o
o
o
o

t.

,:,

',',::
,',
.,,1
'

||

l, , , : ; : : , i; ,, .

!'.
-='

a
t

.,,

';,

,'

';

. 1,,

:;

:'

:,
:,:' ::,,':
;t;:;;,',

].:::.:li,r,::
,;.
.

avuDl

rr4lvlet

l\tlg

\-ttuDD

Slrullufl

usBn FoRSITRESS
evrr,uefron.

REFERENCE
CEOMETRYSHOWNIS FORSTRESS

a
o

'

{)

o
o

@T'bllarExchTg-elllanufachrrersAssociatior,
lncr
,, . ,,,,,
,,,r
,: ,,,,,.:, ,

,,j ':E&Jl,,

5
sEcTroN

TEMACLASSR C B
ilECHANICALSTANDAROS

UNES
STRES{'CLASSIFICATION
RCB.62REOUIRED
linesarerequircdfor tre designandanalysisol
As a minimr.rn,
thelolbwingstressdassification
of WRC429shallbe followed.
flexibledenrents.Theguidelines
9tess ClwsfrcaionLircs shallbe placd at thelollowingiocations.
1) Anychg|lgein modelthkj<nessthatis notan arfficialboundarycondition,suchas sectim&B
in FigureRCB8-62.An o<arnpleof an artificialboundaryconditionis thesdid endcapas
shwrr in FigurRCB{.42
a symmetricflanei $,dl as at boundaryH-Sin
Zl Anymodelboundaryconditionthatrepresents
F(1ure
RCB{.62.
3) Anyclosedor opencomer,suchas sectionsC-DandC-Ein FigureRCB-8'62'
sucfias sectionsH-MandGLin FigureRCB'8.62.
4) Oneithersideof a curvedsec-tion,
5) At frree equidistantpointsalonganycurvedsectionremovedfromtheends,suc$as sections
N{, O.l andP-Kin FigureRCB.62.
6) At tre middleof anyannularplatesec{ion,sucflas sctionFG in FigureR@-8.62.
FIGURE
HCB.8,&I

a
|.

o
o
I

a
t

a
o
o

1
H

\
AXIALPLANEOF /

o
o
a
a

GEOME-TRYUSED FOR
STRESS EVALUATION
IS SHOWNFOR STRESS
CI.ASS]FICATIONLINE O - J

SYMMSIRY

Hr
Ir
.Jr

KrLr

I
I
)

o
a

,t
FLANGEDAND FLUED

a
t
I

:o
I

.o
o
o
"s
a- Forthe inspctionas definedin (1),the FSRFshallnotbe leqsthan1.7for welded

.
" Ll;Jlff#g;33ffi,T"1,T,,1ffin:s'3'T'ilJ?:"lF
. .,..o
. ,., , t *t o ,

:: '

Ff

o
o

MECHANICAT
STANDARDS
TEMACLASSR C B

SECTNN5

RCB{,8 FEAIIETHODS

a
a

Thedesignpmcedures
andmeffrodsdescribedin lhis sec{ionhavebeenreseardredad wrifiedfrr lEse
specificgeometries.
Finiteelmntmodetshavebeencfi66n to reprGentthe possibleFSEgecnetbeTheyhavebeenelominedusingtheseprocedures,
andteling hasbenperb;medin oider6 vfrtfte6e
procdures.
ll is recornmended
thattheseprocedures
arelollowed,howweraltemaefen edniqEmay
be ernployed
if fte followingconditionsaremt
(1) TheFSEgeomeffieareas describedin RCB.2.
(21 Theloadingconditionsareanalyzedas describedin RCB.4.
(3) Theproperboundaryconditimsare appliedlor the FEAtechniqueutilized.
(4) Themembrane
andbendingstressesmaybedetermined
frsn thelinitedernentsreees.
(5) Thefinite-element
analysistechniquehasbeenverified.lf requestedbytrregr$cer, tre
melhodof rrcrification
shallbe submifred
for approval.
(6) Results
areconsistent
amongvariousgeometries.

o
o
o
o
o
I

RCB{.g REFEREI,ICES

{1)

tcl

I
I
I

(3)
(4)

e
I
o

(5)
(6)

RichmondAve.,Suhe109,

a
I

a
I

j
. t i : i : . i t ,, i , l

a
o
o
o
t

i.,;
.l ,, ,.r', .l 1,, ,., r :- .

:; .,,
, , , . . ; 1 , ,, ' i.

, . . ,, , :, .

,,]t],,] ,,.
i.

t i , , , , , , , .: : . . ,

,., 1;,1, ,1,,

, ' . . . t t : ' . .rt r ,

:, ff'tematory
; ,.,,,,:,

.i l:,, i : , .'

I,
,
,,,i,1 ,,

.. ,.

,,',

'

i'

,. , ,' r' ,1
,:.

, , , . l , '' 1 . ' . , , '

;:

'
, . '. , 1"r . '; i.

1 . , , t 1 ;; ,: i. . t , i : . .

I
.

e
o

5.&15

1,,',,,,.t',,.;
,,,,

o
a
o

TEMACLASSR C B
STANDARDS
MECHANICAL

sEcnoN5

o
a
o
I

o
o
a

This pagelntentlonallyblank

o
a
a
o
t
t

o
I

o
a
o
I

a
o
o
I

a
t
t

o
, : , l t ' ] . : ; ;.' , ' : : , : l , : '

'.,,,
':rtr
:,
,l,:

.l',:, : ,

t:,:'..::..,r,i,
t

I
.111,i'.,:1 ... :'
11i
':i , 5.&16
; . i; i.i1.' ; I

l; , , .,

':j
i ::1
::.,.:.i:: ::.i:::,
i :',r.?
'r i

', '' ;'

1 .,, l . : ,

@rubular,Flghanger,Manula$urcrefatlon,lnc.
f

wwu.tomeorg

o
o

ilECHANICALSTATTIDARDS
TEMACI-.ASS
RCB

o
t
o
o

RCB-gCHAI{I{ELS,
COVERS,
ANDBOI{NETII
RCB.I CHA}I]IEI"SAilD BOiIT{ETTI
R.l1 ftitrtflilultTHtcKNES{t
OFCHANNELS
Alio aounErs
channd andbonnetthicknessis determind
bythe code desenformr.dae,
p&nod11;sixl
allowance,
butin no caseshallthe norninaltricknessof chann;b andbomb bs bss than
themhimumshellthidmessesshownin TableR-3.13.Thenominatffi ftil$66 fiordad
channelsandbonnetsshallbethe sameas for carbonsted cfiannels.
cB.ll im{mun THtcKitEssoF cHAilNELtS
ANDBoNNErs
channelandbonnetthic{messis determined
bythe code des{p formuh, ptr correion
allowance,
butin no caseshallhe nominalthic*nessof channelsandbomits be bss than
theminimum
shellthicknesses
shownin TableC&3.13.Thenominal
tctdthi*ness for
dad channelsandbonnetsshaflbe tfie sarneasfor carbonsteerchanners.
RCB-9.12
iltNtMUmhtstDEDEPTH
Formultipasschannelsandbonnetsthe insidedepthshallbe sucfrftd themhimum
cross-over
areafor flowbetrreensuccessive
fubepassesis at laste$Jd to I .gtimes the
flowareathroughthetubesol onepass. when an axialnozdeis used,tre oepmd te
no& cprfierline
shallbe a minirnumol sre.thirdthe insidediameteroi tre nobe.
RC8.9.13PASSPAf,TITIONPIATES
RCB-9.1
31illNttult TH|CI(HESS
The_thickness
of passpartitionsshallnotbe lessthanthe greaterof thalsfrownin Table

a
I

o
I

o
I

a
o
I

o
e
o

orfl"rlq!fl ll.paraogofr
Rc&e.
ptaes
1s2. passiartition
mayG
l91r:1^!1
taperedto gasket
widthat thecontact
surface.

TABLE RCB-9.131

o
a
o

NOMINALPASSPAFTITIONPLATETHICKNESS
Dimensions
are in Inches r | | l
NominalSize
CarbonSteel
Aloy Mderial
114
(6.4)
24 to 60
112
3/8
(610-1524)
(9.5)
fl2.n
61to 100
,u2 ,
,5/8.
, (15.9)
(1549-2ffi)
na.n'

o
t
I

o
o
C

.t

,,.

'

:,

,.,,,:,

: r r j:

'i- ',;,',;
.:.:1r; . ,',, ,.,;,,:,,.

a
t
t
a

.il , ],.

';1r

: ,

, ,, : t :

, ; ,, .. . '

('

e
o

; ''. . . . , i

,=O^@
\ll.ss

where

I
I

SEGTK}ilT

I -',

',,

,' . :

t;

tt

,: . ,.' ,.,.' .,'..:' l t

,,,

,',,

,i ,

. , ,,..

: , , , , , , , , 14',
, : ,, ,

,,,

wwvloma.olg

5.+1
:,,,
llt :,. ,;;lti'
.

t
I

sEcToNs

STAIIDARDSTETA CLASSR C B
TIIECHANICAL

a
o
a

TABLERCB.g.IEI
PASSPARTITION

Threesidesfixed
OneslJe simdysuppoded

Longsidesfixed
Shortsklessimply
suDoorted
alb
1.0
1.2
1.1
1.6
1,8
2.O
-

B
0.020
0.081
0.173
0.307
0.539
0.657
0.718

a/b
0.25
0.50
,o.75
1.0
1.5
2.O
3.0

B
0.4182
0.,,1626
0.,,1860
0.4968
0.4971
0.4973
0.5000

Longsidessimplysupported
B|
0.418e
0.52$
0.5988
0;6310
0.6912
0.7146
0.7500

a/b
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
.o

RCB.lgI PASSPAFNNONWELDSIZE
Thepasspartitimplateshallbe attachedwithfilletweldson eachsidewilha minimum
but
areafioured
legof 3/4 / fromParagraphRCB-9.132,Ofier typesof attrachments
skengith.
shallbe of equivalent
RCB-9.1
34 SPECIALPRECAUTIOI{S
tor
or thioknessrequirements
Specialconsiderdionmustbe givento reinforcement
iniemalpartitionssubiectedto pulsatingfluids,exFemedifferentialpressuresand/or
underspecifiedoperating
deflec-tions
unduerestraintsor detsimental
tem0eratures,
specffied
bythepurchaser.
condilions
start-upor maintenance
or unusual
conditions
Considerationmay also be given to specialdesign configurationsand/of mffiodsof
analysiswhich may justify reductionof pass partitionplate thic*ness requiremenb.

bypassol tJbesidelluidwherethepass
shouldbe givento potential
Also,consideration
partitionmightBJllawayfromthe gasketdueto deflection.
: .RCB-9.1/[

Fabricated
channelsandbonnetsshallbe postweldheattreatedwhenrequiredbythe
Codeor speclfiedbythe purchaser.

of a flatdrannelcorershallbe thethicknessat the bottomof he

Theeffectivethkl<ness
passpartitiongrowe {orfte faceif thereis no groove)minusconosionallowancein
excessof oroovedesth. Thethicknessls t0 be at leastthatrequiredby the appropfide
Codeformulaandfricker if requiredto meetproperdsflectioncriteria.
limil{ar cftannglcowr deflectionis:
Therecommended

5.+2

'

. :

' : : ,

I
I
I

t
I
I

o
a
a
I
I
I

I
)

t
I

',t,',',,,O

ET"

6 = Gasketloadreac'tbndiamderas defhedbythe Code,inches(mm)

: j 1 : l : : : : :

t
t
I

0.125%of nominaldiameter(nominaldiameter/8o0)br larger sizes

A me6od for calculationof channelcover deflectionis:

'':.

o
o
o
o
a
o

desisn:tqrlperT,Oel(kPa),,
;,,;::.:

I
i:, :r':;l:l

wrw.t me.oq

, ''; ,, :,,,:,,;r::l .:..

a

a
o
O

IIECHANICALSTAI{DARDS
TEIIIACI.ASSR C B

sBcTKns

underconsider.ation,
f : Thickness
inches(mm)
p: Designpressure,
psi(kpa)
lt8 = Allo,'/ableboltingstressat designtemperafure,
psi (kpa)

o
o

,{a = Actualtoialcross-sectional
rootareaof bolb, squareirrctcs (nmr;

G to boltcircle,inches(mm)
4 = Radialdishncefromdiameter

o
l

t
t
I

o
o
O
t

o
e
o
a

lf the celculated
deflectionis greaterthantherecommended
timit,tfe deffedbnrnaybe
rcducedby acceptablemethodssuchas:
Increasechannelcoverthicknessbylhe cuberootof the ratioof calc{ldeddeftciin
to
therecommended
limit.
Useof strongbacks.
Changetypeof constructton.
Note: Forsingrepasschanners,
or othersin whichthereis no passparfriongaskets@l
againstthechannelmrrer,nodeflection
criterianeedbe considerea_
Therecommended
limitforchannel
coverdeflection
is intended
to preventexeive leat<age
the
co-ver
and
pass
the
partition
plate.
Many
factors
govem
the choiceof deign deflection
9"y*l
limits.
someof thesefiactors
are:numberof tubesid-epasses,fubesidepressure
droo;sizeof
springback
of gasketmateriat;
effeitof interp"."i""rJg" ; th";;l
:Ilaqlt
_:tirtic
penornance;presenceor absenceof gasketretaininggrooves;an<tleakale
cfraraderistics
of the
tubesidenuid.

o
I

o
t

o
t

o
I

channercoverss.failbe.proylded

withapproximatery
s/16,'(4.gmm)deepgroovesicr pass
,'1.
;;,,,',,",,r,lg$ffi;,
jl .,o1?pfl$
d ailililj;idr-dr,,s
C;
9flg:,.311ffi""'
9*io1uu
C&9.22CHANI{ELCOVERPASSPAFTMOil GROOVES
'holdingthegasketin prace.ln crador apptiedrdcings,a[ iurr"""" er<po*J
t
ftrid,
gasketseatingsurfaces,
inctuding
sharthaveat teait il8, ls.zmmynoinlrunrGot

t
I
o

o
t
I

'i. .,.

,, ...,1

5
sEcTroN

o
a

STAI{DARDSTETIACLASSR C B
MECHANICAL

a
o
o
o
I
{}

o
I
I

t
?

I
I

o
I

o
i

o
o

':::.

I
: t

::

:'l

t:.t,

t:

..

.t

o
o

., r::r'tr.:
:

,, ,, ,,,,'', "

'l::' nt,,',::t
ii,,:
t

".i'i.;.:.1.1.
l..'"...'
..I ..'...
..

@TubularExchangerllanufactururs,Aasocialion,lnc.
':

ww.iama-org

o
a

n
"O
o
I

MECHANICAL
STANDARDS
TEIIACLASSR C B

sEcTtofls

RCB-10ilOZt.ES

RC&i0.1 NOZLE GOI{STRUCT|OI{

Nozzleconstruction
shallbe in accordance
withCoderequirenenb.She{nozdesdrd not
qrotrudebepnd he insidecontourof theshellif hey intorfereu,ithbundleinsertirntr @mo,E{.
Shell.orchannelnozdeswttichproanrde
beyondtheinsidecontourof lhe mah cylhderml must
beselfventingor drainingby notcfringat theirintersection
withthe higfro'ftowp6it A urecy&dg.
lf separate\ientanddrainconnec-tions
areused,theyshallbe flushwiFrthe inilUeco|fr|lr o. te
shellor channelwall.Flangedimensions
andfracing
shaltcornplywithASMEBt6.S.Bdt holes$all
straddlenaturalcenterlines. Flangesoubidethescopeof *Sliig gto.s shallbe inroordance
witr Code.
RCB.I0.2NOZZLEINSTAITATION
Radialnozzless*rallbe consideredas standard.other typesof nozztesmaybe used,by
agreementbetweenmanufacturer
andpurchaser.
R-10.3PIPETAPCONIT|ECT,OflS
All pipe.tapconnections
shallbe a minimumof 6000psi standardcouplingsor equivalentEac*r
conneclionshallbefittedwitha roundheadbarstockplugconforming
trolStr4e gtO.tI ol fte
samematerialastheconnection.Alternateplugmaterialimaybe usedwhengallingis antici@ed,
exceptcastircn plugsstall notbe used.
G10.3PIPETAPCONI{ECTIONS
Allpipetapconnectbns
shallbea minimum
psistandard
ot 30OO
couplings
or equivalert.
8-10.3PIPETAPCONNECTIONS
loryectionsshallbe.a minimumof 3000psi standardcouplingsor equivatent.Each
l]!q:^Fe
connedionsfiall
beflttedwitha barstockplugof thesamematerialasthe conngdio. Alternate
plugmaterialsmaybe usedwhengallingis anticipated,
exceptcastironplugsshattnotbe used.

a
I

o
O

a
o
l

o
I

a
t
t
I
t
t

o
I

a
I

I
)

Preseuregageconnec{ions
shallbe as specifiedbythe purchaser.see paragraph
c10.4.

xr"

.;;*$zt"ps;]iJc!'
i"rre"p#,oJ;*

"* ;;#;i i va';nmm:,

NPSlor a pressuregageunlessspeciarconsiderations
afiowit to be omited. see
Paragraph
RB-10.4.
:li,':,,::,,,,.;,,,,,., .;,,,

''

Atflangednozdes4" NPSor largershallbe providedwithme

ot 1. minfinun
NPSfor a thermometer
unlessspcialconsiderations
allourit io"or,neai"r
be omifie<tSeeparag.aph
i :i ,: -. , , ' ,t : , ,
::: , .:., r..::.

' ,r'

,.:.:;:.
:::4,.::,.

Thermometer
connect'ons
shallbe as specifiedby tfrepurctraser.SeeFaragr4h GtOa.
I r,..;.,

:,

.,

,''..,

rt,

.,,,;,:., : ;

o
I
I

ro

$ro1P.91g
, i , . ;.

., .'. 'i,,1

ilGl
;: .,,

:::;,a;;;.
:,,,

sEcnoN5

a
a
e

STANDARDS
TEMACLASSN C B
MECHAI{ICAL

R&10.4STACKED
UNITS
Intermediate
nozdeobetvueen
unitss*rallhaveflat or raisedfaceflangec. Presure gageand
of unitscqrnecied
connections
maybe omfiedin oneol thet$/omatingconnections
thermometer
in series.Boltingin flangesol matingconnec-tions
betweenstackedexchangers
shallbe

o
I

removablewffiout movingthe exc'hangers.

G1O.4STACKEDUNITS
lntermediatenoz/es behreen units shall have flat or raised{ace flanges. Pressuregage and
thermometerconnectirns may be wnited in one of the two matingconnectionsof units connec{ed
m sefles.

o
o

DESIGN
RCB.1O.s
SPUTFLANGE
mayprecludethe useof thenormal
Circumstances
ol fabrbation,installtion,
or maintenance
doublesplitringflangesmaybe
integralor loosefull ringnozzleflange.Underthsconditions,
wih the Code.
usedin accordance
IRCB.1O.6
NOZ'ZTE
LOADINGS

o
e
o

a
t

Heatexchangers
arenotintendedto seweas anchorpoinlstor piping;therefore,lor purposesof
detailssuch
unlessthepurchaserspecifically
desQn,nozzteloadeareasssnedto b negiligible,
Theanalysisandanymodifications
in Frgnrre
RGP-RCB-10.6.
in
loadsin hisinquiryas indicated
thedesignor construc-tion
to copewithfiese loadsshallbe to the purcfiase/s
of the exchanger

?
I

additionalinformationregardingimposedpipingloads.
rRCB.1O.7DESIGNOF LARGEDIAI'ETER RATIOSHELLIT{TERSECTIONS
SUBJECTEDTO

I
I

PRESSURE
ANDE'(!ERI{ALLADINGS
'Recommended
See
GoodPractice'seclion.

t
o
t'
I

o
t

'.a

:.:t
,,1
: . .. , t l : ; :l t

','

Tnw.tsrn&oq

,,,;

, . ,' - l

,t
O

iIECHANICALSTANDARDS
TEIIA CI-ASSR C B

RCB.I1ENDFLAI{GES
ANDBOLTING
Flangesand99ftingtol ex-temal
jointsshatlbe in amordancewifr Codedeign rules,stpnt to the
limihlionssetforh in tre follorvingparagraphs.
R.l1.r lflt{tilum BoLTstzE
Theminimumpermissible
boftdiamebris 3/4' (M20).Sizesf ' ild ilndlerEftd be Coase Thread
Series,andlargersizesshallbe 8-PitchThreadSeri'es.Dimensional
standar&re irclded in
Section9, TableD-5. Metricthreadpitchis strorrrrn
in Section9, TaUeDM.
G11.1iltt{ttuil BoLTstzE
Theminimum
recommended
boltdiameter
is 1/2'(M12).lf boltingvnallerthanlf? glte is used,
precautions
shaflbe takento avoi.C
overstressing
fre bolting.Dimiensional
sardardsareincluded
in section9, TabreD-s. Metricboltingis shownlnsestiong, tabte o-stvt.
B!11.1tfi{ntuil BoLTstzE
Theminimum
pemissible
boltdiameter
shallbe5/8' (M16).Dimensional
g, TableD-S.Meiricboltingis shownin Section9, TableD-SM. standadsareincludedin
Section
RC$11.2BOLTCIRCLELAYOUT
RCB-11.21
XlNtltUMREOOMilENDED
BOLTSPAC|NG
Theminimumrecomrnended
spacingbetweenboftcenlersis givenin Sec,tftrr
9, TableD-S
or DSM.
RCB.I1.2,IIIIA)ffi,tUi,l
RECOilIIENDEDBOLTSPACII{G
Themaximumrecommended
spacingbetweenboltcentersis:

o
o
o
)

e
t
)

I
a
t
I

c
)

B^* = Zdu+

6t
(n+0.5)

wnere

o
t

I = Boltspacing,
centerline
to centerline,
inches(mm)
da= Nominal
boltdiameler,
inches(mm)
t = Flangethickness,
inches(mm)
: ' rn = Gasket
fuctoiusedin Codeflangecalculations

RC&l I-23 LOADCONCE}ITRATION

FACTOR
when thedisfurcebetrveen
bolt@nterlino
exceedsrecommended.
lfretotal
momertdtermined
by code designmeffrodsshallbe multipliedby a caredi
equalb:

a
o

o
O

,,' ;'..r.,r,,,
;..r.':,
:,rt.',
l.ffir:,,,,
.:,',,,,
r,.r.:

o
t

wftereB is tte actualboltspacingas definedby paragraphRCB-fi.22.

. FC&!14{'BOLTOR|EI{TATION
l
Boltsshallbe evenlyspacedandnormallyshallsbaddlebdh natr-rral
cenErtresof the
exchanger.Forhorizontalunits,the nafuralcenterlines
sfiallbe consideredbG t ;

o
o

o
o

RC&1I.3 IIIiIIIIUI| RECOIIIIENDED

WRENCH
AiID NUTCLEARAIICES

a
I
I

a
a
o
a
I

sEcTroN
5

tTig,ls

@T-ubuflt
Exglrgnser
Manlhg,f
,,,r,.r,,
i.,r,,,,

SECTION5

a
e
o

STANDARDS
TETA CLASSR C B
TIECHANICAL

rRCB-I1-5|.ARGEDIAIETERLOWPRESSURE
FT.AI{GES
Praciice'
sc'tion.
Tlecommended
Good
See
AIID TAINTENAI{CE
RC&l 1.6BOLNNG-ASSEIIBLY
of boltedflanged
references
maybeusedfor assemblyandmaintenance
Thefollowiqg
gee
Paragraphs
E-3.24
and
E.25.
ioints.
Refererrces:
(1)TorqueManual.S'turtevant-Ricfrmont
DMsionof RyesonCorp.
(2)CraneEngineering
Dafa,VC-l9m8, CtaneCompany.

o
o
o
a
I

RCB-11.?PASSPARTMON RIB AREA

J
J

to the requiredboltload,therefore,its effectssftouldbe

Gasketpasspartitionrib areacontributes
methodto includerib areais shownbelow.
considered
in the rlesignof flanges.Oneacceptable
Othermefrodsareacceptable.

Y' = Y valueof passpartitionrib(s)"

m' = m lrctor olpasspartitionrb(s)*
b, = Efiecliveseding width of pass partition
rib(s)*

Pass Partition

4 = Tolal length of pass partitionrib(s)*

W6 urdWp -As derind inASMECodeand
S&tion Vlll, Division 1 Appendix2

W^z=bTGY+b,rtY'

*RCF12 FTilITEELEIIEilTAIALYSISGUIDELINES

o
::

'

: ,..

.'' .

I .

'''

'...,,, .'

': , " ,

,:,4

,t

a
.::,:.'',t;l
s.11-2

@TubularB(clrangorUanufactursrsAssociat'ron,lnc.

wwwtilta.otg

FLOWINDUCED
VIBRATION

sEcTtoN6

(l{otc This sectlonls not m*icated)

V.l SCOPEAI{DGEIIERAI.

v-1.1sooPE
Fluitlflow,inter-related
withheatexcfiangergeomdry,cancauseheatep(changer
tubesto vflrr#.
Thbphenomenon
is highlycomplexandthe presentstale-of-tfre-art
s suctrtritre sotnr totrls
trslent is difficultto define.Thissectiondefinesthe basicdatawfiur stqlo te oorr*aerea*renanduatingpotentialflowinducedvibrationproblansassociated
witr heateNcfrargrs.
Srhrl
potenBal
flotr inducedvibrationproblerns
are.requested
to beevaluated,the rehfr,nships
in thisseciionand/orothermeffrodsmaybe used.Dueto Ge cor.rp|edycf fr; p6tren
qqg!{
,
fte TEIIA guaranteedoesnotcoverMbraiiondamlge.
V-1.2GEI{ERAL
Damging
tubevibrationcanoccurunder@rtaincondltionsof shellsideflow retatiwto bffie
corlllgultltionandunsupported
tubespan.Themaximumunsupported
tubespansinta6;e
RcB-4.52do notconsiderpotentialflowinducedvibrationprootir". tn mos" o.", wtrere
the
anal!'sisindicatestheprobabilfi of destructive
vibration,the usershouldreterto Caragraph
Vlls.
V-2VIBRANOilDAMAGEPATTERNS
Mechanical
failureof fubesregrltingfromflowinducedvibrationmayocq.lrin varior.rs
fqnrs. Danagecan
resuftfromanyof the follow{ngindeperdentconditions,or combinations
thereof.
v-2.1COIUS|ONoAMAGE
lmpactof the tubesagainsteachotheror againstthe vesselwall,dueto largeanptitrdes
ol theMbrating
tube,canresultin failure.Theimplaeo areaof thetubeow"fops rfre*laraaerisfic,
flattened'boatshapespot,genglgttyat the mid-spanot *re unsupporteu
iengh. Thetubeurait
eventually
wearsthin,causingfailure.
V-2.2BAFFLEDATIIAGE
cle-arance
(seeparagraphRcB4.2) overthetubeouter
|.afile.hrb9hole-srequireamanulacfuring
diameterto facilitatefabrication.when largefluidforcesarepr&ent, thetubecanimpact
the baffle
holecausingthinning
of fie tubewallin a iirornr{erential,
unevenmanner,
usually
thewidthof tre
'
bafflefiickness.continuous
thinning
overa periodof timeresultsin tubefailure.

3
J

o
l

o
?

a
o
o
t
t

a
a
a
I

o
C
o
I

V.2.' trATERIALDEFECTPFOPAGANOil
;.' .,,.:l,

'.
i: ;.lt,

t
o

ti

: : , , . ,t t . , . .

,; ,:,,,

Acoudicresonanceis dueto gasmlumnoscillationandis excitedby phasedturtex

f,eddkg. rhe
osciflat'on
createsan acousticvibrationof a.standing
wavetype.rn6 ienerateO-sari *," **

flfrffi$trf,ili'f;#'m,*gmlmf"mgff,ffi

witt loudnoise.Whenhe acousticresonantfrequencyappoacnes{reu'u.

*6HGL,rv,
-'- ---tFnderrcy
towardtubevibratiorr
witlbeaccqrtuabd
urt&r
me
failure.
ddssiOfe
, ,| , i '
r, I
l
V F A | L U R E R E t f f:i,G

anv

I
O

(t

c
o

i' ,,,,,r ..

'
ir

sl

'
,, ,i: ,: lr::,

FLOWINDUCEDVIBRANON

Vodexsheddingfrequency,cycles/sec

v=

4 = Finmcildiameter,inches
turbulence
anda corrddionbasedon SkouhalNumberaloneis inadequate.
V4.2 FLUIDELASTICPARAIIETER
pararneterusdin tre corretations
dimensionless
to predictflowinducdvibrationis Sidt bf
., l44at^6,

t
..

:1.:.
I
...,'t',tl

t
o

X =..-----------:--

Podot
.
'
;
:
,
: , '; ,. . . , , ' , , t ,
: ; , 1 : :;:

.:,

: , : :, , , 1,

.::

,,

: : , :, ,i '. , ,r l ' . ,

: , , , , 1; '. , , '1, : i, , l{

:
; . , . , . , ,: . I, 1 , , . '

..

. ; ' . 1 1 " .' 1, : I

I1,..'
.:',.:"...
i' ,.,'1..:
,,,,.:,i?

"o

r : :i , , r : r : : i :

t2

@TubularExchangerll.nufactulons AEsoclatlon,Inc.
'

wru.bdr&org
:,..

"

:.

r.

,;: :'.'

C
: : : , t' j

t
J

a
o
o

FLOWINDUCED
VIBRANON

sEcTtoN6

@o=

Effectiveweightof thetubeperunitlength,definedin paragrapfr

V-Zl, hft

6r=

Logariftmbdecrement
in thetubegnsupported
span(seepar4raphv{
Densfi of thesfreflsidefluidat its tocalbulktemperatrrqlbfif

Po"
d o = Outsidediameterof fube,inches
Forintegrallyfurnedfubes:
4 = Finrootdiameter,inctres

a
O
J

V.5 NATURALFREOUEI{CY

I
I

V-5.1GEIIERAL
andvariedindividualunsuppoded
spans.
ItT] ""fflgers havemuftiplebaffle.supports
IS
Galorlation
of thenaturallrequencyol the heatexchanger
tubeis an essentialdtepin estimatingits
potentialfor flowinducedvibrationfailure.Thecunentslate,of-the-art
flowinducedvibratirn
enough
to.warrant
treating
the
mutti-span
tr.rbevibration
probtem
f_r:l^{9i:11!
mggjhaqes"ot,sophisticated
thanthefundamenta,l)
h onecomprehensive
analpis. Therefore,
tire
!or.
.other
potentialfor vibrationis evaluated
lor eachindividualunsupported
span,wittrthevelocityand
natutalftequency@rtsidered
beingthatof theunsuppoded'span
unberexamination.
Formore
comflo<mode$apes andmufti-spans
of unequatlengths,see paragraphv-14 Rderence(10).
V2 FACTOFS
AFFECTING
NATURAL
FREOUENCY
Theindividualunsupported
spannafuralfrequencyis affectedby:
(1)Ttbe elasticandinertialpropsltiesandtubegeometry.
(2)Spanshape.
(3)Typeof supportat eachendof the unsupported
span.
(4)Axialloadingonthetubeunsupported
span.(seeparagraph
V_6)
V.E21SPANSHAPES
ThebasicspanshapesareSrestraightspanandtheU-bendspan.
v-5.2,1sPAllst PPoRTs

]
;

|l

c
o
I
I

o
o

(2) Simplysupportedat eacfrbaffle.

..'-.

approTTate.Theseappro<imations
areknownto haveminoreflects6nrc carciratea
nafuralfrequency.

', . ,.
': 1.1,,.
tb5FuNDAI|E$rfiU*;*.,F.FEOUENbV

o
o
t

.l

o
a
O

:,

j:.

'::: :

Thevalueof fre fundamental

natrralfrequencyof a tubeunsupported
spancanbe
- - catcillded
---'
for
the cornbinations
of spanshapeandendsupportconditionsusingTabrev-ss
.,' .wher6 . r..
,
. .
:r
. . . 1 i.,. - . .
.,..,
natrrattreqrlencyof tre trOeunsupported
f ; funOamentat
span,qdeq/sec
, - Tubeunsupported
spanas shomrin TableV-S.3,inches

i..,,:,
.-'
'1,i
w6= Effedirrcweigtrtof theirbe perunitbngtrr,defindin paragraphv-zr, rilt

'

:,.1:, i,

t
O

lIt
I

y -um,Ima9rg

@TubularExchangerilanufacturur AssoclationnInc.

sEcnoN6

a
o
o
a

FLOWINDUCEDVIBRANON

(t

is givenby:
I = Momentof ineiliaof thetubecrosssection,inchesa
-d,11
r =.1-(d^1
'

I
64\ "
4 = Tubeinsidediamder,inches
l, = Outsidediametetof fube,inches

a
a
o

Forintegrallyfinnedtubes:
7o= Finrootdiameter,lnches

'D
I

e
I
I

o
t
I
I

o
a
)

':. :::

,. "

:t::

'i.

,: ,,: :"',

: .,;' :,,,

,i'ri,,,: l:
:::

::

': :.

r',,' l,l

r i , r ri

' ,'.,,',:,:
O
I
j..r.::t: t

, ::',,1
iit:il,,:
o

: . :.:,

]:.

':,'

:,., t,:,j

tt:

.::

'.,..

1,,,,';,..i:,.
l.'l ' : :

,:.

O
1.,,1'f,;
,.,,':.,

, , , ,, a: . . , , . , ,. O
,,r:
: ', ! : , ,li'li: ; t iC

:::::: ::::
'

,,O

:':...':'
:'

,: ,

'l

F4
l:

iO

:::

,,1'

:: :.:..::::

I fr .!: r::

i.l

a
I

FLOWINDUCED
VIBRATION

o
t

SECTK}N6

TABLEV6.3
FUilOAilEITTALIIATURALFREQUENCV

a
o

SpanCieomctry

Equatlo!!

(r)

?{omancl*re

A = Tubeaxialsfressmr.fiiffrr. See
Paragraph
V
C= ConstantdpendtE
onedge
conditiongeometry.

bafrB

I
J

a,
I

o
t

r.-tou:t+l#1"
c

SpanGeometry

9.9

15.42

t
t
o

2..37
Edgecondition:both endslixed

r = Meanbendradius,inches
C, = Modeconstantof U-bend

o
I

a
t

:.:

t
t
I

t,

r.=68.06+l!!f"'
r-lwo
SpanGeometry

t..

,', l
.

.:l

.,;,::CuFiggre,,,,,,
.,

:: ::.

U;.;

4
, , ' , i l : ,, , . , . ,

'1'

E@econdition:
botrr.endssimpty.
',
:
:11.
i ri a,i'.t,
ir rnrnrtcrl ..

i :,:l

'

5,t r,: ,,., :,'-; v63;r,.,i;,

,,:,:1,,' ,:,:,
;

v3.2

6
'l
'; :t' .t:

., ,t :'.,
,';

1 l :.r,.r;i.;.
.r, , ., ,,:,

Edgecondition:bothendssimpty
suppotted

,,' ,, ,, ,

,,:,rrr,,,, ffhtote

.. ,.,:,',.,::,;,, ..;

,,

i.

V-53-4,i,::xr 'j
,,,,.,.:,,.,7.;:;' .;.;.,,.,;,;,;,::,
ir'

I
I

a
)

iil
:.

',':

G5
. :.'la:::,:'li:

:::,

l,

,l

o
t

sEcnoN6

FLOWINDUCEDVIBRANON

FIGUREV.5.3U.BENDIIODECOIISTANT,C,

I
@

o
a
{l

o
,a

u,

'f

o
I
o

L
E

an
l-a

(l

t
t

o
o
z
FI
(J

an
trJ
J
|!

TL

:a

dl

:.l

'',',',,,.,,
.':f O

I
':1
, : : ' , : ..,1"

',1'::.'
I
.......,,
o

, , , , , , , ,t' ', O
t ; l ' ' ' : i " . : ,a, , ' , , '

t': t: '"'.i,.
, 1 . . :' f, ,
, , r , . , : :",t' .

:,,, ,, ,."...:
6S

@Tubular

Uanuircturcrs Association,Inc.

)
' l . ' ; , : , i l i :O
:,

r , ff;t+tt*oe,,:,,
,,,,,.,?
'
: .
i . : , : . " . : , i ,i Q

: :

FLOWINDUCED
VIBRANON

sEcTtol{6

FTGURE
V.3.1TLBEND
ilODECOI|STAilT,c"

e
o

o
o

e
o

tD
I,

(\r

d-<

1r,
=

a
o
c

a
6- .zH
tr

t
t
a

ct
c;

?
l:

, , ,

fl:

., .:),.
.
.:
i:
::ij, ;:,1,:l,
..:!'::::':::...'

,,:

t
t

'
,: r,:: 1 ,.1:

'i':'11'''

!i ' ;i:

l l:

:.f,ii..,ii'::,;..l'l;i

1 ., . - . . t .
l.

I
O

ct
TL
th
tr.l

.J
It
IL

a
o
a

OE
(!t

'::

,,:.;,
,: ; ,r.

':.
.'

.:.t',, ,:,

r.jr:r: ::::::! : . :t::1 jt:.

t t;.ti.'r.r;i
i, l

l
{}

,,,

-']l,

,,,:

a
o

' , : .1 , 1,.. '. . , .

'':''
6.7
,,;,@rqp,thretrcttlnqgfl|_4,rx!.T*,-tT,.ry*'tn",,,
":,i:,r:,,;
,,, ' . t :: . . ,
,,,,u,,,,,,

sEcnoN6

FLOWINDUCEDVIBRATION
C,
V,3.2U-BENDTODECONSTANT,
FIGURE

tl

u,
f
H

o
(E
(9

z
H

(J
.L
.A

ul
)
l!
l,!

. : ;, :, , : : 1t ,;,

C
,. ,,,,;,.,,;1i1,
)
,l

,.'..:.
l

l::

,a :P: : ,) :. :: , , ::: ::::,: : , 1:

ooo

'

|::::

'-'

1'

.,1

',, ,,' ,.,,:tO

';'.

,"4r.:t,:)

a
rlJt

i : : i : . : :. r : . : r l

6.8

@TubularE<cilranoer
llanufacfuts6 Association,Inc.
l : ; r . : : : : r: r . .r , i

a : . t t: . , : : : . . : l 1 ] , r

.:

lli :.

,, ',,.: :

l:,,: ,, ,,

'D
: : "r . r : : r : : l

/'a
)

FLOWINDUCED
VIBRANON

t
t

sEcTro]t6

FIGUREV.5.3.3
U-BENDMODECONSTAITT,
C,

a
t

o
o
I
(D
I

L
OIt

;-{

f
H

I
t

o1

o
(r
c,

G'q

o
a
a

oa
lr,

J
l!
l!

GI

l ,

I
)

' : , , , , :. ', '

:::r.a:::::,

":it r: ,,;,,, ',',:

t:i: t::1::: l: :

t
t

ri,r:lr ,rr:: , ,,
'r'

o
O

(D

:i r,',, :',:
o

q
. . . . t : : ,::a:.. .::
rrj :l:;::ilrr i:,

',,

.':

o
a
o

ii i ii

''

ffrem.o-ry .:.;.l:;:::ii@.rT.il."|o."1.':.'..I:ln.:'u'l:.rrT**?l..*'n".....
.1, :,,'

:l::': ::r':::::

,O
FLOWINDUCEDVIBRATION

sEc110N6
V NOALTUBESTRESS

V{.1 A)(|ALTUBESTRESSIIULTIPUEF
axial
thefubesaresubjected
to axialloads.Compressive
By theveryfunctionof a heatexchanger,
iL
The
resulting
tube
loads
tend
tro
increase
ioadsdecreasethe tubenaturalfrequency,andtensile
t

/=

rrl2

lr*Al

e
o
o
t

o
c

o
e
a

t 4"/

where

(}

(seeTableD4
A, = Tubemetalcro$ sectionalarea,inches2

K2EI
.
fc*=F
6 = n lor bothendssimplysupported
K - 4.49for oneemdfxed, otherendsimplysuppoded

I
'l

K = 2r tor bothendsfixed
E = Elasticmodulusof fubematerialat thetubemetaltemperdlre,psi (see

ParagraphRC8-1.43)
I = Tubeunsupportedspan,inches
inchesa(see ParagraphV-5.3
I = Momento{ inertiaof the tube cross-seclion,

U-tubesmaydwelop highlevelsof aldalstress.A methodto computethe

Forsomeapplications

To simplify the applicationof the formulae,the constantshave been modifiedto enablethe use of weight

,.

'.:.

o
o
o
a
a
o

: ::
Effectivetube wdgttt is definedas:
w.o=\+wti+H^

I
I

':

wnef

r+,= Total metal weight per unit length ol tube, lblft (see Table t!4

masslromParagraph
V-7.11
It , = Hydrodynamic
where
' " '" "

d - fnsfrJediameterof tube,incfis

of theshellsidefluitl reulting from:

fre displacernent
(1)Motionof the vfurating
tube
...
(2) The ProximitYof

s10
:,,

O
,,

, ,,,',,:::

@TubularE(changerllanufectursrs Assoclstlon,Inc.
.t:

'

. ''''
i . , , . 'i,.,... .

, r , , , , , ., i,.., , t 1
(}

www.tema.org
..'.'.''

'o
I

o
o

o
I

e
I

a
I

o
t

a
J
I

FLOWIT{DUCED
VIBRATIOI{

SECTl(xil6

(3)Therelativelocatbnof theshellulall
Hydrodynamic
massis defnedas:
H^ = C^wtro
where
C",= Addedmasscoefficientfrom
FigureV-7.11
wp= 0.oS{$ po# = Weightof fluiddisptacedbythetubeperunitlengrth
of t6e, t'l
where
/o = Densityof fluidoutsidethetubeat the localshdl sirfufluidbr.ilk
temperature,
lb/ff (Fort'rvophaseffukis,usetu,ophaseffiy.l
=
do Outsidediameter
of fube,inches
Forintegrallyfinnedtubes:
do= Ftnrootdiameter.inches

t
f,

o
o
t

a
a
I

o
o
t
I
I

I
(D

a
a
o
o

*.',,T,t1!"' 'nt
lxcfitngerMaTll-r1:l:rt
:, ,,;.;,i,,,',',@r;-ubular

:,.:.,' I
, 11

Secnou
e

o
o

FLOWINDUCEDVIBRATION

o,
a

FIGURE
V.7.11

I
I

o
t

(l

a
o
t
I

'.l

o
a
I
)

o
a
a

a
a
a
a

lLEE FlTCll

I
I

o
a
i :

: r i

r l

o
t

(D
6.12

o
o
o
o

@T$.u!ar.otctt"T.91.t"...$$u1ersAsq!.c||.t|o.N',!n":..'......1ff.tj'',

a
I

e
I

FLOWINDUCED
VIBRATION
V{ OAiIPING

Themecfianisrns
inwlvedin dampingare numerous,
andfie variouseffctsarenotreadilymeasred or
quantified.
Thefollowingexpfessions
for logarithmic
decrement,
fi^, are basedstricdyon eipenmernal
observatons
andidealizedmodels.
Forshellsideliquids,67is equalto thegreaterof 6,or 6r.

^ 3.41d"
" or
4' wof,
wtrere

O.\rzd^l
o^ufi
wo LJ, )

p : Shellsldeliquidviscosity,at fie localshdl sirfuliquidbulkternperetre,

centipoise
do= Outsidediameterof tube,incfres.Forintegrallyfinnedtubes,
do= Finrootdiameter,inches
pr = Densrty
of shellsidefluidatthe localbulktemperafure,
lbftg

a
o
I

naturatfrequencyof the tubespan,qrcles/sec

,6 = Fundamental
w0: Efhcliveweightof thetubeas definedin Paragraph
V-7.1,lffi

I
O

o
t
o

ly' = Numberof spans

/r = Baffleor supportplatethickness,inches
/ = Tube unsupported
span,inches

I
I

sEcTpil6

Fortwo phaseshellside media

-i

(^t2\

tu l(c,,,,)
6,,,=o.oo22l
f ("r)f 6, )l
|
'\%/'
L'
I

where

fftt:

Voidfractiontunction

o
O

for

0.4 < er< 0.7

ll',1'i,,
, , . " , ; . ,i , : ' r , ,
'.

:..,;;i;'1..::].:.].1''1:lri;;

for

q> 0.2

, , . . r . ' , r , ' ,' ,, .I t: t ,

l : .. . , ' , I , : , . ' , . I *

t
t

I
(D

%=vr+v,
:

t
I
o

c
a
o

11ry.tqa.op

l/r = Volumeflowrateof gas,ffty

I/r = Volumeflowritdof huid, ft%ec

lOTubularExchangerilanuiacturctAssociatlon,lnc.

6i.tg

SECTIOI'I6

FLOWINDUCED
VIBRANON

o
e
o

/(Sr/ = Surfaceterisionfunction
JL
=
Sr*

(See
.g = Surfacetensionol shellsideliquil at the localbulktemperature.
V-14,Reference(20))
Paragraph
(SeeParagraph
$7p= Surfacetensionof shdl sideliquidat ambienttemperature.

a
o
o
t
;
(}

J
I

J
t
t
I

a
a

TubePitoh
TubeOD
1.20
1-25
1.50

; '

1.87
1.,7j ,

2.25
2.O3
'
1,78
1.47

1.35

t
t

a
o

a
o
t
t
C
a

::
: :::' :

'':

o
@TubularExcfrangerllanufactutF Association,lnc.

ruw.tema.otg

o
I

o
I

o
o
a

FLOWINDUCED
VIBRATION

sEcTtoN6

V.9SHELLSIDEVELOCITY
DISTRIBUTION
V-9.' GENERAT
OP 9I E mostimportantandleast predichbleparameters
of flow inducedvibrattonb frrid
velgcltyTo calculatethe lo.calfluidvelocityat a particularpointin the heatexchangeris a dilfi6.rt
task.Verycomplexflowpattems
arepres6ntin i heatexci\anger
shell.t;riourimorrtr u n i l
bypassthetubebundleor leak.ttrrough
clearances
betweenbdfflesandshell,or tubeandbffie
tubeholes.Untilmethodsaredevelopedto accuretely.
calculatetocalnuidvel'ociti,gs,
thedesigner
mayusearieEgecrossflow
velocities
basedon available
empirical
methods.
V.9.2REFERENCE
CROSSFLOW
VELOCITY
Thecrossfiow
velocityin thebundlevariesfromspanto span,ftomrowto rowwithina span,and
fromtubeto tubewithina row.Thereference
croisflowvdbcityls calculateo
ioieactrreilixr*
interest(seeParagraph
V-3)andis basedontheaveragevebtity acrossa representatirre
tuberow
in thatregion.
Thepresence
of passpartition
lanesalignedin thecrossflow
direction,
clearance
between
the
bundleandthesfiell,tube{o-baffle
holeannularclearances,
etc.reducethenetflowrab of the
shellsidefluidin crossflow.
Thisshouldbeconsidered
in computing
he reference
crossflow
velocity.

(l

a
a
a

'

o
I
(}

o
)

V.9.21REFERENCE
CROSSFLOW
VELOCITY
CALCULATIONS
Thefollowingmethodof calculating
a reference
crossflow
velocitytakesintoaccount
fluid
bypassandleakage
whicharerelatedto heatexchanger
geometiy.
Themethodis validfor
slngEpnasesnellsEefluidwithsinglesegmental
baftesin TEMAE shells.Otherrred,tods
maybe usedto evaluate
reference
crossflow
velocities.
Reference
crossflow
velocigis givenby:

o
o
o
o
o
e

u)(a,)(c)(teoo)'

fUsec

V.9.211CALCULATIONOF CONSTTNTS
by:

The constantsusedin the calculationof the referencecrossflowvelocityare given

a
a

r , ' . . , : " . ;j l ' : , ,

.:.:
.::::::::.,
j;

t
O
a

|::,:.1';rt':,,;ln:in-'
;
1,.
,,,,,, ::,,i,
(\ii;l,1,

: , ::r::1:.i ,: : : . r

o
o

,,'i ,....,..

I
'D

1,:':..t .

,,

i..

i : . : , ,,,.,; ;

@l\.li.
J1=jc1'
,,;,,,,,,'
rrr;;,
c"=o.ow74

1;,, ,i:,,,,r*t,,

i . ; , . : , l . . ' . 1 : :, , , , , 1 i . .

r : ' ,.,j;i . , ; , ., '1 ,, ,; ,, ' l,i,,

t
,,.',,

,,,

, : . , , : ' , , . ' i" ' ' " .

.. .,.11:r,',
iii,o

l, ,i,,,.i,,,,,;,ii..

;l.,it:r:r,,,
il:J,

a
o

o
e

t , ,,,,,t"'t ,,,,;.

a
o
o
c
a
a

FLOWINDUCEDVIBRATION

SECTION
5

TABLEV.9.2I1A
(SeeFigureRCB-2.4)
TUBEPATTERN

o
o

30"

60'

90'

45"

Ct

1.26

1.09

1.26

0.90

C5

0.82

0.61

0.66

0.56

1.48

1.28

1.38

1.17

0.85

0.87

0.93

0.80

e
o
a

(D
Cs VS

0.10
0.94

':

0.90

cut-todiameier
ratioa
Dl

0.20

0.25

0.85

0.80

035
0.74

0.68

0.50
0.62

0.54

0.49

Dr = Outertubelimit(OTL),inches
in baffie,inches
dt =fube holediameter

'

6,16
'''.'

o
@TubularExchanger Manufacturcs Association, lnc.

,,,, ,,,, ,,
, .!f{r-w.!eq!ao19,,,,,

o
f

o
o
o
o
o
o

FLOWINDUCED
VIBRANOil

sEcTtoH6

a(,= Outsklediameterof fube,inctres

Forintegrallyfinnedtubes:
do= Finoubidediameter,inc*res
P = Tubepitch,incfies
/r = Bafflespacing,inches
po= Densityof sfrellsidefluidat he localbulktemperature,
lbff
W = Shellfluldllow rate,h/trr
11= Heightfrombafflecrt to strellinsidediameter,inches

a
o
)

o
o
o

V3 SEALSTRIPS
Se?lsttiPsareoftenusedto helpblockhe circumferentiat
blpass spacebetweena t6e hmdh
3nd9ne!,or otherbypasslanes.Sealstripsforcefluidfromihe bypiss streambackintothe
bundle'Thisincreasesthe referencecross{owvelocityandshoukibe considered
in a Mbragcn
analysis.

o
o
o

Localiuidvelocityin the_vicinity
ol seatstripsmaybe significanilyhigherthanthe averag
crossflowvelocity.(SeeParagraph
V-14,Reference
6.)
V-9.31REFERENCE
CROSSFL()W
VELOCIWWITHSEALSTRIPS
Thereferencecrossflowvetocityis calculafedby usinga modifiedvaluefor C| h llre
equations
in Paragraph
V-9.21'1.

ffa')-,1
t='.Lq-].trs)tc)

o
I
I
I
fr

o
a
)

;;

:;.

,, i1,

o
t
t

,.".t.:lr.

o
I

'
n be subjectedto localfluU l

velocitiesgreaterthanthosin oher partsot trl ouno6.n numberof documentedvibranrr

problemshavebeencausedby highinletfluidvelocities.Thesestandardsprovidegu&khesfor

r::,,.1::

:::::::

prwentvibrationdamage.
V-9.6IIITEGRALLYFINNEDruBES
ln mmgrtingttr.ergleryre croyl* q**,
tre pnesnce
A fins shallbe tal<en6b urL:fior
theprrposesof usingthe equationsh Paragraph
V-9.2b calculatea refeiencecrc&Owt*cfty,
thefin diamdershouldbe usedin placeof fre nominaltr.lbeoo tor intedilt6,,"dtfr*.

o
a
o
o

ywrema,org

@TubularE:<cfiangor
tanuracturers Association,Inc.

ei77

o
o
o
o
o
a

FLOWIHDUCEDVIBRANON

sEcfloN 6

V-10ESTIiIATEOFCRITICALFI-OWVELOCITY
Thecriticalflowvelocity,yc,lor a tubespanis the minimumctoss-flowvelocityat whichthatspanmay
Thecriticalflowvelocityfor tubespansin the window,overlap,
largeamplitudes.
vibratewithunacceptably
Thecriticalvelocity,Vc,is
inletandoutletregions,U-bnds,andall atypicallocationsshouldbe calculaled.
defined by:

o
o

v,=ff.u"*

o
o

fmmTableV-10,1
D = Valueobtained
V-5.3)
naturalfrquency, cycle/sec(seeParagraph
f" = Fundamentral
d4- Oubidediameterof tube,inches

o
a

Forintegraltyfinnedtubes:
do= Frnrootdiameter,inches

o
O

o
t

(l)

o
c

o
e
o

o
e

o
I
:]:

&18
::::::'::.'::.::

'::

|:

::;;l:

:'

::

:.

@TubuhrExchangerllanulaclurcrs Aasoclatlon,Inc.
'1:l

:':

::, :

www.tma.ofg

o
I

o
I

o
)

FLOWINDUCEDVtBRATtOttl

o
o

TABLEV.10.1
FORMUT_AE
FORCRtTtcALFLOWVELOC|TY
F,

o
o
a

o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o

I
I

o
a

o
a

t
I

;,

,;i,.i;:'.,

o
I

i',,
:,, r,, 1.1:'.1

; l, '

a
a

o
o
a
a
o

'"

:.:'' -;.:

l . ' ''

.,',,

wvtw.tema.otg
',;l ',1'.'

:::':t: i:'.l

@TubularExc-trange.
llanufacturersAssociation,Inc.

sEclroilc

sEcTloN6

a
o
o
o
o

FIOW INDI.ICEDVIBRANON

AilPUTUDE
V.l 1 VIBRATION
V.11.1GET{ERAL
tfratcanoccurin a tubebundle.Theseare
Therearefourbasicflowinducedvibrationmecfranisrns
Thefird
vortexshe&ing,turbulentbuffeting,andacousticresonance.
thefluidelasticinstability,
resonan@
acoustic
wtrile
by a fubevibrationamditude
areaccompanied
threemechanisms
causesa loudacousticnoisewithvirtuallyno increasein fubeamplitude.

o
a

o
o
a

o
o
o

V--

C, p^d^Vz

= ---!.:--:--i-

/ vb

2u'5, f ,"*o

where
of vibrationat midspanfor thefirstmocle,for singlephasefluids,incfies
y6 = Peakarnplihrde
for vortexsfredding,(seeTableV-l 1.2)
C' = Liftcoefficient
lblffil
pa= Densityof fluidoutsidethetubeat thelocalshellsidelluidbulktemperature,
inches
finnedtrbes,do= fin rootdiameter,
of tube,inchesForintegrally
da= Outsidediameter

o
o
a
o
t

o
a

V-9.2)
crossflowvelocity,lVsec(seeParagraph
V = Reference

V'7.1)
of tube,lbft (seeParagraph
we= Elfectivetubeweightperunitlengrth

y^ s 0.02f0, incfres

:,.]1
,r :1,1::.:l
V-i1:3

ir :r::r,,:,,,::::

,. ,

wheig,

, ,,

o
a
a
o

of vibrationfor singlephasefluids,inches
y, = Maximumamplitude

'.l t+!i

,.l;: ,;:l:i, .:cr=Forcee@gt!t';

V.l 1.31RECOIII EilDEOTIA)Ol|UilATPUTUDE

.:::.:|::''i ::
: : :

: i : . : j ! ] :

' : l : j

'.:
. :

] : :

: : . : ' : : ' : :

vwvil,tsam.org

s20
:

!l:

:.

o
a

: r , : l : - . 1 : r : :: :

o
a
o
I

o
o
o
o

FLOWII{DUCEDVIBRATIO].I

sEcnoil6

TABLEV-112
UFTCOEFFICIEI{TS
cL

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o

P
do

30"

60'

90"

rtS"

1.20

0.090

0.090

0.070

0.{r70

1.25

0.091

0.091

0.070

0.070

1.33

0.065

0.017

0.071)

0.o10

1.50

0.025

0-047

0.068

0-(X9

TABLEV.1r,3
FORCE
COEFFICENTS
Cr

tocdim

t,

Cr

<40
>40<88
>88

o
t

o
o
o

0.022
-0.000451+0.04
0

<40

0.012
4.00025f,+0.022

>40<88
>88

o
a
I

o
o

a
t
a

.t',

'''l

.,...:, .,,.:;:::i

o
o

. r . ., a j , ] i : i : ' i l

where
.t ": t,tri..t',. ,;i,,r,,

rr,r,l.l::i

::

o
o

Ii:'::": !:

. ', ,,.,.

to

bdecrfr

P, = Operatingshellsidepressure,psia
t -' ', , lt ,
1,

r : : ' , , , : lt' ...t' ,

tl
I . l ;.,

.l., ,,,

t.,,.,:,tt

:li:'

:j... 'l

'ri

,::.,
ir'.r+=.;'1

,l ;;,,i'..;=,'

(}

o
o
o

;',i.ii.;':fft*tlts

6.21
:i;:i:::r
,,,,,
,, 1, ;;,'ir..'1'1.r;
ii,i:9ffi-*i.l?,.
1$,tl."""tl'foHT"tt*tn",,,,,,,.,
:,,,,

o
o
o
o

FLOWINDTrcEDVIBRANO}I

sEcTloN6

a
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
I

wftere

V-9.2)
crossflowvelocity,flsec (seeParagraph
Iz= Reference
number(seeFiguresV-l 2.2AandV-12.28)
S = Strouhal

o
o
o
o

ol tube,inches
do= Outsidediameter
finnedtubes:
Forintegrally
inches
do: Finrootdiameter,
FREOUENCY
BUFFETING
V.12.3TURBULENT
is givenby:
frequency
Theturbulent
bufleting

,. =#1"'['
;: ::; ,, ,,

a
o

-*)' . o'u],cydedsec

a
o

rvhere
'
, do= Outsid
of tube,inches ,.
diameter
Forintegrallyf nnedtubes:

, ..

.t

,,

Pt
h= 1ao
,

,,:::
i

,.

x t:

, . ; tn
..

rt
rl
-7

ao

pitct,inches(seeFiguresV-12'2AandY-12.281
,pr - Lqngitudinal
p, : Transrersepitc+l,incfies(seeFiguresV-f2'2AandV-l2.28)
trelocity,fVsec(seeParagraph
V-9.2)
Iz= Referencecrossflour

o
a
o

is possbleif anyoneof thefollowingconditionsis satisfiedai any

lncidenceof acousticresonance
condition.
oPerating

:..-

,:: 1:., r::.:.

, i,.,

:1. .

,,:

@TubularExchangerManuhcturp|t Assoclatlon,Inc.

:,

w|rw.tqna.org
: ..

:r,

,, ,
r'

r':

o
o

o
t

o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o

FLOW|]{DUCEDVtBRATtOtrl

sEcnoil6

V-12.41CONDITION
A PAR/AilETER
0.8f*<f".L2f*
or
0.8fb < f" < 1.2fb
V.12,A,CONDMONB PARAilETER

-0.5)
V > f"do(x,
6

V.12./BCONDITIOil
C PARATTETER
-. f^d"
v >'- "
rtc

,- r

)'r

zooo

whe{e
:
x6 = xllorfio tubepatwns
and60' tubepatterns
s, = b,1for3Oo,45',
freouency,
cycles/sec
(seeParagraph
V-12.i)
1, = Acoustic
number(seeFiguresV-12.2AandV-12.28)
S = Strouhat
crossflowvelocity
& = Heynoldsnumber,evaluatedat the reference

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

., .I. .

= Shellsidefluidviscosity,centipoise

V,12.5 CORRECTIVEACTION

Thereareseraeral
meansavailableto correcta resonantcondition,butmostcouldhavesomeeflect
on excfiangerperfomance.Thesimplestmthodis to installderesonating
batfle(s)in the
exchanger
bundleto breakthewave(s)
at or neartheantinode(s).
Thiscanbe donewithout
significanily
affeahg theshellsideflowpafrem.In shellandtubeexclrangers,
the$mdingw;rve
formsare limitedto fie ftrstor thesecondmode.Failureto cfreckbotrrmode canres.dtin acoustic
,

.,'..

iit

,,

1,,'it,,'.,

'.'1

,...;;

De-funingbaffles(sornetimeo
calleddsresonatingbaffles)areusedto breakupsound
wavesandpreventresgnance
frombeingattained.Depending.on
nodelocations,
.
9ometimesmorettdnoned+funingroc'itionis*q,l,J.-------:...Y'De-trningbafflesmaybe attachedto bundlesby weldingto tie rodspacersor to bdfles.
Theymaybe installedin onepiece,runningthe lengrth
of tre bundleor in segmeots

,
i,,H*H"flnTffi*T[l:'#f"ff:,isr,ffi1,m
each side of the baffle bul not nanow enoughthat a sound wave can be grirdadd the

yvury.te!aor9
t.,

6iE
.l,' ',tt. :..,l,

o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

VIBRA11ON
FLOWINDUCED
V-l2.2A
FIGURE
NUI'BERFOR90'TUBEPATTERNS
STROUHAL

FLOl,l

S
3.0

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
_l

'
:::

. : : . : : : : j: - : . .

.i : r, ,l : e
2 4. .
: ::: r
:

llanufacettelsAssociation,Inc.
@-Tubulaq
Exchanggq
.'.'::

. .,

r',rwr!.Fq!a.o!g.
..
1
, t,

,:: i:

, , ' , , , : ,, . '
:; . :

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o

FLOWllrlDUCED
VIBRAilON

sEgltot{ 6

NGUREV.I2.2B
STROUHAL
NUIiIBERFOR3{,",45",AIIID60OTUBEPATTERI{S

S
1.315

2.625
PL/fu = 3.95

'.',':i:r,.,r,

, ,, ]
, .,t,

',,,

,1;. ,,,.

jr l:i

:i':; :: :,:

]: ,11:'
t , : i j, ' : . 1 , ,

sEcTtoN6

o
o
o
o
o

FLOWINDUCEDVIBRATION
"Notubesin window*flowanangementbaffle providesupportto all tubesat all baffle
locationsandatsopermitthe useof mullideintonrediatesupportswithottdlecrtingthe
tubespan.
crossflowvelocitywhilereducingthe unsupported

V-13.3TUBE
PITCH
diameierratiosprovideincreasedligamentareaswttichresultin a
Largerpitch-lo-tube
tubespan,or a reducedunsupported
reducedcrossflowveloci${or a givenunsupported
tubespanfot a givencrossflowvelocity.
Theincreased
tubeto tr.6espacingreducesthe lt(elihoodof mid-spancollisiondamage
mass.coefficientgivenin FigureV-7.11.
andalsodecreases
fte hydrodynamic

V.l 3.4 EilTRAilCqEMT AFEA)

to damage
to be partiqrlarlysusceptible
Entranceandexitareasaregenerallyrecognized
in vibralionproneexdEngers.
Entranceandexitvelocitiesshouldbe calqrlatedandcomparedto criticalvdocitiesto
awid vibrationof the spansin question.It should be notedthat compliancewith Paragraph
to insureprotec{ionfrom flow inducedvibrationat the
RCB-4.62
aloneis notenorJgh
entrance/exit
regionsof the bundle.

The naturallreguencyof an unsupportedtube span is alfected by the elasiic modulusof

of the tube.
dampingcharacteristic

v-r3.8olfls9loNoF TUBES
:

i:.

::

.r'''

;.:

., :

e)gerien@excessivedamagein vibratkrnproneunits;there{ore,selectiveremovdof
trbes alongbafflecutlinsmaybe ad\tantageous.
Thehei excfrmgerdesignermustremgnkethe potentialadverseimpactonMbrationby
Thisis
conditions.
axialloadingof tubesdueto pressureand/ortemperalure
compressive
stre$s.
of an elqansioniointin suchcasesmayrewft in reductionof thefubecompressive
(SeeParagmphV.)

6,.26- '

llrnulec{uffis Asrociatlon, Inc,

@Tubu|trExdrangor
'
:::

'

nrvrv.tflnn|g
I

r' .,'.

o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
I

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O

FLOWINDUCEDVIBRATION

sEcnoil6

V.I4 SELECTED
REFERENCES
(1) Singh'K. P', andSoler,A. 1.,"Mecfianical
Design
Of HeatExchangers
AndPressure
Vessd
-N.J.,
Components',
Arcturuspublishers,
ChenyHill,
(1984)
(2) Paidoussis,
M. P., 'FlowInducedMbrationOf CylindricalS:tructrres:
A ReviewglThe$ileOf-TheArf, McGillUniversity,
MertReportNo.5z-r 6SaZ;
(3) Barrington,
E.A., "Experience
WithAcousticVibrationsIn TubularExchangers.,
Chemicd
Engineering
Progrss,
Vol.69,No.7 (1929)
(4) Banington,E.A., "cure Fxchanger
Acousticvibration,,Hydrocartonprocesx*q,ory, 1glg)
'Design
(5) chen, s- s., and
GuideForcarotatingHydrodynamh
irhss,pat r:
![ung, Ho,
CircularCy'lindrical
Structures',ArgonneNationaltaboratoiy,ileporrfrfo.Ail'lLT-764S
chung'H.,andcf9n, s_.s., "Design
partrft
GuideForcarcurating
Hydrodynamb
rJtass,
Noncircular
Cylindrical
Structures",
lbid,Reportwo.nNL_Cf_ie+g'
(6) Kissel,J. H.,nFlowInduced
Vibration
inA HeatExchanger
withSealStrips.,ASMEHTD,Vol.
e (1e80)
(4 Chen,S. S.,"FlowInduced
Vibration
Of CircularCylindrical
Structures',
Argonne
Ndiord
laboratory,ReportNo.ANL-CT-8S-51
(S) Tinker,T','GeneralDiscussion
of HeatTrans{er',
Institution
Of Mechanical
Engineers,
ppg7116,London
(1951)
(9) Gorman,
DanielJ., 'FreeVibration
Analysis
of Beams& shafts.,Johnwileyo sons,(r97s)

(ro)

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
a

M.J-,
Goyder,

Oiao.i.r_.,lxisa,
r., "OamplngJ

r*

fatisrew,Tubeso,
part i:f.p.!.,
Exchanger
InGases,Frow-rnduced
Vibtion'(idg6),
""i,"L
ASMLpvp vol. 1o4,
(1986),
pp817
(11) Pettigrew,
M.J.,Tayl.or,
c. E.,Kim,8.s., "vibration
of rube BundlesInTwo-phase
cross
- Hydrodynamic
Parl
Mass
and
Damping",
1988
Intemational
symposium
on Ror*
flouc
|
Induced
Vibration
andNoise- Volume2, ThePre66ure
- ASME,
VesselandpipingDivision
pp79-l0g
(12) conn.ors,.H.J.,
Vibration
of rube ArraysExcitedBycrossflow',FlowInduced
"Fluidelastic
york (1920)
Vlbralion
Vlbration
In
n Heat
HeatExcfiangers,
Excianoers.
Exciangers,
ASME.New
ASME,
Newyork
f197o)
(1970)
'Design
(13)
Guide
For
Catcutating
The
lnstabitity
FlowVetocityOf
Of Tut
TubeArraysIn
then,_p.q.,
Crossflow",ArgonneNationalLaboratory,ANL-CT-81-40 (19gl )

o
o
o
o
o
o
a

(16) WRCBulletin
989,datedFebruary.t994

(20) npl, TechnicalDataBook_petroleum

Refining.,
i996

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
a

$.tema.gqg

@TubularExclrangeltrlanutacturcrsAssociation,Inc.

6-n

sEcTroN6

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o

FLOWINDUCEDVIBRATK'N

O
O

a:

.,

:,r ' .;

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O

o
o
t.

: .,

&28

, j.

: r ' , 1 :, : r : :
; : i : : i ' . :,

:t:.

f f "$otr,f
,9.Tlhlar,Exc.,hangor:llanuficturyEf

*..,,'

www.tqna.ofg

a
o
o
o
o
a
o

THERMAL
RELATIONS

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
a
o

(Note: Thissection is not metricated.)

T-1SCOPEANDBASICRELANONS
T-1.1SCOPE
Thissectionoutlines
thebasicthermalrelationships
commonto mosttubularheat6ansfrr
equipment.Includedare calculation
grocedures
for determining
meantemperature
diftrence #
ove|allheattransfercoeffcient,anddiscussions
of thecauseandeffectof iouling,an<lproredrres
meanmetialtemperatures
icr determining
of shellandtubes. Recommendatia.a-for
d'E"/er{r.{|
of shellsideandfubeSideheattransferfilmcoefficienbandpressurelossesarecqrsidered
b te
outsidethes@e of theseShndards.lt shouldbe noted,ho^/ever,
thatmanyof thestandart
detailsandclearances
cansignificantly
afiectthermal-hydraulic
performance,
especially
6f,re
shellside.Particularly
relevant
in thisrespectis theresearch
conducted
OytheL,iniversity
cf
Delaurare
Engineering
Experiment
Stationunderthejointsponsorship
of ASUE,Rpt,fefrm, anU
otherinterested
organizations.
Theresultsaresummarized
in their"builetintrto.S
*t*
programon ShellandTubeExchangers.,, 1tSOS1
Reportof theCooperative
Research
T.1.2BASICHEATTRANSFER
RELATION
,-= Q
"u
ULtwhere
lo = Requiredeffectiveoutsideheattransfersurface.d
Q = Totalheatto be transfened,BTU/hr
tnnsfercoefficient,
U: Overalllheai
referred
to tubeoutsidesurfaceBTU/hrff .F
oF
Al" : Conectedmeantemperature
difference,

o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o

. ; , . 1 ' 1 t , : 1, , , : " .

:.r ,::: :: r'

,ii'
. .::,:
:: .:.
]]]]:]::

o
t

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

sEcno}|7

4=

::

Rafoofoutsideloinsidesurfaceoflubing
t,
t--'r.
, . 7:
,.
,,.
., . .:
. . . : ,I
,
r.-r.
Er = Finefficiency(whereappticable)

'':::'

;t :. ;1.,.:,:t;;.:;,1

r:ai :l:;: r:Ii:;:;

:j':::

ii::rr, .:..i'l

sEcnoil 7

a
o
o
a
o
o
o

THERIIALNE|.ATIONS

T.1.4TUBEWALLRESISTAI{CE
T.1.4I BARETUBES
,

\-l

,-=+lhl.!ll
24kl \d-2t)J

o
o
o
o
o
o
o

FINNEDTUBES
T.I./I2 TNTEGRALLY
t'n, =

where
d=
att=
lV =
k=

ODof baretubeor rootdiameterif integrallyfinned,indtes

Fn height,inches
Tubewallthickness,
inches
Number
o{ finsperincfr
BTU/hrft "F
Thermalconductivity,

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

T.1.5SELECTEDREFERENCE
BOOKS
(1)A. P. FraasandM. N. Ozlsik,"HeatExchanger
Design',JohnWiley& Sons.1965.
(2) M.Jacob,"HeatTransfer',
Vol.1,JohnWiley& Sons,1949.
(3) D.O. l(em,'ProcessHeatTransfer",
McGmw-Hill
BookCo.,1950.
fFluid
(4)J, G. KnudsenandD. L ttz,
Dynarnics
arrdHeatTrans{ef, McGraw-i{ill ookCo.,
'
1958.
(5)W. H. McAdams,
McGraw-Hill
BookCo.,ThirdEd.,'195,.
"HeatTransmission',
(6) ChemicalEngineers'
rT.2 FOULING
*T.2.1TYPESOF FOULING

Chemicalreactioniouling
' - - ' - " ' - -foulinq
-':
Conosion
' ,
Biologiodfouliq0

,:r.,

"

*T.22 EFFECTSOFFOUUT{G
: : : : : r :.: 1: : : r : : r
lt

! t i .,. 1 ,,,

l : ,, : , , I h
:i :' l l l a CGt

These
thanthefluidsor thet.rbe
is operated.Foulinglayersnomallyhavea lowerlhetmalconduc{ivity

o
o
o
o
o
o

::1.:.::
:.:::;.::.::!)..: o
inr] r!.''il,:,,j:.:,:
O

it is important
h designb
proide a foulingallowanceappropriate
to the seected operatingandmaintenanc
condition.

o
o

factors,manyof whichvaryfom userto user,ercn for identicalservices.Whentheseirctors are

known,theycanbe usedto adjusttypicalbasevaluestabulatedin fte RGPsectionof theae
:,1

: l,:ll

7.2

@TubularE<c*rangcrilanufectururcAeeociation,lnc.
. ,

.. .i ..

wryw.foma.org
. .,.. ..

. rr:

o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

fiERTALRELANONS

sEcTilfi7

iT-23T PHYSICALCONSIDERATIOI{S

Typicalphyaicalfactorsinfluencing
the deteminationof foulingresistances
are:
Fluidpropertiesandthepropensity
for foyling
Heatexchanger
geometryandorientation
Surfaceandlluidbulktemperatures
Localfluidvelocities
Heattransferprocess
FluUtreatnent
Cathodicprotection
rT-2.32ECONOil|CCONSTDERATTONS
Typicaleconomicfactorsinfluencing
thedetermination
of appropriate
foulingresistances
aIe:
Frequency
andamountol cleaningcosts
Maintenance
costs
Operating
and production
costs
Longerperiodsof timeon stream
Fluidpumping
costs
Dfneciation
rate
Taxrate6
Initialcostandvariationwilhsize
Shutdowncosts
Outof-servicecosts
fT-2,4DESIGiIFOULING
RESISTANCES

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
a
o
a
o
o

fouling
resistances,
drosen
withailphysicar
andeconomic
properry
{actors
LE
lTTelg"
evaluated'
willresultin a minimum
cost

basedonflxedchargesof theinitialinvestnieni
fu*ricfr
ln9..rean
wjtftaddedfoulingresistance)
andon cleaning
anddown-time
expenses
(whichdecrease
wifi.addedfoulingresistance).Bytheverynatureof the factorsinvolved,itr" ranrtacture, ts
i| 9 eosition
to determine
optimum
foulingresistances.
Theuser,treretore,ontneOasi"ot
Tldlm
pa$
e)Qenence
andcunentor prqectgdcosts,sho.rldspecifyttredesignfoulingresistances
forlds
particularservicesandoperatingconditions.In theabsenceof specific-data
for-seilingproper
resistances
prwiousparagraphs,
asdescribed
in the_
theusermaybeguidedbytheialues

glltllLlll?l9f

nd:Ids.tnthecaseof
inlideEurfacefoutins,thesevabes

mu$ Demuftrpledby :Tl"l{.q:sg..t

the oubide/insidesurfaceratb, as indicatedin EquationT-1.3.

T FLUIDTEIIPERATUHE
REI.ATTONS
lr,

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o

,.

t'

i:,tt,

',;,,'
,t:

. . 1 : ] 1 : : ' . , : : '

:::

,',:

l:,

, r i' : , ,

,:

.:i:ir;

:::r: ,j,:

j : , i : : : . ; : . . ri ;, 1' 1, 1 .

; : :: 1lr:::: !i

'
::

.. :a

:::::. ::.

Ngligibleheatlossto sunoundings
or internallybetweenpasses

:,i '. ': l,f:,,

,:

:. .

: , ,i , ,

7
::
a::

:::':t::: i;;l
::. :.: :."..1.
:

7
SECTION

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o

THERUALRELANONS

of temperature
Forcaseowheretheaboveconditionsdo notapply,a stepwisecalculation
differenceandheattransfersurtacemaybe necessary.
a
Excessiwfluidleakagelhrougtrthe de*ance betweenfte crossbafflesandthe shellor bettfieen
profile.Thiscondlin
alterfre axkrltemperature
longitudinal
bdfle andthe shdl cansignificantly
of the effoc{ivemeantemperdlredifference.Thefollowitg
mayresuftin significantdegradation
be
used
for
information
on thissubiect
references
may
further
Processing,
(1)J. FisherandR.O. Parker,'Newldeason HeatExchanger
Design',Hydrocarbon
Vol.48,No.7, July1969
(2)J. W. PdenandJ. Taborek,'Solutionof ShellsideFlowPressureDropandHeatTrans{erby
StreamAnalysis',
No.92,Vol.65,1969
CEPSymposium
FORI|ULT|PASSFLOW
T-3.2CORRECTTOT{

(2) ThreetJbepassespershellpass
(3) urequal sze tubepasses
(4) WeightedMTD

,:

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a

Reference
W. M. RohsenowandJ. P. Hartnett,"Handbook
of HeatTransfer",McGraw-HillBook Co.,1972
F. K Fischer,'lnd.Engr.Chem.',Vol.30,37/
(1s88)

Vol.33;1215
K.A.Gardner,'lnd.
Engr.Ghern.',
(1941)
Proc.",Vol.tts,116
D. L Gulley,'Hydrocarbon
(1e66)

betureen
lhe twofluidinlet
temperat"rechangeof thetubesidesheamlo the difference
tres,thus:
\.'''
tr)
(Tr-tt')

uppercGe ,
tJe lolvergflspl]/rFbols(4;.r4,ry,
ard c) refetfofe,li$q gidefuid;and
:r;lnsfl:cases,
(Tt Tz W,andg to the shellsidefluid. (Ihis distinctionis nc*hecessaryinthe caseof
counterflow
exchangers,
butconfusimwill be avoidedif it is obeeiled.)Thesechartsare basedql
thesameconditions
listedin ParagrqhT-3.1.

. \

@TubularExchengerllanufacturcrs Areoclrtlon, Inc,

74
':

:.'l:: ::

':: '

' : 1 .

. : . : . .

: ' , ' : : ' :

o
a
o
o
a

o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o

THERIiiALRELATIONS

sEcnot{7

T-OMEANMETALTEMPERATURES
OFSHELLANDTUBES
T4.l SCOPE
Thisparagraphoutlinesthe basicmethodfordetermindionof meanshellandhrberr|etd
temperatures.
Thesetemperatures
havea pronounced
influencein thedesignof fixedfiieded
er<ctungers.
Knowledge
of rneanmetallemperatures
is necessaryfor detefriningtr.6drd
hickness,shellandtubeaxialstressl6/els,andflexibleshellelementrequirerneirC.
n*s
paragraphprovidesthebasisfor determining
thedifierentialthermalexpansbnterm,AI , 13qluirEd
forthecalculation
of equivalent
differential
expansion
pressure,
P, (seeparagraph
RC&7.161).
T{.2 DEFINITIONS

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

4.21MEANMETALTEMPERATURE
Themeanmetial
tempereture
of eithertheshellor tubesis thetemperature
bt<srd fie
metalthickness
mjdpoint
averaged
withrespectto theexchanger
tubelength.Forthecae
of integrally
finnedtubes,thetemperature
at theprimetubem;tatthicknes!mifiriril
applies-Thelin metaltemperature
shouldnotbeweighted
withthe primetubemetal
temperature.
T4.U FLUIDAVEMGETEMPERATURE
*lybe ftuid
tqmperature
is thebutksheilor tubefiuidtemperture
LE :!:q withrespect
3vglaVe
averaged
to theexchanger
tubelength.
T4.3 RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
MEANTIIETAL
TEMPERATURES
ANDFLUIDAVERAGE
TEMPERATURES

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

i
:1::;,
:;,;:

;;l
'.,

r . . ' :1 , , , , l l a

.i ri r:'
:.,,i ,r:ii:;,;

'

'i
"

,,!:1

, - :i , r ;

',,

1.,'.

;..;.:...'..:.@.T'9.btda;Exc'han,99!$qnufa9f;3rs1Aso||x|ln:|ncj'l.1.,.i::]]']].:

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

THERIIIALRELATIONS

SECTION7

TEMPERATURE
i'EANMETAL
T4.33TUBESHEET
portion
oftubesheet:
Untubed
T,+T"
^
t','=--2Tubedportionof tubesheet:
h_F)

rn =rr*(4 -4)--r*-

.Qqrdl..,t?\
't.
h,)
wnere
"F
1nr=TubesidefluidtemPerature,
fluidiemperature,
"F
Ts= ShellsiCe
-"F
BTU/Hr-fi2
4 =Tubesideheattransfercoefficient,
- "F
BTUIHT-ft2
heattransfercoefficient;
4 = ShellsiOe
ftl
, I l+-=tanh(K)' l I

n' = L l
|K
oKl4+tanh(r)
LaK

' J|

't:

ii 'i;:''l:,,,

. i : l j ! : . : ' . :

r : :

, : ,

methods
assumelinearProfiles)
(3) Variableheattransferrate

;176i;:ii;
;;:, ;:;.;'t, ,'..' ,,

:1

,:

::

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
O

o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a

THERIIIIAL
RELATIONS

sEcTtot{7

(4) Heatexchanger
geometry,
passconfiguration,
specifically
of theshellaswella the
tubes
T4.42ISOTI{ERMAL
SHELLFLUID'ISOTHERTIAT
TUBEFLUID,ALL PASSARRATGEEIIIIi
r
4
r
1 - rt - 12
t =t, =t,
where

"F
4 = Shettsidefluidinlettemperature,
.F
4 :Stett sidefluidoutlettemperature,

o
o
o
o

'F
tr = Tubesidefluidinlettemperature,
/u = Tubesidefluidoutlettemperature,
"F

t
I

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

t=tt=t2

T =t+ LMTD
T{,45 LINEARNONTSOTHERMAL
SHELLANDTUBEFLUIDS,
TYPE"E' SHELL
Theaverageshellffuidtemperature
maybedetermined
fromthefollowing
equation:
l r '+ r' \
r-T-l
irz-r.r
,ta
l_e"),_,_tl

lThe
valueof o Lpends ontubepassgeometry
andflowdirectionas givenbebrv:
Singlepasstubes- cocunentflow

_ V,-t,llr,-r, *

LMTD""Lt2-tl
a
Singlepasstubes- countercunent
flou,
o
o
o
: ,.'
''''.
o
Evennumberof fubepasses
o
::,,,,.,,1,'"ttl,i,:,,;,,=,j t i ; , i . , . , , , .
o t r",,,,,'',.,,:,
",o
ffi|
where
o
o
L M T D,,, = Unconected
countercunent
flw L M T D
o
o
Theaveragetubefluidtemperafure
maythenbe determined
fromthe followingequailirrr:
o
..,.,...,...7.7
a
.,,,,
;a.''' ;;-:rr:t:,.::;
o
o
o
o
:" ,l';

'. t',,

l;'

':

!1:

. .l

.:::1. ::: ::ltr:.ti

1,,
, ,t ,t.,

:ii,,:jl i,

t:: .: . l:

. r . rr

'

ti

, . . . . , . r , . 1 i, ' ,

, ,1r;i:
;;;'11,
,, ,; :1r.

,:,,

:'. j'.

]:

;:::

':]:

1 , . : . 1 . " l t. 1r1i ;

sEcnoN7

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o

THERMALREI-ATIONS

l=rtturng)
where
F =LMTDCorr&ian Factor
T.4.46OTHERCASES
profilesand/orpas8geometriesother
Forcase involvingnonlineartemperature-eflthalpy
tran thoeeglvenabwe, othermefftodsmustbe usdto establishmeanmetal
Howevr,withtheassumdionof constantoverallheattranSerrate,the
temperaturee.
alwaysapplies:
lollowingrelatftrnship

I
,, O

T-i =tLuro1r1

o
o
o
o

lf one fluid averagetemperaturecan be establisied accutdely, knowingthe effective man

, ,

diffrenceallowsthe otfierto be determined.

temperature
T.4.5SELECTION
OFTHEDESiIGiICASE
whenspecifyingthe metalternperatures
All foreseeable
modesof operationshouldbe considered
shouldbe
to be usedfor calculationol the equivalentdifferentialexpansionpressure,Consideration
givento thefollowing:
(1) Normaloperation,as specifiedby purchaser,
underlouledconditionsat fte designflowrate
andteminaltemperatrrcG
(undersuchconditions,
the purchaser
(2) Oprationat lessthanthedesignfoJing allorrrance
,
sfrouldsupplydetailsin regardto anticip#d opetafngparame{er)
as specifiedbythe
Otheroperatingconditionsto whicfithe equiprnotmaybe subjec.ted,
purchaser,
limitedto:
butarenotnecessarily
mayinclude,
(1) Ahernateflowratesand/orterminaltemperatrresas maybethecaseduringstart-up,
shutdown,variableplantloads,etc.
(2) Flowof a process
ffuidor cleanfluidthroughoneside,butnoltheother
positirre
andnegativevaluesof equivalentdiffaentialexpansionpressuregenerally
Thelargest
thermal
correspond
withttrecaSesunder*hich the largestpositiveandnegativedifferential
growthsoccur; an exceptionbeingif varyingrraluesof materialmoduliiof elasticityalterthe
comparison.

of ftermalelpansiono{theshell,incheslncfv'F (seeTableD-l 1)
a5= Coefficient
expansio!.CIf
..,ar ='f;oefficintof,therFqf

l;' ...i.,;i..'.,. ,
T-4.6ADDtTtollALOOIIISIDERAnONS
EIITS
T.4.61SERIESAFRA}TGEII

conditions.Eachindividualexchangershouldbe evaluatedseparately.
temperatr.rre
all couldbe designedfor he mostseverecondfionsin the series.
Aftemately,
Hftxdfubeehedheatelrcfungersareb b operatedunderconditionsdifferingfrornfio6e
it is the purchase/sresponsibility
to determine
tor whichthe initialdes(7nwasched<ed,
will notleadto a conditionof overstress.This
tull re-

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O

a
o
o
o
a
o
o

o
a
o
o
a
a
o

@Tubular Exchangor [anufacfurcrs Assocfatlon, lnc.

...::.::.
'':

www.teme.org

o
o
o

o
o
a
a
o
o
o
o

THERilALRELANOilS

sEcrtolt7

FIGURET.El

CHAnTron SOlVll{c trrlTD tORt|lLA

1y1p=(GTTD-tfiD)

rnlcfrq\

\ LTTD/
whereGTTD= GreaterTerminalTenrperature
Difference.
LTTD= LesserTerminalTempirature Difierence.

o
o

o
o
o
O

o
o
a
o
o

o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
a
o
o
o

a
a
o
o
o
a

''

.t

l,

:,,

. i.:.; t , ,,

:.

i .,

t,

,,,, ,, ,,.: .11.,.,

,uoli

'', ,. . . ",r, . .

:i't:,:.:'
-:,:,:

7-9

.::::
]l].':.'::...
i:
l : : : r : : ' r : : : ' : _ :I ; l
:

r r . ,l :

r'r::

sEcTloN7

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o

THERMALRELATIOilS
FIGURET.32A

o
lrl
o
o
o.
llJ

Gf
oF

Et

FE

a
o
o

C)o
t- ut d- E
.rE
==

Fz
z lrl ft
r' td G >
o rJ c u J
tr
u o
o
|J

(J-

T-li
F.IF

trj

lrl
g
D
F
4

c
c
.

o
o
o
o

,i.

'-UI

-?
JL

ld

lrl
F

o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o

lrl

q,

o-

UOISVJ NOll3388O9 Ollrl .J

:,1:,:: :"

::,::

,, 'ij.

,,ll ,

:',i

a
o
o

:::
www.tm|eot!

7-10
t

:,:; ,.;,

:. ,,:

Ir.
:,l

':

o
a
o

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

THERTIALRELATIONS

sEgTtoilT

FIGURET.28

o
o

=
lr,
()

tr

UJ

o
o

lrl
G
2
{
E
UJ

tr

o.
-

o
o

lrl

o.

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
I

o
a
a
a
a
o
o

li l,. .

i' f:i,l:l

:l

. , -

,t',

rr'

:: :
,t,

':l

UOI9VJ NO|.IC3UUOC
Oltttt .J
L .'.,:
: 1]:,,1,

i ',,

. ''

:1.
.i:,, ,,t,l.,;,:

!fltoq'qts
r,,,..,,.,,,

::r:i1:;
::l;i

sEcnoil7

o
a
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o

THERMALRELANONS

o
a
o
I

o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
a
o
o
o

':'':'.

o.
. i e , , : . i . . ' r, oF . .
', o. Q
' ,
o.
o
SOICVJ NOll93UUOt Ollll .J

. .,: ,lor : .

'::.

@TubularExcfranssrllanufacturE Aasochiion, lnc.

O
O

o
o
o
a
o
SrF'9,,,,,,,,,,:,1,,,:
o
o
o
a
,:':

::

l,

'

-.

, : I : i : : : :r : ;

o
e
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o

THERI'AI RELANOilS

sEcTroN7

FIGURET3T)

a
I

o
t

o
a

a
o
o
o
I

o
a
o
o
)

o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
a
a
o
o
o
O

r',,,',.,1,
:, :i:,,:

'
I

,:,,,,: ,

'

t''

.:: ::.::

, : :i . t ,
::
rt

' . l 1I r

i:

;...:::,

UOI3VJ NO|rC3SUOS
Olhll .J
" t r . : : : ,, , ' , ,

, , . : ' , :; ..

,,

1.,, ,1,'

IT.'Tl.'"."

7-19
,'l':,-' :.,,,.. ,,.

sEcTloN7

o
a
o
o
o
o
o

THERMALRELATTONS
T.3.2E
FIGURE

o
o
a

o
o

|J

!c
rJ

o
o
a
o
I

,|t

:, r : r: I , r: :
:'
:1 :ri:::

:l.

q
-..

' ' 1 ] j . i : ] : : , : ' ] : : :

:.1:'

o!e\q
ii:.,]i;.,:
6llll r,.J':.,
., ,,:uol3vg,',ttollc3uuo3i

i O

:'1

: ]

': :. ..

...r

a
o
o
o
o

. . : ' : : . :' . : :: . : . : :

@TubularExdrangorllanufacturcncAcaoclation,Inc.

7.14
.:' .'' .

r'

: ' . :: ' l l O , , r , i,l , : : , , : l ' 9 ' , 1 i : . : . , , 9 ., !: :1 ,, . . ' 1 , . ' 9 ; :, , :

::. .:

'.

a
a
o
o
a
o
o
o

wwu.tomao|g
.:

o
o
o
o
a

a
o
o
a
o
a

THERilAt RELANOilS

sEcTtol{7

FIGURE
T.:IF

e
o

o
o
I

o
o
o
o
a
o

o-

td
F

g
lr,

o
t

o
t

o
o
o
o
o

o
o
a

,:, ':i-,t.t'

''.,,;.'

q.

,,9.:

, i ., q ' , .

ci

,--e-:-i;

UOIJVJ NOlfC3ggOtotnr.g

o
o
o
o
a

!flrer1*lt,,,,.,;,,:,,.1,,@ffi,,-T$ns";*t,T**"*f
,;:1.
,fflfl*n,Inc,,,,,:,::,,,.i:,,n,

sEcTroN7

o
o
a
o

THERMALRE[AITOilS
FIGURET.3.2G

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Fttl..-

l+

o
a
o

I
I

o
t

o
o
o
a
o

F-

o
o
o
o
o
o

,:Gl ,.. ;,

o
o
o

C'

o
o

EE

ct
o
ci
:

':'r:r

c!

c,

'l

.j":

7-16
': 't:,
t:,:
, tt

@TubularE<changerllanufacturc Assocletlon,lnc.
:.

www.toma.otg
.

.:

o
a
a
o
a

a
o
o
o
o

THERMALRELATIONS

sEcTto?t7

FIGURET.zH

o
o
I

o
a
a
o
.

a
a

o
o
o
a

.A
vl
td

trl

(,
lrt
lr.
lt
lrl

lrt
4

a
a
o
o
o
t

o
o
a

o
o

o
a
a
I

a
a
O

c,
G

lrt
I
6.

.t

t.'tt

,,:, ,t

,, ,,,i

I
'. ,.'. ;,, .

tt
,.,l,
",,

I , l , l ', . i l .

t r :. , . , ,

' .. ' i.

. =; i , , ,

o
t'.',,

.1..::,,;
1.,:.

sEcTtoN7

o
o
a
a

THERMALFEI-ANOilS
FIGURET2I

a
o
f

o
a
o
I

o
I

o
o

o
I

o
)

a
I
)

:.,:::.'::''':':.
.':

:::

::::'

:::.:.::::

!:.':::::

a
o
o
a
o
o
o
I
I

\o
o

qt

o
o
o

7.18

@TubularExc{rangorllilulacturcrc Assoclation,Inc,
'

':

i:

o
mryw.tem..org
. . : | ' : . : . ' : : ' : ' :a
':::
o
r,

a
o

o
a
t

o
I

o
o
o
o
I

o
o
o

o
o
t
o

t
I

o
I
I

o
o
t

o
o
o

o
I

a
a
o
a
J

THERilIALREI-ATIONS
FIGURET.3.2J

sEcTtot{7

o
o
o
o

THERIilALRELATIONS

sEcTloN7

T.3.2K
FIGURE

an

o
o
o
o

lrl

o
u,
o.
lrl
E

9-( el

C'

a
o
o

LJ

F
C)
|!

F.

r9

a, ()
zg tr,
q

o
o

I &
\
E
lrl

o
o

trt

E
f

:E
E
Ll
4
=
lrJ

-l!

3
o

IL

c
rO,

F=

I
a,f,

G'

'::'
li..

ol

,::

o
a
o
o
o
o
I

UOIfVJ NOll3SUUOiOltll .l
'

t
o

a
I

':
7-'in
:.,

':

@-TubularE @hangor llanufacturrs Assoclation, Inc.

a
o
o
I

I
t

o
o
o
o
o

THERTALRETATIONS

sEcTtot{7

FIGURET2L

o
a
o
t
I

o
o
.

tt
vt
t.|l

o
o

trl

=
(,
tl

t!
lrl

a
o

tl|

&,
F
d,
ul
6-

lr,l
F

I
I

I
G

o
a

o
a
a
o
o
(,

o
a
o
a
I

e
o
a
I

::r r. l .

:, t- i: .i
l!

:::

l,''
rj,

:r :

'.'

t..'

:'l : ,,

..

'.;;' ;.,1',

i .,: ,,,, ,,r'.,

,::,:

'li, i1. : ir , , i. , 'i

.ct

:.: t:.
a.:
r r: ' : .:l l . .

':':;::,|!A:t,

7
sEcTroN

o
o
o
o

THERI'ALRELANONS
T-3.2i1
FIGURE

o
a
o
o
t
I
,|}

a
t
I

o
o
c
a
o
O

; : : , ' : i i : , , ' ., t.' t

::::1 :: ::..::.:.

(!

' ' 1 J 'i : : j : : :r'r,ri !i :,

' '

:i 'iarI,r ,.,::'

, i : : . . , : ,i r
I
:t:

o
o

o
o
o

.:: ::

6tsro
ooo
'

: '. , 'r 7 R , , , ,

: : . : : :

o
a
o
o
o
a
o
a

e
a
a

a
o
a

o
o
o

THERIIALREL.ANONS

sEcTt(nt7

FIGURET.3A

a
a
o

TETIPERAruRE
EFFICIEI{CY
COT'IIIERfU)W EXCHAilGEBS
P- tz-tr

to

.1_

't -. 'I
R wc/ltG

S e e P a rT. - 3 - 3

y - Clr,efellhsat tanshr coelfiei8rd

o
o

/ - Total $$faca
u - Flowrfr cf tube fluid
h/-

Flon rsb ot shell fluirC

c - Specifiched ol tr.6e fluid

C - Soocifichoat of shell fluid

a
a
I

o
o
a
o
o
a
t

c
t

o
t

o
o

a
o
a

(D

o
{D

a
o
o

3,1,'
t"6;, ';,1
,,,,,',.;,,1
,,,'p.,,,.,
,....,
. ,i

,.,

:. ,,,,,1.,

',;

'.'*,r,,t!,f1.

sEcTtoN7

a
o
o
o
a
o
a

THERIIALRELANONS
FIGURET.3.3B

IEIIPE IATUREEFFIC|EilCY
! SHETI-PASS
EVE I'IUHBEROf IrrBE PTSSES
P - tz-tt
tu
' r-'r
P - wc/l,lr0

SeePar. T.3
& R o .T - 3 2 A

U - Orsrall heat fansior cofficioni

I
I

,l - Totat Surlacs
r0 - Flow rEieol tub fluid
t"/ - Flow rate ol shell tluid

a
a
o

c - Spcilic heat ol rubc f,uld

c - sped'lic heai ol shell ltuid

o
o
o
o
o
a

rP

o
a
o

:.

o
o
t

o
o
o
o
o

, . , , , ' , , , 1 , ; , , ,: t': , ,0. ' l , , , , , , ,

. : : : : : : : : - : j : .'
. : a : , . :a . : :: : :
:

:
i: :, .::

291
:.

:::

::

:'

i:jl

t,,,
,i ,,,,1','
,,,, ;!o

o
o

c
o

7-24
,:::' : .;: :,,:.;
:

o
o
o
o
a
o

o
a
o
o
a

THERiIALRELANONS

sEcrxl0{7

FIGURET.3C
TET'PENAruRE
EFFICE CY

to

oonuufrffiroFlsril?
passes

-, , - { r
R - wcn/tlc

U-

Sse Par.T-3.3
& F i g .T _ 3 . 2 8

Ovsrall hod tanste. coo{fidcnt

,1 - Totel Surhce

u - Flow ide oftrbe fluid

a
o

U - Flor rateol shell lluid

c = Spcifichearol tube fluid

C - Specitichet ol shell fluid

o
o
o
c
t

o
o
a

o
I
I

o
t

o
I
I

o
o
o
I

:l;',,':,,:,

; .,::::,
,, ,:
0
0.t
i- ' .
I 'l ':i l r

' ; 'r ; . .

, ,,,,t,l .i :

o,

ol

o.

l2

a
5{i
:' :' ' I L' ,,' ,,
,,;

r', , r . ,. , , r i , , r ,

o
o
a
o
o
I

TT'*T"'..o|l,P

7-E

' ,:'
::.,'.:tt...-::'.::.

.::::...::'.::

o
sEcTroN7

THERIIALREI.ATIOI{S

a
o
a
o
o
I
I
I

a
o
a
o

o
t

o
I
o
a
o
a
o
o

o
I
o
o

a
a

o
o
I

o
o
a

o
o
o

PHYSICAL
PROPERf,TES
OF FLUIDS

sEcnoils

{ilots: Thlesoctbn h not mebicrted}

a
o

P.l FLUIDDENSITY
P-1.1SPECIFIC
GRAVITY
OFUOUIDPETROLEUI,
FRACTIONS
Thespecificgravitiesof liquidpetroleum
frac-tions
andsafuratedlighthydrocarbons
*e shqwr h
FigureP-l.1.
P-1.2DENS|TYOF
ORGANTC
UeUtDS
ThegeneraldT:lt-lTg*h
Fjg.^pj.2 qeTS
of the densfiyof oigtr ic
'F, itgpproximation
lhuidsat temperatures
betwem-150"F and+500-qe
lhsrues
t*"
iemperatrresaret<nwr.
Tabrep-1.2ristshecoordinateson
"t
thecentergridfo; bcaiingG;;g;;p.intstur6s
compounds'Thereferencepointfor a substancemaybe o*6r.neo
ir in" densityb knog1&r hrc
differentternperatures.
Theintersection
pointofthgfti;t ;il,;i
r,"
i"i"i"g
!G
valuesof theknowntemperatures
anddensitiesis fre oesireo"
iJerJ['po*,t 6rc"o*"pordirg
subshre.
P-l.3 COIIPRESSIBIUTY
FACTORS
FORGASESANDVAPORS
TheP - u - r rerationships
forgasesandvaporsmayconvenienfly
be expressed
bythe
equation
Pu = ZRT ,whereP L theabsolute
pressure,
u is thespecificyolumgI is rhe
absolutetemperature,
R is a constantwhicfimaybefoundby dividingthe universalgasconstant
R uy themolecularweightof thegas,and Z is thecompressibilfi lactor.
zhas theralueof unitv
for an irlealgas underali conditir:niand,therdore,is a measureof r,"
ot#
or ti" ffiil;
i':
gas
real
or vaporfromthe idealstate.FiguresP-l .3A,p-r.ge,
p-j-.i6'are gerdized
of
Cob
compressibility
factoras a functionof reducedpressure, p / p, "nd
,and reducediemperature,
r /4 .Tneootteacurvesrepresent
constantvaruesof the pseucto-reduced
vorume
=
u,' o / (RT,/ { ) wherethesubscript
c refersto thecriticarrrarue.
Thesemaybeusedto
calculatgolessure(ortemperature)
radren
thetemperature
(orpressure)andspecifuvdwneae
known.rfP is expressed
in poundspersquareinch,u in *ot r"Jpo pound,andT in degrees
Rankine,
thenumericar
varueof R is 10.73.Forcriticarpropertydata,
p.
seeparagraph
P.2SPECIFIC
TIEAT

I
)

o
f

o
o
a

e
o
o
o
e
o
o
o
a

a
)

o
o

. ,.

l, tl,
, ,:

.',..

t,

o
O

.;,',il "
i,:',,.t :j :

1t,

,...,

':,
:i
.:l ,.::,

a
I

o ,
l ;,,1"-YY.--Tiiry
a 1,1,
o

a
o

;.',.'.,
,,1.s!,.,,

sEcnoNI

a
o
a
a

PROPERI'IES
OFFLUIDS
PHYSICAL
heat,AC" = C, - C, +,isplottedagainstreducdpressure,P, , wtthreducedtemperature,1? , as

a paramder.Outsidetherangeof thecfiar[ tfrefollowingenrpiricalequationsare accurateanorgh

purposes.
ForT, >I.2 andLCo <2,LCp =5.0311T,3 IorT, <1'.2 and
formoSprac{ical

o
t

P-6.1andP'6'2.
data,seeParagraph
LC p <25,,LCe = 91lT,o . Forqiticalproperty

o
o

HEATCONTENT

o
o
a
o

UAU|DS
P.42 HYDHOCARBOH
hydrocafom areshownin FigureP-4.2.
of liquidnonralparqffinrc
Thethermelconductivities
.
UOUIDSAI{DGASES
P-4.3MISCELLANEOUS
for a numberof liquidsand
valuesof thermalconductivity
TablesP-4.3AandP-4.3Bgivetabulated
gasgsal atmosPtleric
Pressure.
PRESSURES
P-1.4GASESAIID UOUIDSAT ELEVATED
gases
at elevatedpressurecan be correctedby the useof FigurePThennalcorductivityfor
lor
liquids
at elvatedpressurecanbe corectedby the useof FigurePconductivity
4.4A.Thennal
T lT, is lessthan0.95.
for useabove500psiaandvft'ren
4.48.Thischartis intended

o
t
t

I
i

P-SVTSCOSITY

o
a
o

thekinematicviscosityin centistokesbythe specificgravity.

by multiplying
maybe determined

fadors of 10.0,
of petmlqrrnots havingWatsonandNelson(UOP)characterization
Theviscosities
: : ' ' j , : i ,: . . :: i ,

: _ ' : l1 ' 0 , I 1

o
o
o
o

P.5.3UOUIDPETROLEUIIFRACTIO'{S
petroleum
oilthe
the viscosityof a petroleumoil at anytempsatlre, providd
m@nsfor dedermining
@nvenient
are knourn.Streamsof gimilarAPIgravitymayhavewidely
viscosities
at twotemperatuqg
therefore,valuesof viscosity$rownhereshouldbe consideiedas typicd only.
differentviscogities;

o
o
P.5.4lllscEll-At{Eous uot llxl AllD GAsEs
in FigureP-5.44 The
Theviscosfiesof certainliquidsareshownaslunctionsof temperafure
a
.viscosit.resofcertainqasesandt/apo'r8atoneatmospherepresqureaIegivenbyFigureP./a.
a
ONGASVISCOSITY
P.5 EFFE T OFPRESSURE
:

ctrartwtri*r maybe usedto estimatetheviscositiesol gasesand

FigureP-5.5is a generalized

8-2

, l

o
o
I

o
o
a

o
t

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OFFLUTDS

o
o
o

sEcnofls

pressureare known.Theviscosityratio, I
Ito l!o*, is plottedagainstreducedpressure,
reducedternperatrre,{, as a parametr,where,p*n a$ Fp arerespectivelytreriffiiesa
affnocpheric
pressureandat pressurep. Forcritbalproprtydat4 seeparagr4h pc
P6 CRMCALPROPERTIES
P6.1 PURESUBSTAI{CES
faf ef. t girresvaluesof the molecularweighb,critlcaltemperatrs,andcriticdpgares ftr
.q
a
taaor, lt is recoarrnqec15fie--f]JefV oI rure compounds.Forthecalculatioirof compressibiiity
critical_pressures
andtemperatures
of hydrogn,helium,andne6nfe acreaseOUVliS p"i;;
14.4"R respectively.
P.2 GASANDVAPORIIT'fiURES
FiguresP-l .3' P-2.5,andP-5.5maybe usedto estimatethe propertiesof gasmifrnesas nel re
puresrbstancesif pseudocriticalproperties
are usedin placeoi ttrecriticJ vahes.Thepsrb
criticaltemperafure
andpressurearedefinedasfollows:
Tr- -\ T"r+Y, T"rq,..,..,.,,tynT^
Pr".=\ fr+YrP*+.........+ Y, p^

o
o
o
o
t
I
O

o
o

ufiere { ,I, etc.qretre molefractionsof tre indMdualcomponents

and [ , T'.q,r,-ry,rtP"L
e-are
their
criticaltemperaturs
pressures.
and
1r,

P.7PROPERNES
OFGASANDVAPORTIIXTURES

To estimatepropertiesof a gds or iapor mixturefor whichfie individualcomponent

lractionsard Foperties
are l(nown,the followingformulasmay be used:
P-7.1SPECIFICHEAT

a
o
o
o
o
o
o

Co* = XlCrr+ X2Crz+..,,,.,.,,....+

X*Cr*
P.7.2THERMALCONDUCTIVITY

*^,, =

K,Y,(Mr)t't.!Kryr(M)'!' + .....+Kryr(M )rtt

Yr(Mr)''" iyr(M r)r,' + .....+yn(M)lt t

P-7.3V|SCOS|TY

+.....+Yn(M
nltz

o
o

r..,i, .;,i', '.,..

YN = MoleFraction

jl',':.
:.,r.i,';,,,.

o
o
o
.o
o
o
o ',,
o .;r-,.
o

,:.:t!

lrv = Viscostty

.:

:r 'i

.r t:: : ar: . . t : r. : : : : : )

'll

. . :i t r .

i::::

, ; : : . t , . l ; l : , : ,t . : , : l

'*,ee

: :.'.::':.jir,:.:::

';,"'-t:

lr

SECNON8

OFFLUIDS
PROPERNES
PHYSICAL

REFERENCES
P{ SELECTED
(1) Reid,R. C. andShemood,T. K, 'Popertiesol GasesandL[uids', 2ndEd.,McGravrHill
Inc., NewYorfi,1966.
BookCompany,
Inc.,NewYork,
BookCompany,
McGraw'Hill
Tecfinology",
(2) Comings,
E.W.,'HighPressure
1956.
Part1,2nd
Process
Principles',
(3) Hougen,
O. A, Watson,K. M., RagaER.A., 'Chemical
New
York,
1956.
Inc.,
Ed., JohnWiley& Sons,
ol GasesandUquids',TheM.l.T.Press,
(4) Tsederberg,
N. V., Themal Condr.rctiviUes
1965.
lnstituteof Tecfindogy,Canbridge,Massachusetts,
Maesacfru$tts
lnc.,
Engineering",
McGraw-Hill
BookCompany,
(5) Yaws,C. L, 'PhysicalProperties,
Chemical

o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
I

o
o
a
t

o
I

o
t

o
o
I

o
t

o
a
o
o
C

o
a

8:+

o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
I

o
o
a
o
a

PI{YSICALPROPERTIES
OF FLUIDS

sEcTtot{r

FIGURE
P-l,1
c

'c

o
o
a
o
o
o
o
t

o
a

o
t

rll

o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

I
c
i-

!t

-a

ia
iO

o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o

::q,q
<rro

u|lrrt

r|ttar

,..,1,, :r,

1 t , .. . :, .

;'.,,.1,;'
,1,

;','i

HTt"r.9tp

,..E{
,

lll
, , ., ,1. .li:.:.:]

sEcTloNI

a
o
o
o
o

PROPERTIES
OFFLUIDS
PHYSICAL
FIGUREP.l.2

9.2

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

9.O
.9
G

c'
ul
o
o.
i
tl
8.O

o
c

o
a

6.0

a
o
o
o
o
o

5.5
5.O

-5o.

4.0

-100

i:

,,

-150

r,i ':: :: ,

o
o
o
o
o
o

'l

o
a
o

'::

www.tome.org
''

o
o
o
o
o
I

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
OF FLUIDS

sBcTtoNS

F1GURE
P.I.3A

r; tt,
::i:.:;r':i'.;'

o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

,;i 1.ja':illi
, ' l :.,,:"',

, :: : , ,

,l ,,

,:,,:,

1l

j'1,,1..
il

,'9.T'!blhr..
r,,,r,ir:::,,r:,ri
Ti,g,fl*

As9,9cJt!ion,,n",
, ..11:r,,.

=rr.fl.

sEcnoNI

OF FLUIDS
PHYSICALPROPEBTIES
P.1,38
FIGURE

fi"2

$'z

'uouvr

ArrtsssufloJ

'

. i

:: :,

':

'

"

,'

t,

:,:

'

l l

@TubularE:<cfirilgol lilanutactuErs Assoclation, Inc.

:,

::

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

PHYSICALPROPERTTES
OFFLUTDS
FIGURE
P.l.3C

,,;'l;::, ,,:' ,

.t '.,,

, , ,, r , , . . i j ,

'::1',

'

'

::.,,:).:. . :,::: ::
:,,: ,::

r:.,'.r,,,:tl, 1,;,fi.-1ti,..
l., i'8 ,.,; ., ,,,.I
r;,,1t
'UOrllc lflTlsssutot
#.2

sEcTtot{s

OFFLUIDS
PHOPERNES
PHYSICAL

sEcnoil I

P.2.1
FIGURE

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O

o
o
o
o
o
o

0.t0('

0.E50

0.8m

1:r :.:: . t:: r:1.:1

:.::

':::.
: : : , : i : a : l. .

..:

: ..

ioo

&r0

'

fr'

3oo

'ibo '

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o

o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
a

PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
OF FLUIDS

sEcT|(il8

FIGUREP-22

o
o
O
o
o
o
o
O

a
o
o

:: r::'rl i li::

o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O

' : : : : f : , .: : : : : : ,

t0

900

rt

tI

.'

": :,i , .;1. ,.;,

'
, l i : t : , ' ' i rr i '

o'rrPltar.Fxtfitlsg;l=ilalff;acrurere
ils-Aclatlqrn,tn"l
&11
,,, 'r,'li...l
,,:,,;:1,",
,.,,,
.'. :t..
, , ,, ,,,:
.'

:j:]

::

].::

: :

sEcfloN8

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o

PHYSICALPROPERNES
OFFLUIDS
FIGUBEP-2,3A

uj
t!
E

o
Irl

.x
:!i

o
J

t-

o
()

:::: :: :: .

:::

,:i.t

r::

.. .l

1 l

:ll ,r:,:l il..:],,l'i'

i:, :l:':: li ,,ii,

: ' 1 . . ; J, : i : , , . ' ; ,

. : : : : i i : ::

v12

'.

''.''.::

::

:]

E<cfiarrger
llanufuaugryAsngistlgnlrlnc:,
:@Tubular
:.

ruuw.tfila.org
'::

o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o

PI{YSICALPROPERNES
OF FLUIDS

sEcTtoNS

FIGURE
P.2.38

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a

o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o

.,',.t.

o
a
o
a
a
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o

,,.i; r .'r,:t,

l;.::

,,:,:.',,

t;
;- :",,

..

-,',

'n,

i,

,i.,

;t''

&r3
,, :" ,,,.r
,g.."

OFFLUIDS
PROPERNES
PHYSICAL

sEcTtoNI

P.2,3C
FIGURE

lt
UJ
!.1

(t
ul
o
x
!i
J

5
tto

()

0
;,:,1:;1,.

l: .,.,:

tu,
i:

:::::

. ' t : , . ' : .i ' :

an

300

adt

to

datr

tu

t6

i:,i.','.,.nfl$neruf..Ei"Es,:t i, ,, ,:,,
'r,,
,:,;:,:,,',,,,,,.,

100

:l::

..,1]].|:::

-,:.:'.'
:,:' :,

r:'.: . ,i.

j.

.t::

,.

:::.:::,::'

':..

.,

lhnufacturors Assoclatlon,Inc.
@Tubuh E:<changor
'. '

120

ll00
.: i:

ururw.tom'a.otg
:

o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OF FLUIDS

sEcTtot{s

FIGUREP.2.4A

o
o

SPECIFIC HEATS O;

TIQUIDS
SPECIFtC
HEAT

o
I

o
o
o
o
a
o
o

6s

'{.

06A

eooo
rroe! qon

::'ff's:""

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
I

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
I

o
o
o
o
o
I

o
o
o
o
o

t , .t

; , , ,' t ' ' . ' l l

,,r, :i ' :,:.'1,. 1.l l l ' .

52

o
;lrit,ir,.l:l.i.iii
:.l:.:i

"i*.;E,fr.r.,Y*P
r',u:, ,111e*r*b'r,,:$t.,l,,rt|
;.iJ

-t : .i

"

to
';;,,::t
r l;..,,

i;' r1.,
,l,,i.,:i..:,

::::;.::.:..
::..::, .:.:.:.:
::i

:ii:

:::ii
:l.:::

::

::rr!:-.
: l:

h;',r;..,r,,:i
",,ffirl,o.iuf:,lts-flJ P9-!
,,*,,,1.Y

'''
1,,1l
,"

1.,1..,, ,'l'it...;

,ry'*19o

:
:i:
:'r':::

@Tubularbrc{rangerllanufac{urcrr Aesociaflon,Inc.

&t5

sEcTloN8

o
o
a
o

PROPERTIES
OF FLUIDS
PHYSICAL
FIGUREP-2.48

gPECI'IC HEATS.GASES I ATftI.

4.0
10

o
0o

t' I
oll

noo

12

o
o

14o16

It

o17
l8
o

t<

o
t5
o
.,... :,a:

Ileal Traasni!|io,

bt

f,t. 11 lkAd

!!,

,,

Copylighlrd

i':

lgsl.

: r

:::

Eoot Cmprny,

llcGnr-Itrlt

.I

,' ' '

Q06,,,''
005

il: :

,::'

1: :

:i

i i:

::' ::'t::: r

':'

:t

::

:I

:'.

,:

:,t

,,

@TubulatExc{rangerMenufacturereAssocietion,Inc.
.

::::::':''::'

:'::|:]] j:::

'''

lne

'':].]]]

::

::]:

',,

,l

; , 1: '

www.tgma,ofg
i

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
O

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

?
ta

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OFFLUIDS

o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

sEcrxHS

FIGUREP.2.5

o
O

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
a
a
o
a
a
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
,t

x
J
o
=
3
F

o
o
I
I
t

..

. i .;,. ''

',

t,.,,I

,,

," l: :',; , .,. ,

a','::; :': ,: .,
:

., '','

,r ,',

,t::::t:i.,',
:,:i .:l:;

j::'

::

YI"'i.:P

] ]]::l:

'.;'

:::i:

: -r :i :r ::;::

@TubularExchangerllanufac.turcrsAssociatlon,Ina

::

F7T
.:.::r:ni rr::.!Yr: r:i::::.
a:. .::. :: a::::::..,::,
li:

: i.

::::
i: : : : 1:

a: . . : : i:

o
o

OFFLUIDS
P}IYSICALPROPERTIES

P-3.1
FIGURE

HlAl CONEI{I Ot ?3ilOtStt nrCnONS S{drrDff'lc fl: Er;ECfO; Pn:sSUtI

o
o
o
o
I

o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o

7(xt
aao
tEtl?ErAIUrE, "r
,:

.,,
rcDrh|.d bt ,..mit.iod

.:
I
:
:
ot Slt ll 0.t lof,|t '|t cdF.v.

lm

t00

N@

o
o
o
o
a
o
o

,
., ,
.,,':
CoPrithr 1945.

a
o
a

i.

: . . ' l il . .: j i ; , , : , . , ,

';:i ';l i ' : : . ' '

,, I

:. ..:. :.:

',"','

'.'
,i, ,.

:'
,.,.,, ,

.::

"

:..

::

::''rl
"

&18

@TubularE(changerllanufacfuttre Association,Inc.
.::..:

"_::':"

u,u r-tema.org

a
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
t/

lD
,o
PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
OF FLUIOS

o
o
o
I

o
a
t

o
o
o
a
t

o
t

FIGURE
P2
l TE!{T HEATSOF y PORE nOfl oF yARrruS LQU|DS
!800
lTtx|
l6tx,
rgxt
r!d
ll(n
l00tt
9m
8rx)
ND
.(l0
500
&

o
a
t
I

Acctic Actd
AcctonG
Ammonia
Amld .lcahol ('iso)
gcn2cnc
Eutare (.n)
guto|rr
Butsnc (.iro)
aul!,| rlcohol (-h)
Buttl alcolrol (.iso)
Butl.lcohol
(-scc)
&!Vl rlcoM
Autt'l elcohol (itert)
&itor
dioride
C. rboo dis|l|fidc
Carbon tctr.chlodd
Chlorine
Chb|! orm

Oishcoyl
Oiph.nyl
Diphenyl oride
Cliphcnyl orldc

Ta'|.:rh,.,

| 212.392| 5.6 l l r . s
t204,1u 1 4 . oI r0.3
l r t c 3 9 2 l 3 : | 3.E
| 392.512 l 6 . 0 I e.4
| 50.572 | 3.6 1 1 2 . 5
Itlr'l-l5E | 2-5 I t r . 6
I 15&392 1 3 . 6l l l . 7
I r5?.3r5 1 3 . 4I t2.r
| ?t -s72 l 2 . o I e.8
I 302.392 I 1 . 7I e.7
1392.5t?I 6.e | ,-7
1337-517| 5.6 | 8.8
I t02-392 3.9 I g.s
l 5 ( ' . 2 t 2 : l1 3 3 I r t . t
| 2e|szr J3-5 t t 3 . 7
I sc5r2l 3.6 l l z . 3
| 212.392 | 1.5 | 1 4 . 5
I 34s-s08 I 3.7 l r s . 7
| 9-1 I 13.3
"9?-572 l il3 I 8.8
256392
50. 90 |
1r5.2
9G302 | 3.4 l r 5 - z
3{p..752 | o3 I r2.8
952 u6.!
| 3.t I r5.5

erg.sraI

dryl rrninc
362
El|ryl chlorid
369
Ethylen.
50
EthylcnG
thyl tfie"
Ethyl cth?t
Frcon.lt (CCliF)
F con-t2 (CChF:)
Fr.on-21 (CHC[F)
Frcon-22 (CHCIF:)
Fron-ll3 (CCLFCCIF
Freon.ll4 (CCIF CCIF:)
Hggt na (-rl
Hcxrnc (.n)
Malhrnc
M.lhyl.lcohol
M.iftyl.kohol
M.lhyl.m ioG
3!5
Mathyl chlo.id;
2B)
ilorhyl chlodrtc
Mctfiyl lonn tc
1t7
Hahy'cnc chtoride
121
Nitroui oxidc
9l
Nitrous orida
Octa-nc ('n)
155
PeaFni f.n)
3q9
Pcntane Ciso)
370
Fropana
26
Propyl .kohol ({)
50t
PrDpyl .lcohol (iro)
l a!6
tldin!
l 652
&drrirdiUridc.
:
I ,3r'a

t" Range
. F t:t'F

300

o
o
a
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o

sEgnoils

16U,
5N
fin

lt't.5
50466 4.O
3
gt-2ttl I| 3.t 1 97.o
|
285-182 I 1.V I 5.3
266-a.t6 | 3.9 9.0
302{45 I 4.t 12.2
5or22 | 3.O 9.3
rz2-zs6| 4I, o.6
s9.266 | 3,t t2-,
266.f64 | 1.8 12.7
rsrrazI 3.6 17.3
r4G302| 3.9 l7-2
l7u2t I 33 r5.4
rzasmI 4.O t 5.t
t!r/r-a8z
I 3.5 16.7
r 13-392| 3.5 15.7
so.srrI 3.4 l t3.5
t3r.t64 | 3.4 l r3.2
sor94 | 52 1 8.3
6&285| 3.3 | 5.3
2E3-f6itI 3.6 | 1.f
2t2.tr92| 4.t I 5-s
6r-230| 2'6 1: l l . l
2to211 | 5. 1lr.?
3o2.iE2I r.9 | t l . 3
3O21A2| 1.0| r3.7
.t 77 1t.2 | 9.2
tr-46 | 5.6 | r2.3
3,6 | .!3.E
33 1t:?l
32 1rz.7
50.+82 .3 1r!.0
n-5t7 2.t I E.A
:l@482 3.5 | EJ
366542
30475

m
r9
t8
t7
t6
l5
la
t3
t7

t0
9
8
7
d
a
3
2
I

r25
,!?
llJ
ao 159
3.O l.o

'Im

30
1,..

20'

Exampf.r:--For
t 2l?if, L-t - 7Ol.2tZ - 495 and.th
:
' . r
' hcflt l:.ler
hedt pcr lb is 970 Btl :

dl

(Latent heat accurate within + lO pcr cent)

froft "Proclss H!.t rr.asrcr."

rst Ed., Donrtd e. rem; rrccf.*-Hi||

$
IT

Book codrp.ry, Gp]antcd t|' D.dnilsioe.

o
o
I

o
o
o
o
t

ryt*-9':,3,1.;,,,;jiiqffitr"i,ll,.T.'lill,,S"HT*,,--*,:!09r,,*,rn,,,,i1:
11,,,:

o
o
a
o
o
o
a
a
o
o
o
o
a

OFFLUIDS
PROPERNES
PHYSICAT

sEcfloN I

TABLEP.33
HEATCAPACTTY
RATIOS(Cp lCvl
Actylene

1.26

Air

1.,003

Ammonia

1.310

Argon

1.688

Benzene

1.10{20O"D
1.3(X

CarbonDioxide

1.355

Eftyl Ether

1.13s
rrF)
1.n
1.13(200"R
1.m(es"R

Etrylq

1.255,

He'lium
Hexane(n-)

r.660 (-292"R

Hydlogen

1.410

Mdrane

1.31

MehylAlcohol

(171'D
1.203

Ethane
Eh/ Alcohol

o
o
t
o
o
o
a

1.08(176"R

,Nitrogen
Orygen

(Allvaluesat 60"Fandoneatnosphereunlessotherwisenoted)

o
a
I
I

o
o

, :'l ':]'.:;,ltqtlf .,
hiF-q lt-d;i
8nl
hr.---.q lHcg

:.: i: :

F par in-

tDru,::,

.1:EF;JffiTFEIi
sec--6q

cdl
ce-dsg

, hl.-+q

Djdeg'C

sq ctF-dcg

.!b

per 6

C pr cE

&'20
,,::1t'i11;
.;:, ., :

hr..Eq fl<6q

Ft'er ft

0.08333

,.:::.

C Fr

-----------tsl-

F pc! h-

tic-+q

crii--dE C Fe; c;

3.445X l0'

tii--iri

n -des C p6r n

u t.9

57.?8

360

.. ,,,...2,?"'t,.8.X
rq'.i:1,.
,
; ;,1;, ,,0,6??01,
t.
0.2388

1.422
X 10.

0.1240

'!
,,, '',.l llr x io,'-',,, i .. ...,,: l e8
2,903

oq irili-ae6 C prr co

4.187

, , t ' . , . . , 1 ! I j 8r ,
s5.99

www.tema.ofg
r , :rl.,

r,,

r:

:r :

: :: 1 : '

!:

a
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
I

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OFFLUIDS

o
t

sEcTtOt{8

FIGUREP.{.2

o
t

o
a
t

o
o
o
o
t

a
t

o
o
o

I
t

o
a
o
o
o
t

:: : .:l

a
o

:i :,:,

.;r1,;.,,1..:

t
I

o
o
o
o

-An

-10O

too

2O0

' t

o
o
o
o
I

4m

SX'

.:j , i i : ' : : ' ! . r

@TubulerE<clrangerilanufacttrers Association,Inc.

'

.,

': l:i

8"gl

r.ji:;: ::i:::.r::, i:r: i:.11

rt: ,:;i: ; :i ii:rrr.;

7
sEcTrol{I

a
o

PROPERNES
OF FLUIDS
PHYSICAL
FIGUREP.4.3A

THERMAI CONDUCTIYITYOF LIQUIDS

t = B.t,rl/(luJ(q. ll.X"l./11.)
A linoat yarhtio! wilh tdpsalura
ths dsla ar! lccoEueEdsd.

rl.y

b. arsutred. Th6 criro'tro v.luc.

give[ cebrtitul" tlro lhc lrDlrorrture

T,'r. t

Liquid

-l l 0
0
68
68
390
50
300
50
300
68
280
68
250
0
250

Glycerine
Heptqne (N)
Her<rre (N)
lleptyl

Alcohol

Alcohol

Allyl

Hexyt Alcohol

OF

Liquid
Formcldehyde

Acrylic Acid

ovor rf,i&

lirritr

..

Amyt Alcohol
Methylethyl-Ketone {MEKI
Aniline

-n,

Methyl Alcobol (Methonol) . ......

300

Benzene
Nonqne (N)

JU

3{Xt
50
300
68
176
390
50
250
-40
300
-40
140
300
32
3S)
_40
86
30tl

B r o m o b e n z e n e. . . . . . .
Oclone

Eutyl Acetate (N) .. . ....

.. .

Poro Xylene

. ...

. ..

Butyl Alcohol (ISO)

Penlqne.
Butyl Alcohol (N)

Propyl Alcohol (N)

Ccnbon Disulfide

Propyl Alcohol (lSO)

..

CarbonTetrochloride

Tqluene ...
Chlorobenzene
Trichloroethylene
C-trlorolorm
: , C-trlo,rolorm
Currene
Cumene

.$9

.132
.l16
.l6t
,l8l
.074
.05{t
.072
.$6
.077
.g7r
.077
.07{
.089

o
a
I

o
a
a
o
a

.UD'
.t\rt
.096

.0n
056
.076
.051
.076
.065
.01'1
.069
.048
.lt)6
.072

o
o
o
a
a
o

.wz
.075
.072
.0&t
.050
.084
,.1165
'316

.06s
s2 .3{3
,:loo,, :'gS3
?00' ,383
300 .395
420 _ J / O
. 620 .n5

Wqter

i00t

: .:

Dichlorodiflur
Dchlorodifluoromethqre

...

...

:{160
.068
.063

,,0s,9,
il: ,;r.,:: ltrty.l
Aqstsl
cstsle ..... i..
EthvlA

. ....,,.I . . .

o
o
o

*lit"

Ethyl Benzcne . .. . ..

,:.,::ni.08?

:l41,
.065

'

.n0
.0m

Alcoho
Ethyl Alcohol
Ethyl

..:'....'..i
.t"f'

.IUJ

230

Cyclohexcne .. ..
.,,,. ,: .c,v.-c,l,9he-Ilxi

. l . r . :: : . . , ' , ,:,

s2 .tF8

Vinyl Acelqte

. -.

176
390
g2

':068

o
o
a
o

.(X8

.m0

l/o
:t{f,2
; . 3 9 0 j , 1:i0{4
.

:1080
:i0i5

PtoF lt.! of HyrbDcctbotM"

Ertroctcd froD "Pht.tccl
co.
8y R. W. Gollort, Copyrigfil 19G0,Gull Publbhlrt
::r

"

''t::

&22
.ill 1:r:.:ii:: ,
ll

:,: i..i.:

@Tubu&rr
Excfiangetllanufecturors Assoclatlon,Inc.

wvwY.ts|m,o|g
':
i :

r r

: r -

r ' : , . :

i : : 1

o
o
o
o
a

-t

o
o
o

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OF FLUIDS

SECTlOttlI

FIGUREP.{JB

rHERlt'tAt CoNDUCIIYIIIES OF GASESAND VApORs

lk - Bn /ftrXsq IlXdeg.F per fDl

o
a

Substonce
Acelone

*T''*
Ammoniq

o
I

Benzene
Butone (n)
Butone (iso-)
C<nboo dioxide
Carbon disullide

o
a
I

I
t
I

o
o
o
a
o
o

Ethyl
Elhyl
Ethyl
Ethyl

Helium

I
I
I

Mercury
:
Melhane' ,
Melhy! ocelcte
Melhyl olcohol
Melhyl chloride

Nitric oxide
Nitrogen

o
o
o
o
o

... .t: :::

:. ,.ll:

:, ,t

Pentcne (nJ
Pentone 0go-)

Waler vcrpor,
aero Dtegsur

i :ti ::: .';

o
o

o
I

AdsPled lr@ EsNttr"'*

,

'

Mt9

j,

ocercle
olcohol
chloride
ethdrr

rilsion. hry w. lt ucAda'n!. Cqrbtt

d l95t uccraw-&lt loo& Cmpeay, bcorpo*ted.

:. ,'t I ,: i ,

: .::: ::.
: ::. :;l :

. :::

: ' :: : : a : : : : :. : :

:i:l',,r.tr,;::

,'.]:i.....].,....i...;1li1;jil.i;;...1.,1..'i...,..:.'..":.i.i.;.l.i;l|.;..;.:
www.tema.ong
'.'.:'.';:...'

@TubularErchanger Manufacturora Assoclatlon. Inc.

OF FLUIDS
PHYSICAL
PROPERNES

o
J

FIGUREP.{.4A

o
o|

I
I

ro

o
a
o
a
I
I

a
I
I

a
o
a
o
o
e
o
o
a

d
oo

'o
o

at
tt

g
oG

d oo
(,

gr

o.p

ix

Ej'

'i,t.,. rli
'5o
I

.,

ll

::

d.

=F
1', ,':
9t

a:
aE

;t

o
o
a
o
o
I

8-24
: r : r : 1 ": r, :: !: , ,r

::' ::

' :,

www.tmaofg
'

'.

o
a
o
t

t
I

o
I

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OF FLUIDS

sEcTtoilI

FIGUREP-4..|a

n3t[r r coNoucnuw-uauDtt

o
o
a

ftEsSUtECOmEC'|ON-titttAurED
coltEranoN
lL: LENOI&
J, l{. lEL nEr.rO, tra-lat Org4
Nofr: Io Gnd $cnml cottdocrictty h or Fru*orr p, ord i.n|ccrotur. l.
a ulfrfly lnr.nra voluc L bv eotio ( q.\

o
t

o
t
t
I
t
I

o
t

o
I
o
i

o
o
o

o
a
o

o
o

,il;it;i,,'tl?tt,;i"aiti,t.L*11',,'..,.$_.i'.,i,6,i=tt,,n:..,.:s.'u',.t'".,1.,.i
3i;,;*.'lt,;i;;,

'r

ii:;..rii1",

o
a
o

'i.

: 1 1 . ' i l : . ] lri li l i l

'''.::.):.::::.'.::

@TubularExchangerllenufac{urersAssoclstlon,Inc.

a6
*
:i'''.;i.if

o
sEcnoN8

PROPERNES
OFFLUIDS
PHYSICAL

o
a
a

TABLEP.5.1
v t S c o S t r rT r c o
o rf rl Y r rrS3 r 0 f t

tACror

tb

q6

It-cc-

qD

100
lb

lb

tr'

tt+t

.0{x10209

gcatipoi3rs

lF|.c.

1488

.{x}209

.031
l

11.88

tg-ros

2.42

I
I

242
3600

o
a
o
a
o

tl-src

47900

|'
tb

.{13

fl-h'
tg-scc

i '

9810

I l60m

479

txx,qr86l

.004
t3

.aH8

98.I

23?eO

To convcrt th6 numericol volus oI o F operty expressed in one ol lhe units i'l tho lelt.hond column of the -lable Io the
numericol vdlu6 erpressed rn one ol tha units in lhe bp ror ol the toble, multiply lhe lormer volue by the lqcto! in lhe
bloct common to bolh units.

FIGUREFd.l

vtscosltY

I
I

coNvERstoN P10t

o
I

a
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
a
o

o
a

: i ; : i : r ; i r: .,i ::,

a
o
o

,, ,:.,,

'

&26

urww.tema"otg

t
I

o
o

o
o
o

-T

a
o
t

a
I

sEcno{t

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OFFLUTDS
FIGUREP.52A

vtscosttY -

tEmpEnArunE RElATtOflSt{tp FoR ?ETrOltut

l[arr of cort^tfT DEGtcet

a.r-l-

i.l:

ltrctr66,

WiGr C t(urrbr,

tdr.tiidl

lottf

ctaarrcrE||r ot3Gr=aa

6 E!gir..d!g

cL.D.r.tIy

ZB,O0&! (l9!Sl

a
t

o
o
o
o
a

o
lr,
E
f
F
t
trj

&
E
r!
F

t
t
t
I
3

vl ECO
lttft3 o?

RElATION SHI1 FOt

bdu.triql

6E

gilccring

ChcEir rY t8;605-9

o
i
I

a
o
o

o
o
a
o
o

ro
@

to
to

6eld

et,

a6 br

@@W

78

it :i i:lt::i

aM

|o,

lFd

rr.::: t::::::::. ::: :

t:. j::r::a: arr:.::: r::

o
I

o
o
o

a
o

';
,,

11i..

,lgma.org
ltri i::
:i

,l:

::::: i:r:l:r:.: .!j'i:l

.r: ::.

r:r rrr. .:::: i:.::l

@TubularExchangerllanufacturerc Assoclation,Inc,

an

l :! : : , , . -; : , ; : r r. : ' : : : ,

o
a

OFFLUIDS
PROPERNES
PHYSICAL

sEcT|oN8

P.5.2C
FIGURE
VISCOIITY -

MO I l '
TETPTRAIUTG RETATIONSHIP FON PETROTEU
; ctor' r = ll.|

uHrJ ot coirJt^t{t otcleat a.t.l.

!.tt Watro!. Wi.n 6 tlutDlv, fldurrricf G E4iarrbg

Clllrittrt

ctlallct'rE^rlof'
28.609' 11936)

o
t

o
a
a
o
a

ll
0

4
,8
5c.
F70
4a

fito

3."
H'.

a
I
a

io'

o l1s

l l=rts

o
o
I

t
I

o
o

O
ao

tx,

CENTISTOKES
,j

'ti

i_----r--njt+,+
?p*-*

: , ,11 j,l1'

'l r :; . ..t' : .:ta

, , , , .. ' - , , .
#,.

o
' . l' , .

.'.

'r
l : r , . , i , ; : . ,r:

o
o

',,
',,,'r'.1.,..',
"'. ',;,1
,' ,,,t :l;,,11,;

O
tn

wrw.tillt.org
:r

i: .

a
o
I
)

o
o
o

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OF FLUIDS

sEcTtoilts

FIGUREP.5.3A

c$$q.g g g I
oo

eB 33

a
t

a
I

o
o
)

o
I
I
I

a
t

o
I

C
I
I

a
I

t
I
C

a
I

t
a
o

,o

- , :.

o
.:O,::.

I
I

.,,:-,,;-, t,,'.,t,.
,,.,a=,ii ,,t

o,,,'",,,
...
-o,,,,:

-,,-'Tq.*.,1.lit"
,,ru,,i,ur,u,'@,r,,,1'ib'rf;,,ffin"tu.ltt1*qyol"sffr?,l,nci,,,,i,

a
a
o

PROPEBNES
OFFTUIDS
PTrySrcAL

sEcTloN8

FIGUREP-5.38
oqqc
dt

it al

q
I

..l

c(\t 8 - -

a
o
o
a
o
a
I

c
a
o
I
a
t
o
t
o
a
I

a
o
I

',

r , : : , , , ., : l i l ' - d t : I t l
r,r::

::.:::.:

i.::

i::

888 e
- Q o.o

o
I
o
o
o
a
o
O
)

s30

o
a

o
o
o

o
a

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OF FLUIDS

I
I

sBcTtolts

FIGUREP-5.4A

YrscostttEs 0F t tQUtDs Ar I ATm.

:T

AEffleseg
9E

e o o r - . o , z r * **r

c
o

-EBEBEgS g
6
Lr".r...r-L-..,.,-r

It

i;

t'e

=:

r3

:9

a6
ri
s3

*-

=t

ig
*i

:cg

o
I
o
o

i-r
EE

6a

339Js9o.!.

a
-

.7F

I
t
I

d : q :.:.:

o
o

a -.r

9 1 n n.!!

o n o e <'.ro

o F o o6

t
I
I
I

t
O

Etsts8333t38!ggei8pEpRFFF85SAEgS538863S:38S88tE888E5gt:

':-r:l'?.:n9:.!--.ac6crl6.E6ro!--Frcr6roo..roor..tooroonrrr,..o..r.rrlo,.ott-o.-rr..-

x Er-r:-e!eiddddd

ji:d:jl:id:

jd::i

jidEd.i;dd!i{didi":ddiiiii

o
I

a
I

*'*is*ii*,i,
:;,fiifsiiifu
sg'E.sigi:
iFft
:
EE

n n !'... rt. oo - 9

EE

3 I r r I I E S n I RF F A S I 6 S e t CB F e Se = E ? ; 3 t l ? 3 8 a S A

,:j,,.i:.,ri "it.:

,i' ..f':,:i',it':

o
o
('

,i
.toqa.ory

@Tubu,$E(drangTManufaclu1ep
Assoctajion,
Inc.

'l

ir-::,,,;,
e31

it:...::,,i
,rl

sEcnoN8

OFFLUIDS
PHYSICAL
PFOPERTIES

o
a
o

FIGURE
P-5.48
YISC03ITIES

OF GAsES

AND

YAPORS

AI

AITN.

E E g
sgEEEEE
it;3gEEE
t...'...,t
! f - l . r , r , r , r . . . . , . . . J . , . . , . . . . t . . , . r . . . , t . . ^ . . . , . . t . ... . rl . l...t . l .

>3

! ti

ttl

ul

:= at
EE
'

g R R t s! R = rrt

ig

s e '

ro t c{'

x.

<;

5g

:ii

ES

gggEgg9EEEE

js
s.

a
a
t

o
a
o
o
o
I

a
o
I

o
o
o

Fq

a
o
o
a
t

: :

' .
: : ' ' . :

l :

a
o
o

82
t. a

www.toms,org

o
o
a
I
t
I

o
o

PHYSICAL
PROPERNES
OF FLUIDS

sEcTtsts

FIGURE
P.5

HIGH PRESSURE
GAg VISCOSIrY

o
o
o
a

Es
:!- 4

t3

4>

,2

o
I

o
o
a
o
I
o

o.2

nPtbtd br pottrittio!

o
I
a

o.8

- . ,p, _
_
=gE _
REoUCED
PRESSURE

chcralral E-""..*"

lrognr,.

syopoau

JL"

r,. l{o 16, rgss. lf.L

ch,,. J-D. patsd..!d

&E

p!*,

,,'

.:
I li

;t

. :

l
,.,::

,' ,; , :,;,,11'

Butylene
EDqd .Jlcetdtc
n-Eutyl Ahotrol
i-Butyl Atcohot
::,
Corbon Didde
Cqrbos Dafid.
Csbon Mctroride
Coton
Tetrcc,htoride
LruOrlne
ChlqblJen cne.
ChloroJArE
.:r,
:
Cuoeno
Cydohexoae
n-Decune

Didlorodilluoonetlrore

Efrilkri

: irl:,, il',

rro

0.5

Acetic Acid
AcetoDe
:
AcetyleDe
Acytic Acid
AUyl Alclhol
Amooniq
Aniline

o.4

TABLEP.1

o
a
o
o
t
I

o.3
'

aitliuii

Ethyl Bcnzene
Fluorinp
qomoldehyde

, ,1, 1 . l .

,'.,,

;'iL:::;

o
a
a

o
t

':,

:;:

@TubularExchang.olilmufecturorc
- 'Assoclallon,
--'-q:Erit
lnc.
,' , ..---a---:
".-a
,,.:.

:,

,-

-,
.

"{tl

o
o
o

OFFLUIDS
PROPERNES
PHYSICAT

sEcTtoNI

o
I

a
o
{l

a
I

a
a
I

a
a
t

a
t
o
l

a
a
I

a
o
I

o
o

I
I

;;' l ',,,:,,.,:.

,,

,,

o
a
o

a
$34

@TubularExcfiangortanufactulrc Assocladon,Inc.

rvuru.tonaoq

a
a
a
o
t

GENERALINFORi'ANON

COIITEHTS

o
a
t
t

a
a

sEcTKtilI

TABLE
D-l
D-2
D-3

TITLE

Dimensions
pipe.................
ofWelded
andSeamtess
Dimensions
ofWelded
Fittings....
Dimensions
of ASMEStandard
F|anges............
lntemational
MderialSpecifications...
Bolting
Data Recommended
Minimum...........

..................
Sz
.........................
9_g
....,.......................
9_4
... g-Zj

t
)

o
I

a
o
I
I
t
t

Hardness
Conversion
Table..
lntemalWort<ing
Pressures
of Tubesat VariousValuesof Allowable
Stress..........9_26
Moduli
of Elasticity...........
...........9_29
Colllcleirts
of Thermal
Expansion.........
9_32
:......i.:....................
lean
ThemalConductivr.ty
of Metals..._.............
...........9-3g
Weights
ol Circular
RingsandDiscs.........
...........94S
ChordLengrths
andAreasof CircularSggments:...
Conversion
Factors
.............
....... g-52
Conversion
Tables
{orWireandSheetMetatGages...............
...... $S4
,:,

o
o
I

o
o
o
a
t

,.,.11ttr,;i11

a
o

o
o
a
o
o
I

@TubularExcfrangff llanutrcfurorc Assocletion, Inc.

.'.1 .'i 1 i :u l .;i .';.." ......' n- .' ' ' ol.:..::i;.;.n

sEcnoN9

t
t

GENERALINFORilANON

a
a
o

TABLED"1
o|tF|$oit$

?l?f

OlJISIDE
DIAAI

Ih

oroS

rh

o.]'la{,

lt
th
%

Srzt

lVt
. lYt

o.gr5
0.trt

o.575
o.065
o.tao c.t'.5 o.ot3

0.o91 o.tttt
0 . t @ o.toe

0.t26
o.to.

o.rat

t.o5{, o.06t o.043

t . t t 5 o oct o.rot

0.tt3

0-r33 o.tt3

o.rt0
o.1a,
o.t5,a o.rta
0.t7,
o.179

r.tao
r.900

0.tt0
o.t15

o.t9l
o:t0

o.lt I

o.lrt o.g
O.2t'0 o.att
o,tso o.ta2
o.2tr o . f f i

0.t51 o.t5a
0.203 0.20:t

o2t8
0.2r6

o.2ll
o.rf6

O.!iL

0.?t6 o.1!6
0-?t6 o.216

0J0{,
0.3r8

o.3alo
o.3ll

o.att

o.oa9
o.065

o.tot
o.ro't
o.rot
o.r20
o'r20
o.r20
o.tto
o.t3a

o.237 o.r3?
0.25E c.t5l

o.ot3
o.rat
6.rltt o.tot e.t 3a
a.525 o. toe e.t4a

o,r7,
to.75 o.t3a o.I65
ottto c.8,
to
It
17.7t o.r t6 e.r to
o.2to o.lao
tf o.D. t4.o
o.r t6 o.rtt o.250 o.tt2 o.t75
o,la5 o.tt8 o250 o.3tt oSrt
t6(''D. | 6,0
o.ta5 o.tta o.2:to o'3lt o.438
ta o.D. I E,O
o.r tl o ttt o.250 o.,.rt o.tao
mo.D, to.o
(,.D,
o.rE3 0.2r1 0.250 o,tt5 o.5oo
12
22.O
2f.o
o.2ll o.250 o.t50 o;3t! o.'att
Lo.D.
oSto

3{t o.D. 30.o

34o.9. 3r.o

o.3t2 0.31, o.500 0.615

o.3rt o.50(' 0.625

3{ O.D, ta.o
36 0.O, 36.0

o.3t t o.too o.cilt

o.3t2 o.itoo o,5t5

t3

All dirncniiona

02E/)
0.t22

0365
0.t 5

orto
oJtt
o tc5
o.aoc
orSt
o.50

a.t gitcn

in inarr!3.

tialtld
ThG dcclrnal drlcktr.litca
o. a
thcl. rF,ttitEl
rap.rt.rt
'or.Y D. !!
.ctlrl
ttrlctnGtar
o
hcaFc
nd|rlnal
lhiaaoE
; 1 . ; , 1 , : : ,, , . : ' ,
roit rt
rliii'{n ln bold lidi *t

o.2oo

a
a

o..t6
o.375 o.ttt

o.aoo

o
I
o
a
o

o.a3t
o.500

o.l:tt
o't/t

o.3t5 o.t52
o.3t5 o.59a
o,3t5
o.375 o.at8

o.075 o.t00
o.e6', o.loo

o,3t5

o.2?.

o.rtt o.ata
o,cr5 o,rto
o.7rt o,taa
o.sa:l
o.ait:t oa32
0500 o500 oJ9a o,7rt o.alt o.tl!a o.art
o,t00 0.fi
o.tta o.719 0,taa r.000 t.t2r t.m
r.tt5 t.3t2 t.m
0.562 oj(ro
o.6tt o.araa rfio
o.33f
o.Ef5

r . 1 2 5 I375
l . 2 t E t.53t

I.625
LEr2

I
I
I

t.875 2 . 1 8
2,62 23U

o.500
o.500

o.3t5
o.t 5 ontt

o.ltoat
o.500

o
a

o.3t5 o.att
o.315 o.tto

o.500
o.500

o.3t5

o.too

o
I

'&hadd
it! gqnD6aoo t!6iaia|r-t
53 rrd tos .t av.iLble
in c.tton 3t!!L
los is .|!o .vrihH.
-lii;.s
r"a siiiiaul.
!160 in slainlcra
I' Thictnalsls
tltgwn ir ittlics arc wtlltlla
{lS'
itcct. unaci ftrc Oc,ritntllon Scb.dlt.
tv.il.6l6
allo in tt ioLrs
in ilrlica-.r.
Thlc{m.6r.3 .lpim
5-:!ecl,
Stficdols
8OS.
ondcr ttc desiEn.iioh

j :r
i':

j, rl l, ::i,.,::i,

o,otl
otlt

o.ry orto o.t3t r-09a lJ50 t.ao6

o.too o.laa t.o3 t t r r g 1'.38 I.594
o,t50 o.too 0.9:10 t . t 5 6 t.375 1 . f i z t.781
'tJ50
r.t69
o.8t2 o,soo t.otl I.281 t5tE

o.trt

o.t?s
o.3t2 o.tott
o.l ll o.500 o.625 o.375

26 0,O. 7,6.O
2E O.D. 28.O

4' O.O.

o.ltt

o
o
o
o

xr

0.o8 0.063
0.alE6 o.ott

4.5
5.563

I
I

gc$rD. SCHED.scH@,SCHID, SCHED.STAND. SCHCD. 5CHtD. EIITA scfifD. scHED,v_uatt scfttD. sCHED.
'|
lo
l2t!
r6{,
140
Af,D T
d0
00
30
80
5Sr r0s. to
N

3.5
a.o
a
5

'IPE

NO ltNAt WAlt ll ctl{Ess for

,,t 5 o.oat
7,4r3 o.ot!

7
2Yt

ot wGlD:o AllD ttAtl,:tg

I
t

.i : : : i. i: , :

r:
::

::

j. : . : : ]

] , : ]

,t :::.:,:tt':j.i: :,;::

o
I
I

o
::t
.:

: r t , . , i , l :i
. t i : tl :l . ::

r , : : , : : . , ,r .
.r :, i ,,'.:

:i

*2
..:,

o
o

o
a
t
t

o
o

GENERALINFORilANON

TABLED-2

Dlfl;t'l5lOrt5
l{on.

rh
r%

h
t/
t%
t'4

r%

3r1 lit
47.

I
l0
l2
l{

o
o

t8
20
2l
30

2,yt

z%

6
6
6
6

rzn

t5
l8
2l
24

64.
,%
8%
l0

20% l 0
2tt4 l ,
za
l4
32

ts % s
r8l4

ch

l0
t0

2l
21

l2

30
36
,ts

llV
lzt/,
t5
r8'4

35
40
48
60

l8
20
21
30

2?
30
36
{5

8
9
t0k
r0%

t2

(All Dimensionsin tr

c)(
?%

6
I
I
I

9Xt

t2
t2

,-

,/a
ttk

2%
2%

2y?
2k

3%
{

/,''11
n
/I I/ I/ |l^,14
Bt
t

r---- a -

1%

lolg

rh

syz
6tL
zXt
tt/z
to%

r2l4
r6%

rst4

2l
2l
27%

:'--_#l+

nadius W.ld El|s

A/At
LII?LrxU
LoJ

II'T
a

Sbo

ladius

lfeld

Sltaigh!

Caps

Et|c

/E+-L-l--l-r.1LJ
;\ i l'\
Coo. & Ecc. ieduccrs

l4
ll
l{
t{
I{

a
a

IF

t6
l6
l6

I8
l8
t8
:18
i8

20
20
20
:,,?0

,'r0
20
2tl

Srlb Eod.

Tees
lfoo.
PjD"
3tt.

A
tl
,t

ll
ll

t3
tt
.t3
J3

ll
ll

r0%
t0%

l{
,2
t0
I
6,

l2
t2
t2
,2
t2
tlz

rr%
trk

!8
I6
!a

t3'A

,
'Id'r
8 '

l7t4
tgtA

gtl
gr4

t2

t|tl

tor

lStl

13%
' n , ' . , l3Ve.

il-

l3
l3
l5
t2%' ' l g
rzk , l ! . :
rr9z l5

?0
t5
t0
l5
,1ri 20
,,,16,,,,, , . 1 5 . . , l { - , ' ? 0 . . .
: l { i : , 1 :15':;:i
iL,
i
: 1 2 1 , : ' 1 5 l -' r3% ' lo:;r.
!t' ',
t0
t5
tgt6 20
I
l5
12il A
:rI7'
i,l6Yt
t5
l8

21
2l

l0
I
E

zl
,:,.:t!
t?r
a

llli

f------rJ,l

Lo:0.-J

ffi

cstqelryeG
rtlor Fiirm r I*

,6",
m

,a
rs% t a ,
rs%: r . i

it'',:j:.::::
',. : ,r,,i
,:':.,,
,

,i' Li:;rL,t;.itt"

6y,
7y

I
a
1

2y, sz a
1 k r0tl/. 5
3 % l2X.
r6lft I

r%
I
,,i lrn
:::.:.
,4 2X. ilt/t
t4
I
2% r % 2n t t a
,16 3a t'/t
2Xt
lt/a 1X.
t%
t%
r%

3
ltl

a
o

o
a

7a

tt4

o
o
o

OF WH,DtilC F|tnXCS

Short

o
o
o
a

Sir!

sEcnoNg

1., ,

l'l; ,t.

ruwutema.ofg
t'.,
;i

: ''
;,,,1i;

.,. ...,
-:.,:iiri.:
@TubularFxchango,llanufacturorsAssoclation,lne.
9
i i i . " r ; , : , ; r l r i ; , ! i l i j , , , . . j , . , . . : , , , i , , , . , i ' , ; , , i ' ; . 1 . i ' r l i ' 1 l l , , i ' i t , , , , , u , , , ,,'., ilirr:i,::'i
,:i:'.,.'..ii'
i.l'l

sEcnoil9

GENERALINFORIIATION

a
a
o

TABLED.3
FLAIGES
OFASMESTANDARD
DIIIENSIONS

(All Dimensions in Inchs)

o
o
{l

BIJTD 'IAI{GE

I5{I IJ. FI.INGES

Xoa.
PIF
Str.

t/t

%
I

r%
lYz

A
t'ti
3%
.%
1%

s
D

2t4
3
tt4
,l
5
6
I
l0
L2

?%
0k
o

l0
II

I1a
,4
v

i,

%
th

%
%
I

rv
.:::'':

r%

2U
3
3y,
:r ,L .l

6
0
l0
t2

,Ll:,

r6

ll
20
2a

r%

%
,/t
tw

D(.
LYu
t%

w
,n

U.

,/t

%
tt{tr
tYN
%

'x, xr;

14.

lt4.
lYn
Itl
I rt(.
2Xe

th
sh

lri

t%

lX.

rh

tt\(,

LXt

ru

l5(.
2X.

Lta 3%
2Yt 9,4
sk zrh StXt
5tX. 2% {N6
3% 4%
6

{Oll IJ. FLANGES

r)

To

WGld Thrd.
l{rc] Slip o!

: a % ',(.
2rfr,
t4
5%
6t/t

:, F/t
tr5

8k
t0

'i,,ti
t Lr:,
h
ls
t7h
2014

4%
5t4
7%

4t/t

ll/t

t%

tx.. rn

rn

r%

NIA

I
lVt
lN.

l6
l9

2%
t%
t%

I
lVt
lXt
L%

r3%

It
20
21

tLrd.
Lcp
Slip o|| toi!t

loll
Cfrc!.

% Nt/z
% Zt/t
tX"
2%
rg. ztn
,X"

116

rl

W.ld
ll.cL

I
lt/t

l{

lloa.
Pip.
Siza

Io

ro

th
th
/a

.r.
r%
ty
t/t

r%
ll/.2

1%
r%
2%
2%

2%
2!4
2%
2%

LcP
lohl

y.

,/i
I

IX,.
rh
t%

3Vz

{
rllt
r%
1%
s%

llt/t

r5A
l:%
.t4
.-%
.4(
4.%
r.t/
i:%
8.%
8.%

6k
7%
8k

I
r 7a

lXt

lt

r%

9.Vt

l5

20.1t4

rzh

lr4c

r%

r?Yz r %
20k
2Vt
23
25r,1 2%
2%
?s
30y1
36

tbtd.
6lip or

7a
Mt
2% I
2!h rn
2tL lN.
9n ztX. rr(.
Vo 2% tN.

8.r/t
'8.7/s'

rLrk
16.r%
t6-r%
2O-r%

22%
25
29Yz

8yr

w.ld
ll.ci

*
\6
%

rl/

18%
2lt/t

t%
r%
1r/r
5a

T@

I
l0

l2.r
t?-r

2%

3%
3Xt
3%

l,'p
tobl

Bolt
Citcl.

Vt
I
Lyt
tt1tr
lYx

2%
t%
\Yz
3%
4h

lX.

rrX.
k
I
r% r %
tt4
r%
LIA
ltXt

J7,

6t4

7v
7t/t

tfo. crd
Blt ol
Hol.r

8.%
8.%
8.%
8-%
8.%

$Ye

l{
l6
1S

6%
5%

gtl
4Xt

1t/t
6

rs%
r7%

32

I
I

s% 3
4 % 20z 20.tta
s% s\4 r% 22% ?.otll
6t/t
3h s% 24% 24.1r,

l3

2%.
7
3k

l2.l
t8.Ly.
16.r%

2X6

ru

5
G
I
l0
l2

1%

,4
t4

rv

s% 8.%
2X. r0% lx.l/t

3%
3%
1%
4%

Xo!.
Pb.
Slt

e
t

24.t% 2t
24-l% 24

o
a

Boll
Circl.
a-

rn
lt/t

4k

r.%
t7

N%
3%

.2% .,.:ll.{tr
c% r % llt
3% lV. t9(,
3% ltX. tt\t

a
o

3M l.3. EI.ANGEII

llo. cad
Sit. ol
Holo

,4,%
l-t/t
4.t/1

3u

+%

5
|r/t
6r/r
7tl
714

"' g3i :::'

1.74

8.%
B.Vt
8.1
&t

'LV,s.:,
ik
sz ' r , - 8 l l , "
l2.l
2 % 2% lit/t
r2-r%
2tYr. 2 t L l3
!!Yt
t6"ru
2% ,|
3% 1% 17t/t 16.r%

:,25:',r,it/t , 6% i$,{i: t % : . 20ta :':tclk;

22% {tl/t'
3t{|
2% 6
6y,
2 N 6u 3% 5t( 2r% ,+th
n
a.r%
stl n
1oy2 2t/t 6% {
a.lr/
8% 4Yt 6% t2
3
35

I'

A
7%
4t/t
{r/t
SVt
it/c

'6Y,
7h
8%
I

r0%
10,
l{
l8Y2
g)
22

To
%
,t(r,
tX.
%

W.ld
Nocl

zr(L
2%
2l1t
2%
2%

tbrd.
Slip on

rn
r%
lYt

Boh
Circl

t3,1,
,/t
I

lX.
tta

ru

?vt rl(r,: rth

r % 3Yr rtl rN
r % 3u lrX6 I tX.
r% 3% ltt(l lrtL
r % 'l
2n zta
t%' 4y, 274.,t%.
L % 4% ZVt 2%
l.l

2n su

ztA
2t4
:W,VT:.2 % '
n
3
3%
NYt
3t4
tit
4
s1

8y.
6%
1
1%
1lz
I

3
lYc
3rA

in

.::lili'Y,

,:Si:,

1%
5
5t4

I
814

7%

r:: ::i

t:

2%
3%
st/,
3%
tt4
5.,

srA
6%
7Yt
th

No. dDd
Sir. ol
lloL.

a
o
o

tt6

l{o!q.
PiD.
Slt

14
4.%

l.tl
tlt
4.%

h
t/,
t%

o
o

' Es %
4 ,' :2
8.%
&l

8.I

?'t4

l-r;,rar 3 '
r2r% '6
tz.tY. I
r&1% l0
rs% zo-t% t2

lgy, .
llVt
13%
t7

2o%'..zFlYl
n%' ,btt/a
2s% 2+r%
28% 2r.r%
33
2t-2

'll
16
l8

n
2a

r: ,. , : . , :: , ,:I : :

:'..'''::.:':'

t
t

o
o

ExcirangortlanufactrrprsAssociation,Inc.
@Tubular

o
o
a

e,
o
t

a
o
o

GENERAL
INFORTANOil

scT(X9

TABLED,3(conttnu.d)
DIiIET{SIONSOFASUE$TANDARDFLAiIGES

900IA. ru[NcES

llom
Pipc

o
o

/t
t/t
I

lt/z

a
a

T
,/t

4l/t
5t4
sVt
6%
7

t%
rh

8%

tvl

5/,

t5
Ek
zry,

8
l0
t2

24

I
I
I

lbrd.
Slip oD

Iap
loirl

lyr

lt/t

r%
r%

rra

e?a ry.
sy, r l /
';;;
t'l:i
rx%

22t
3

a
o
a

tr/t
tt/t

2,/,
zyi

tt

4li
{

2%

ii;

;,

2Xa
2t/t
2%
3h

t/t
t%
t%
ll/t

2r;
2%
';'i.

3ri

3h
3%
4

3r/a
ltA

1%

s%

4u

3%

Eoh
Clrct.

3%
\Yz
{

s%

llo. qnd
sat ol
IIolct

..%
r.%

4%

srl

ISOOIJ. FLANGH;

To
fa

ro
Wrld
tlocl

fhrd.
Elip on

LoP
Iclal

2% r %
ztA t %
2% r%
2% rN

xY. r%

r91
IN
r%

1t/+

2%

2u

Boll
Ckd.

t%
t%
{
rN
.%
8k
,%

fo. rrd
Si- .a
gol-

E%
8%
7

t%

th
7k

8-l

8%

7y,

8-t

r0yr

ltA
lVt
Lr4

a-in

tl:ii

;;/

;n; X,L

f,("

l4t/t

2r/t

6y
6%

4t4
ttN.

ttk
I l3l
12% r2-ly2

?
8%

tg
22k

tt/t
tt4

'ii)

lt
t2%
l5t/t
l8y1
2'

8.rr,

s-t%
r2-r%
12.ry,
t6.t%
20.r%
20-r%
20-r%
20-2
2E2h
20.2%

9t/

rN
rl/

1%
4%

r5t4
t9
29
26k

3%
4%
4%

E/t
l0

29tA

5%

,134
r2h

s2%
36
N%
46

!t/t

|t/t

8%
7
I

in

lt/o

rn

s%
EYt

rrr{ r%
taTa

t1

2t4

2y

X-ll.
Iir

r-%
+tr{

t-l
a-l
t-th

6% 22
6% 24tl
7% 27
$Yt 2tN
t0t4 ist/,

,t7,
4
1')/t

ro

g
*
I
rg
116

a{
a.l
.-r%
&t
etN
*r%

4t
3

la

in 0:tx

a
5
6
I

s% rs% r2.r%

e%
r0%
t0t4
Lrt4

l3

to

t?-2
r8.2%

25
18.'N
ll
27% lE-2t/. 15
30tz t6.2y.
l8
32% rc-rr 2 0 ,
g
39
16.3x

25l|(l I^B. FTANGES

o
t
o

'4
ttl

{q

I
I

8
.10
,12

Weld
llecl

.LgP
,o|l!l

s% L\t
sy, t % 3 %
6z r % 3'J4
7v ty, s %

ry,

t)

To

2Xt
2%

1%

2%
2%
3
3%

2%
5% 3%
F % , 3%
7u : 1 %
I
3y

4Y

26l4
30.

6u

r%

t%

t9

zr%

lr4.
t rX.

r0!z
t2t4

t6t/,
:.
r g u ' ,t_0.

2%
3%
3%

4v
s%
6
1
I
lo.,

Bolt
Cjrcta

tfo. dbd
Size oI
Ilolrr

lYz
3%
lt/t
5t/.

s%
c%
1A
9
.IOrl
l2t/t

llY2
t7%.
2,lV
'a%

g.tv,

8-rz

8-r%
8-lVs,
8-lri

o Bore to match schdule o{ attocH

plpe.
:

@ Includes l/16,, rolsed loce in lS0

pound and 300 pound slandord_
L,_o_es
not include rsised loce in 4fl).
600, S00, tS00 ond ZS00 po;;;
slondord.
o Inside.pipg diometers qre also pro
'
vided by this rqble.

84N
r2-2V
tz-2%
t2.2%

a
a
I
o
a
I
a

.':'.l; rt=

..,,,t1,,:.l1.

..'.t.':*.ri.....

e
I

, ' : a , 1 , , ,: : , : ,

,.1::,,

, 1 i 1: , . , , :

a
rD

l', ff*";X'u
,'ll',,.i:

@TubulerE<changorllanutacnrrcts Arsociation,tnc,

95

a
o
e
o

GENERALINFORMATIOII
TABLED4
(.,

Eqgi

h,-

E3

Z:

id.r

$U

f;il
zz,

FE
fre
u

zs

E?n

**

Ed

8g

s
d

gHH

6tn

a
I

:frs:H:ilo A t
Efr*Ei Efr

vi4

EEO

llJ
F

E\O

o;iP

"-a

o
a

tl

!>-

.'|

ro

z< u ,

o
o

ff01

EH EHT

6.l

o
tu
J

3H
fz; {

-*
*<

LL

ou)

3S6fi
r! gt trt gl
t.,rr t& F.

H"

idu

;a$

;l

trlt!Ht

AUU

6
z
trl !

e
a

rddd6

"J9F;

3R
XF
3e Hsio
ilEf ; ; o $

9+

Eg

fr 14!4 S 1 X dLi do
te rOi <i qt O
E
M!4MM
r1Fa.r<a.l

tr

fid

tq

L:r-je:i

E i 4 i 4 1 1U

9o,re

;!, ?

o.
{!;

Flu

14E11X

1414X

E3r
p:E

rrr

FFFF

BBB

$rn

Zo

v,
z

gH

,,

11Y

!.'

t
I
t
t

Hrn

;E
o>

tt

;SH
o oz'r

a*

aa6i6

'<n

E
J

EH

tr

F- EI
7'a

FEI

Haa

2sF

Z.*,o'

:z

:l*

iE

Eg
gH

6--

t
lr

;zz

':

doo
oroc

9600roo
r.r++.rtlir*

,n
al
-i c q
:li:

- - - f - r lqlt t
Lt \r1
ro \o
F-FFTF
.,4 . :.: tt. ..
: :r,r.::

io

tr

r(,

6
al

'.,:

,,

al

6
ft

M ...

i.,.:

o
a
o
o
o
o
a
o

u.i

'

!z

(J
O
(!

,1,, ,,,,,

{41

: : . : . ' : ' :' .: : : .

EI

tvtt

',

Ji:.:t

OA

u.
f3 i*
lil

c
oq

:
c{
a
..1

6,

et

aE z:d :r9 o
, E Sfr'd U ' E
z
EO
#
s z3 {JE
-E
zIrl

.:

g
a

+*

S' aSr _H- -X_ <F' lF- ' I

.El

a;

, :..

vt

HEg$E$

dOOOOOO
om.'la.rrootro
'.rtllft+rf?
= + it tt,.'
rn\l)Nf{(.t
=r
|r.l-r-a\<\ta{

o.
H

rl:

::

l:.

t & . :: : : . . : : .

'ti v f i - : ,
r, ii =k sa I
rr r-

,::.,,
:

:::.i:.

o
a

E<

r{
z

td

] :

] l

: :

.-a

a
$,5
ll

li

I.l

tt,' ,, . . ., ,:

GENERALINFORMATION

TABLED-4(confinued)

o
t

F}

EHEE

!414

gt"-

Fc

a
o

ll.

t
I
I

o
a
a

C)
UJ

oa 4
4 ttt
J
g ls
lu

o
a

z zz
o s
EX

I
I

tr
z
(r

.Fr
t.. l

z,

a
t

. :,.:

:::

, :t , . : l

&
:

; t : : : . : : , ' :l :,
: , , : , ,, , , , . .

.. : .
l: .t..,.'

rr ^s. ' '{a e

il3s
{lvt.rt
r?P>>>
aa a *h*

= r'r

s{

gil

EaH

;nfi!lfisfrs3;ls E!Efi;r6E

o
o

EB<

.,'

:::r:i: ::::, j:, j: :::.i :

' ,t ,,1 ,,. : , 1, , , : , ,

o
Iro

.tE
(Ji

. :.

t'::.:
i,

: ' I'

,.:' ,,,

. :l'i.i

li '

,,',,
,';,,'

ng

i I : l : r , ' : : : : r:

t\

.:'i

..

Fq

t r to< E
(t
$t -r

1.,

qt

4:,
a\

';'i

c.

ia n

'

.i-l

tal

F$$
Ecq

dlJ,

arE
IJA
l

.: :|I
::l

i,

:.

.r

ii: j;

,:f.n: ,..,,1
tt.;to

:,:

: ...

l . r . : .i . r: :i

I ass
8ts

a
oo

it<

i
rYl

,,, i..':

d
tft

su d*iFsE
i E= :

: ' ,:

br i , i :'i :. :. a

!r::l: :::,.:,..,r:.,1,;,:-

tco

4l
o6
-,; qt

:. ,::, 1:t,,:a:2,, : i,,,:l, q . .

Itmqtsma.ors

*vi

,I

FE
UE

:;,'.ilr a!,..

al

l{r

,o

(.:

.8fr F*
6In

E*$
s

ll:

)I
,',1,i,:

i0
5t

dd

.al

'i::l

fiH
': <.

14

:.''''
: , : : :::

, .,, : ,,:.
p

:,i'

ab Or

, , ,i:

1r,,,
,,,,tg:::::

rs
;fr;E
EBEfrfrfr

.rt c

v,

\o;X

oPF

l.l

.i,

o
a
a

,o>

=t t
5388<
5
3
( / r8
TT
sm
a***Y
, .i , . : : F * +
, r : ,',,.,l:
,'l
s
iti' s.ft' i. l;:r.,.,
,'

, ,

HssEF

rfr

*l fj.l

#,6a
Flt'

t{

-t

tQ r,o

Uv,

R$A
H

=r+

-,1 <d
lrcrtJFj
vt v)

. - ^? 7

<
u <a.J
l& d

?E z?i

,nfi
ro El

er z.

:s ;i; <s qn, n'

9
ilP

).

::l
ro

|'r

I,.rt

frun

fru$EH iEE

L!

I,L tr.

Esr

E* tr

Ac*

tr

srre

o2
trr{

Fi

=oQ z

r.d

(6d

atu<

ou

lil

n*,8
HSI
eef;$
f;+6 f?=s

9A.u<

n1 r. N

sf i MuVo

sl g1 t{ trJ

Ht*
f;r{
z<

Fl oa
8rn
eE
te t
f;?

Or-.

BAAig

P\9rO
tu llt
t& lr.

FF
t1 v

figgss

9(t(9
6M14

tE rO"Oq

sEcTI(}|te

. 1 ,|- s * <

rsE'Bea
I
lI l r jtl< <rn =a.a

9F

qq
:

@l-<)

i 38S
t'JJ--.:

-@,.,1,,,i1.!:1te'*angerr:l1,rltf.sctusf
5i*t"r,""'

r
I

: : r , : : :,l : . i I r l:

$7

sEcnoNI

GENERAL
INFORIIATIOI{

a
a
a

TABLED4 (contlnued)

F<

'i

F$

ztz

sx

&4

frzS

T
9

|IlH

It

<|r.

<
l&

RF HS
lri

zY.

v,fr
EI

c\l

o
o
e

EF
oH

PEJ

r"

X|I1

tl

5*
6<.

.)t c9
Ir. Ui

6d;

<u <:
zea

Fi

ia $,,
sil +i

EF EH

suE

Sr

sP9*5g
ff$' mn

all
'l.

o
So.
Fo

9(J

df

Ho

EH

IJ

a
Fd
za

9U

fo

sgF

A(J

f;n

f;il4

o
I

AF
\,/

lq

z. { t a

8o
i=

I EE

o
o
o

6l

ii
a.u
(L

o
J

fiEfifi F;

3"

t)e'

o:;

1 2u

gh gh Eil

tLi
r

8<
nl

O..l

EaAn

oi
Eh

ed
g-

3=
..<
o>

3
s;

3^

gh s;

I
i

33

s H s( Jlf ,
o;

1c/
oJ e>

Hil 8b

aA E4
EVt

o
a

.ti

T
J

z z
o gF
F

E1

= E fi= I

Eu a

Z r' -

El

qt
rtt
r\ a.l

nn E5.
2Q
'rl
zu
H
Ei
H

Ed 8$

6
3

.z

lrl
!q

c.l a.l

T"]

Ennq$
35

338:

ai;
al
..1

o$R-

tq ad:a.l:

i
I

vr.
7,
t7t

.,::.: ', :.

,.:: ,.

al

,1
:
Fi rl|

d
IA:

{<

,..,1'

, 1 ,: :

:::,

'q,

o E2

a,

,&

9'8
l
' : t i ,' ' l l l ,. ., .

o
o
!4' :.

9 , ,. ,

!4:

al

I0

\E'

GI

4
u:t'

+
o.: ''.
F.

:, .:a,t:,..::.

rll,

ztrl

::: :: .::.

o
I
c

l/tF

Fc\
k{

t
I
I
a

{,

trt | ::,

a
a
a

aH'
dE

.b!

as
ub

,,!o I .
E: ,r,:

:'Eb r r:r

E4'

.,;.:,

gr,
(n: a O {
tll

rt

, , r ' , , , , r . : :O

,, .t ll,.li,

.r,Inc.
::,.i:i'' ! :'r'

oll.
g
E

el

EI

z,e
E,:,,':
EE
x * E f li i . : : r ' : . , . : : :
.EE
7a

RS','

\.|

+
k1

r,

\o

+l

frF9ilil
n
II

6
('

o
t

,o

8S

.F-

Ed qt
.itrl

FHE'

Q(T

&.

nE

uwwlema.org
r

r,:'

, a
.

i''

o
o

GENERALINFORIJIANON

sEcn(trtg

TABLED4 (conilnucd)

o
t

al
\o

>i

3
A
l4 ,.'

o
a
o
I

J-'

tf<

qo

$+

$+

EH

ilc

<i6

tr

ifo

fio<:

z,

\J

oA

i8

la

ll {n. ' l g

tu
---_.-----:.....

Iu
U)

t
o
a

UJ
t'.-

^4
E..iE

$ J

Se

4
r. a!1

d.

qrh

aE

Fi

bvl

+vlU

EHH FE

i*ie

icifi

(J;3TF

aH
tr
4 'u',3

3. ada ;

gESE:

.im(,|<?st

EfrEEH gF HHeeu

,HJ

"[.{A

rJ

a
>
+(n

ii in

ta

5
J

Ru
;*
a,a
:;
$x
EF
va'

z z

01
,..l.u
F

t
o

,z'

trl
o

E; Ei fig

,tl,,l,

',
,.,:,.,
::',"

(aF

',l

a
t

., ji ; .

';:.' ,:,

; .,:,,

:ttt::rll:

: , ,

i,F;'

:, :rr.'

35

: l ', . ,
ti":.,:,1
i ' , , . 1 r : ::. ' i .

,: ,r:::
j, .l:l::

il8

la
c
c
M

r :: r : :' t.'

EF

o-

7Ac)
ffifl
r'#1.'.,,,
U:

r t : . j t i: . r i . : , ' .

ct

: r : . , : r M:r':iir'i.
!:.
, : : ': : t ' , i ,: l ,:

i..::::..::

'oe

9C

6 i'i

;F$

;mtU

,.-.r..

+.
tt,

'l

+
v1

: ; , r .i : . r , , r :: '

':.

:'',
:

.-v

r!.

. : :] ] . : : : : ]

,:. : l

i:).

;s frf$r
^

:1. , '

c-r

Cr

3
)
:
'
:
S . ' r , ;',. i
': r,,ir'..

1.,t
,1u:,i;

,..'

ar

1,,
3
6l
4

, ,
. .

;
ji

$fi
''

ir :::i

v r -(I
7
.p.,

;sf;e
;fi

tsn

att

',
' t','l

E}aa
a

trh

R
:.

-M

RA

Fv1

t^

tl

8E
rir

Fr $$5 c

: '::::::

$s
!i

a?, aa
o E;

gJ t<

Mra
l

is
'
r',; ,.i : , t .

l' :i i:

":..,..

TA
F.

cn

tr 6 n

EO

l-l

o
o

2Q

pPatil
p]

i)

o2

ry,n

frq

ch
or ct

Ex

il,!i

E fi it::. c
SEtrlz 3d o i [
'5i

:'i,';,:t.:.,.

6
E'e

:i, rll:

rU

aa
qI.

Q
2

14
: : r . : , : : ' t i: i ' i

frl

aal

:,,1::

dr,.6E
UA

lll',t

aF
jg

*e

' '':l '

s H.E,..: ,.t

t: .n,
,,4 a/, ts

''l
:r' ;.,

B
., ,-

,,i

,l

t.

at

.,

{/l..F.

:,r,

"lH
=EiS',

- : ...,

:: ;tu
" -lR
EIE

u E
vl

...:,:.'

7,
Ftl

I
.::'l

:,I i: Il i, ,., .:

|}

, ri";,.,,,--H' ti,l"r r'io.,:.,,,,i..i@J-s

,,r
i.i.i*L*1,**ct'1c.t,lA8,Tlat.t'tn".,,
, ,,r::,,,.r,
O
Q

o'

9.9

sEcfloHI

a
o

GENERALINFORilANON
(contlnuod)
TABLEDr',0

|,

x
B: eH

t{4

xo

oO

n>

Fq

o
o

E6
E?
,"t
iZ

(J

ZU

b4P

-o

UX

H$ Hee$e

f;?

<6

HT HEE* ;

4#

6
z
g lrl

uo

an

E
.lu

Ct Fl

qI=

f;ElE!$i

h5

,:E??
33- o'o'

zB l ed ' )

;gEE

z.i-

O()

()

r9
gN

aF

z< a

ilE EHE;9 a

a
o

=>E
ad8

I
I

&

RE

ot

F{J

*\o I .(J

*8
g=
t .'r <
(JF

6. Ef

O O

&
o
E
cr

&
*
U

&
(f

oo
r.t 'i ?
a.l O\ 6
Aoo

trlc:o-

<
lru
grO^
zd=

{o

4a

z?

3;:

N
+
6to

F*

Ev

IL
,;:(J
:
l.lJ

U)

(^F!

(\^e

q:

=E

rq

EnE
fi-;

ul

. , , 2a

{uu <()

E=!

Hr

l'a9

ER :e
s q g rr. f dl
3N

?>
oF
gil

U.'{
.A4

, h {

oX oe

to,

=o'

gH Eil EH

tt

tr
'z

.:

E$

=a

d6

< 'i7

:E

>F

}8fr

ZU

F$

R
$
no

ZU

z6

Io'

*x

:E

:'E

ZE
Qo

z
u
F

:'
:

tl

ra

:9

iilj-- :: a
=rq

tl ,n
lcl

trY
:o
c'l

t.:

v,
A

.
:

o\

:..1
::

16:
rtr

e{e
r.rot

tFe

nfF
o(}G
,:;Y il ;',

ESEf i u .

,99{

:r, :'

!,

l d : . , . ! 4 . . ..

s>
i i a /l

<
{
wan

:;

a 4
X.

:t

i,::;,i

.,,,

E:Ez ' a

aa
Eg

Eg
z

$.10

a{laJ
l:il
FA.

..

vt
A

n : : : . :, . } E

rl
7,
t|l

ht

tl

dE

+,r

:
kt
1,,,

: : :. : ' :

4
.',
art: .:)

#'t

4e
>t

eiq
[.=
a-) !l
;ut

6E

at

rt

.. ..::

,,,

.'|
q.,l

a!d
r.l .\l

F
F

NE

7. q . a z
lr|
H

1,:

(.l
M

Tg
:a{
a.t

:.

iit
<d
v, vt

c
EU

F.:t:

t:'1
:':,

*,:,:,,,,

ztrl
:;

. l' :

.
.

::

.:
,-

o
a
o
O

rri l+

q,

* :"
q

f{
al

q:

?f

4
,
r't.

:' ':

E5

e.

ll. r+

l'.
ql

ci

*i'+''
-trl

q8

14 -ri i.i
trl \, 'o
(6\rt:::

F
Ol

8H

,(' j

o\
,,. ,.

r/t
r o.r

=9,a

at a.{
rat
AUr

a{

@
F

Mr

r r , l i . . l, , ' . ,

frf
EE

F,Q

t
0
t

E
}.
2

tl
ti

iE

a
o

www.tinaoig

o
o

(D

a
t

GENERALINFORMANON

sBgnoflg

TABLED-4(continuGd)

a
t

o
o
I

o
I

o
I
C

t
)

o
o
)

a
o
t

,j ,,t

I
t

;;i:..,r,'.flr.,

.:i,:rt 1,'i

lrn;.1r;.;.

t
a
t
t
o
,

rD

il t..',.u,.

.;',.t
, .,,',1

f,,,,,

+tl
:..
H'lT?.i* ii;.r:',,.,9t;ur9,"luarex*rrns*r41,*{re!ry-ryas,lg'jauonln1:,;,,
..ifl ,o;;.

sEcnoNI

I
I

GENERAL
ll*lFOBilATrcil
TABLED-{ (contlnuod}
o

*5

83
-z

h-

ta
P/.

:9
' - z.-

Fn

i) c.r

zo{

XX

re
ol*

Ro
X-l

$E

ir

f;E
zg,

;3n
*^I

&&l
|ll

(t

z
It-

e9!
8:H

EI
A.

HE
u

fiEg
Egg

u
a5

(J

G
Lll
Q
J

8^

uj
t5
J

4a

3"

;s.

q
-$
EtrI

3g

.r4

).

N6

8Fs

9=

Htl-

gE;
la
EH Efg

t!

t9

v2

H6

$E $; Ee

c^=

*gEEfrfi
E3o

FfienBfi

!1

;4*
}iUU

.1r^

E.

g;

ntH8;
;3

& .rj

Er tn

=A

$*8,, e

.,:.:.;.,

in
.a

R;

*n;

4,!r ,

4- a

8
x
.'J ;6

sBSB
lA,'

'

B,''

t :, tqi :

EI

va

. ' .'i

..

o
F
F

-gl

'Ft :a,

at

,ii i;, , ,,

(t

ol

{,r:
an

.g
lr

F,fi
*gE
z3

Q ,.:
, ,, , ' . ' ; , ,

33
t'.'Eu;g
z
f'

2.,
rl

$12

.]

,,n

.:.

n#*z

_q

H3!e7,

rtE

gg'g
F

6Fg

lrl

::ti:*

ro

2
Q

zarJ

'4':A
'

i : . ' ,

rngcl

+*6 2
3=

o
a
I

(rI

$..:

+,'

C'

ID

a
a

tlD :

9n0q

tn

,l: rr,',

h7
4.4

ar,

trJ

l:

o
o

;dx

;[F

v,

E
o, S
5A
k

nr?
9
G
-:h

o'F

*or

{J
(t

ogg

a
Ll

o
o
a
a

Ei5 2A

F.\

HE

*I

5 ,t- z

a
a
a

zl4l
l' :,:

I
I
J

o
o

a
t
o
t
o

r-)
t

GENERALIiIFORilANON

TABLEIF-4(confinucd)

:z
FU

o
Hq

HH
*i

H6*iE

Ea
trl

t
I

fie

o
o

4a

tx

t\

dd

'an

(J

(:,

i$

lil

i5

U
o

''

s:

rtk

OlI.
U'q

9^3 fr

HA

ii

o6

6o,

Ffa

IF=

t{

.A

(ti

*4 ea

5a
:',1::
l:i;l

',:
:. ..','
"

R:

lt\ ?r

8:F

2,a

n,-

9=

9
o' So.
Fa

2E

-Z

TXT

,' 't':u

'',

ffH
,r

il I ,

'..:..i

. tl ,; '1.lii;

n6[3r
ls

i5 rl

9+

Eg

vt. :
s|:

..
: I

rg
?!? 1
f;#'' ,

H'

< ': .
tn

q,'

3FrE .
*jE zQ
Itv
at

..

4ag
rr fi .f

t!|

: , : .. : . | .

ro

<...

s*
iT

<
.
aa

'ii .r;"'''

a& l&

ai6

i:il

vL ,:,.

!i s

T
c

o
.t

:.!

lrr.

*vt<t5

':
. .;

sli 3li
g
$ili ii
$fr9 $FgiE 3$
' Elt
'*8lE
6lg
s

cl

vt

. ..

F.
{It :

ro

,t5, ,'
.,rf

,,,.,,,,11
|lI

: .. .:l

. s ro;

x
ro

F
I
T.

tr;;

42 ,::

.-

e;
o
o

ut.
r r l | { : , : : , . . : ' E:-::-:--1:1--

: -i:11

frl O

t
o6
ht+

!t

a9:

Ri

g)O

'$*g

rvryw.tsna.otg

a\^

;E

v, u}

t8(, E''
i E = ll

-',
.;,i .,1.' ,,,j:1.

ififE

EE
tt c,

g=

ut

. ' , , . ' .. . . . ]

'! !0:r.
n5,tc
il'0f

ct
a{

lt!
rq

ro

: j ' ' : . .

Fg

s9
'<A

I{

ffi$ fi H,H

gE
.2

:II
3:=I

ci

sd
sq} ;lr.

'. ,'

,, .j,1.l::.:

o
o

tAZ Z

zot

a
rD
o

.r
'i

=sg s

$$;
$H r,frE Xa
EX Fff 6H

t
t

e--

HE

a{a\

oTT

..r

< zA

{TFrrF

qf

{D

.nooa
47" ZZ
bOUU

EH

Zc{

a
o

.rl

xx

c^Z
+ul
{er

ia

I
I

r/r ('|

o
FT

d3

EEEET

),

I
I

s;i p;

3r

!e

t
o
a

sEcT|(n9

, 1 , , : : . a i l jl, r:.1'1i:.
lt:. .: l::1

<)
!i ,t,,

^i9

1!(}

uiJ EiT
!a cel;

E
g

2
trl

il'l

ii: :,. i,':.

t,:

qH

m:i"

l l

@TubuhrE:<c{ranger
llenulactrers Association,Inc.

.i...]1:]..'].].:''.]''.:::''''-:.:'-'---'.-'-:--*-.-.

$t3
ar".'ir,,.r.i
1"
:,i.
ii::
.
:ir::r :r

;,ar'i:

sEcTloN9

INFORilANON
GEI'IERAL

o
o

TABLED-4(contlnuod)
I:

Fli
o<d
O^^9^

FF

t-

xoo

1< rt

oI

Fic

lrl

qN

CJ*

Ff

a{ a{

a{

XN

SE

$6

I
O

F=

EE5E5

XX

JI

l(3' i

Ri=

sE>
iR z. X z, t - .

?a

(n

at ir

".

o":":

o,t ,-

9F-@

.nneQa

fiFQ

<zz
Buo

saRaT

EEEN

o
l

o
o
o

NF

.I<In?

K**"i

trl

o2

oooo

:>>E
frzEE

E lrl

o(JL)
a.l 6l

o
c

fru

5
al

xt

6l

zt\

()

z
g
l-

a
.^{

trf

gF

;s

3m

o
o

*Fl

Hd.
:e;
;E 3
H
U!

qt.!

Hc

llJ
F

o'A

3=

()

tu
a z
<?r

a{

a{
o

o tri

s5

t
a
e
o

att

>
z

(!1

IIJ
F

I
(\

a
Cq

'

*.

(t

tr

:,:

-ut

8 9'^
'3
4l

.^

ro ro

i:: .:,

.: .:. .

$F+

Eff
z1 ,3r 6
7

:Y

E
1:s
6Eg
'vto

qE

U.l ,,

XJ

q, ttA',:,:. .,:' :,.

- F rrlz
etx

ETz

:
r r i , , , t $S,

*9 e#;li
:l:

<t
t'

e.l g

vt.

EI:

na*

.,

!?

i,
,:t
I,.....:

:.
-

:::
: ' : : ::1. 4 : : : ,. r l , .
:::

,:
:,

. ,

'
:,1
I
rt

::,

+
j

3$r

{t.

tr i

r('

E
trt

t:
l.,
.j.:

:':
:
.::.....

ui ml!

. ,.,
2,,
(ll .r : :r .;.

@TubularE<changerllanufacturercAecociatlon,Inc.

$'14

o
o
a
o
O
o

lr. l+

6l$

.-9fl

a
o

'i';':::: :
d d'

if
t\l

*.:

gEsE{:fi3
d

vr

F
ol

El .6 ri tn
:.:::.:
,,,.,':', :

:: :

5
Q tr,

d r , . , . :, l , : . :
A5 :.. :.: :.:':.:::

2.t na
,^9bs

Uo
( / ,
H|.t

ro

twt cl
dt i
QH-lrr

=d

: : *'
a,

lnn
ro

"l','

fiH

sls
8=Fr

4.,,

F.t

slH

o
rc|

,:' ll,

U)

It

r/0

o
o

x
ro

ln
E'ln

8:

".0

;;

v1 '
li 6.r
$(,

nu7

alt

r/r

hHi;
rid .o F

Bfi

sln
*i

F ;g
:-

EErt
AE
\,, \,

EI

3t

3:

EE6
nE;

TF

: .:

g$
F;

XEEIE
HEriar
EfgE
ffEEff
I

sr
g6

www.toma.org
:

:,

:,.

.t

o
c
('

a
o

GENERALINFORiiANON

a
r

TABLED-4(continud)

T:

o
o
o

t*
?E

',|J
Q

&

o
z

tr

o
o
o

60
ocI
.d

CF
!K
HH

<2
EU

He
L)

tr

ztr

zt'-

(J
o

(J

F8

(,9

,'

tll

g6

{r

<)

'r
lvt

a-it

!! l&

3F

<>^6{

nsgggt*
U:

E
ro

il ,

,'d

c{

fi

iIA. .
o

aS

Es

';: 2
,.Y Id.
::,::l

'.'t,,3zEI . :

Fg
u
E
t
',:E

,,

+ 'H

.l

o,t
Q.

-3e

5Ifi$$

2ovtoo

{(J

l:,r':

'.

,,,

'

s;aSi

..,

oo

3 3oarfiS
! ? F F ' , !re rl r { Lt.a

fr
fFFHf;
'
.:

'r

..:

1\t al

,.r -

,t, ,,,

u,.'i:

(\|

f, ':,r' ',
.

lh'

;'
;c.l -,':
C$

Or

*$F
r?+

=,'9

a6 \:
ttlt

r.i i
, ', t.,,
q

S
o3

H
l*,flu

f'1;:',;.,,.'

l& t+

r.

o9o

":.

1':

fr sF

'j 'r

ro

tc

5 , ,:,;,.r:..,::

il,

H: fi:f

''' w : : . i
E l t ' r ' i ' : :'r: . ' : ;
A-;-=;..-..--.:-i
::.:
r:,..::.
H l::

<H

,:.

E = *tJ:<rr
:n
ua

[-

$5iE e! g = 3 ;

F' trR
E&o

'l

6.':'r

:t, t.,l
i :l ,t':i l

e
9
(rt

't

c.a

r , : 1 .: l : r : i :
' :,, '
I l ,.

cr-

EFEtgE
*F*f
EfifHfi
frE
EE
rEgg
EEEE
::

).
z
flZ
at{

rt.

i ,.

,o trl

:',:,',,,,l',,t,,..,,i,,

t.t

U
<'

rrr
El |,

Em

E3

i:)

g t"t

{&' dl

, l : .: r : ,
:.. . .l :

ri

U
In

La,
h
fi

:' :',, r . ,:,',

': ,:,
:, ,'.
:..i ,,

zt\

i'o
t9;

H.l

H3

^F

a{
o

E,
nJ
t-

<z

-J

1\O
(tYod
.'r F

:E
z?

U)

5cl
$^

o
LIJ

o
o
o
o

'(X

xa

tr

t
o

FE

BgEg

6l

ld

O
I

EEE

HA

o
t

FE

I
C
C

eii
a{

B= e=

XX

t
o
a
e

:=

FF

o^^

T
( . .'

t: :i, l., ll

NA

,*
:,:,:,,,,
Itr

i$E2

'|:''''::::j

o
E ;+

::.:

sg

ii
n6,

lr

IFa !i.
d P l ..;

:: fi

;Fti z

;ri8

,1
i:i,,I Y 2
lll

@ftbdar Exclrangcrtanufrcturcrc Aesociatlon,Inc,

:i.tit ::tr:

.:-,,;
,'il;1

ei

itr:l.
.:,.i,1:ii:.i,::
: 1 1: : : r . : ' : : '

e
i
zl

&lr

::,rl

,i .1.::i, 'l

$t5

sEcrtoNI

GENERALINFORilANON

TABLED-4(continued)

-ii

-t

44

:)v

;HEF

Hf;

.E

F** Ff
zEE 24
PUC'
PU

!:

10 0a

ro

XX

s' )^z

a
o

o
T

::

F3

g lrl

aE

z
F

tr

$u

uJ
q
)

z< a

zoo

z&

z.

",

o
u?

I
t

o
o
o
I
o

$n*

oft
Hr?

stt

Hq

:Egq"'

0
a

vt

U)

6\raP

Eg;EfrE
*gilgfiE
fiEEleMg
*AEEo

9.
z
z sz
o 3A

(c
(}

l!

U'
lr.
Y, ..t
ict

a9p

Eis;fi;3H
EE
ngE$*ilFnE

lq

{tr

,lv

rA

zD

:'::1
-El

;x

:t

nl
E
al

9
3fl
aa

vr
E

P.

Fl(n

:''

l't

al

u) .,. ., :

t5,

aA :. .:

Crl

tt..

c^l

&

FI

aJ^
ll ri

EE
fiE

F b . . {rl

, 5 ' iT T n F g

d
rf

,d

<n:

*d*

a
I

;
'Y:,

:.,1,r r, ,l :.
stH6

s;Eza

E= 7
:

Ctr

!t

4E.fr'rt f
utv

.::'

*'\t,..
.it::
IA

{,} ct
"l t\ t!
=rfcs

a.l

cl

* ze

B
.:.&

,r

\,-

It

qt

lrl r

gs

' )
:l

trtr
E;
*s;
4o
aoa

(t

::::.

,u

t/l.'
F,i

l\

.q aA
Pd

$16

U
9;

]I14

Eil

ttr

l-

z
u

o,f

ul

8e

si
TF
z;

9l

-@

6z

o
e

EI

tl

.,:r

r!
,l

viez F,
ciFo
*-i

sFf
c

r!

7.

:::

I
a oZ
uErc

*fr E i (-)

z
7.

l:

rrrwg.til|&org

I
rD

o
o

o
o
.:,
.
o
I

a
I

n
)

GENERA I]{FORilANON

sEcTtot{e

TABLED4(contlnued)

t
I
}.

t
t

1E=

dE
E-

4EA
E
E,E
t,\ Jr

rda

xx
E

xl
+E

Ex E:

E4 IE
E3

I
(D
I

s=

FO

o
v,

o\o=

:rE

nI

o2 froo
t*- ;a)

ul vt

: l . . ' 1, , ,

:r

,,i;.1,,.;,

sg
ti,,i'1..;'

'.
, "tt, ..

,.:,],;: ' , ,.

r , 1 - 1, . . . ,
:'

,:

l::

fiH

Fr

q
fl

,.'::.,

+
!l!

;'fr,,r;ii n

i,,r;i.1:': il

Ft

q
=
c{{ 'n et

:,:

.,.,, i

;::l'

li:r :i. j::

::r;: irlti:

,=:,,t1.i:
Ty.tema.orS

Q q7

. . , :: , ', . , ! q ,

nH HE,l'ir, ,,.,,,,;,,..

t;

U"D
!t0

(5
F

rt
l l l : l : : :i l 1 : : , :t

fi F.:

:j

r.r

::..
.:

1 : : . : : .it . ,;,.. :.,. . .: .

.r

,:::,::: ::,.

:i::

+,
A

-.<, .,, SH

rx,; 1,..1,-i'.t'

H;

Est

E,,:,,
,, ,,, .,:. ,,:
N

tr. +

: .

: :

. . :

rrl

,il,t,.:,,,r:

F
q

;;;,;:; q u \ ' ,
i.l ::r''ir,:::'''r
r ,:::';,

,,

;* 8=

tsF

EHFtr

lnuaa
.i

*g &r--t E(J

':

,-F

!D

6o

: .. ::

o
t
o

qlq
ar:

*E og

e5

geEEfrfr
IEEEeE
egx$E;s

ta zt t

tJrr

i sEi aE

{D
I

.r{

S
F
.aR

(>

o
l
o

v)

c'!?

due

etr

= i

XH

o'&

t
I

-i2

z
zaa

7^Z

S:l

.tli:', , t ; ,

6..

ud*$
u*giF
I

n:

#0in
gi; rlir.,i.i ,Eg; :
fngl$.l,
nE
z
isSiE
h,Eo
z
'

Fgitr
,;'',"l;t,"t''

,i!.

!q,

:I

r$$g

.i,':,:i

;,,' .i ;i. t t,

,,l'', .i:it'l

:r:' .'i:., ' r, lil

F.l

'r,', 'i

t:.:

t:;:,,"i,:::;

@TubuhrErfiangr ilanutactunrs Aseociation,Inc.

gr.lz

sEcroil I

GENERALINFORHANON

TABLED"4(contlnued)

a
I

a
o
o
I
I
I

t
?
I

o
c
o
e
a
o
I

:'' ':. ::'.' ::''.::

o
a
I
o
t
a

O
'

: : : : .

: : : . : . 1

o
I

o
a
o

o
o

sEcn(rtg

o
)

o
I
O

o
t

o
o
o
o

O
t
I

o
0

o
I

,t

',

a
t
t

:: :'

1 :t , t l :

?
I

o
o
(}

o
o
a

:'.::

rnJ:,:,,
TT,..,,1"t*:"
:ii;,,,u,1,rybl*ffi*=rerulacrufrytf"pl,;,,,,,
i,,:,

sEcTloNI

o
o

GENERALINFORMATK)III

TABLED{ (contlnucd}

o
.'

'l
I

a,

o
o
0

z
o
tr

o
I

UJ
q
J

o
o
c
o

uJ
F

E
J

o
o

z
F-

[J

ts

i,,,tr,';
;, lr,,
, : :,

'1.
l 1 l . : |: . , :

::

,l.

r ,

i.li.tl.i l,,.i,'.. "

:.
..,..
,,.

:,

a
o
o

'

. . : , , ; , 1; ' ' : :

a
t
a

,,,

,,

: : , ' : ' ,' , '

.ll,t.,

:; : ,

' , 1 ,, ,1

,l

.,.

,.:' ,,.

t
,,,

, : ,: ' , . ' ' ,

; , . , 1 ;, ' :

''

.,t.,

l ' , : :,

,:'t
"'..''

'if
:li,t.,r:,j

'

,:

]i :.ii.::,,:::

:',:t,'ir:r:

I
t

O
(D

a
o

: . , , , . . ' i l, ,

$'20

::,,,,,

(D
@TubularExchangerillanulactulotuAssociation,Inc.
:
',; ;. '
, . . . ; : , :::l , , ,, ; , l , ' . , , , : ,, ,, .' ;, .. r 1 r :, ' ,

{t
I

o
a
o

GENERALINFORilANON

SECT()Ng

TABLEDs
BOLNNGDATA.RECOilUEilDED
IIIIiIIMUiI
(AltDimensions
in InchesUnlssNotd)

|l
C
I
I

t.a

Boct

Siz.
dt

L..C
fhd.

,l

t3

0.126

lala

,ara
Caoara

t 0.|r
t."

,A

0.s9

tu

rrAc

rYtr

Acao |
FLlr

|t|-t

ldad
Dbt.F.
Ir

o
o

v,

lt

0.2t2

IW

1.t75

ly,

.a

l0

0.w2

llt

l.:n3

IN

Ita

t4

0.4t9

lrAs

1.589

2t/n

IN

IN

I.7$

2Yt

tl

lnAc

2frz

lfz

?.2W

o
a
o
0

l.dl.l
Oatrnc.
R,

Ed!.
lXdaaca
E

tA

fa.rdr
Ob.aLt

loll
SL.
de

tw

v,

9l
ta

lY.

Yt

rt6t

rt/rt

Z\Ae

riAs

t'ltr

2?h

ItAa

ltAt

2%

ly.

It

2k

lYt

lY.

0.728

tl

0.929

2ttAt

ty,
r%

rx.

tl

IN

3Yt

lY.

1.t55

?%e

2,4t6

3Vt

r%

rw

tx

lyr

lVz

r\t

1,405

zYt

2.64

?y.

ltA

lyz

3/t

L%

J,)

lVt

t.680

2tAc

2.8n

JN

zYr

ly.

IN

IN

1.9m

2y1

3t135

3u

2rA

IN

4y.

lth

?.3)4

Zrt/rc

3.242

2%

l /.

4W

th

2.652

3N

3.r49

4%

ZYt

5y.

2y

2Y,

2%

J:

3A

3W

o
o
)

(a

3y,
1.292

o
I

:,,,",:

2y.

2k

4.?75

5U

3Vs

2%

5Yt

4%

{.688

5Y.

3%

zYt

6Yz

2*

6.324

4ys

5.102

6%

3yE.

2h

t.8l

5.515

6.A

3.a

lY.

3y.

f.i49

53h

5i928

7t/r

4X

3N

3W

l0.t0E

5y,

6.341

,71

, {r/,,s,

Az

8N

3X

11.566

iXr

5.755

8X

4%

7U

8
t

2k

4/t

Jh

3ta
4

4y.

'';

. :

t;,,;

,,i

t
o

.:.,' i ..,' .,.

o
e
t
0

.,1,
rfj9,,.,

..tl

, . ;. ::::i ', 1r,.i..'

on AmedcanN4ional SHrdad B1SA.2

6eto*

..: ;'

I inctr oid ciqf,r-*ci

*i-oa

i.ri."

t Inch imd itbow.

''::l':j,"'

;'

::!! .t:;i

]I',]'lii.::ii'iir
tr:: 11!.1',

'r'i;.-';.ii
::l

,t..'',r.t::

o
O
a

o
o
o

,' .,::;,,, i; 1:i1,

www.tsma.o.g
.i rr:
r,i111
,-

: . : : t : : .t . . . . . .. .

::.:

l : .:,',,::;:: :: tl:],
i':,:...:rr'!l

@TubularExchangerllanufacturers Aseociation,Inc.

$21
: : r : : : . r t r: : : r : : i . :
r!::l
::: l:.:::::::: ::r: I .lr: I l

sEcnoNI

GENERAL INFORilANOil

TABLED-sII
III}IIMUM
BOLNilGDATA.RECOilI'EIIDED
METRIC
(AllDlmendons
in M'{lime{ers
UdeesNoted)

l,lut Climansions

Threads
Pibh

FbotAros
{mm2)

Acro$ Fhrs

Across
Comers

Boft
Spacing
B
31.75

Radhl
Dislance
Rh

F.dk
Distancs

20.er

r5.88
20.64
23.8r

16.88

ld12

20.6{
23.81

Mr6

6.q

8.$

IM

.*

28.58

tt24

29.m

itI

3334

EA

39.@
49.21

IvB6

&

Edge
Oistance
ts

Bolt Sizc
dB

a
a

Mr2

115

72.398

21.m

24.8

Mr6
M20,

2m

NN

31.18

44.4ti

28.58

2.50

r38.924
e17.091

39.26

52.39

31.75

t@

2.n

92.41t)

415f

59.S

Mal

3$

312718

4t.g

58.74

t,ej'

3tp
3.50

413.854

34.q)
36fr
41.(xt
4400
50.00

53.12

6t50

33.34
36.5r
38.10

5t.f4

7&{}c

46.04

29.qt
33.34

Mit6
n42

4.@

7it8.01s
rorg.218

60.m

@.28

el.ril

53.C/

39.69

4.50

70q)

80.&l

100.00

5.00

1342.95!l

80.00

92.38

112.71

61.91
68.26

55.56

M'18

M56

5.50

186p'78

90.@

r03.92

1Zt.@

76.20

63.50

M56

i{ef

6.m
6m
6.m
6.m

246|7.1fi

100.m

139.ru

MAt

110.@

155.58

84.14
88.90

66.68

w1.7f5
407ea31
5?r/.@5

115.47
1A.M

138.s6
1s5.88

r66.69

99.66

59.85
74.61

v 2

120.0
r35.qt

l,l80

188.9r

84.t4

iilgo

6.(D

665t.528

1so.m

'173.21

a)7.96

1()7.95
119.06

s9.06

ur(n

i/(n
'M48

ilft2

I\,190
M1m

qn.965

irao

w2

t
I

a
o

o
o
I

o
;

t,t',

o
a
o
o
a

, 1 :, : : :,
:t::,,j1

; : , 1 : . i.
::
:

i1,,, ,',

',
.,. | .tl
':

:: , ;:::l

:l:.,:r:

lf: :i.,
!: ii.:rr

'l .l :: i. .. : ,

c
o

r i

a
o

(D

':',,-.
, ,
i::i

(,
:.t.i:'t
:t:::'

.::

t:'
:

'D
@TubularExchangerManufecurcrsA$oclatlon, Inc.

., ,',',. ,: : r : ' ,

wrw.tom&otg

o
a
o

a
)

GENERALITIIFORilANON

a
o

TABLED-7
clr,ARACrERtSnCS
OFTUgr{G

Tr/b6
o!.

a
o
a

ua
3F

u
18

2.

tn

'16
1

n
s/8

o
rl

o
0

314

o
I

a
I
a

o
a
6

a
1 i .1 ..
,' ' ,

2
12
13
t4
t5
16
16
l9
m
t0

l|ltdnd
inalt

6C Inart

0&a
0.@
oots
oot6
o0{g
o65
o@

0.@s6
O.GB
o.Gmo
oGm

o.06{t}
o0731
0.otrs
oma)

6@)

0.s5
0.0a9
o-Gs
o@8
olm
o@5
0.8
o.o72
o066
0.64
0'049
o(x2
0.lxt6
o,134
0.t20
0.t
o095
c0&|
9nn
o065
oG8
0.txg
oG|5

o_t06
o.tzer
0.1462
o-1saa
o.!301
ot.r$
0.165
0.18t7
0.1924
0.2005
02tEl
0e299
o2119
o.1825
02043

sq Ft
Ensnd
grb

o068l
c064
(t065,r
OIE/r
o,w
oIs82
0.0*l
o-l&
olgf,
0.1s6
ot@
o-'t*l

sq. n
hFrd
Irb
Fo, Fool

wdg|||
P.r R
bnCl
st6l

Indrd

o(E08
oGtg
otEd)
0-6tt
0.0t2s

o.(E6
0.6l
o,0{6
ooao

o.l a{
06
(}214
(}2ta

0.17r
o.18
0.t04

o277
o-$6
03t I
o-3!ri

o.um
o(xts

otE
0.0960
or(82
0.1t26
o.1162
0.t696
ol066
o,tdF
0.tt39
o.tae
o.tM.
0.td5
0.125t
0-1096 0.1296
olGla
ot3,it
0.1636 o-138()
o td]6
0.1416
o-la6
o tz|slt
0. t963
o-t2e2
o.tsdl
0.1395
0.r 96
0.l3ct
0.1969 0-lil66
(I1gdt
or529
0.ts6
o.1{87
0.1s olg
o,rs6s ot650
0.tgdl
o.D!7
otr y l
o.ttao
0.lsag
or662
0.17r0
o'17Ct
o.1E56
0.i914
o1050
0.1987
0264
o21o7
0381S
o-t754
fft618
o1916
0-?51a 0.1S9,0
02610
o2047
0261a
o2121
02616
0.'2't8:t
rro26to
01241
::0,4$B
0227A
02G18 o-a6l
026re
02495
ntszlz o2gro
uxnil
O2:[ol)
o57l
,o9elt

o tFSl

0,@

0zr

o17t
o.141

o.@1
o-53rt
0./At
o4e6
0.389
0352
o@
0.462
o.n1
o.E3t
0.q)8
o.747
o65
05s2
o,5?2.
o.478
o4cs
o36-t

Tuba ,roal|cn
t.D. dIEi-

ogtg
0.,(}2
o430

o.47
o*ls
0,{69
0 4at
0.45
0509
o.527
o.'fi
o 655

Irdl-'

g.ddl
lbdrf.
IrdE

0.@
o.mro omd]
o.ffi
0.0mrl
o drtn
0atrG
g.{Irrs 0.0@6
o-ffi6
0l)@8
O.m'|6 o.00c5
o.m0s6 od|'n
oql't?

o.@t
o.ol8
o.tIX{
o dlr2
o.ql6t
0.06t
0.ffis
o-qx)
o.tb45
o.@12
0.(I37
0,q83
o tn2a
o.ol29

o.txl6
oql|l
0.0qi6
o.(Da6

0.ot97
0.otG,
ol)t10
o.o158
o.otlts
o0194
oot 10
0.0105
0.(Er

Rd(|.d
Old.n
rro||r

o.ql?l
o6to
o,@
o@e
o1fta
at26
o_123r
mn
o.ls6
o1d)4
o.t6{9
o-16i,2
o,1s
0.is{
0,r*t0
0.1c,2
otg{tt
020t5
(12(}14
o,m7
o2otb

l' i.l,.,, .1.,

.J-D
Co.*l

0.u2
o.0116
0.0rrI'
0.0098
0.ffi
o(E
0.0076
0.ffi-/
o oGa)

9rzv

ao

t.o.

,5

e
56
5A

u
ll4
t25
la

ts

27
241
AB
&
,54

zdr
3fi)
317
310
35f)
sf,
ffi
3'tI
vl
384
41E
.15O
ltl
1A
5al
#,
451
,|04
520

0.@{4
o.m
0.0s26 o 7
12
om
0-Gt09
o.w
13
02463
o@5
omro
!4
05/9
o@2
02376
0284
0,@e
oSalt
o30r9
a@l
ozl$tt
17
o.3t5/
o,@
02155
t8
o3:x)9
o.fi78
o2.{a4
2{!
o 363'
ool3.
o53t
10
na
0.134
0t894
1.@
o.@1
offi
02662
1t
0.120
o.3161
0.969
0.0208 0,047s o27m
o.t{t)
o-*)s()
0183
o-0196 O04/ag ozzyl
t3
o0s
03*
0.7rn
0.o180 0-0411 o27'a
l4
0.m
o39{8
0.76
0_0164 o8I+
c2a15
6t6
t5
o.472
o.4tcl
o.6t8
o.fi,
0.G,37 o2s0
655
l6
0-06
o4359
o58
0.0137 ocx|r2 o.?f73
680
l7
0.68
0.4525
0.507
0.0125 0.@6
02ar6
76
t8
oo{9
o,4t42
o4{B
o.m 0.0t09 0.02,{9 0rp5
74
m
octs
0.5H
0.31.1 o.tl's
o@
(,-2972 794
o olsT
a
c3?6
1.413
0,6/0 0.|IIt2
oo7&+ o3001t sso
t0
o.13,1
0,4208
1.241
o.732 0.q150 o.0ru 036
E6
11
0.120
o4<t6
|,129
0.mo o_w7 0.054 03140
7(F
o.10s
o.{8
t_(88
i1g.
0.cKro70.061s o.3174 7t9
t3
0.05
0.5153
0.91S
oato
0.@
o.(559 o.317
gX
0.Gl
o.54lt]
o814
0.8s4 0.G3
0.o5o7 o&155
52
t5
o.u2
o5755
0:856 o-w7
Q.n4
o0as5 0-991
8S
16
0.06,
05945
o650
0:E7O ,o.ero o.0410 03lt{
w
1a
o049
udl90
0.a{
0.so2 o.ot66 oqxa
gn
o.d|at
2l)
oc[E
o67l!l
o 36'l
0 Eti!
o 0t2a ooztT 034t4
t
m
r-l14
7
o.180
0.62?t
q@o
2.0519
0.090 utzt35
gm
0336
I
0'16
o3e,48
t.9t4
ogao 0.0847 0,1355 03880
l87
i0
o:?514
,o13{.:
lsge
0.984 0.''42
orltt
olx)74
Itae
It:
0.8012 ., i :0.9ii
ora4
.o,1*
r:reo iiolo 0.11@ or !!0 .Oa01S . 1ry
1 2 ' , o.i0s
0.a|ei
o3ej'2 6zt@
1,530
li@
0.0644 ot&7
o.4@
'
1305
t3
oG5
0.s825
o.&72 O2Tr5 r .179
t.0@
0.6711 (}0&6
o.,t087
1An
l4
0.0&l
o9229
twz
0:t38
1.G|6
t.064
o@l
o.0e0 o4138
't6
1.t4
0.06
os852
03A?2 02sz
o@1
t-t20
oi4at
o.m2
0.4196
t5g,
18
0.04e
t.o{Et
o&n
0.3016 o29
1.t52
o.N4
0.694
0.4250
1626
l
r
|
:
t
i
i
l
h
.
:
,
:
m , a . , nds,i'
:
:,,Oit6s
$ph.
OIEg:
titaao
o atta, I
.: O 1?47: lr'ls :
I.lra
.
;'9r?t:1, r.1s?l
9,#'
::
.:l i 6a'
1.i9'
. 9.!tqg{ 9.!90Q: o.{Ga r ,l l 0O
E
ots
llgB
0392t oa35a lini
r2&
0.{lss ol5a5 o4c}3
1'0t4
1rt
oc,
|,39t7
o.wl
o.8ae
1A'
l.Ar,l
0.ocli 0.'t24t o.5{'l 21eo
i6
o(E
l-1711
o3eif
attFtt
o$rt
l3m
0_oE6 o!un
o5070 w
o.la,
2./se8
05296
0.,160g 2412
t.700 0.3144
o1{ (}.61680 s7t5
12'
'!te
0.109
2.19fl, ,,
.,0.1s
.2#
02904
..g2qcl
l : : i
03607 3ECJ
,25780
lql :: .,:6'q:i'
.
:n4EA ,ii.d$, illglO orfl6,,'rir#
'
ost14 ::401{
1 4r , : :
2$17 .
:0.ztglt. ,i-iihit
l.8Br..
.,i,*ti
z-tn
10
0.13{
3.9t27
o.6gt{i
05849
8'3q}
2.e2
o,$92 c5@4 0t978
1(X
ol09
4J&0
0.66.16 05s74
27861 22p.
oSGt o,{90 0{6a
6380
o dxl
a 65/rE o-alto
4,2785
2t{44
2tu
ordE
0.36S o-Eal
6,a
t0
5,@1
o7854
o7152 4_t6
g.Qf|
zip
12415
lrlta4
9trx'
6,0l?8 i ATFIri
,136r ?-7'e 1.F61 '.odtg5 1,@B . , 9{F
::,lr:,,,, 1 2 : .0.!oa
eiada tdtl
..053!n: | 0tr7.: 'a5rai:
-wdqfla
as E ad(n
.dotq
Fd d|r ni.b t|rtady t yth
o,1P
o.510
0.532
0.sGO
0.544
o606
0.@o
o.Gt4
0.62
o 6ad
o.@7
0-6s5
0.657
o685
0.709
fl7tl
o745
0,759

,,l*tr,

a
o

3
D

t
I

8-W.G
Caeo

o
I

scTtoil g

lZEe
l2t1
r .l G
1.L7

t.sat
1.4
t.t'6
I tls
rJSl
124B
1.t69

r
h
eib
!/E
G
ooqtl
q&a

&
al
!-

a
c6
!5a
a-n
ffi

t.s5
11{'

t-e
l2ss
r2dl
1:t2B
t_r86
L1?6

t 556
l17l
r .410
t.3tt
1&
1-AB
1.2tO
1.t60
1.t60
l-1|B
t.a2
l.s7E
l'3]'l

1m

1.&
1.197
1.171
1_ts l

417
ot5a
efi
!16
o.Ita
&[
o&
o.gn
o.E

szt

!r!t8
e"l9
0.195
o.t?r
0.'tsl
O,1,O

o.ts

qi9
otFa

q.:n2
02i5
0262
ozll
a20?
ot82
o16
0'119
a17l

1.07

r.4xl
rJbo

ua$
{}36
lI332
0lb5
o.:to
(xFg
Q?t0
orgt,
c1.
ot06
1.4o4
0.6G
1.359
0562
, tz:El
Llm :
1-2fti , c{d
t2t1
txst
1.t?9
o3*i
t.153
olba
r. 6
@lc
t.oo8
otGt
1_3t6
1219
1235
1.1t9
i.t6a
t.lao
1.1r F

rzla : 0 5 t 5 ,
't.rtr
o{/8
1.t24
8tF
tulll
a6{l_.
i. 059: o-sli_

,"1'15'
1.120
t.lxl6
l.ott

:t ,: tr'i

oF6
o$e
06
l.m
1&
::,!.019,,
: o$i..
: a.-il]

t ,it,;'liii

ti,l; *

(D
crsp.cL o, t|(ltd
I

a
:

a
o
a

':

wuw.tema.org
'"ii

@TubularExchangertanufacturyle Assgclafion,Inc.

,..'..

oro

1,t36

...1.!4

':,

9.zl

o
o
o
a

GENERALINFORilANOiI

sEcTlol,lI

TABLED.7IT
OFTUB|HG
CHARACTERISTICS
Tt|b
o.D.
iill

LS

9.5s

mm

Sq. Cm.

sq rt
E,nd
qrb
PrM

2
24
26

0.711
o.559
0.,|57
or m

otsto

0.ot9!l

02148
o.8zl
o2lm

o-0190

la

12,r5
oa89
o.?t1
o 55!

h:mi

8.W.6.
Gq

m
2
24

12.7

16
't8

m
t5.s

I t05

12
l3
14
15
16
17
1a
ls
20
lo
ll
t2
t3
t4
15.
16
l7
18

'1.851
13a6
o8fl
o7t1
260
2-413
2.1(l
1.8at
1.61
1.473
1J45
1.06/
o.8a

3.1{X
3.0$

zru,

o,o'155

ootTl
o.otso o otTrl
ruFs
o-gs
o.u21
0.4710
0,@
O@,lit
0.5156
0.02s oo4s5
056/A
o.m
o@gt
0.6*I'
o.@
00321
03187 0.@
odn
o.@e
0.0s4it
ot&
o altdt
ogst
oerx oo40a c.Gr25
os6f
0.or09 0,(B47
oo{b
oa68
tdin
t.t7z3
0.0{90 o-csa
i2413
oo9
0.c195
o.o{s
00{06
1.3t29
1-4071
oorg9 o0421
i.4q||l
ao9
0.0132
1_56(E ooaeo Ollrl4l
1.1n1
13101
1.43,12
1.5630
1.t&
1.8406
1.s,.77
2G8
2-t542
2l|,32
1.66/l

Wdgt{
P6l,
Lrlgfl
9.l
IGJ

o.0$

0.or0s 0'0104 o.m

otFso oGl6
oG96 o.(xr/

o.ffi
0 oaeF
0.0590 o.w7
2.413
oGs
0.0466
2.1G
o.Gs
0.0404
129
0.txs5
0.6s8
1.61
o.0508 o608
1.473
0.698 0.(Eco
12,15
oaro
o-ffi8
o_03r3
m
t0
3..tot
0.(F04 0.04/a
2.n
0.0G04 0.0507
tt
3.Ot{t 2W
'12
0.0544
2169
alal
0.0@
t3
2113
2.Nn1 0.t1686 0.0617
o 0566
ooe|8
la
2l(F
z*A
0.(Ea
o0603
15
1.6?9 2.mn
t6
1.661 2.41?3 0.0s8 0.0694
0.06e4 ot)d)6
17
1.473 29tgl
3.059| 0.06e6 o.odto
l8
l.g{5
3 2&|!l o:rob
0-06,12
m
oa
I
4.t91
2,274/. 0.o7sa 0.txi35
x.4
t0
3.,1O1 2,714 0.dts8 0.t504
0.nruo o,ud)7
t1
3.046 2.W
o07s o0624
3.ffi/
12
2.7dt
33446
0.0Jrs otF{
L1l3
!3
2.t6
3.54|5
ooTw 0.06
l4
0.|rn o.06an
t5
LPr
3.na
oItTo 0.0@a
t.6t
3.855
16
0-07e8 o07m
la
LAt;
41?2f
omt
a
3824
offfm
o.o712
m
{.orp5
o.m7
o.e7rc
+67:2
3rI5.
8r
j 4.191
49m
0.@7
o078{
o0784
to
t.i.o4
4;08e1 o.tFfi'
OIHtr
1l
3.016
5,r690 0.09t
00624
5.S68
0.09
12
2.769
o.F7
o.Ea6
5J&F
t3
e413
0-0068
l4
2.16
5,5-4C 0.m7
,esq$..: .o'mr,,o04{
1 6 : : . ,'i,sl
.
:o.inij
uoei, ,
8:l1l&::
t E . . : t,.5
no8,
o ttaat
n
oa&
?-G65
7.O9lO
0. s7 o.ffil
to
3.iF{
38.1
o. 07 otoB
l2
2.768 apn
0. ct
0.10e4
t4
2t6
9.0174
: sI.l&:
:ot197, di0e0
1 6 r , t-c6t
s o , g . , , l t t r , , r:3;8$ i l5;BFF 0.1596, ol{98'
t2
2ts
t0,09 :o.'ld$- t1&2
gl,,4
t3
ziltg
la6@0 0.1ffi
ntd
O l/adl
t4
2im
o.1781
to
3.,(){
25.aal6 o1*t
8.5
12.,. 27d,
a.tr9! o'!r2!,:
.
'
.
.'2.im
,a.
.:fitrts': oI8&:r
t4:
::l.iF4
atol7a' 'ozDa, o2tfi
to:
76,2
o.2$4 o.uo
12
2.Eg
NA47
o,ral
la
2tm
{ls7
o.N

,ry!81

t., ::.:.|..

3qH
titsrd
&rb
P6r l,
Ld|otll

o.rF7
o.o80

o&
0.180
o.155
otr?l
o.44{l

0.a5r
o&
o2to

T'ft

r.o.

4.Cl
sgt
5,+r
5.54
7.Otl
f .7s
&to
aal
g.ilo

1021
toe
! t2a

'to34
't1.6
tl,@
12,2
rL67
t2.c,
t3.ix)
14.74

124\'
l&
1.112

1224

oi@
0,636
0.546
o aoc
1.5O
1.44
l pt
1.',l79
r-046
0.glo
0.&t8
0.754
0.64,1
oi5-/
2.19
t.u7
t.6g0
1.5,15
| 368
t21t
1.0d'
0.96t

o.74r
3tf4
2.ffi
236d
2.158
l-gr0
1-746
1W
..1,4
, ogLt'
oGin
2-912
2.112
tarl
l.&.
: gqq,
EN
e660
, E3t1

5.(X7
.4.14S..
:' 3;id! ,:
.6; 3
5.0t6
3'asrl

s.dion Rd|r c|{

llodtu Wl

||xn

olg4
0.ml
0.716
0.63,t
0.5r9
0.524
0.{9
030!
o s2a

0.sso
0.0s1
o.7n

llcrl|dt
dlndia

14.1(l

r2.s5
13.61
11.2.
t4&'
t5,39
16,76
16,10
16.56
1'f 2:7
15.42
16.13
16.
1?-,10
1&Ot
1A57
$.4.
1928
1e7{
?{l]'5
17.4.
1&59

0.(|0011
0.@42
0.0(B7
n drl?
0.(P9,
o.@t
o01sl
o 0158
otFr4
0.074e
o6&)
O0,m
0,25i19
0.473
o22rF
0.m{)
otdtS
ot7{a
o154{r
ot374
ot t65
05xa
05{r/8
o,r828
o.t454
0.10t9
{I3701
o315lt
o8163
0zlEg
0 2sl
0.91SS

os6a
oal58
0.7&.
o6@6
o61d)
0.57@
0.52t8
0./t5il7
s 3113
l,glt6
f.it588
'1.3611

0,0t61
ofla0
o{}t 16
0.(}1(l2
o.(t&
o.o475
o0{to
o Gpa
0.t4{t9
0.rl*i
0.8t8
ofia7

o.48
o.grse

ow

0,556

uzrft
02196

otso
ot72t
o tl|!t

c-

2.@
2.1b7
2.1100
2.106

2P
t.o6a
3,ln
,.r75

l,l0

3.SO
1.5t4
4.168
t2f,
4.7ltf
4.A16
4.W
5.trtg
5.0@
6.118
5-19
5250
5elo
5.6@
a?58
5.839
5.944
e85

o5d]7
050{il
olt61
04670
o42S
03e00 au4
o3&zz . 0.tm
c3327 a2n
o.2111 6.3Gr
02136 A.,Ug
o&n8
6.741

o.Tru os6
o7358
od,'35
0.6129
o.5622.
0.5113
o't670
0.4@
0 000(
1M
t.t47,{
1-O17
1,0078
qet60

Cdldsnr

8.9{9

zci6
7.150

84
gl

tm
186

zx)

250
65

a5A

3(p
345
384
42
447
412
5(b
5it4
662
44
114
516
572
@
670
ml
731
aall

gnz
735
7e7
85

7ffit
7.4n
7.36
7.&
7.549

s/{
1012
1050
i t0'l
I ta?

7.64t]
7.8@

819

sn

1053
1115
1r90
t26a
t3t6
0.0410
ts{l)
or/41
't/tE|
0.6s(B
o5t6'l
1577
14,14
3.nx6
.&67
'.4,s,
l541l
3r&55
'24.C4
ri58
3.086
t80
25.S
zffil7
t9a2
2.6m
1.6S0 r{r2la
8.21
2.41O
t,5l?6 10.4(b m4{t
2A.A
n.53
2'!080
1o506 .?t{3
!,t66! 'ilo$q
rPd.16 1773 l;11?s
'24?n
:
,10.78,:
offsl
i.3e@
8S:28
.l i',AT
o 6azl 'to 9't/t
2*F
*.97
1Z&7
2764
5.di58
2955
3129
2tE7
a2-56
4.eQ.
2518 12.AtO
12.78
96
3.4751
2txrl8
80.88
Ba flt
3_1{rt
XD
t-051s :i2_s0t
:++78 19qs4 5J5Al :.13.$q ry18,
5?90
12j/x74 {:r50b l7{h0
$a'
,|5.S'
17-t30
5g73
10.7d18 1Bn
tdl
t? z|l
6t3.|
t6_54
0.5tilr
gs7
9. t680
4m
a6.@
8.1@2
.94$, 24-4,#2
7,68Ct ,,a,19e-.,918S
.a8.fi :, 1di78
a{B& .:gl.?l3 j 0gr
,
tg,ao
51i57it6
?51Eo l tlm{"
1t.3t5E 25,s75 14t17
m.86
$.fl00
t t.i4
t6'lll
tastt
7t_s
3t.8fi]3
rs.80
ts-86
10.57
21.t8
21.71
D'10
2'91
,1e

1.Zffg
1.t665
1.od'l

8.062
8.171
o,Fqq : 8.268
O7,t56 a3s
o666 8418
oer4l
4.555
o!|()44
a.6n
I.3IF2
9.7
4205
9.5,
t.st52
io.ir4
'tolfii
r.&6

ry

OT
t.o.
1269
1.2t4
f.i B
I trat
1.354
ttg)
1.176
r-1ct

1.35'l
1214
|.rdi
Li:s

so Cm.
0.r258
0.1019
0.8452
o o?al

03s'9
02414
0.1968
0.lsr".

0572!
o.8n
0329?
o2877
t_t4ta

1- 4i '
lJit
1N
l2m|

a
e
o
o

r.0ts4
0.9s,

tm

1.!06
1.155
t.126
t556
1.471
1.410
1.3i!
1&
1.h,
12r'.
1_1t
r.1{
i
t.1'.
!

'f.44
t3i'.
13t(,
1277
1.&
1.197 :
r.rzr i
1.153 |
r.126 |
I O&t

Mtal

t.agl
t.366
t3t6
'1279

0.4F5
0.7365
0.6&15
0.5f4c
o4966

1.6'lt0
1.5355
1.41?3
12581
1.lW
0tcrt
0.SCr2
0.8129
0.6964
05087

{t
I

d5Et5

1N
1.138
1.18
t.149
1.100
I O75

z7c5
235,1
z t{tg
15477
1.7419
l;6419.
t.*r4a
1M
0.9{t9
o Gtitg

r.49r
!35s
12t3
l"2s
't11
t.t79
r,lse
t.i16
r.o!5

39qp
3.e56
3.qP3
2.7M
2'3'2f,
22ffi
!-s61! '
!{oJi ,
t.ts5

t o5g
t21a
t.170
1.124

o 8645

t.os

a
o
a
o

2i1?j,
t.806/
t.dm
t.5G2
t.3356
1.1742
r.oels
0J613
O.8r9l

o
a
D

o
)

3.7Ut7
t.o7t0
23g5
r,l&l

l:;'
tt',,
;,' .,. ,,

1,I.s6: , 4.674B. , . t
1.1b.
{.t806
t.106
a.87lo
t rlgt
7B
r.t20 6.MI
t,036
5&7

t,(''t ,
l:086

llrrE

't oSdl

. a tl6fl1

:il'

. ,,:,:

tiTrril
6.8ES
{ lxEl
'

; , ", , '

::;l

: ' , , , t : ,' ' l ; ,

o
o

a
a
('

o
l,,.,

:,':

t'

(l
www.tema.o|g
',',,,,

g-24
l,':,.

: , : :i : ,

: : ' :, , i , ] ' , , t

I
(}

vo

GENENAL
il{FORTIATIOT{

I
I

TABLED
HArDiltl3! qoilYERstol{ tA3ft

sEcTKltg

a?tloxt{ArE rllaltot|
urwEEl{ ya ou' ltlloN!, TES NG
tYsttft lxo tEt{s|lt flma{GfH oi c^raofi a D ruoy ,rEG]s

o
a
o

iocr|ysll

ItASDt{Egs tft,}''ts

D-scolc.
t@-&.

a,

L.d
lcor;

Dto.o!d
D'ro-d
Bad!Xlrb.t

l!

$coL.
ISI{Lood"
Etrp*6cicl
EroL

Sctnollar&lbtr

Ld.

*.d
l-gL
F

I
I

a
I

3S3

5:T

360
350

50
a8
o

I
)

e
I

l . . : , ,: , ;

t,-1

(D

4t5
a4o
,t25
{lo
c)6

6t
s
58
56
5a

rrz

6
{5
ltt
12
4l

{)

28{
T16
,69
261
3

3
38

217
AL
Ai
?,t7
212

35
3a
4
3l

NZ
&,
tg7
lS2
'lg l I
.
ItB
!?9
l?l
lm
166

30
3)

:n
:'6

]HII
ls9
156
lttt
Ia9

,,

t:'ri,i .,,''

l a6
l.{:l
lr0

lsr
tta

; l .''; .t

t3t
128

lr .

,:,., :,;

'1.
.1.,':
,,."

x)
a
a
/1

25
6
B
'25
A
a
a
p

:a
:2t
,21
a
fr

7a
't:zt,'.
'"I ,
:?o
50

ct
!::,r;,jt.,

r i 't i . : : . , , : 1 , :
:,'.: . ,1,:t

a
66
65
6A

xn

I
I

55it
s39
516
as6
.1.

lea
319
|
3r9
I
$t

T'
TI
75
71

|
|

6e?

6aO
gl9

lI s e

t
I

tl
AI
aa
8l

|
l6n
I
lan
I
I
|
I
|
i
|
I
|
I
|
|
I
I
|

t
o
t

b.o
r05

ztl
I
lF,
I

o*"11*o"n
Yfr"tt,o* -,1:rr,
r,,,,r.f,,,,.u,f,,,t'

sEcnoN9

rl
o
o
a
a

INFORMATIOH
GENERAL
TABLED.9
(P6D
PRESSURES
NTERilALWORKI}|G
STBESS
OFAII-oWABTE
VALUE8
OFTT'8ESATVAR|OI'T}
Co& Alosltle

Tubc
GrSc
BVC

Tube

o-D.

halct

2,0m

27
26
24

It4

26S
905
374
'|34
49e
5./o
&lo
716

a
n
21
20
19
18

24

E8

28
317
356
.t0g
492
583
706
801
907
t075

n
21
I
19
t8
l7
16
t5
14
2.

1E

N
296
360
425
511
58{'
650
765
$6
1056

m
l9
t8
l7
16
15
t4
13
ta

b
u
.M
19
' 9g4
18
tl00
17
16
45S
.15,
:.,s 7 .
. , 1 4 : ,,;ri,S0.4
13
w2
12
810
11
907
' .:.
: 16 ,.,,ims,

5/8

$rsrl (PSD

10,000

4,0@

6,000

8,000

10,m0

12,0@

14,0@

10.0@

5S9
611
757
8@
984
1140
t?61
1552
1050

8
916
1136
13(}1
1478
1711
1891

1079
1U.
t5t4
rng

1818

u2,

str2

316
3719

46{8

3783
4658
5578

4414
5434
6508

el58
2114
3029
3478
3936
4563
5045
6210
7.138

ua

2608
2952

1888
2t3{'
2660
30t{l
g44A

1349
1s28
1B!ts
2173
2&
28tt2
3153
s881

&2

?38
954

1?31
1588
1831

14Tl
1905
2198

1725

rsm

wt

?ot7

am

24@
29l8
3qs0
4D24
4536
53i9

*3?
3502

&1
zgx)
3?27
3gxi
4669
5648
4S9
7258
8606

?216
2859

1172
1483
1801
21?s
e557
ml
3254

14D7
177F
2161
ffiz
3068

635
73?
806
984
lldl
1412
1609
1814
et51

,160
5ffi

850

1W
1160
1301
153l
1n2
2112
,169

F9 ,.
6@
801
eo7
1915 ,
:1188,I
1384
1621
1814
,n 7 i ,,:

n8

lose
1210
14re
1751
2118
2414
27?2

w7
7@
88S
10o
1?76
1594
1711
1952
47
26SS
3168

1$8

u1
aa.

0&l
1270
146s
1613
r968
&
?f/24
3219
36a9
rlix'3

sa
1186
1440
1701
2045
?3,21
260i1

3062
358!
4?24

117?
701t
938
'
14?9''
852
:r136: ' ,,
' ' ' 1672'
''
r338
1ocl
16Gl
2004
1&2
t815
m
1361
1522
2030. ,,,4F,7,
:
. : 2g:i1.
:
1,783, . , 1 2 f f i :,t
27fs 9,$0
an6
3242
40s|
243,.
rl5{t6
272.
364)
: , :4Ii .& 1,,:,slZSl I
t, 3t05
':
;,,'

1&Xt
?2'71

rtzit5
&A
5444

64Ar

w
390s
45gt

537|
6g17
1'loz
t704 :
N7
z,t6
272.

ffi4
2,,24
a4
4095
4S42
5634
6351
7530

.|876

1641
&76
2521

?372
2881

8n

w2
4091
&2
3&7
6125
71@
8.149

36S0
&?
'1556
5359
6?'13
7393

1876
272,.
2676':

1641
19e8

we

2S06
sl76
994s, . 3 q $ .
9S0,,. 't:,4160
, l,
484s
4103
9674
4SA[
6ds1
5444 ',.'7.48.
oa!9,,, :,

w7

zlfi
w7
3913
48
51El
5675
@07
8368

i:

i: ::t'i

ii, lt,i

$'26

,,,.

''.

o
I

a
o

w7

w7
363r
4/,28
5?53
&lrl
724/
8166
s682
2110
2669
32i11
3848
/to!l
5?g')
5858
6891
8066
9505

2110
2556
'3otl

2W.
3176
3663
]l0g4
M
5838
7@
80t9
m73

1oro

o
o
o

2345

ae6
3602
4?53

5114
580S
6509
7556
8962
1066a

{t

2S45
M
3345
t{t09
45{l
5075.,

3608
gdn
tl0g
.40@
.19P
s43 :
4.!il'1. i53{9
@1
5697
w
8107
7296
e$5
9073
7N
8166
w1 ::t',;:9oic' ,: 1(851 . , , : , . . . : , , ,' .1,

: , 1: '

.,.

..

''r,,I ,:

i,,

2690
366
9786
4547
M
tiD4
6S6
?el

.'.::::'::,
.l,ll,l,

20,0@

,i r'l',:

:II

::.:.:

:'

.::,

.; I
::: I

'

: :,
::

'

:
:

,,'

,.-.,

',

:1::

a
t
o
o
o
t

t
a
a
c

e
o

(D

o
t

o
a

GENERALINFORilANON

sEcTroftg

TABTED (conunuod)
NTERilAturontsilc PFEssuREg
(PS)
OFTUEES
ATVARIOUT}
VALUES
OFfi,rOWABt"E
STRESS

a
t
t

a
o
o
o
a
I

t
I

a
o
o
a

a
a
I

o
c
o

a
t
o

o
t

t
I
.l'

:a ,:"1..
:,: '-.::.

: :

: i

::: I

" . .:

':,'

,,, ,

:;,

'

'
,,; r.. i:1t,1,
';.'11,

,:t:.:t :,' , l:

::

i;i ': ,,:l

t::

-::i
l: ,,i'.u,

;,." '+i ;...i -..i :...;;.:i:...1;;.:' l

.li. -.: ..;''1,:i-i,

o
a

(D

a
o
o

, . , , t ,j
.:1:,j i:

. , . , . ;: i . ,
::::: :: :i :,:

www.tema-otg
::. ,i ,,'
:::,:,l :,

:::r ' :::r:li:

i
r:j ,,' ::::t' Ui

a, ,;t1,tt',' ,t'..,

@Tubular
Excfianger
llanufacturers
Assoclation,
Inc.

*27
:.:

r : i i : : :. : : : : ,

o
I

sEcnoN9

IT{FORilANOil
GENERAL
TABLED-9(contlnusd)
(PSo
PBESSURES
nnERNAL
WORKIITG
OFTUBES ATVARK}USVAU'ES OF AI.I.OWABI-ESTRESS

T[bc
o.D.
ttcis

Tlbc
clgc
awG

1-114

1-1t2

2,0@

4,000

6.@O

't14

34tl
485
6l
724
84r
gfl

t8
16
15
14
13
12
11
't0

161
217
241
280

I
343
4q4
{83
561

3n

u7

374
415
,t6g

749
s31

s23

590
650

1046
1180
1301

14
12
11
10
8

14
12
ll

10

2-112

CodcA[owrblc Strcss(PSD

s3s

1124
1247
14o7
1569
1771
1952

n1
308
u1

@4
95
1{t25

344
424
42

8,(xto
450

&7
86rg
966
11?2.
1&
1.ttB
1663
1876
M2

m1
26q3

10,000

1?,000

14,000

16,000

18,0@

20.000

s72
809
106
1?s7
1&.
1618
't874

&7
971
1S@
1440
16{X}
1942
44
24{E
?a11
3138
att2
3905

801
1133
1519
1690
'|963
5
?6'24
2911
32&l
3662
41e2
4556

916
12S5

1Gt1
1.156
195:|
2173
2524
29t3
3374
3743

llt6
1618

13&
't851

1621
2160
?,'cl
2693

2079
,4,15
2515
2951
3a54

11tr
t 285
14I.7

926
1&
1367
15@
1713
192S

I t57
15i
1?(F
19a4

2142
2412

2051
2309
25?O
2@4

243
314
353

683
756
e19
s43
1059

686
911
10@
1192
1258
1414

858
1139
t2m
t416
1573
1766

1030
1367
1512
1699
1887
2119

1595
176/.
1982
?2.02
2473

136
180

,|o9
*2

ffi2
903
1l2o

sl8
1084
1344

954
1264
1568

lo0

679
898
1 t1 1

17r
n7
252

14
12
10

u4

14
12
10

'|13
149
185

339
/Kg

42
598
741

78
926

2999
337l

1ml

r 736
1932

4m

555tt

24',t5
2805
3&
cr$
4159
/90
5231
5901|
65tB

r852
2&
2735
3078
34.27
3859

2084

2315

*n

ffi
3418
3{148
4M
t&4

1373
1A23
2016

1545

244
2589
2999

w7
3752
4185
472
5207

m
2517
2826

1?e1
4708
5313

3076
3463
3856
4342

2051
2268
2548
2831
3179

1717
AE
w1
ffil
31,16
3533

1@1
1445
1752

1n7
'1626

1364
1807

2016

n&

905
1197
1482

'|018
1347
'r667

31
14S6
1862

a
a
o
o
a
o
o
a
I

o
,

I
I

o
I
o
)

o
o
o

o
a
o
o

o
a
a

a
a
a
o

928

@TubularEr<changrllanufuctursrsAssociatlon,Inc.
a.

:::.

o
tlrrw.tolneorg

o
)

o
t
t
t

GENERALII{FORMATION

SECTFI9

TABLED.lO

o
,

o
a
I

o
a
a

o
a
t

l.

a
a

IL
l.Y
lo
It

lx

lo

IO

ta

l(o
4,
l-g

o
o

E
P

u.
E

a
o
o
o

9,
c:
f

o
It

., :,
E . , : : . ':
T'

8,
d.'

o
o
e
a
o
o
o

, ':,

5
6

::: :

::r

@TubuhrExc|rangrllanufecturcrs Association,Inc,

gZ9

r:l

o
sEcTtoN9

lt'IFORilAnON
GENEHAL

TABLED-10(continued)

o
o
a
o
o
o
)

a
O

t
t

(n
J

E
ut

=
a

:l

o
tr
cc
ut
tlz
o
z

o
o
o
o

ll-

o
F

F
U'

-)
u.l

Lt;

o
o

f.J

t'

tt '

.','..1

,:

f
O:

, O

: . :. :: : : : .: : : .

'

::

']:1:t,:::

1'']:

;:i.:t, i: :i::i iir'

$.30

@Tubular Erchanget ilanufactureflB Assoclation, Inc.

l ; ' ' : : r' ' : : : : , : ' r ' i : ' :l

wlvw.tefm.orf,

o
o

a'
a
o
t
o
o
o
o
o
o
O

o
)

GENERAL
IIIFORilANON

o
o
o

sEcTtoltg

TABLED-10(continuod)

o
I

o
o
a
a
o
fi

o
I

a
a

a
o
t
o
o

o
o
o

o
o

',,, t

t,, t,'
,';-

, ,
,: ,,

,,

';::',"

, ' , , , , ', , , . , :

a
o
I

:'t.
,,

1.,

6
.c
'
6
E',:
o
c
o

.i,,tr'l

..,.

.' :G
? l. . r : . ' : : .: :. , . . . .
r:: .:.r:l
j
o
.:..

..,..::.,:,,

o'
ts

o
e
o
o
o
a

www.lema.otg

@TubuhrErcfiangcrllsnufactulerc Associntion,Inc.

9$l

sEcTloNI

o
o
o
a
o
a
o

GENERALII.IFORIIANON
TABLED.11
OFTHERMALEXPANSION
MEANCOEFFICIENTS

a
t

o
o
o

a
a

o
o
o
o
O

a
o
o

a
o

.1,,'',;, ,,,i,

22Cr5 i-3Mo-t{

:',.'' .1t,,::,
,:,',.,

..a:t,,,
:', ' ;, ,,:,.1

a
r , 1 ' , . ; ., ,1' ,, .

To convertlo metic (Sl units),multiplytablevalueby 1.8to convertto mm/mmfC

''
; :..
$32
'' ]''':
: l :: ,

i , , l ,. , ' , ,
ri.r,

ururw.tema-oll

Association, Inc.

@TubulatExcfranger tenufacturr.

::
,

,::

.:::

r:rl:r

i:

::

::

,'.

.,

.,:,

'i;rr:,::'rr'
.

li

o
I

o
o
o

a
)

GENERAL
INFORMANON

o
a
o
o

sEcnoilg

TABLED-l1 (conffnued)
MEANCOEFFICIENTS
OFTHERITIAL
EXPANSION

o
o
a
a
o
a
o

70

r00
150
200
250
300
350
400

o
I

9.2
9.2

10.0

9.3

750
800

1 0 .0
1 0 .1

9.3
)./

850
900
950
101
1050
1100
1150

10.2
10.2

9.4
9.5
9.6
f.6

1 0 .3
10.3
1 0 .4
10.4
10.5
,t0.6

9.7
9.7
9.8
.9.
9.9
9.9
1 0 .0

1 0 .6

10.7

'to.7
r10.t

1450

1 0 .8

1500

10.8

1550
.ldD,

, ..:l ,
| ,,:' ..

8.9
9.0
9.1
9 .1

650
700

1350
1400

8.6
8.7
8.8

9.8
9.8
9.9

1300

9.1
9.2

o7

1200
1250

8.4

9.6

550
600

o
o
o
o
o

8.8
8.9

9.4
9.5

450
500

o
o

Grouo3 GrouD4
S. Sleb s.6r
8.5
8.2
8.6
8.2

ffi,

N02200 N04400
N02201 N$lt()s fit06002 Nm007 N06022 Mt6080
(Nickd) (Monell (AllovXl (AflovG4) (AlovG22l lAllovG-30)
6.6
7.7
7.3
7.4
6.9
6:l
6.8
7.8
7.4
7.4
6.9
6.8
7.O
7.9
7.4
7.5
6.9
7.0
7.2
8.1
7.5
7.5
6.9
7.1
7.4
8.2
7.6
7.5
6.9
7.3
7.5
8.3
7.6
7.6
6.9
7.4
t.b
8.4
7.7
7.6
6.9
7.6
7.7
8.5
7.7
7.7
6.9
7.7
7.8
7.9
8i

8.1

8.2
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.4

9.0
9.0

8.5

9.0

8.5
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.7,
8.8
8.8
8.9

9^0
9.1

8;9 1 ',

1 0 .1
10.2

...1:..,

::r :'-:rj', ,1,'

8.6
8.7
9.7
8.8
8.8
8.9
8.9
8.9

o1

9.1

6A
7.1
7.4
7.7
7.8

8.0

7.8
7.9
7.9

7.7
7.8
7.8
7.9

6.9
7.O

7.8

8. 1

79

7.0
7.0

7S

8.0
8.1

8.0

82
83
8.i

7.1

8.1
8.2

7.2
7.3

8.3

7.3
7.4
7.5

8.1
8.2
8.3
8.3
8.4

8.5
8.6
8.6
8.7

8.4
Aq

8.6
4.7
8.8

8.8

9.2
9^i

8.5

9.3
9.4

t.6
8.7
':.

8.8
9.9

9.0

9.3

9.0
9.2

7.8
7.9

8.4
85
8.6
8.7
8.7
8.8
8.9

8.9

8.8

9.1

7.6

8.0
8.1
8.2
8.2
8.3
8.4

8.0
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4

8.9

9.2
9.2
9.2
;: 9;3'
9.3
9.3

6. 1
6.4

9..|

8.9

s.9

8.4
8.4

8.5
4.5
8.6
a7

8.7
8.8
8.9
8.9

9.0
.ctt

9.2
9.2
9.3
o,

9.4

95

a
a
o

o
o
I

i.

,,

: : , : .:r: . l

':1

,,' .,: ,, ,,,.[

, ' , , , ,,",., .,'

r: ,; ,,:

!l

t .',tr

;.r.,
,, :,

, ' ' : ' , :' , r r i ' ,

::,:,

.
.
...
Grouog: AusFni& StainlessSteels
.: l
.
' ,t8Cr-i0fr-li
lo (316,3l6U 1llol{l{i (304,304H,3titt}
rgQ-iSili_zst
F:r;gZrrl
0O{-rA
16Cr-12t{i-2il
lo-il (316il) lSCr-8i-r (3041{,3&Llrll
l8cr-trffi (3{t5t
rgs-gfi{o{r GF10)
16Cr-12i-21lg@Hl
r8cf_13ili_3tio(317,317q 21cr-11fli-{r(Hsr

id;ffi*

tia,;,
:,:,'l.i.' .li ,,, i;' ;,:1,:.,rili
.];..

o
o
o
o
o
o

wu,w.toma.org

@TubularExchangorllanufacturcrsAssociation,Inc.

9:,

sEcTtoN
I

o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

GENERAL
II'IFORUATION

TABLED"t1 (conunucd)
MEANCOEFFICIENTS
OFTHERMAL
E$ANSION
VALUESHOWNIN-TABLE
lS THEMEANCOEFFICTENT
OFTHEHMA:^
FRoM70OFTo THETEMPERATURE
INDICATE-D
fi iO * il. ..
N0218
ulov71t

07/50
,lloyX7

ill
7"
7
7
7

.Q
.6
.7

1_

7,

7^,
7-,

o
a
o
a
o
o
a
.l
ol
ol
rl

. : ; l. ': : . . . . i,

To convertto metric(Slunits),muftiply
tablevalueby 1.8to convertto mm/mmfC

rl

.l

ol

ol
ol

:l

'::,,
'.ji'jlr:!
l:',,i,,:
.
: i r : i ' i l : l , ,1 : . '

:,, ,.
,,,;,.1,j,.:::i

r:,

,,

", 1..1,,1, ;:

.r:

,,.:,.,,"r.i',i'.'

: ,,

' . t ' . ; .. ;, .: . , l .
,r,,,,, , , ; ,

il':,,

,,,

,'

',,

,''

@TubularExc;hanger
llrnuiacfillqt

$34
il

. , , ., . .

:l
:l

Associstlon,Inc.
.

,.,r,.,

il

'o
o

GENERALINFORilANON

lo

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o

sEcTtoflg

TABLED-11(con0nued)
MEANCOEFFICTENTS
OFTHERMAL
F(PANSION

o
o
o
o
o
o
Ol

o
o ,.',i '

o : :: :
o ":' :
o
O ;_,,,
,,'

o
O

o
o

''"1 t':
; 1.,

o';.

. l

o
O

o
o
o
o

.i;,',,

mVttirgly
tatfg,yalueby.'t,;B,to
oo{vert
..i
frnmirnmfS;;, ;11:,,
",, .,

l'l

j:::i' i'l',::r ,rira:

r:

:::::

,,: .t ',lo.,','i

',,:'".11:

.,ti

]::'

]]:'

r: i:: r:itr::.

j;

!:

:j:!

lr ,i; i;r1i.,.1.

.t' ' i'

l',
;

i:

. '
..

"

rdurw.tema.otg
a'i li ;:,'ir,:''r.

l :. 1::: .:::
1:: ::::
. 1 , :i : .
. .
:i r 1r t : :

@TubularExchangerllanufacturersAssociallon,Inc.
.:

9-35
: 1. 4. .

..

: , r r: , :

"j';

::::.

i: : : : .

l ri : : . : rl

sEcnoN9

a
o
o
o

GENERALINFORIIATION

TABLED"Il (conllnued)

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o

MEANCOEFFTCIENTS
OFTHERMALEANSION

o
o

To converlto metric(Slunits),multiplytablevalueby 1.9to convedto mm/mmfO

j'

s'36

1,,,

l:,

',

.'

'

www.tema.ory

@TubularExchengorllanufacfutrcAssoclatlon,Inc.
::: .:

:4. :r1:: : :. :

'

ll

::.::::

.l

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

GENERALII{FORilANON

sEcTt(tlt9

TABID-it {contlnusd)
MEANCOEFFICIENTS
OFTHERMALEPANSION

tl ut!4sli
Fbte,value,bl',til.to tomm/rnrnPc
,ful-tiply
.,".,,,:,,;,,,.: ,,; ,,
T..T,l

':;
. : : a : : :' : : : ) ' : : ,
.:
: . : : : : . : : ; . : : : : . .i . : !

' .' .:, ,, .::, ,...: .t,,...

. : . : . r : t r : : r : : t, r r . :
::t ::i:; :t:j::.:: i,:' : i:

:]]:::]:'

',

.:.|'

:]]:

:]:]'

i:a ::i',:.rtit
r. ,t i:,:
.L]:1:':: :]:]

::::

'.''..
a
1::

r'
:ll:r

::r.

:'

:,1:
:;;t: :,..
:t:::

:::

:l.trr:
i::' . ;:: .:ii: ,, :
r:r rr'
i ::: : .' :l

@TubularErchangerllanufuctfE A$ociation, Ina

f.it7
: ' : : l : : , 1 : : ' 1 i : : ' :

e
sEcTrot{

GENERALINFORTTIATION

TABLED.12
OFMETALS
THERMALCONDUCTNTTY
OFTHERMALCONDUCTIVIW
COEFFICIENT
VALUESHOWNIN TABLEIS THENOMINAL
(Btuihr-tL"D
INOICATED
ATTHETEMPERATURE
GrcuoI
Grcuo E
HighAlloy
LowA[oy
Stels
Stoels
Steels Grqto F
GrouoH
17cr-4fli-lC{
Chrome
Grouo C
GroupD 5Cr-11Mo LowAloy 12Crl2Cr-1A High
St6ls t E/4, EIi 2ll,
tou A$oy LowA0oy5Cr-r,tffo"Si Stds t3crl3ct-4t{
(toE00"D
27Ct
5cr-ltMo-Ii 9C1-lMo 15Cr17C1
Steels
Steels
11.6
10.0
15.9
12.8
14.2
21.0
n.7
10.1
11.6
13.1
14.2
16.2
21.0
et.6
10.3
11.7
14.3
13.6
23.5
21.2
16.7
10.6
11.7
17.1
14.0
14.3
21.3
n.5
r0.s
11.9
14.4
14.4
21.4
17.5
8.4
112
1.8
14.7
14.4
17.8
zJ.4
21.5
11.5
11.9
14.4
21.5
18.0
15.0
n.3
11.7
1.9
18.2
15.2
14.5
4 .1
21.5
12.0
12.0
15.4
18.4
14.5
23.0
21.5
12.3
12.0
18,5
15.6
14.5
2-7
21.4
12.1
125
18.5
15.8
14.6
2'5
21.3
't2.2
'r4.6
12.8
18.5
15.9
21.1
n.2
12.2
13.0
14.6
18.5
16.0
20.9
21.9
3.1
12.3
16.0
14.6
n.7
18.5
13.3
12.3
18.4
16.1
14.6
21.3
20.5
12.4
13.4
16.1
14.7
18.3
21.O
20.2
13.6
12.5
16.1
14.7
18.2
20.6
20.0
,20.3
13.7
12.6
14.7
19.7
18.1
16.1
12.6
13.8
17.9
16.1
14.7
19.4
20.0
12.7
13.9
14.7
17.8
16.1
19.7
19.1
14.0
12.8
16.0
14.7
18.8
17.6
19.4
14.0
12.9
14.7
18.5
17.4
16.0
1 9 .1
13.0
14.1
15.9
14.8
17.2
18.7
18.3
14.3
13.1
17.O
15.8
14.8
18.0
18.3
13.2
14.4
14.8
16.8
15.7
t7 .7
17.7
13.4
145
16.5
r5.6
14.8
16.6 ,
7.3
14.7
13.5
;.7
16.2
15.4
14.8
16.3
14.9
13.7
14.8
15.8
15.3
15.3
15.6
15.2
13.8
15.4
15.6
15.1
14.8
1 5 .1
' '14.0', :: 15-5
r l : 1 5 .1 ..
14.9.
14.

Group B
Cafton
GrouoA
Cafton St els Steels
(V
(t{oSpocmed
MgorSi)
orSi)
34.9
27.3
27.6
34.7
27.8
u.2
27.8
33.7
27.6
33.0

70

100
150

200

%o

, 300
350
/t00

rts0

32.3

7.3

3 1 .6

26.9

30.9
30.1

26.5

8.4

25.1
25.7

550

aJ.7

8.3

600
650

28.0
27.3
26.6

24.9
24.5
t4'.1

26.0
8.3

23.7
23.2
2..8
2.3

700 ,
750
800
850

24.6

23.8

s00
950

T3.1

r000

2.4

21.7
2't.'l

21.6

20.5

20.9
20.1

1 9 .8
19.0
18.3
17.6
16.9

1050
1100
1150

1200
1250
','. ,1300
1350
1400

19.4

r8.6
7.2

6.2
1 5 .7

1450

16.5
16.0

,t5(n

1' -

15.2

t
I

Also:

16ct-l, FCu
1C.r16Mo:Si
., ,
:{4|ili-}tf,u:ltlo, '

)ini
j:,

,,t ,,

ll :'l

:;

,,

ufoup |i: LrrrvA|ay 0lrr'

ltCFrAMo-V
C-tlMo
96Cr-9(t{i-Cu-Al
&cFlt i-l+Mo
lya0t-'h$o
l0r-ltMo
2cFl61t'lo
l%CrbMo.li
fih-l6Mo-%t{i
l{n:ltMo-Y4fll
16Ni-16Cr-ydtlo-V rAl{i.rAMb-V

.GitnMo.' :
lrcr-ltMo
1Ct-tgMo
ll4cr-rAtt'o{;u
it{n:14lilcrrl
'Mri-V:rr' : I
,Alfi-thuo-tA
Cr-V
tlo
lYrNi-lGt-ltl

%lrli-llMo4t-V
3$l'li-1%cr-1$,lo-v

Trltli-lMo-y.Cl
4 i-11rcr1tM0-v

@TubutarExcfiangerllanufacturorsAssoclatlon,Inc.

9,38
:l.'.

' "'
';'

t', : ::::

2VrCt-1Mo
,l%fti:%c!:,ylMg
2!{1!ltCql4Mo:V.,
5Cr-Vriio

'..:

,1.,,,',

l'

.,

1 .

'

'l'

::

"

gcr-l4ltlo-lii
1Cr1Mn-14
0
lltCt-ltMo-Si

ll{.i.thCt-th o

www.tsma.org

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

GENERAL
INFORTIATION

TABLEI!.12 (confinued)
THERMAL
CONOUCNUryOFMETALS
VAL
,.iJFr

GatrpJ

pn

o
o
o
o
o
o

Stssls I|

7n
100

Is0
2@

?F9_
!-oa,
-35.9_

rt(!0
,150

T--

T-I

Tqrrrx fiisrt I
TEMPEHATUREHict,
Alloy fligh Ailoy fq"na
Af,oy

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
a
a
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

sEcTtoitg

qa

5s0
600
650
700
750

8.6

-_- gqs
950

10oo

8.2
8.3

8.7

9.0
9.3
__-9-.6
__9.8_
*1"9J__
lo.A

8.6
8.8
9 .1

11.1

1.6
11.8
12.0
12.5

1?.7
12.9
8.1

1150

1200
12
1300
1350

1400
1450

,l

1500
t
t:tl

'

'

9.3

8.2
8.5

r0.9

12.3

11.2

9.3
9.6
9.9
10.1
]Q.4
10.7

1 3 .4

$.q,

12.5
12.7

I ;.t :, .,r;, i;.t,.,,

. , i l : ' . , :,

13.0
13.2
13.5
14.0

15.5

Grouq L
18&-t8M-251
22fr-filt{i-5[n
20Cr-ZzNl-7.$tto

3l l-3lFF2gcr-mo

..,,,i i:,1,
.,r,1;,ti.'ii;,t

l6Cr-12t{i-21
18CF13i-31
?3s1112flJi
r*ffe-25t{i.tl

i-:::;.--iT(o c\onvertto mfic (Sl

(Sf(units),muNpty@

8.6

9.1.
9.3

9.4

9.6

.-s:.-

9,:p

fi5

10.2

't0,,,2

10.1
10.3
.!0.6

11 . 1
11.5

10.8

,-::.:_
11.0

!-r,g

11

12'S

1ZJ-.

jq-6- l---..,.-

*t-9-.7-

r, j, r=..,;ii::i ld0iilit2l4
",..
8000f)r: ::

8.8

8.8

16.6
16.4
16.2
15.9
15:6

l8cdN!--S
(orse). ,: :
't
?fcFl2ilf
:
,
18cr1{{i
..,'... .l l. .,: i5Cr5Ni-N-Ce
23Cr4Ni.lio"Ql

T---

17.2
17.2
17.3
17.3
17.1
17.2
17.2
17.1
17.O
16.8
.|6.7

11.9

12.2

QrouoJ
t sft.flI4tr-ilo (to300.0 , , . . ,
.

,ru/r tr-II- rf

9.8

-raa17,1

9.1

13.2

14.0

1F*5._

12.5
12.8

1 3 .8
14.1
, 14.3
1 4 .5
14.7

T-I

16.7
16.9

8.8

13.8
1 4 :0 .
14.5
1 .7
, 1 4 ; 9.
'
1 :; .1
15.3

14.9
15.3
15.7
16.0
16.3

8.0

1 0 .5
10.7
1 0 .9
1 1. 2
11.4
l t.6
11.9
12.1

18CF8 i

t ., t ' .

14.1

11.1

7.4
7.7

9.5
9.8

rTcr-nsril&m|rq
,'i.

6.4

a.q
6.9

Lq_
-,1_3-.{
11_@.". 19-9. 13.0

lE

t 1 7 - 1 9 G s32900 532950 p-ilCltot

$els | rcr-vmo I rrp aqor |I 7 M b J
I 7 MoolusI xu-ar

Jl"

1q._q 10,.q
U,-q 10.2

800
850

I
Steels I

I Eu

...

;,,,," ,-

:t'

'a

::

:,:

li :'

:,.
'll'

'

.u..;,
1' ,; ,t,

,l

';':

,'

irouoK Stairrle-ssSreek

ot4q{!,
;i .',;lryFA.' ,...I...;:2e
.3Mo
.llGW

4ust.

l8cr.lOiti-ct
2rCr-U i-tt

!;,,..

l8q-ttr{
Z0Fff-iilo.tt

w*b
I :",tr:?5cl:',2o,li
,. :.. :,: .
r

rl: l''

|
I

I
. :..' . l.:

r
sEcnoN9

GENERALINFORMATION

TABII I}'12 (contlnucd)

OFMETALS
THERMAL
CONDUCTIVIW
THERMALCONDUCTIVITY
VALUESHOWNIN TABLEIS THE NOMINALCOEFFICIENTOF
AT THETEMPERATUHEINDICATED(Btu/hr-ft''D

79

100
:

150

200

iso
300
350
il00

450

500
550
650

700
750
, 800
850
900

1m0
1050
1100
115
1200

1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
,.., 1500,

+40

N06007
N04,f00
N02m0 M)2201 t\@1405 N06002 i4FFFM
Cu)
NO6022
Sea-Cure 6rickd) tt wc-tlidc0 (lli40l
5.6
9.4
12.6
5.2
5.8
5.8
9.6
12.9
5.5
6.0
6.0
10.0
13.4
5.9
6.2
6.4
6.3
6.4
13.9
12.5
10.3
N:I
6.7
6.7
4
1
.8
1
4
5
6.6
1 0 .6
38.0
7.0
7.O
40.7
15.0
6.9
1 0 .9
37.2
7.4
15.6
7.3
7.2
39.5
11.3
36.3
7.8
16.1
7.6
7.4
11.6
35.5
38.2
8.1
16.6
7.9
7.7
12.0
37.0
34.8
8.5
4.2
7.9
17.0
12.3
34.1
35.9
8.8
17.5
8.5
8.2
35.0
12.8
3:1.3
9.1
17.9
8.8
8.4
9.2
12.9
32.s
1 3 .3
13.7

31.8
3 1 .7

32.2
32.5
32.8
33.1
33.4
33.8

&3.7
33.3
3!i.1
33.0

33.1
33.3
33.6
34.0
34.4
34.9

35.{

18.4
18.9
19.3
19.9
N.4

20.9
21.5
2'O

9.1
9.4

9.7
10.1
10.4
10.7
11.0
114
11.7

12.0
12.3

35.7
36.1
36.4
36.7 , :

12.6
12g
13.2

37.0
37.4
37.8

13.8
14.2
14.6

8.6

8.9
9.2
9.4
9.7
9.9

10.2
10.5
10.7
10.9

9.4
9.7
10.1
10.4
10.7
11.0
11.4
11.7

N06030
5.9
6.1
6.5
6.S
7.3

N060,1{i
75

I- t)

8-0
8.4
4.7
9.1
9.5
8.8

10.2

t 2.o

10.5
10.8
11.1
11.4
11.6
I1.9
12.1
'12.2

12.3

12.4

1t
11.2

oc.

@TubularExchangerMenufacturerAssociatlon,Inc.

wwrv.tfita.org

o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
O

o
o
o
o
o
a

o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
O

o
o
o
o

o
a
o
o
a

GENERAL
INFORilANON
TABLEIt-12(continued)
THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY
OFMETALS
'* 111
TABLEtSTHENOMINA

o
o
a
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
a
a
a
a
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

SECTKX{9

AT THE TEMPFFATI IFItr INNINATETT /EI'..AT! OF\

|rryr ra-rtrl

TEMPEMTUBE
(0f1
70
6.0
100
150

n
250
300
350

oIJ(,

650

6.3
6.6
6.9

5.4
5.6
5.9

5.9

7.2

6.2

'l

Jl

6.9

8.2

7.i
7.5

8.5
8-7

7.9
8.2

9,0
9.3
9.5
9.U

10.3
950

11 0 0
1150

1 0 .6
.t0.8
11.1
11.4
1.7

rarc

12
1300
1350
1 4 0 0 ' r. :
1450

1s{to
To conrcrtto rnetic (S

wruw.tdna.org

o.o

1.1

750
8(

1000
1050

c)

5.8

7W

900

230

3.2

400
450
500
550

l;,tetrrl;
6.2
6.5
6.8
7.1
7.4
7.7
8.0

8.2

10.3

7.5
7.7
7.9

9.2
9.5

9.3
Y.O

11.6
11.8
12.1
12.4
12.6
12.9
13.2
13.1
13.7
14.0
14.9
14.6
14.9
15.2
15.5
l5:8

12.0

12.5
127

13.0

13.s
,;13.6:
1 3 .9
14.2

6.0

7.0
7.2

r13

10.5
10.8
11.1
1.5
1.8
12.1

5.8

9.8
10.1

9_1

9.9

5.7
6.3
6.5
6.7

9.9

10.2

cbl

9.3
9.6

8.5
8.8

lA n

T=..-

treert I
I (ili4r-llc

|
| {i[-Cr-Fel I
8.6
8.7
8.9
9.1

10.6
10.8
11.1

10.2
10.5
1 0 .8
11 . '
'11.4
1 1 .7

Tl-

4.2
8.4
8.7

8.9
9.1
9.4
9.6

9.8
10.1
10.3
10.5

10.8
11.0
11.3
11.5
11.8
12.0

I N()rns r{0rl50 lt(IIEo

I N066s0
| {ili-cr-Fe}
6.8

cb)
6.4

?Fc-li-m

6.9
7.O

I lr^-adirrr

7.0
7.3
7.6

6.6

7.9

9.2

7.7

?,q

zr

8.5
8.8
9.1
9.4
9.7
10.0

7.9

8.0
8.2

8.3
8.6

8.4

8.8
9.1
9.4

10.3
10.6
10.9
1 1. 2
11.5
I 1-8
12.2
12.5
13.1
13.4
1:17

14.0
14.3
14.6

6.8
7.1

8.2
8.5

15.5

@lubufalExchangertanufacturerr Association,Inc.

72
7.4
7.8

63
72
75

a.o

9.0

8.6
8.8

93
9.6
9.9

9.1
9.3
9.5

9.?
10.0

10.1
10.4

9.8

10.5
10.8

8.8

10.7
11.0
11.2
11 . 5

10.0
10.2
10.5
10.7
10.9

l02

11.0
11.3
11.6
11 . 9

11.r
12.0
12.3
12.6
12-A
13.1
133
l3:6
l3l

12.6

{mri-rtcrlF{.f?

14.1

. . . *t
,,1

._

sEcTloN9

GENERALINFORMANON

TABLED-12(continued)
OFMETALS
THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY

hb8800
IrtO8801

rs8810 M)8825

70
100

N08{}{|O hr08s11(ili+e4Ftio- Nlm01

({i- o}
cul
N08031 0{i-FeCr-Sil fli-FsAl
7 .1
6.7
6.7
6.1
6.8
7.3
6.9

150

7.2

t-c

7.1

200

t,)

7.8

7.4
7.7

7.1

250

7.7
7.9

300
350
400

8.1

8.2

8.0
9.3
8.5

7.6
7.9
8.1

450

500

8.7
9.0

lmo

9.3
9.6
9.8
1 0 .1
10.4
1 0 .6
1 0 .9
1 1 .2
11.5
11.8
12.O

1050

12.3

53t

600
550

700
750

800
850

900
95t

12,6
1150

1200
1250
1300
' '1350
1400
lzl5o
::i ]' '. ;11500 i

$42

8.5
8.8
9 .1
9.4
9.7
10.0
10.3
10.6
10.9
1 1 .2
11.5
11 . 8
12.1
12.4
12.7
1 3 .0
1 3 .3
'|3.5
1 3 .8

7.3

6.2

6.2

6.4
6.5
6.7
6.8
7.O

b.5

6.8
7.O

7.2
7.4
7.6
7.9
8.1
8.3

8.8

8.4

7.2

9.1

8.6

7.4

s.3

8.9
9.1

7.5

93

8.0
8.2

8.5

8.4
8.7

9.0

9.0
9.3

9.5
9.8
10.1
10.4
10.7
11
11.4
1.7
12.1

9.6
9.8
1 0 .1
1 0 .3
10.6
1 0 .8
11.1

1t.3
11.6
1 1. 8
12.1
12.4
12.7
1 3 .0

133

9.6
9.8
10.0

10.2
10.4
10.7
10.9

7.7

9.7

10.0
10.4

11.4
11.6

1.8
12.1
,12.4

10.7
11.1

s.7

s.2

12.5

Nl0242
(65ili-25M0-N10276
0CF2Fs) (1{i-Mo.cd ffi0m
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.5
5.9
6.2
6-8
6.7
7.O
7.O
6.4
72
6.7
7.2
7.5
7.0
7.4
7.7
7.2
7.6
7.5
7.8
8.0
8.2
7.8
8.0
8.5
8.1
s.2
8.8
8.4
8.4
9.0
8.7
4.7
9.3
8.9
8.9
9.5
9.2
9.1
9.8
9.3
10.1
9.8
9.5
10.3
10.1
9.7
10:6
10.4
9.9
10:8
10.7
10.1
1
11.0
10.3
1 1. 3
11.3
10.5
11,6
1r.5
10.8
1t.9
11.8
11.3
12.1
12.1
12.O
12.4

'121

ts.6

12.7

t2.s

139

t3.o

13.3

2.9
't32

14.2

13.3
18.6 ,

13.7

13.4

:14,2 :

i,.,13,7

@TubularExchangerilanufrcturcrs Assocl.tion, Inc.

wurw.tffieotg

o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o

o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
a
a
o
o

GE]{ERAIINFORilATIOI{

sEcTt{tilg

TABLED-tZ(confnuod)
THERMALCONDUCTIVITY
OFMETALS

o
o
o
o
o

o
o

o
o
a
o
o
o
o
a
o
a
o
a

t,,l
,l

:.t ,:,

io,convattoi

o
a
o
o
o
o
a

,:.,,
i:
'.:,.

' .,,,
..lr:

'

ro
o
o

::,,.,...r.rr,:,
;ii:::
]:

. .::

: : :,:,,,,,

.:.

:'
::. r:

.'',, I r r:

i::.':::

:l. ::.r:i'r'

::::. ::

:: j:...::;.

: t : :. . ,i

: :: :.

i.

. ...

,:, ;:: rirr: ,::r :

i: .:.1
:.:: :.:. . ':1.::: :. t::
. . : : : j : : : : . : : : : : ' . : ]

.t

.r :: ir ': r . ::: _ .r j:t::.

;
i : t: r.i::r I t::.
l.

,'.,,t:.

: :::.:.] :':

ww,tema.ofg
. . :. l l l

, , ' i ,i : ' ' .

@TubularExchangerilenufactulers Assoclation,Inc.

9-/33
:lr

:::::, :.:::,,:j .::ji.

,::

I :.i r:: . i .r.i ::: r: r:

sEcTloN9

INFORilANOil
GENERAL
TABLElt-l 2 (contlnuod)
OFMETALS
THERMALCONDUCTIVITY

TEMPERATURE

eF)

Naval
Brass

Munlz

70
100
150

2@
250
300
350

400
450

71.0

70.0

71.O

72.5
75.O
77.O
79.0
81.5
84.0
86.5
89.0

72.5
71.O
75.5

77.0
78.5

c71500

90-10Cu-lli 70-30C&fli Fe44W A03560 491060 491100 A92014

94.0
92.0
1it5.2 1s3.1 899
133.7 1 3 1. 8
90.9
94.5
92.9
1 3 1 . 7 130.0 923
96.0
9.2
s5.4
130.1 128.5 s.6
18.0
97.3
30.0
g7
128.7
1Zf.3
18.5
98.2
96.4
30.5
s7.4
\n.5
126.2 95.7
1S .0
.9
31.0
126.5 125.3 96.6
20.0
99.8
98.2
32.5
125.6
124.5
97.4
21.O
100.4
98.9
34.0
22.0
35.5

z3.o

80.0

37.0

8 1 .5

39.5

24.O

8E'.0

&0
44.5

25.0
26.0

750

/t8.0

27.O
28.5

800

49.0

30.0

850
900
950

50.0

31.5
33.0
35.0

500
550

600

1000

51.0

52.0
53.0

37.0

.Toconvertto mebic(Sl units),multidytablevalueby 1.73forW/m'C

o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
a
a
o
o
o
o
a
O

to metric(Slunits),multiplytablevalueby 1.73forWm
To convert

'C

O
::

':

@TubularExchanger llanufaclurere Aseoclalion, Inc.

$44

, i , ],

..

, .,.

wwry.temaorg

o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o

o
o
o
o
a

GENERALINFORilANON
TABLED.13

nictorl
FcEe

bctc.

a
a
o
o
o
o
a

a
o
o
a
a
a
o
o
o
a
o

'flfJs

hdcr

Poodr

0.ra'
0.250
9375
9.t00
9.6alt
0.79
0.875

o.x

6r
6.tzt
6.250
6.975
6.500
6.825
6.750
6475
2.6
218
435
.
251 l
2.73
2.git
3.13
. , , 3 . 3 {. : r

7.0@
7-1?5

7.&
I 7.375
7.5@
7.525

7.7s
. 7-8-/s
::.

Pca3

tooo
t0.tzt

8&.

8-r
8.7!
0.05

t0.250
10.373
to.ffi
t0.62s
t0.750
t0t75

9.41
9.tl
t0.t5
r0.53
t0.01
It.gr
1t.71
1a11
tas:l
12.95
13.39
;, ,, t3ll
:: :

(l) l4&Qhlr e'. baord on low crbon s!.d with . dro3fy ot 018116
b,Hr

1t.000
11.18

r r.e50
t 1.375,
I I -500
I r.625
t t.760
tt375 ' l
:':
.;
r.

I ; 1 1' ; ' . 1 '

:t - i.

re.ot
tl''

te@
1Z16
l2.gn
1a$E
1e500
12fi5
12nr0
rlgrlt

AT
xfl
Sagt
t-t

rrzt
s'

tt.of
18.56
19.06
t0.58
?0.10
?o.El
21.17
2r:12

trl.m
t4.125

?2.27
?2.d3
4.6
23.9,8
2{5rl
25.15

l{.8

1437s

46.34

t4500
t4.6Ai
14.7s
14.975

26.9s
?7.37
?8.t9
28.82
2p.46
30.10
-30.76
3t.41

t5.@
15.125
t 5.250
1s.g75
15.500
15.625
1s.750
'15..875

a.7a

Foroth.r rn t ltr rnltpg

'

so.ta
50.9e
51.80
,' t265
8.5'l
5438
56.25
5-|i|

by tp blo'f,irE terio5|r

;;,,1,,ti
AUlt 30 Scrilr Srsulr ...**..'*
AlurhuBrwc

llrha
h-

h.i.r

17fl

9.000

'!Err

Dirru

t.[48
t{t0
|a18
rEq!
taoe
tG57
t7.05

o.El
o.8
03tt
o.a2
0.60
o.9
0.68

3.000
3.125
sffi
3:379
3-5m
3.625
3.760
3875- :

., ..l

b.tcr

rL625
4.750
18't3

em

*#tr
I[i&s.

a.t6
1B
a3?5
4.5A

216
?ffi
23'/.5
egDeSzt
e7!0
2.875: :

Diq;lr

4.qp

l.oo
t.t e5
1.n
t3E
i"5oo
t.Ezrt
l.?tro
1375

Itirucr

Itl&ar

o.Gt
o.125
0.250
o.E!
o.50o
o.&5
0.750
o75

a
a
o
o
o
o
o
a
a
a
a
o
o
o
o
o

*#J"

Dha

wErcHTs
oFDtscs(t)

1.0[

r.0t
tfrl
t09
t.t3
t.12

',1i1;;,,,i,

'
.i 'l i i :. , , .
:

:. 1,,, j,,,:l::: .

, tr,:; l,t

:r1' .,

;:l:
: :

:.,"
,,,,;,

ll.

::i:.: i. i::rr..
'|': .
:: ,: ..,: |
a;.

!r!::rjjiii:.:rr.r;!.,.r..

::, : ' .

: . r: : : : : :: ' . : :

: l l , : : ] ' : . . . : : : : :

t , . ,,.

.:.,!,

: . 1; '

'
,,,
:,t

ww.tema.otg
':r rl ':'

,, ...,.

,...:'
.i,,',]
,,;:i

i,

;,.
::

't ',

.-' ,, .,1

:.i: :. ::

@TubularExchangerllanufacturcrl Aasoclatlon,hc.

i:;

:!

$45
r,i i.j'ti.:;,:,.r
r j:.:.
'|
lir

r:: :. :::

I :rr

::

sEcTtoN9

o
o
a
a
a
o

GENERAL INFORIIATIOI{
TABLEt)-13(continuo'd)
WEIGHTSOFDISCS
Ilcf, ol
lhic.tacrr

Dirm

WdrbrF
I!.h d
Tbi&crr

Food.

hctlr

Pooldr

Wcislt F

Dirsr

b.t .

16.00
talet
16rt0
t63?!
tgto
fit 6iI'
t6.7!0
t8.87!t

57.O2
6t&
68t l
5e.?3
60.6,1
6tJ6
il/o
3./+3

2l.odt
2t.t:xt
2r.n
er37lt
450
2t.dE
?i'y,
er37t

zw

fl.4,
l73?'5
t75@
173?5
17.7!O
t7.87!i

&37
6g3il
8.8
6721
6821
6e.r9
?0.18
71.17

l&(xrt
t8.t25
L.&
t8"975
l8-go
t8.625
t8.750
t8.875

7Zl7
7't.r7
7a.t9
73.21
76,,
n.27
7N3r
79.3!i

affi
&tE
a.xt
23.375
23.500

19.0@
t9.l2s
t0:50
10375
19.5e
l9.8et
r9.750
10.875

80.41
ar17
845{
89.6t
8,1.7b
Ei.?9
86t8
87f)
:'
89.10
90.2t
9134

24.OOO
24-1?5
21.ffi
4.c75
21: n
a.aE
21.7&
21.a',ni

t7.@
r7.16

20.(m
20.125
a.&
: , , , : 2 0 . 3 f E , : .,
'"
:::' :1p.51P,.
:,
20.8C5
n.7g
. ?p.gl' r : .

:,,,.",

l .I

,fl{l
gl31 ;'
9t nt
95-E
e.1.06

al6
2m
AEE
zl5fit
AEiE
2a7t0
ztSE

a.w

a.lfi
4.EE

25.0@

g.a

Dlaaa
I!.t

Wd$rF
6d
thicbco

Dinldcr

Por&

bd.t

Wclbpcr
b.l.a
l}i&or
Pod

99.'|('
l(xt.g8
10t.2
10e98
to+t0
1637
1659

2AmO
6.18
6.&
tartS
26.4tC
2845
2A7tl0
?'',gtt

t!b.57
|5a@
lSt d8
l$4.05
156.4i1
157.S
t$.s
t0r8

fi.mo
31.125
3r.8
3t.975
Er.5@
8t.66
3t.7lt0
8t a71t

2t4.05
2ts.Zt
2r7.92,
219r8
ztrFl
zaf,r
2at5g
z6'3l

t07tl
16.Gt
11027
1fl.5t
I ta?E
I r{.qz
115.8
lrg.55

zr.ffi
n.r8
n.8
273'ta
n,ffi
ns6
n.B
TA75

tslgt
|eltt
fin{t
l6a0a

3effi
gatet
*8
9t375
32500
ga6?5
3e7t0
8?J,75

8il

117.3
1t9.tl
l20.rlo
pl.m
t23.0t
124.&2
125.64
126.96

48.00
?a-i?s

t7a.E
1tar9
ln.re
tt9.3a
t&.
1e51

3&@0
$.lel
33.2s0
33.375
39.5@
$.645
33,7t0
33.875

?{e56
244.io
*6
21aj1
?{p.lr7
?51il
eal.n
255.0

12810
t?9.64
130.98
1ng
1$.ro
135.07

29.000
8.1?S
29.230
29.S75
29.500
2s.625
29.750
29.87s

34,@O
34,125
31.8
34.37E
9{.500
3{,025
91.lfi
gil.S7!

57,Q
2593C
?6t?,
26120
85.12
2e7.01
?f89.7
??erl

136.igl

137.E2,

139.21
alzt
1i(r.81
6&
l aaol
437A,;, ,;, . ,l$.42
;
' ,:e6fit'
:.: 11/,-|!!
25.68
l{6-a
25.?!0
147.8
4.876.
149.18

t8.45

t&t
171.52
t7107

A.glc'
?a'3'15
e8.500
4.ffi
28.750
8.AE

90.o0
30.123
30.230
3q375
, gt"s
30.64t
30.nto

., ,$,,!F

18.L11
185.71

r87.32
108.9i1
190.57
t9e.a0
l9q8,t
t9t{8
t97.11
te8.80
a:

N.17

?ozll
20q82
. . 4 Q F . 5, ,1: :
: , !za7.g0 ,.' '
20e90
210.61
2lagll

s5.000
35.t?5
35.250
3s.37t
gtiSOO'"]'
95.8?t

35.tEo
35,87s

a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

ag
23138
zR.a
a2
cr,t8
agt
2to'7t

a
I

o
o
o
o
o
a
o

'
a2'i2r431
zft17
'
,: f,!8fi
&?t
28ate "
n4J6f

a
o
o
o

,44 .,

, . , . , 1, , , . t : , ; O

. ,,,.,,,
I

':':'':
: rl

:,

l : . n , l . :. : : , i

o
O

I
a
,, .!,,,,',..,

:,.a:
: : r ,.,::,:'.1
: : : :,t'.'
:':l

o
o
o

o
o
o

GENERAL
I]{FORMANON
TABLEII,t3 (confnued)

wEtcHrs
oFDtscs

o
I

o
o
a
O

o
a

H.Jr
ltich.rr

IXellr

a
o
o

a
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
a
o
o
a
a
o
o
a
a
o
a
o
o

sErcnoilg

e.0c

Foule

hrtcr

36.qp
38.125
$250
3837E
3Ct@
3S.6i5
t6.7!0
3Egr5

ust

4t.0@
41.t25
11.&
4r37t
a1.cx,
{t.625
4t.750
41.875

3.74.12
37t 71
sD.@
Sgtto
9E3tl
e85.ql
3A8-?5
900.58

42000

30491
s25
3S7.60
3S.98
&23P.
.|o1.00
&l.tI
lo9.4{i

z9o.0s
42.@
AAf,I

aatl
u.7r
sr2
@t7

37ffi
37.1A
97afo
37375
37.500
37.ffi
37.7&
47a75

304$r
30a00
309.06
3 tt.t4
3r3.8
91532
917!12
31e52

9em
38.t25
38.250
38.975
38.5@
38.6a5
38.750
38475

retal
sea?t
3Pn88
349.01
, s30.ts
$eeo
33a.a6
st6.62

s.o0o

33s.7r

3e.126
30.?50
3C375
39i00 r
30.62t
39.750
39A7s

- l

&.8
10375:rl,
4i500",,
.10'6?5
/O.750
rO.A75

-!.i

'

,::

j'

1'LN
1t975
44500
1Lffi
127lo
1Z8E
13.0@
/t&125
1'3.250
r|3.375
41500
43.625
43.750
.1S.875

'
356.38'
358.51
360.85

45lOO
45.t25
,ts.2t0

l :tglj,l0i;,t

ac.@
{6.1et
t|0-460

a7.m
17.rA

arioo
48.126
.18.250
40375
48JOO
rO.625
iA.75O
48-g75

h6..

ttra-

5t.(no
51.18

$ara

!''9t

5t2$
513lt0
5t.t00
5132rt
5t.71tt
51.tr5

4n.qt

*ttl
tTgt

*r.tr
s6
s.6l
$0

54q,0
sal?s
6L?5o
s2375
525@
54625
527gp
&875

i0'i,gl
457.A
499.91

17.8
47.375
47.500
{7.ffi
17.7fi
47.878

411.21
4t6.65
4t9.06
121.18
429.90
1?6.U

fbhc

471g|,
tltgS
478.a5
a?e.@
48t12
1,,/.zl
a86tt
e.lfit

rB^rnt
.|6"50
'66a5
4.7&
il6t7t

Er

Dier

IU&crr
Foa.L

h6cr

{tr14

1?,..n

*f,fJ3

Dluacr

00ass
50420
so7^88
5t0.!e
3t9.t0
5t 5.t7
91855
521.u

at?.*

60s.|e

m.

11.@
6133!
16.Gt
5re.tt
@73

s4000
53.t25
al.2s0
sit.3?5
53.5m
53.625
53.760 I
ir.87E I

s2aea
526.64
529.s5
$407

s49.73
sst.9{
954.r6

u7.'tt

'

azr8

,|4.Om
4.16
4.W
41375
4{.56
4.66
41.7&
.4 ,8 7 F.,

340.96
34g.ta
I 945.39

*o*
I Q.lE
:'i,.ri

Dirm

Wdjbpcr
bd of
lticb.rr
Pedr

:::.r'lits:iia,r;:l..,
*I.6t
3S.87

:'15'fi5,
45.S
45.0tt
att.750

+st2,
4:b.68
.136.14
rt38.60
,il.ll.0t
1t3.56
44{i.05
&.9

' ,Et.or
453.56
456.07
a5S'60_
r l:,
' ..,:f,
l: i:r
4 8 t . t g ," : : '
.[69.66
&-21

;,;,|.$;1!,,y,1
, :',',..*8fo,,'. , ,, 191ft ,,:]

49.000
4S.125
49.250
i|e.375
;49.500
.00.64t
49.750
49.875

53,t80
st753
5/o27
54Aol

5.1.@O
61.18
t4.250
s.?z!i
'51.50

s48"5!l
55119

51.6?5
51.7s0
sa.875

sts.z
,

,5s4'o7

' 'sse.g
50,-1?5
5S.6{
60.250
554
:r,64975:, , .;{F$23
,li3O.5OO:,,.
.::,':'*'O,
50.625
670.86
50.750
573.86

'*;
55.tztt
55.2s0
55325
55to{t
55.8e5
55.750

' ,9'T''lot, :r'] ..''':,sfl..,r,.l

'e5.67
e,r-qt
Ell.5e
34.56
@.53
5{O.52
543.51
6{8_50

6a9.5t
552.5e
63153
658.56

t6ri
66tl.Gt
657.67
670.7t

'rn-zg'
676.85
6l9]&l
r'68.6',;'
,iliii'.i'i:
fl.10
6&.29
.s39

"

', '',i,:

:,.,,,::,.,,

:t tt :

i,,..:,.: lflr"ma*

OTubuhrExchangerllanutecurcrs Assoclation,Inc.
9{,
1'i.1..1,.l1;lr::.:.r.l'u.:'.f.;|..],:]::.i-::1I;l].'.;;i..'.i.;....,.1.l.i;]:.'.';.:.i..:l

sEcTloN9

o
o
a

GEI{ERALINFORIIATION
TABLEt)-13 (contlnued)
WEIGHTS
OFDISCS

Di|q.trf

Wdfht grt
bA ol
Ibi6!tt

Diaecr

bd!.

Eonldt

Ilrt r

56.00
56.rat
66t50
56.3t!t
56500
66ta5
56.8O
8A.875

808.sr
?!1.63
?!4.?t
?!7.00
71r.U
714.10
717.3/

61.000
61.t25
6t250
5t375
st.t@
6r.6a5
0t.Eo
51.87E

57.O0
6LT?'
6t.8t
57.S75
57.S0
57fa'
67.7rr0
gfa75

723.68
726.a(r
7:t0.04
7?g.a
73ei(|
7P.6.1
7l2;l'i5
7{F.Of

eo00
6at2t
52.50
6a3nt
64500

5&G'
6&t29
59:50
!8.375
585$
58.62rt
58.750
58375

7&.4
75453
736.V
759.01
76227
765.5it
788.80
TnLOf

s.oF
G9.t26
63.250
63.g75
69.500
63.62tt
e8.750
$.r|5

uo.sl

v3.E5
59.@
Tn-64
st 125
741.9'l
60250
n{j.21
, 59.975
788.55
. I 69.5d
q,,EI'
mt.g7
795.t9
s.750
798.54
69175
' '
go.oo '
801.86
803-A
60.125
s.56
El.zfl!
,;,,,,803?F.,',, r:r91131
:, .,.;gO50O
r.', ,:i''NttlF
8148r
60.6e1
8zaql
60.750
&25.12
60.875

'ii'li

:; ;
i.l ; i . i t : ,; ,: "i t ,t,;;','"

64645
6a750
62$/5

wd|bFf
h.i of
lLirbcrr
Parodr

Wcigh gcr
ltichrrr
Inchcr

hdr

828.81
Ela2l
03!162
8q9.ql
04Zil5
8a6t3
a|g.:It
gia70

e6.([t
86.1e3
66250
66.375
68.300
66.8ilr

970.25
973.C|

71.000
7t.r25
71.4
71.375
71.900
71.M
7t.750
7t.ct6

l t2aEil
r t26.7t
ItnJ6
I lg.Lz
fi38.m
I t{c.dl
! tra6.6't
||s037

958.21
89e.8
s53.t3
&t6.80
s70.gl
8t:156

gTIm
6t,16
6I,fl
67375
6t.ffi
61ffi
gt.7&
6t.a:t5

z.qp
TZ&
7'2375
71tffi
7!2.8?S
7tL7&
n)875

tfir,5r
I ltg6e
5a7t
116474
fl?uz
117{3r
fi7!to
11&31

73.S0
73,16
7360
73.37E
?3.500
74625
71750
73.875

tfflt.oa
ltsat2
I r90r0
lzdra
7?f,739
t2tt.4{l
leta@

7'Lo0o
7L1?5
71?fo
71975
7't50o
7l.W
74.7s
71.875

1?1C.n2
1Ug
1Zng7
7&tl
1zcs26
12{O4l
1245'7
121i,..77

cnE
8{t'*t

08tlx'
er78
&1.S
894.61
808.14
901.38

w.2,
908.78

64.m

slz34
9t5.91

erg.{8
0a3.06
92466
gb.2,l
ctg85

0s7.{6

sns2
0st3t
085.01
s88.71
$at[l

goat6
0e9.88
t0@.61
t007.gt
tolt.to
tota.Stt
1018.62
lMLg
r6.1ri

68.000
8.t25
88.?50
68.s75
6a!o
68.645
68.750
6&875

nu6

tc!!?50
104!34
1011tt5
101&S
1CfiL?9
1056.62
1060.46
't064.3t

69.000
69.tZt
6S.250
69.37n
69.500
50.623
e9.?t0
6S.875

1068.!6
1f,720,2
1075.89
10?!.76
r0$.64
1087.53

0{1.07
ru.iJm
e4'l.8e
70.125
948.32
m.&
, ; 981.$, ., , ,Dr3?5
',,
ilgaCt, :,
" m5@ l
anG
70.625
e6401
m.760
86858
70.875

',,'

a
o
o
o
I

o
o
I

o
o
o

lts.s

r25e9l
75.000
rziTp
7q125
tfrlf,
73,8
, 76 .75 , , rlTidT l
: .i : t?s.67 :
: 7a6OO'
76.52'
la7s88
7AE0
lz/a,q,
t2u3l
75,875

1091.42
1005.&
1000.4

l ro&!5
' 1t0t0Z .l
1111.@
ldf,l
fi1&S8

,, ,..t

lbi&ltt

Pdlndt

eanto
sg?5

"flftr

Dirrcer

Ilch of

hdcr

6.L12!t
5,t.250
64.37$
e45q,
6'L825
64.750
64.875
65.000
s0.145
Gtt.250
,:qq875
,' ,:,6 tl 0 q
5.94!
65.750
5t 975

'

Dba

,r

:.

.,llt

, r .l

:!l

.'',

, 1 , ' , : : : . ,: :' l . '

",:l

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
a

o
o
a

.: ::

::. : :' :

wwln.Bneorg

+48
.:

a
a
o
o
o
a
o
o

o
o
o
o
a
o

GENERAT
II{FORTANON

Diroacr
b

I
I

o
o
a
a

8t.o00
01.t25
at2f,,
8t375
81500
$.04t
8t.710
8t.07t

I
I

2,5@
v.6E
7l. n
v.gft

a
a

7r.60
n.ta
7t e50
78.375

o
o

795OO
?.62s

o
a

n.7s
t8.875

79"@
79.12s
nt.&
79375
79ioo
73.6e5
79.750
79.875

I O

ll--la"b--

7t,w
v,16
v.&
Tr.t7s

t
I

Poodr

7tm
?t t25
7A2A'
7t375
74500
7t 6a5
78.7E0
7t.07s

a
a
a
o
o
o

ffinll;

l,

80:0m,.:
80.t25
80.e50
60ln5
ooioo l
80.6Ai
80.750
80.875

,,
'';]: ]
, ' ' , , ,1 . . r ,

t3fala
t330.{9
136it.9a
r368.2t
t3t2:57
r37t.95
1SSl.33
1385.?2

846
e"lE

eaeso
8e375
se5@
8e623
&75I,
8Cr87E
89.0@
83.129
83.250
8337!i
83-5@
e9.8AS

8s.75o I
a1t75
|
I

t38olI
|
rs94.52

8{.000
84.t25

1398.93
l{@31

u.&

|
:

la9t:V

ra12.N
r416.6i1
142t.o8
, loagag ' ,
t429.99
t1134.45

r130.oE
'
: l1{i}a0 :
1{47n
1{5:!38
145638

84.375
84.5@
8i1.625
4.7$
8/t 975

TABLED-13(conftrucd)
IVEIGHTS
OFDfttCS
Wcfuhpct
h.h d
IUcfsr

bdd
fbiobr

Dh*r

EfJl
bcr

Ld:r

F6.b

b{..

*--&-

t,tl6l.O

aoo
s.tzt

r64730

6210

t6g0.'t
r661.71
t60J9
r6"/t.llt
t6l8:a
168r.o7

el.000
9l.rz5
el2$
9t-t{t
91.600
Et.6et
fi.7qt
elJt!

Laat
't.e.g
trj5

t{6ts
tam.{!
t474J6
14t1,o

s,trt
fiEoo

l.El.ql
t,40858
l.lS,13

R32t
s.tEO
6.'t!t

t$7.7!
lWU
t50t ea
1511,r13
1516.@
15@.61
1#2,
i

gfi,

6t,uE
cf.8
s7373

srum
c'.fi!
87.7A
87t75

rsa.at I
t53{J!t
lstp.07
tgil9.71
r$435
156490
r5s7.64
1562&
1566.e7

aoo
88.12t
8e60
8837lt
r 885@
08.Gas
88.7E0
88375

137t.65
t576.gl
158t.01

60"0a
89-123
8e250
89.376
S.-5Og
49.625
GI750
89.875

1S5.t2
15993'l
t604.56

,teoe.b',

05.t25
85.250
8537tt

r6t{.qt
r6tg.z
r623.52
l@.20
''rl$"oa"'

,,, ,,sm, I

w{hs

Ihe

PoG&

ss.ooo

,s55@,
85.623
8s.7!o ]

sGcnorg

,eoo00'l
90.t?5
$2CO

re.t7

le8nel
1690.70
rooc6l
r7u.,|8
im6.3l
1710'n
t715.to
t7lSte

e.zf,
0437t
tzfi
a6
giLTn
s2ff5

fia.E
fla.n
r?34,70
189.6a

go.u
s.12t
s50
s.g/5

lzltl.55
tZl0.,l8
175{^12
175036

eq62s
99750
90t75

t6it7.u
t61259

lElll
:lta

rr.a
[ir

9as0

uua

rit!P
tgret
ffiln
aFs
t$e|'
lE:9
EJ

rstl'
rst{
rgao{

1${t2a .
196aa5
l95tf7

93-50

rw.D

176,,3?
fl@-n

17ra.u
lZrE2l
178tt0
t7&.t8
17Ba.i8
r7ce.t8

*.0. f *l
2orisl

teor.rg
1@-A
1811.2.

:.9o+?5.. , .tfig,2s .:
: rr90
'''

rna

r-t3
|Ie.e

too: ' ''',.,:\ffi.A :'.'

'iadss ''
go.625"'
90.?E0
189{38
90r75

,, l**

.l

05.16 |
e5250 |
, 95-C/5
' 95.50q
t5.625
5750
95J75 l

zm.gr

20a2.rE
&o.u2

t
O

t.r,t,t.

:,'

O ':;.; :','
,i

:,,,

,,,,,

,,.,. ..t,

t.

rrii ir,ri:;

,.:.::-',1:
a .; .l
.-,,i'.rr,
,l;,,i..1::,

l;,

t
.', ..r:,.',',,

...lf

a
o;,,r ,l

a
a
o
o

t
,',.

'''
,t;,.1

'

..

''
'

.'::.'.:::'::

j : : l:: -:".ir' :; :r.i.]:l

wwur.tgma.org
l, 'f,t ,l.' ,,i1i,

9{0
:i:i'i:rr: ],:. ti;.^!i:a
:,: Li: ' :l j;r,:: ,lil:.

sEcnoil 9

o
o
a

GENEFALINFORilATION
TABLED-13(contlnued)
OFDISCS
YGIGHTS

Di.d.

hctur
06.@
04125
06.250
963t!
06.st

s.8a5
c8.?!0
06.87E
97.@
$1.16
oil.8
0737!J

.'07.s
e7.w
07.?!xt
97.8?5
'

98.@
98.125
98.ep
98375
98"50O

s.6zt
98.?50
98.875
90.@
99.125
90.250

9rr37!
s9,s4
99.6et
99.750
90.875

WiBhF
h.l of
lftirheu

Dhdc.

gcitbF
h ac
Thichar

Dirru

PoDdt

b6.r

Porndt

he

?sp:a
ztf,zl
2!+ttt

1tr.6at

27T.8
2'n1.9

8l7S
EJztt,|
m.E
&.15
an40t5
?3*5fr
a5l5N
2,E7,31

toTdxt
$f.la

e550'14
255e10
&o7
?569.04
?,ita6
58.@
zrE 0l
?fgr.d2

t'tz8t
ltzlat
lrz&
r12375

279a,0{
ffi8
w.t?

It2.5@

281t04
?'P5.31
283t.S
?srtffi

19.@
ld.125
t(B.29
10e3t!
1('.!00
rd].s25
t09.750
tql.87E

zbitoa
z,i,,.JN

104@
t.1?5
10AZt0
to8.:tt5

2g(p
zdt{.oa
26tO.O7
26lAiO
w.L
&8.18
&.21
2610.9t

&@
119.125
t 13.?50
| 13.375
I t4500
Ir16E
113.750
I t3.875

104.m
104.125
ru.8
10437t
to4.3dt
'10'164t

210p-11
2.ll'Lga
21?0,.71
2426.55
2{iru5
2a9et9
24/,|'@,
24'19.85

&4,

101.375
10l'qr
t0t.E}'
10t.780
t0t.!7t

?28fi

2GXL75
2ror.l8
210f.67
2 1 t1 .S
21r1.11
21?2;8,
21?,,.6
2139.?il

t0e@
1@.t25
1@8
't0437!
1045fi
1@6
1qe7r0
1048?:t

2130.t8
21.'|.,3!5
2150.fi
2lsr.5o
2t6t.of
2t6656
2172:d5

2t89.06
2t8858
2tgrl.l0
2190..6i1

101.750
l0rl17E

4r.e

un&

': 10036 r

w.'ls
':Wn

1q,.6et
16.760
100.87!

n4.97
2710.55
2756.71
e7tee4

un.n

"'lm.od
100.te
1d,:t0

:li iboso , .

ti l .6
Ifi.125
t11250
11137!t
t1t5@

tor.8

afi.vl
?216.27

, to5.o0 '
t05.let
16.250

2w,.6
w.g

:
:

hdct

za+l1
&s7
zfiB
atlt.7!

1OTffi

lo7s73
10?.!1D
fit.6
ro7.?!0
107t71

?,,74,52
N.A
eE6-Oa'
230rs
2n7.8
2@.$

loas
106.dli
10a750
104875
1.@
100.125

1002ct
1@.375
t8J00
1C.6et
1.750
1S375
tlq@
o.125
110.?50
110375
110.500
1t0.645
1t0.7ct
. 110.875

2.15670
2481.55
2{67r'D
., 2,177.8 . :
., 2{n 1a :: ,r

ffi&,.

toacat

a{8ae

z&a
w8

t0$.7t0
1053it5

2100.00
2tl06fit

26S5.14

2m1.n
z:Nt.11
,, r?!a!Q
. n19,m
42t35
zrgL@,
c,3e.10

1 .?!O
1fl.8?5

I t2.6et
ItaEo
112g16

o
o
o
o
a
a
o

mn&

t
I

mz7a

o
o

w.15

o
a

bo.rs

2bc6.r5
2863.06
2869.38
e875.?O
?8@.q|
2688.37

&1,i2
2BOl.07
?po7.4?
2913.79

It5-@
I t6.t2t
1t52!0
, 115315
:,

&5.72
&.13
29665+
8964'9e
,' a-71,10

I t53At
I tn750
11537E

2rs.1r

1t4.0o
t!4.1?5
111.&
I 14375
tl.l5o
1t4t4t
1t4.730
114175

.'lr550o

Wcijb gcr
hA o(
lli&Er!
?o!!dr

25@.S
25dt.60
2tlrlsl
w.L
2S.96

10t.0@
101.125

w.r:7

Di.rs

tadF
10at85
106.250
106.Ettt
10a5@
firatJcs
|oLtln
1G.875

?tr,7216

*l,L7B
e058.1t
ffi.17
2068.93
?o74.4
207059
ecl4.s
2gr.9t

an.s

WdrlrF

'hA.f
lLi&crr
Poedr

m.r

&ag
z$acr
2Cp32

,l.

'',

. 1, ' ,

an.a
t,8/,.n

o
o
a
o
o
a
o
a
o
O

29S.'a
.:, ',,'::it ,',',:

o
I

:,::'; ', 1; ,, ,,t.:;'

'
,,l"il :i:l; ';1t, '.,. ,, 1,:,;; ,
',1
..l :':,,..'':

,',':,t,,',:,, . ,, :

$,50

i,',1,,,,,',,''.,,',,:

, l

t , t ., , , , , ;

a
o
o
a
a
o
o
o
o
a
o
o

a
o
o

GENERAL
INFORIIATION

sEcTff[te

TABLEI}.T4
CHORDLENGT1IS
& AREASOFCIRCULARSEGMEIITS

o
I

A = AR&{
D = DIAMETER
h = HEIGHT
k = CHORD

o
a

A=CxDz
t c= 2 [ f t ( D - h ) ] r 2

Itlo I

hto

.uz)

.0ar1
.(,ti

| .o3

.a$
.0aa!
.oasl
.0as,
.0{63
-oat0
-0476

.uu
.otrt

t:::

t
I

I r/D

| .(n3
| .00.

Iot

o.tx0
.0a1,

lffi
I1 .8il
0r2

| .olei
| .ozo
I

| .o2tI
l.o?rl

l.:lI

a
o
o
o
a
a
o

.260l
.261|
.t2 |
.25r I

.1624
.l6llr
.1640,
.l6atl
. t6571

-?t!
.2L
.211
. zl a
.2tg

.2ClI
.266|
.26' I
.z5aI
.26eI

.r6cc{

.m

.212| .tr7t1
.nt I .t13?6

l3#|

ti
, t;":,;';,

.224
2t0
2U
23t
234

.l9l

.156l
.t5r!

.l ll3f
.|2ml
.12!5'
_ltts
.l?5n

.za

-lt6
.ttt
.tgs

.25l

.t5{

.2tl
. 2 ti
-zti
.a:

.225
.226

jlttol3
.ut03
.tl?,1
.o7tas
,0'3t6

nlo
c hlo
0.2s0
0.13r!
|
1 . 2 5 1 .l5a{
| .252 , t5g2

- t | 5 & .?55 .tltt

.l t66! .et6 .158?
.l ttal .251 .t516
.t t82t .25t .| 601'
.t tt0t .2S9 .!6131

| .016I
| .t2t I

trsrl -a. I arroiI tri

.0|6 | .olrrl J|t I r i e * ; ;aa6I
. 0 . 7l . 0 l l l . O t
.lM
.Lt
.043 | .0rtF2| .09a .0t!t8t .tat
.0., 0r{2s .oee .0t028 .lat

0.tI t8
.lt26
.ltt{r
.tt{2
.ut&

.a)
.20
-20
.201
.201

.24
./2a

|:8ilI
t$3|
l.0xl

, " 1; ; , , ::

r0
10.2(
| .?!I
.24
.213
.t)

. (

.0rt5

I'lii

I .oos

o
o

|Dto

lo.',
I .62

I
O

,*l

.ldr5t
.t5t4:
. !c03,
.ltor!

Htl

.17!09
-t ti

.27. .l?a55
I
.275
|
.zr5|
.211|
-na I

.2tt
I
.lro I
.2rrI
.2t2|
.?trI

,ol

.17551
.t76t{
.t'rr}3
.t?t23
.t19lz

.r8002
.tm92
. tt r82
.tt2r2
I t35?

trg
,36
271
218
ll9

.2a5 |
.286 |
7l'l
.?88|

r|!
2|l
u2l
!l

.19 | 18905|
.29t I r8e96|
.az I t9085|

Irt I
||6 I
r. I

.tn{
.tolta !{7 |
.l t02l r{, I
.ru02 t{9 |

*l

|lal2]
.r85rzl
.r86!31
t a729|

||6t.I
,l

.tetI r r l
29{
|
I

tglt' I
290 |

r9r I

''-::
t!?601
rgrml.d{5,
rttsl I ,3{6

195a2
| .3at
196!{| .3a8
.3a9

sflrrnl

hto

vo

hto

0.1r8rrlo.!r0| 0.a4 {0.{r! l.:trl hr.i

. t9! pl .rst I .zacrl .rr'r I .trog
.200|ol .JszI .?a&lt .aa
El l'rd ll a. rl | r l
.Ml r2l.3s3| -'|rl
rl -*trI t 6 l
.mtl
,2a81
al :ttd

{,tr

.20ac
.2055
.206{

.2.'1 Bl .o
.tt0t rl .{8
.2Jtatl .r0
-?526
.253!

.?lu
.2t?9
.ll3t
.2lt}'
.215'l

.25t3
.260t1
.frta
.2622
.&t21

.2qfi

l'-l
.'64 |

;l.t$
I ::3il#
sl
!l :$Hl

.zo1n

;l*il ll'$rl
fil
llii, ::l
il#
:ifrl
| ilil;iiiiilliifil
.;l
.att I

{
.u)73
.a.3 5l .alr
.2083
.t5lt5rl .tr
-?ftgz
.t551
.2I01
ll :l 'l
.2tt0 il,#
-,58',
|-?57a:,

"-l
il:3ffi1;l
il .ro{rl

Itrl
l';I :;l

.lr 55i
.2tta
.2tr5.i
.2l9tt
.72011

.25all
:2(tlr
.266tI
.?f'701
.2580t

-z2l3l

.26901
I ..25 l . 3 t r t 8 l
.269tt| . a 2 6
_409t
.n$2
I r20r5l

.nt22

li#I ."*ulfl
| .3tfl1

ti*l iEl
ltzI 32rerl

.t2rts

.2250!

.2rzat

.?zwx

.27Jt6
l.nzsrl
.n$3 l . r 3 r| .t3r2l ..u I
.?580l .{32 l . 3 a a 9.ar2
rl |
.n6tg l . a r t| .r2ssol

.2:24t1
-/n9z
.22163

.mn

|:lX
|

,sl

,arrt I .ara
.nnz I .a3S
.{5 |
.27960
| .rraI .3?ttrl ar5
.2t06,| .r3,I . r 2 s r l r ' ' l |
.2at6r .r38| .Jro6l .{ l t l

lfrl

l#l

.zfirr
.23169
.23263
.133S8
.23a53

arlg'l rra19| ..r lsl .{ t t t .

:'i
.:
23517
zr350l-{.(}
23642
2ras7l.tal I . 3 l 3 t .
tn?? | .$2 | ?r55a
I -112| .33ar3l.. ' 2 l .
mtzl l . 3 t 3 l . 465e1
.aa:, .s5acl . r l .
1'!A | -rga I ?!r501.ta{ | r6c8rl .
I
'.rri
ttlrrt I| ."' | ,
2rll, 1 . 3 9I r. 289{s .at6
. a93
uzt2 .3rt I tgo{tlI . L t I .!3l|01
.srol .att
!a307 .3! I 2ttarI .aaaI
t9t
taa0t
.ro I
o9
t0

| '*l ffl

1..,

""il

t r l o*l

ll,

I o",1.

:flg:l:

o ' '':-'i"":'

' ,:'

'

"':
::::'
"v,,,';;;

,1:::

1 :

..

:,.

...

I
a

o
O

o
a
o
o

,i:i, ,

::r:

,"l:"I
:i : . .,,,',l:l:,,.:,

www.tema.org

."':':'';i',r."., ,:r,"
1,,1,

@Tgb.ulal
ExchangerllanufacturersAssoclq$on,lnc.

g5r

'a: :;:.-., ;:
't: :. :r: :

:::
.:.

sEcTloNI

o
o

GEI{ERALINFORHANON

o
I
o
a

TABLED.l5
coilvERstolr FAcToRs
lElqIU
EL
2.W

IUL'IIPIY
lrshes
k|cho.
F.al
Feol
Y.rdr
I{.r

C||rdmfbIt

ft.4
tt.4
03{xa
0rlrta
t.ltlDa

trlfrmetarr
C|| lmabr|
fletara
hlt
Kldntllart

o
a
o
o

ANEA
N'LIIPLY
SrNss ht{r|et
S{[t!|! Fa.t
Sqr|]t Fa.r
Squala Incls

SL
ar!fi6
929.004
oJ9|m4
o.0006i1E16

|'ULN9LY
Cublc lncbs
CuUc F6sr
Cublc F.t
Gr{lonr (U. S. U.l:)
Gdlon. 0mp.)
Blrrll| (U.6.)
Odons (lJ. S, L4t

8Y
t63a7t6iI
o.oa&na
28316
3.76dt
{ltiaSatt
o.1569?tt
o.0o3r85

S$|a|t Ced|mo|.rr
SS|.r! ClrdBnefa
S$rIo l|sfar.
Sqsr.lfttrrt

VOLIJIE

TO OATA|N
Cublc Cadm.tor3
Cuih ht .r
Ut ra
Llter!
Utaas
Coblc loLr!
CuUc fa|.f!

o
o

Iass
BY
a,wt
{53592
o153592

TIULTIPLY
Ounces{AV.)
Po{nd6 (AV.l
Poundg(AY.)

to oBTAtil
Gr.tt!
Orarw
Kilo$r|t8

o
I
I

DE}ISITY

ET.
n.at

TO OBTAII{
GrffiE Par Cublc Conllmotor
Kllogram! Pr Cublc l|otof
GrlnE PaaLllor
Kll.ams Per lJLr

1aol84a
1401794
0.t 19&a

a
o

a
,

:,t I
;::l
I : :: ji r:::

Pourdr Per Foot-Houl

Poundr Ps Foot+lou?
' ::: .:: :: ,: ii':'::

:1, ::' I ; 1: ,. :ri',

TE||PENATURE

:i;' ,,:,'';"',
gfi;-l;. ,.'
:"*. ;#;*l. ,,, .:ii.',
1.8
IlMd.
D$ra Rr ln
Dsgr..r Falr.rfi{fr

', '::.'
: :|: :''

ry
oMfi by r.8
lrd
Ad /a59.G7

'

.,
.l

D.eru6 Ceittbrldo
DleraeE Kalvln
Doersgt KslYln
, ,' ; , . , : j , .
r i , : , ; 1 ' : , , ' ,: , I ; :
.
.

'

,":'

,,.;

. ; , , : ; ,: ,: .: :

o
a
o

a
a
a
o
t

a
"

'

t , : ; i , . :: : : ' : :
: , ' t : i r :r ,

,', : , i
:

@TubularExchangerlirnulac'lurcrs Associetion,Inc.

9,52
' ' , t : : , r ,: : ' '
:::

:: ::.:

l l, : ,,:l
tti

:"

lr

'

:".

l:l.

xrmv.iflEotg

o
o
o
o
I

a
o
o

GENERAL
INFORilANOiI

TABLEI!,15-{Gonrtnued)
co0tvEnstoltFACToRS

a
o

PRES6T'NE
5jLIPLY
Posn6 Pcr 8cullr
Foudr Plf Squo|t
Poqrxb Par sq|||t
Pounrlr P.r 8q|r||
Founab Pcr Squrra
lncher of tlg
.Po||nd! Prr srlrf,.

a
I

EI-

Inctl
Foot
Hl
ftrdl
lrcfr

lo oaTASl
Klogiln
Por Sq|flo|.ah-l
Klhgrn Por Squar Lrr
flarylon8 Per S$|rno L|I
ga|t
P||crb
l(f,ogrr!| Por Sqrj.**
Kl@tatlE

o.o7olxt?
4lEA
t.e(tc
ol'66ea
d!t+7c
otEaS:l
a.''/n

hcll

FL''U RATE

|n'LTPLY
Glllo|rs tr f,htur. {U. S. Ual
Pourdr Por llorr
Cublc Faot Par fllt|uie
Posnd! P.r fflnde

a
o
o

EIL
o.00063|n
0.0001260
trtrott
0llo?\m

fuUa ||dtt
P.rsseal
l(bg
|r Po. S...d
qbb Llo|: F.rflqr
l(lograms Per Sacod

SPEC|F|CvourE
gULIIPLY
Cubls Fret par pound
Gallons P.I pourd (U.S. Uq.)

BY
0fi12428
8.!l5/r

TOOtsIAlt{
CuUcl|ltof| Perfilhllr
Lliers P.r Kllogfl||l

CXERGY
& FOER

t
t
I

o
a
o
o
o
a

EL

r05g16
o5a0
0i0e52
t.33rE
olcll?

TO OBTAil
Joqlss
Klooalodet
lhsrnl.s
Jorlbs
Watrs

BY
4i868

TO OBTAII{
JouL! PoaGrarf

CL
2sa

TOOATAN
turelideram

SPECIFIC
HEAT

rO OBTAIN
Wats P.r Sqmre taetrf-.C
WaftsPerSCt|r|Efl*
Kllocdort!! P.r Sq0I| Lbr{our
Klocalodm PorSq||| lldr+loq-.C

o
o

o
t

;,:.;'i . :'1
:: : ]l:.]];:]

,1,.',:.....,

':
: l t . : : :i r ,

,:
t,
.. j.

r'

rr:.

; .1,,,

o
I

ENTHALFY

sEciln9

N{ERIAL G.('flOUCTMTT

!t!!SH
F.r Foot{{odi.

T .
lflq
Bin Pr Sqrftr Fon|G.FpTh.fi
Eru F.r Sqlgr Fodfiqr f p.. Fod

::j::
: . : :: . 1
,
:::t

..:
..:

:t',1t1

...,i:r.i.,

1.f:nn
O.L&
tr8g

i:,::l
W|ilr Ps Xot rJ C

KlocalorlrsPrr S$ta fstar+lour.Cpar

llo!0.

;,'r,.,,1
.:,,:,:.;;,-.,,;.;rl,:r
n ...
;;,;1,
:,,,:,:,r,
;1,
Hoursquro Foot-f pof BIU
Hourq|reruFoot-.Fpoi Bru

EL

i.,,t,.,4
, , , , . . r , , ' , 1 ,, r , . ,
, i , : . . . . 1 i 1 ' ;| ; , l l i t :
Potndr PorHourqudr F{ot

'

rooB TA

r76.tt0e
01018

l:

Squln [rtor." C pa( Kbfi

Squole f,dc.- Ho|tf "C f,rfiIutd

'.

rooBTAN

.:,

lclogtom. p.. Squa|t hrrlo|td

a
I

o
o
o
o
t
O

, .,., r ,.','.

i i ,. t l

't " . l; ,"; ' i : '

, : . . t ', i i . :

**' 1 9

i ,-'.,
. . :il;::,i:,:
' . ' . -::.r.:
.:'':':

g.fit

:j "':1:,,'.
::;i

sEcToNI

a
o
o
a
o
a
o
o
o
a
a
e
a

INFOBilANON
GENERAL
TABLE D.16
TABLES
COIWERSIOT{
FORWIREASIOSHEETilSTALGAGES

Vdrrr b 4grorioc &cirnr& of ra iachAr r uurba of gqer gc io urc (or nrieur drpe nd nrarll it ir rdvir$b b drr. U thicbrrr h thosmdtht whm tFcifyht trgs relar.
tn.ri.{ (l"fi!)
Bosa rnd thrro
(!.r3)
(t* ro.fr*cr
dt! .,|d s..O I

Ort
drdb.l

Ul. &61Wlt
(s.W.e)c

WrAhsa.Dd Ma.t
cld{4
Ad. 3.d
|rd Wir C4
llL Gtoct w.O.l
& n6l rltd

qxxm

0.raal
0.4t0
03a5
0.sE

02te5
o,lft7
0.8
01070

OA

&a)

6a d... .{d
b..p Edd)

st|!iL!d
0{6

orp

(sw.oJ

!!rLt

0500
O,,l&a
0.4nil
0.400

txxxxtoo
0(r@
orxroo
000
000

(EdrirbLi.l
rtradrr4

0500
0.,tao
0.4:t!
0..fi
0375
03aa
03r2

03as8
ot2s0

on1
o8
0250
o4
02te
02cl
o.rti

03532
031,17
0tooil
02500

0.w

o,$o
o27A
o.62
ol,yl
o212

2
3
a

0.t7i!
0.t56
0.l,al

0.tetl
0.r75a
0.t570
0.13!t8
0.r250

0.t92
0.r7rl
0.tlo
0.t{4
0.t26

I
7
0
I
l0

056At
054r8
0.500
0.+r52
0.s4

o3n
03,a8
0344

0
I

0.1i!0
o.t7?0
0.tctr
0.r{{3
0.rgio

tt
12
t3
t4
t5

0.091
0oEt
0I'z!
0.06{
0.05,

0.r205
0.r6ri
0.0$3
0.0ct0
0.012,

0,t20
0.109
0.0!t5
0.6

0.1113
009't
0.06&l
0.078{i
0.06!t9

0.fi6
0.t0,0
0.ota

osnr

o.r6
0.109
0.094
0!7t
0.0?!

o.0t?

tl
l2
t3
t,l
15

0.051

0r{5
0.0{o
0.@6
0.0c2

0.06a5
0.05a0
0.04?5
o.(rt0
0.4t

0.G5
0.68
0.0,49
0.042
0.0:|5

ottdt
0.056
0.050
0.08
0.03?5

0.0625
0.0558
0.04!5
0.0,1O
0.0302

0.0/a
0.058
0.0118
0t 1{t
o.G!a

ta
17
TE
't9
20

0txlts
0.@53
ot,,a
o.cnl
0.01tr

0.0017
0n286
0.0a5t
onao
0.04x

0.c34
0.026
0.025
0s2.
0.020

0fi14a
o.Gt12
o.un1
0.0250
0.0219

0.s49
oio'r3

0.(}:t2
0.028
0.024
o.0E
0.020

21

0.0r59
0.014?
0.0r28
0.0113
0.0r00

0.0tet
0.01t3
0.0r62
0.0150
oltl,lO

0.0r6
0.016
0.0'r4
0.0r3
0.0r2

0.0t88
0JtzI
0.0156
0l'|,tl
0.0r25

0.0196'

0rr75
0,0r58
0.0r90
0.0r23

0.014
001e4
oot4
0.0136
00121

2n
27
a
29
90

0.0t3iI
o!t2t
0.0rtc
oJt0,l
0.0ott6

0.010
0.qxt
0.oolt
0.q07

0rto!,
0.0r02
o.0o9a
0.0q5
0txt?t

0.0 0
0.@8
0.001t
0.002
0.0060

o.0r0r
o.0roo
0.009

0.0it8

3l
3t!
3B
tl
35

0.004

0.m70
o{m8
0.txr6a

0.006l
0.0091
0.0046
0lxrit
: oiooe.

26

8
g
30

0.(tr80
0,oEo
0.o71
0.fls
: 0io5!

3r
ta
i3
3,1
t5
35
37
56
3 9 ,. .

'..

O.Oil8

. 0035
o.dql

12

4
il5 r..1

'{t : ,,:
a7
'|t

0:(x}s

0.00s
01xf,5
01080
, 0;O75 '
: : 01070
:
0rxt6a
0!rB2
0.@60
0.d)51
- ,,.0.655 i

0.fl50
0.045

ill

.,r

0zrE

lmFid
'Vir!

0.164
0.t44
0.t28
0.1I'l
0.t02

:: , ,::

0159

Su.ndrd
Bntrb$.d

a
7
t
I
t0

A
21
6

. ..:

o.s{l
o.u

!IK

US
StoAi
OEis.d
DL|t.oarl
;'qblnl

0:03
0.r80
0.165
0.1{a
0.1t4

,21
:zl

,t :,.

0.asa
0.6
a3t0
0Jlll

0-ut
0,4r0
0-tr5

0:!e
0-5t
0.8
0904
0.taa

I
2
3

@.woJ

0.49p
0.l|.r5
0.{lE
0-*!

0000000

ffm
fioo
tm
oo
0

Biad4hra

(fd trel ricta

s!rb. troo f!!
Fr iru ot
f.Br rilo).

il9

90

0.0278
0.024E
0.0220

o-m

O.qEl

o1076
0.fl68
0.q80
0009?,
oi0{{ , :

, ,, 0ror9

0J017
0.00t5
or0t4
0.00r2

a
a
t

o
t

o
o
o

z
n

21
.25

a
a
a
o

36
gf
3rl

30.
.4

,41
12

0.0(E.i
0r@l
0mz7
0J0l!,1
, 0,q024,

oJd6E,::
OIXEO
0!0.6
0.00/6
0.00{.1

,4i,:

odt2a
oo20
o.or6
00r2
OII},IO

:r:

I l.l::.r:

o
s

fl
50
','

'.
I Sooahror ltod for irca rvitc.
+ Sqrainrr srcdfor coppaflrc ud for glm 12;rgc rd hcevicrnd foattccl lrbaa.

, , : ., t :, : , ). , ' ,

o
o
o
a

o
o
I

Assoclation,Inc.
@Tubular
Exchangorlf,anufacturers

9'54
'"ri.:!,

i,.:

::: :'

':

.: '.

a. "'

'

, :,:

r,r,:, ,,

r,. ,

a
o
I

a
O

RECOi,|MENDED
GOODPRACNCE

sEcltolt t0

t
I

a
a
a
I

o
I

a
t

Thissectionof trreTEMAstandardsproJdesthedeslgnerwitr additionar

information
andguidance
rc*ative
to thedesignof sheilandtubeheatexchangers
notcftieo ovtnescopeoi fl.,; il; J#ons utre
standards'Thetideof thissectjon,"n9c9g-m"na"aeooJpract."., inii""ro
miri,"-iifomeftm shsJd
beconsidered,
butis nota requirement
of thebasicStandards.

when a paragraphin thissection(RGp)is foilowedby il

and/orB,

this RGpparagraph
b an
oramprification
gfgls'.on
ofa.rike'numbered
prtug'uirt
in1,c,
r,ehCbl*til;;;'riffit*0",u"

o
o
o
o

slmilarly,crhersuffixdesignations
iollowingice i"ndi;"t"otherapplicablJ
""atr"

o
a
a
a
a
o

.,'.,..

o
a

:r

..'.',' ',

it

l..l ,. .1,

1 ,

:, :

or'tn"n,ainstandar*.

:,

,,

:' tt :t,l.t

.,,'

..

":t

-. r,
:.,,,;..,r1,

1,t
.-:1t

,'i. l . ,,;

'.:'

r.i., :f:t f

a
I

.' ..,.,. ,rti,u,,l .i ,,.,,,,1;,,li

a 1,,, ;r..;
,,i:.

I
I
I

I 1,.,,.'.. l,
i

o
o
o

o
o

'l '.:
,. :'r;t , .ri,.:1

'
"

wvw.tema.org
:ir u::r:
, ,i

Ii.ir

i 1 : : : :1 : . : :
; t, , , : , , r , : : l

.;.:

',, :'.i

-,.t,,

'-t
1 ; , : , r : . . .. r , ] :

@TubularExchangerXlanufactrrcrcAssociatbn, Inc.

iGl
; , 1 . , , .r , , , . , , : . . ;

RGPG'.l1

o
o
a
a

GOODPRACTICE
RECOMI'ENDED

sEcTtoN10

HORIZOI{TALVESSELSUPPORTS

O=Loodon onc soddh, lbs

R=Rodius
of shcil.in.
psi
S=Stress.
ts=Shelllhickness,in.
lh=Heodthickness,'trrr
X=Conslont(*rc toblcs)
0=Contoctongb, &egecs
P=0esignpressure,psi

0r

0r

andtest.
bott operating
weightsandweighbof contents,
component
1. Galculate
p,
due
to
weight.
reactions
saddle
vertical
2. Calculate
o/and
So=PN2tt
pressure
stressSodueto intemaldesignpressure.
3. Calculate
51.
stressat saddles,
longitudinal
bending
4. Calculate

Q/
,S,

F ltop\

,l L
AL
---_;:;-.=_ 2

Q/

,,4H
l_r-

3L

Tension {n(a*o,) =

KrR2t,
B

o"[,-

R 2_ H 2

. ,, 4 H
l-l--

KrR2t,

t
t

o
a
a
o

I
I

,' -L z A L
Jt - rH-

3L

. A R,-H,

R2_H2
. - -A
I +-

Compression

o
t

o
o
a
o
a
a

o
I

o
a
o
\29ltR/L \3/'

',\RJl

,.:702: ,:,

l4c.,,,,,
@Tubufar.Exchanger
' : . : . : . : : : : : :lllanufacturers,Assqciatiol,
. : :. ,

o
o
o
o
o
I

o
I

a
o
o
o
I

o
a

a
o
a

t
t

o
o
a
o
o
o

RECOMMENDED
GOODPRACTICE

sEcTtoNt0

6. Calculate
tangential
shearstressin shellwithoutreinforcing
rings.
SaddleawayfromheadI > N2 or B > M2
K . O . (- L _ 2 8 \
- =:-lK r Q , ( L - z A \
^
Drr
J,. =-l
-----:--::-::- I
|
''
ftr, \L+4/3H )
Rt, \L+4t3H )
Saddlecloseto headA < M2 or B: N2

=l&
s.,
"

s."=KnQ,

Rt,
Rt"
7.Calculate
stressin head
KoQ,
K^O^
.
DzFw)=-;;*D:r(r)
irrrol =-ji=+Jir,o,, where:
-=;;
K r Q , and
c
^ ^ , oJ3s(r):- K r Q ,
d:r'(n)
',.h
Rt,
52shallnot exceed0.8 timesthe allowablestressof shellat temperature.
ss + sp shallnot exceed1.25timesthe allowablestressof the headof temperature.
8. calculatethe circumferential
shess al hom of saddleswithoutreinforcingnngs.
WhenI > 8.R
Sor =

0
tt,(t+t

WhenZ < 8R
Sot

+r.(r * r.sontna
)

a
o
a
I
I

SSshallnotexceed1.5timeshe allowable
yieldstressof theshellat temperature.

..;1:,..:...:.lfshet|.is.qve1ff;s;d,a5inw9,,'..lgi"lhip|an9

10.Calculatetangentialslear stess in shellwithreinforcingring.

I
I

52 shallnotexceed0.8timestheallowable
shessof shellat temperalure.

t-=T(m'i:

:),r,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,, . : . :
:,,.,,,
:,i.,,'i:,
.i. ' ' ' ' ' '

ti.ls(,

'r i : " , : , ' : i t : , r'

. i,

a
I

o
o
a
t
t

:::
:.:.:. ii'::::::i li i:
.:::.''..':.:1:.:.'

::

v4*R'-!' l

-H2
r-B+R2

a,lt-:-f'z#-l o,lt-jffil
o
"

:::

'

: : : .

: r:

' iii' i:

I::
. . : : ,

:::1,:I :: :::l :r :i

.'.

Srs=

. ' . : ,: : i ' : . i : : . . , i : :

,r,,,,,,,r,,.,,.,9.Tubu11,El[ahelser':Manufactures,Associationt;nc.
, ,1,:,,.
:,,, : =:.1,',,lQ..3,,,,,
;:
:t:

: r.
'::

:: -1ll -: ::
i:
, i . : .i : : : : . : : :

GOODPRACTICE
RECOMMENDED

sEcTloN10

a
a
o
a
o

Centroid

KoQr . KroQrR

'

KrQ" . KroQ,R
n
"u'=-f *-iTT

="0, n-*1TT
^

Where:

o
a

A= Crosssectionalareaof ringplustheeffectiveareaof theshell,in2

/ = Momentof inertiaof section,in'
C = Distanceto cenfoidof sectinn,in.

whichweris less.
at temperature,
56 shallnotexceed0.5timestheyieldpointof fie shellor ringmaterial

a
o
t

t
I

FORINTERMEDIAIE
V^IUES
VATI'ES
0F coNsl^}{rK (riln:RPOI,AIE
f-t
IG
K6
K7
KO
K9
Kro
K2
KI
Kr
0
0.7600.60J0.3f0 0.053
r20 0.3Jsl . t 7 l 0.5190.880 0.40'l
0.74J 0.016OJJ5 0.019
0.3r9
0.801O.JEA
r.097
r25 0.J61
t4J
4.726 0.689 0Jt0 0.fis
rJ0 0.3871.0220.J190.7?20.562
1J5 0.4r50.9610.3190.6570.3{5 o- 0.712 0.7350.325 0.Mt
7
x
0.597 0.7800J20 0.0J7
140 0.4,130.9m 0.3190.5920.327 l.|.J

0.1710.8500.3190.539 0.311 z.
z
150 0.5050.7990.3r90.4E50.295 o
!
r55 0.5J8 0.75{ 0.3r90..,1,11
.L
160 0.5710.7r50.3r9(tJg6 0.266 (:,
r65 0.6070-6770.3r90J59 0.253 u.,
lrJ
170 t-il2 0.6.100.3r9 0322 0,2f0 UI
175 0.675o60 0.3r9 0.2910i.228
1E0 0.7r80.5770.Jr9 0.260 0.2r6
145

'
',
:

t:

.
I

l,

0.6850.8280.3r00.0J5
0.673 0.8760^ilx) 0.0J2
0.664 0-9260.295 0J29
0.654 0.9760.290 0.026
0.646 r.02E
0.2800.024
0-&17 r.0790.270 0.gu
0.5Jt r .t3l 0.2600.020
0.624 r.r&t0.250 0.017

:,:I
r: :: ::: : _1.1

o
o
I

o
o
o
a
t

o
t
t
I

ir.r :1.I t t.: .i:::.

:i
: : 1r : i ' : r ' : :

::: .r : .
:,:::

o
o
t
o
o
t

1'

" ' :l. 1 : " ' . ' ,

@TubularExchangorllanufec-tu|lrs Assoeidon, Inc.

10-4
l; , . 1t , , r ,,,::l :r,:

,:,

:, :

: ::

. : i . : . . .| :, . . :: . : : ::::j .
:r: ::: , i r:.. I

.::::

.:..

r:: ;..

:r.:

a
a
o
o
o
l

RECOHIIENDED
GOODPRACNCE

sEgnoilr0

a
o
o
a
a
o
I

a
I

o
o

z
l-<
at

z.
o
()

o
an

I
I

3
J

o
I
I
I

a
t
t
t

I
I

i;.i.1..:.1;...:;.pi5';...;.li...i*,pl;;.,.jffi''',i.;':''i','i
.'.i.,;;:j.':."..;.,.;.1i'.'...'..i,.....1..

o
a
I

o
t

o
a
o

@TubularExchangorllanufac,trtrrs Associallon,Inc.
iO.6
l, i.r1';,'.",,.', ; r,.,,,r,;,1:'r,-,,,t,1;t,iii '' 1':---:--t,""=i....,,
i';
i
:j.,rr,.,ri:
r, j-,j,.. i::

t
I

GOODPRACTICE
RECOilT'E}IDED

sEcnoN10

VESSELSUPPORTS
VERTICAL
RGP.G.7.12
topplate'b6e date, andtwogusssts.
Thevessellugsdescribedinlhis paragraphincorporate
acceptabla
are
of calculations
andnreffrods
Oher configurations

a
a
I

a
o

APPLIEDLOADS

,--G\
I

+I

/'!\
-..-.1.-.--

/+M

ili,l

dBN

d
dBt{

TNSION
LOAD
UPLIFT
dB

w = TOTALDADWT.PERCONOITION
(EMPTY,OPERATION,
AT.IALYZING
__.-.t,-..(lo.l)
FULLOFWATER,
ETC...),lb
N= NUMBER
\i--l
OF LUGSUPPORTS
cg = BOLTCIRCLE,in{flm)
MoMENTATTtlE SUPPORTS
M = OVERTURNING
in'lb (mrn{d{}
DUETO EXTERNL LOADING,

ffi

{ ,rurrnr

\t/

o
a
a
a
o

a
o

I
I

o
o
o
a

a
F

,..::
I
F

a
I

o
I

o
I

o
o

'il

l : .t ir : .

: . . , ,,, :'

106
.
,lt=,,l;,':.: :,

a
o

i :' ,

;.:t,',,
"'

'

O
@TubularExc{rangorllanufec'turrsAssociatlon'Inc.
''

o
o
a

o
t

I
I

RECOTIiIENDED
GOODPRACNCE

sacTtoltro

RGP-G7.122BASEPI.ATE

a
a
I

[+ 2Tg

a
o
o
I

considerbaseprateas simprysupported
beamsubjectto a uniformry
disributedhad at bitr,
(Kn/mm)

o
I

I
t

o
6M+

I
I

a
a

lb

M*= GREATER
OFMsORMr
,'

a
I

FF

tl

I 4tfis

.i ,-.' i .tF,,,,,.

..,,r.:ii ::n:.i.r.: ..

Assumesimplysupportedbeamwittruniformload

o
o
o
o
t

i"*'

,,,.,,,,,.,,,,u,9,ffio..1.r,n,.1r;u.*.ftpffai"pn,rn:'i,,ir
,

I
sEcnoN10
,=

RECOMMENDED
GOODPRACNCE

a
a

,(t+r"\'

_T,in_b(mm-kN)

whre

brkNl

a
o

( +2 T r'i n\ mm/
BENDINGSTRESS

BENDING
STRESSIMETRIC)

lb
---;

6Y
sb=
xlo6"kPa
QP)'gt)

JD =

6M
------------.

(1"Pf(Tt).in',

..

o
I

.lb. gO* vtetO STHESS

o
a
o
t

RGP.G.7.l24GUSSETS

o
e

a=ARCTAN

GB_TP

o
o
o
o
o

degrees

17t

t
t
I

: ', ,

MAX COMPRESSIVE
STRESSAT
B &ETRICI

STRESSAT B
MA)( COMPRESSIVE

o
a

INCOMPRESSION
^'c < THEALLoWABLE
STRESS

a
I

a
o
o

'

:
. j l : . f , : 1i l. , , : '

''

@TubuhrExcfiangertanufacturcrs Assoclatlon,Inc.

10{
: .,

'
Yvrwv.tsnaotg
''

o
o
o
I

o
I

a
o
a
i

RECOITIiIENDED
GOODPRACNCE

sEcIKtt{ t0

RGP-G-7.2
UFTTNG
LUGS(SOUEACCEPTABLE
TypEsoF umNc Lucs)
RGP.S7'1 VEFNCAL
UflITS

o
a
a
a

o
I

a
l

a
t

coYERLUG

a
o
o
o

o
a
I
I
I

t^,!,Nq!,f

a
I
J

rRUNN'.N

,,,
Hlglff^.ff*H,Eif35ffiB5EiRil,E[s1,.[

o
a

(l

a
o

e
I

rwrfl.tom.org

@TubularE:<changor
llanuracfuiorc Associalion,Inc.
iij.....'..l.";;.;..;.'i;;.l..1i;.]..u....j......'.-'.';..j'.

il

GOODPBACTICE
RECOIIMENDED

sEcTloN10

UNITS
HORIZONTAL
RGP.G.7.22

e
o
a
I

a
a
o

o
o

a
t
I

o
I
a

a
t

o
I

o
o
o
I

t
a
J

EYEBOLT

UFnNGLUG

o
o
o
a
I

o
O

' : : i '. : . . ; ; ' , :

:i:

10.t0

@TubularE<c{rangsrtanufestutut Assoclrtion, Inc.

o
a
o

o
I

I
I

RECOXIII
ENDEDGOODPRACNCE

sEcltoilto

RGP.G7.24
UFTPROCEDURE

1.Establishlift procedure
Liftprocedure
is estaLblished
by o"rstomer.
Thisstepmaynotbe necessarytor routinetitg.

o
o

IOTALNEGfiT

o
I

a
I

SLINGORTAILLUG
AIUACEI.ITTOBASERING

a
I

o
o
o
I

o
a
o
o

3. Applyimpactfactor
1.5minimum,
unlessothenrvise
specified.

,.''

a
I

., rI

;:;'.,,"'a.1i
,,i,:

;, ..,1,, ,::,'1.:, .ll

o
a

:
5. Ddermineloadsfnd apply(seeabwe figu;es)

..'||:':'.,:

.l., l''.t

4. Selectshacklesize
'..,.

;1,,' ,',i,
,;r,r

t
I

a
o
o
o

,i ,

; , 1. , ; , , l :

mflw.tom&atg
1,,...
,i ,,.:, ,'l .r

@TubularExo*ungerllanufacfirraneAssocla$on,Inc.

GOODPRACTICE
RECOIIMENDED

10
sEcT|oN

Sizeliftinglug.
Thicknessof liftinglugis caloiated
by usingthe greaterof shearor bending
resuhsas follows:

o
o
a
a
a
a
t

o
a
o
a
o

o
I
a
,

t
THI,,:NESS-EQBSHEAB-II'EIB!9
REOUIRED
F
, = _.-_x106,mm

z(s)(r-d ' 2)

. REOUIRED
(METFIC}
TTIIC;{NESS
FORBENDING
6Fh
f = ------;-X lU ,mm

SNL\'

stresses.
for locallyimposed
shouldbecheckedand/orreinforced
Note:component
,'l

o
o
o
a

o
o
o
I
o

o
o

i l i i i i . i ' 'j' : i , . : ,' : , . ' : . , , , t .

':::::: : ::::.
:: .

o
a

''

o
@TubularExcfiangorllanufacturcrs Aseociatlon,Inc.

tGl2
,:: ,: t

:,.

..'. ::.

. a

. .:.

::

, :

a
(,

t
l

RECOMIIIENDED
GOODPRACNCE

sEcftoil 1o

RGPG-7.3W|NDAt{DSEtSlilc DEStct{
qyqseg ot.design,windandseisnricforcesareassumedto be negligibleunleostheeu|cl@r
lor
specifically
detairssuchforces.intre inquiry.when suchrequirements
are specifiedbyte
purctaser,thedesignershourdconsiderthlir effeci an
r," u*ior" ffiffiG
& r* ra
exchanger'
Theselorcesshouldbe enaluatedin tre design fft" n*J"IJ,i"i"irrtepsare
tfrhTt exqqnsg-rs.upports
"t devicer.rsedto attacrrtp |H
andthe
1!3nlns components,
exchanger
sopporrs
totheandror
poinb.rremiis
useatoru,"ddidi-n-iG;.ft.fiJft
scopeof theseStandards;
however,
the designercanreferto thes,#ct& iere-rsrces
"
rea Uor.

l
(l

o
a
a
o
o
I

o
a
e

o
o
a

,t, tfl"';y"Tjeat

exchangers
rvherethereakingtube(s)is morethan2 tubesawayfromt.reperiphery
of
(2)Forheatexchangers
,fth riTl{
o.rmanway
in a werded-on
ctranner
wherethetubeis
lgg:: to remov6openings
located,such
thatit wourdbe impossibre
tti, tuoEilrroughtheac;J"lpJning inm"

o
o
a
t
t
I

a
I

,-

,-.,l.

a
t

;. ;.,l ,: ;' i:

t
I

, : . . ' i r: : .i . : : . :
::] : : : ' : : i ] ] : : : : i: : : : :

www.tema.otg

O ,.:,:1..

I
ll

@TlbularExchangerllanufactut|1sAssociauon,Inc.

ilFl3
.. , ,..

GOODPRACNCE
RECOITIIIEI{DED

sBcTloN10

a
a

AIID D(|T AREAS

RGPCB'4.6:I
SHELLORBUNDLEEilTRANCE
approximdeshdl andbundleentrance
Thisparagraphprovidesmetrodsfor determining
1,4.6212,
as illustratedby FiguresRGP-RCB-4.621
areasfor cornmonconflgurations
.
4.6221,4.6222,4.6231and4.6241
dueto thefollowingconsiderations:
Resultsaresomadtatapproximate
(1)Non-uniform
of thebundle.
locationol tubesat theperiphery
(2)Thepresenceof untubedlanesthroughthe bundle.
(3)The presenc-,e
of tie rods,spacers,and/orbypasssealdevices.
for s.rcficlncemsbasedon actualdetailswill resultin improvedaccuracy.
Fullaooount
mustbe glvento ofter corfiguralions.Somearelistedbelow:
Specialconsideration
(1)Nozle locatednearlhe bendsof U-tubebundles.
(2)Nozzlewtrichis eched in a semiorfull tangerilialpositionto theshell.
(3)Prforated
distributiondevices.
wnhsignificant
platesrvhicharenotflator whicharepositioned
(4)lmpingement
clearanceoffthe bundle.
(5)Annulardistributorb6lts.
RGP.RCB.4.EIAND4.82 SHELLEiITRAI{CEOREX]TAHEA
4.6212,4.6221
or exitareafor FiguresRGP-RCB-4.6211,
Theminimum
shellentrance
asfollows:
and4.62?2maybe approximatd

a
a
o
o
a
a
O

a
I

a
I

o
I

A,=zrD,h+n(+r:\e:!)
'\4 "

o
I
o

) F,4

where
shellenlranceor exitarea,in21mm21.
A" = Approximate
in. (mm)
D" = Nozdeinsidediameter;
plate,in.(mm)
lreeheightabwe tubebundleor impingement
,r = Average
'6211,4.6212and4.6222.
h - 0.5 (fu + h2)tor FiguresRGP-RCB-4

t
I
I

h = 0.5 (D"- OTL) for FigureRGP-RC84.6221.

in. (mm)
freeheiglrt(atnozdecenterline),
ft, = Maximum

t
a

(at
edge),in.
, 12 = Minimumflee helght no?lg
hz = ht - 0.5[D"- (D;: - D,'zfs]
in. (mm)
D, = Shellinsidediameter,
'
... : I: ' . I ; , ' I , '
ll

::

':..:,

r'

'.
::: !r':r::

,t
:,

,: 'r,

: 1 . , .: i,r,r r. ::, , l

,:r :

u: l.. ,t,i. ..:,

'i-:.'

i:

''. :)

::

' .

;:

' " :: '

plate
Fr = Factorindicatingpresenceof impingement
plate
Fr = 0 withimpingement
:::rr 1r ':
platl
ilmpingedient
Fi = -t wifror,rt

r..'

r,:,i:

l:i ii

:: .

:'::.:
:r : :

I ,::

: :

t,',
: .: i:

@TubularExchangorllanufac{utpts Association,Inc.
'1

.:

'i : :

a
a
o
e
t
o
o
a

: ] ' : : i : i ! j

..

www,tqtrt.org
::

o
o

a
?

RECOMIIENDED
G@D PRACNCE

o
I

sEgnq{ 10

P, = Tubecenterto centrpilcfi,in, (mm)

D, = Tubeoutsidediameter,in. (mm)

F = F-acto.r
indicatingtubepit*r tpe andorientation
wih respectotuittfl
direcffon

a
a
o

Fz= l.oforJs- orraE

Fz = 0.866
for *

Fz= 0.707forO

RGP-RCB4.623
At{D4.62'rBUNDLEENTAANCE
OROOTAREA

The minimumbundleenir

maybeapproxim"t*u" ffrlffil

o<itareafor Figures
RGP-RCB-4'6231
and4.6241

-nr)#*
Ao=B,(.D,-OTL)+(B,K

o
o
o
o

wnere
A6 = Approximdebundleentranceor exit area,in2
1mm21.
B" = Baffle spacingat entranceor exit, in, (mm)
K = Effe.ctive
chorddistanceacrossbundle,in. (mm)
K = Dnlor FigureRGp-RC8,4.624.|

o
a

Ap = 0 ior no impingement
plate

t
t

a
I

'

'Ip=lmprngementpfatediarhetetoredgelengitt,
. ,, r' ,,
in.(mm)
A1= Unrestricted
longitudinal
flowarea,inz1mm21

' :'
...,
,:.

',1,'
1 . ' ..:. i , 1 1 ;:r: : .1 . , 1 : t ; '

: '

o
o

'

:..

'

l:

:,: :r.1 .;,:,,1::]1.,;:

:::::..:.',:'::..'',.:::.

I
t
I

::.
: - :t::
::. :r.. rr:: rr i:.:::.

o
o

''''

Lo
l.
It
lo
tf
I

lr
lo

::':

::'

@TubularExc*rangrllanutacturersAesochtion,Inc.
i.:..'.:i.il;i...l.,i::.::i.,'..:..',;;.1;...'.':.:

l(}l5
jl

..' ,.,

sEcTloN10

GOODPRACNCE
RECOMMENOED

flow.
TheformulaebelowassumeunresffHedlongitudinal
A1= 0 for balfleort normalto nozdeaxis
1withbafflecutparallelwithnozZeods
At = 0.5 a b tor FrgureRGP-RC&4.623
withbatflecutparallelwittt
RGP-RCB-4.6241
Ar = 0-5(D"- OZ)c for Figprre
nozle axis
in-(mm)
RGP'RCB-4.6231,
fromFignrre
a = Dimension
in. (mm)
lrornFigureRGP-RCB-4.62S1,
b = Dimension
in. (mm)
fromFigureRGP'RCB'4'6241,
c = Dimension
PROTESNON
RODTYPEITPII{GETENT
RGP-RC8.4.525
of tworowsol rodsarranged
protection
shallutilhea minimum
Rodtlpe impingement
suchthatmaximumbundleentranceareais providedwithoutpermittingdirect
on anYtube.
impingement
Flgure
Shellentranceareamaybe approximdedperParagraphRGP'RCB.4-622'
RGP-RCE-4.6221.
perParagraphRGP-RCB.4.624'
Figure
Bundleentranceareamaybe approximated
FGP-RC&4.6241.

o
a
.

o
o
t

o
a
o
t
I

t
t

a
I
o
o
t

I
O
I

t
a

',i :l l' ,
'rr
i r. :

::,

:' ;:i :t i:,,

o
I
a

t
' . , 1 :, , : ,t i )

a
a

,a , :a .,1

o
o

: r : : : : : : r: : :. . , :

o
@TubularEcdtangrllanuircfr.rrc Aasociation,InG.

o
o
I

I
;

s8crrcnr0

o
I

FIGUREHcP{CB.{.dli2
ilPII{GEMEilT PUIE - PART!ALI.I|q,,

hp

-11

o
t

Dn

jll_:l
(Di-OrLy2

hzt

!--r-\-

a-

o
I

TT_T

a
I
I

_.._l

a
a
I

a
a
t
t
I

a
t
I
t

:':' :

o
o
t

o
o
a

.;' ir-

....

,,,,.i

, ,,.;;,,:..
,

1:t :-.

ff.t"1'".ot

,tt:

t'|

ttl t'l

lnc.
, t ' 1 . . l, '., r ' : 1 ' * :

':'

t:" '

t:r',

,,' ,

::;:' : l:

:, ;,..;;':,:..
,.;,
1t17
;,, ;'.r.:,i:::.t

t
a

GOOI'PRACTICE
RECOTIIIENDED

sEcTloN10

AND4.6241
RGP.RCB-4.dI31
FIGURES

OREXTTAREA
BUI{DLEEI{TRA,ilCE
FIGURE
RGP-RCB{.6A31
PI-ATEIIIPINGEMEI'IT
PARNALLAYOUT- W]THORWITHOUT

o
I

a
o

a
t
o

'n
( or-orLl/z

a
t

PI-ATEFULL LAYOUT- NO IMPINGEMENT

O
It

o
)

a
e
o

I
I

vlEU'B g"

o
I

'

i.

'

::

.::

t'

.: r:

: : , : .:

':,1, ., r

:i

:.,,t

,t

:':

,., lili

:':,

@TubularExcftangerllanufactur.sAssocldon, lnc.
:,,:: :
,
, ,1.

r " ::'r
::

.::.::.
,
r: ::,::I

... :.,.

:,:

: . . : : l : :

:: ,,

.] l': ,,,
,1
:

o
wwlr.tdraorg

o
a
o

I
,

RECOi'IIENDED
GOODPRACNCE

sEgltoil ro

RGP.RCBT
TUBESHEETS
RGP.RC&7.2
ruBE HOTES
il ruBESHEETT}
RGP.RC&723
TUBEHOIEFINISH

mechanicat
sfengrh
andrea*righrress
ofanapcrdd tteb-

n:h,Itg-!:
tIyfff
beefietjoint.
In general:

mechanicar
strengththana smootht'be hob-Thb
f r'ugh tyb horeprovides.more
' is
influenced a comptelretationship
of moOuUs
J-da"ti;ity;;"i;-;;A';;
!y
hardness
of thematerialsbeingused.
(2) A vnootr tubbhoredoesnotpiovidethe medranicar
strengthflat a rougfrtfr,e b
does,butit canprovidea pressrretightjoirn;;'i;,*,
reverof waflredudion
(3) very lightwaI tubesrequkea smoothertubehorefinish
th* heavierrd t6es-

(t)

o
a
o

(4) Signifimnt
,r,rgr
rr.,EUrr r.,rgrruqrnar
longitudinalscrarcnes
['?,
scratcfiescan provtde
provideleak pahs trrough an erparded lne.b_
fubesheetjoint and shouldtherefore be removed.

a
o
o

RGP-RC8.7.3
TUBEIIYALLREDUCNOil
optiTqt
tubewall
for an expandedtub+totubesheetjointdependsona numberof
Ihg
lf.uction
factors.
Someof ttese are:
(1) Tubehotefinish

o
a

a
I

(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

o
o

Tube wall thickness

Tube hardnessand changein hardnessduringcold working
Tube O.D.toterance
Tpe ol expanderused

s
a
t
a
t
t

o
I

I
t
t

i .t'..i ,'
",
,'.,il"',.

'
, 'l ''':

a
I
I

rvrvw.tsna.org
f i,;,l

@Tubular
Erchangerllrnu'rcturers Assoclalion,Inc.

,Frg

SEGTION10

GOODPRACTICE
RECOMMENDED

RGP.RCB.10.6 NOZZLELOADINGS

unlessthepurchaser
to benegligible,
of design,nozzleloadsareassumed
Forpurposes
RGP-RCB-10'6'
in
Figure
indicated
as
loads
in
his
inquiry
such
details
specifically
FIGURE
RGP-RCB.10.6

o
e
a

o
o

o
a
a
e
I
planes,thereis no onesel
Sincepipingloadscanimposeforcesandmomenbin threegeometric
bythemanufacturer.
Eachpipinghad shouldbe
of valueswhichcenbe providedas a maximum
purchaser.
by
the
as
specified
moments
forces
and
of
6 a combination
evaluated
wallof theheat
containment
to thepressure
ftompipingaretransmitted
Nozzlereactions
of the
For
calculation
in
this
area.
condition
result
in
an
over-stressed
could
and
exchanger,
pressure
piping
references
loads,
and
vessel
due
to
wall
of
the
in
the
developed
stresses
combined
References:
in Spherical
andCylindrical
No.107,"LocalStresses
Bulletin
Council
Research
( 1 ) Welding
A.G.HopperandJ.L' Mershon.
K. R.Wickman'
ShellsDueto ExternalLoading",
P.P.
Pressure
Vessels",
in Cylindrical
Moments
FromRadialLoadsandExternal
(21 "Stresses
(1954-1
955).
Supplement
JoumalResearch
TheWelding
Bijlaard,

I
t

t
t

0
I

o
l

(3)

(4)

to StraightPipe",W.G.Dodge.
Attachments
in Cylindrical
ShellsDueTo
CouncilBulletinNo.297,"LocalStresses
WeldinqResearch
to WRCBulletin107''J.L.Mershon,
on Nozzles- Supplement
Loadings
Externa-l
andE.i. Rodabaugn.
GlV.Ranjan
K.Mokhtarian,
TO
SUBJECTED
SHELLINTERSECTIONS
RATTO
OF LARGEDIAMETER
DESIGN
RGP.RCB.1O.7
LOADINGS
ANDEXTERNAL
PRESSURE
'
diameterratiosof 0.5or less.
aboveareall limitedto nozzlediameter/shell
referenced
,
TtremefroOs
Thismethodpermitsratiosof 0.333to 1.0inof nozzlein conodedcondition'
d= meandiameter

(l

o
I

in.
t = corodednozzlewallthickness,

o
o

moment,lbf-in
M = circumferential
lbJ-in
moment,
M, = longitudinal

a
o

::: :':

o
a
J

a
,

RECOTIIIENDED
GOODPRACTICE

SECIK)|'| tO

M, = torsionalmoment,lbf-in
F = axialforceon nozzle,lb{
S - allowableCodestressat designtenrperafure,
psi
,9-= minimum
tensitestressat 100"F, psi
=
S, minimumyieldstressat 100.F, psi

a
t

a
a

Umitsm design

A1S, / & mustbe lessthan0.7

Bl ForP,Mi, Mo, andF

0.333<dlD<1.0
ZO<DlT <2SO

dlD< tlT <3.0

C) ForM1

o
I

o .1 zs<d l D <1 .o
7.5<DlT<9.o
7.s<dlt <lgil.o

a
t

op = PD /(2T)
oi=4Mi/0d20
oo = 4M"/(xd2t)
ot = 4Mt/(xd2t)

o
o

1)

S.,o= Vesselsiressdueto pressure

(surface)

+3.54t
4(at o), (o t ), (tt r )-, _.0.0s7
sw= op f-r.7eil8
16(d/ D),,(Dt r ), (trc:,,

a
a

:,. :..':''.
': . .:'..
. : :.:. . .: .:r,
::.:

t,

:'l

o
I

o
o

, .1,
,,
"t..

;,: 1,,

i'

,,,4),1

: "

o
a

t nt)1(D
s,,*=o,'fi.ttu-.wt(a
ft)r(t tr)-o+.iosn(a
tn11orc)a(t tiy^,1,

'ai .li;l
.,,

. , , , ;. ; , ; , .

a
I

a
a
I
I

#*ffi Litdil#r*#**ffii'',' ...,,..,,.,,'i:,,i,,',,,,,

5,=,q f-tlrt +n.n(at n)-s.et(at o)n+tr.sz(a

tn)',f(n/Tl**
'.'

wrrw.tma.org
, ,. : ., , : _

So* = Nozdestressdqq!e pressure(manbgne)

t
o

i..: :r .r:t

@Tubutar
Er<cfrangcr
Manuf;acturers
Assodetion,Inc.

I
sEcTloN10

GOODPRACTICE
RECOMIIENDED

(}

moment(mmbrane)
So.; = Nozzlesfiessdueto circumferential

6)

I Df")(n tr)'"* (t tr)'*

d /D)-2.73r(d
t D)'o+1.77s(d
s,,i= oi[-.oz+*rsos1
moment(surtace)
$o;= Vesselstressdueto circunrferential

I D)'n+s.nl(d I D)'of{n tr)' (t lr)""

lD)-8.674(d
s,i= o,f-.wzz+4.72s(d
S.,-i = Vesselstse66fue to cftcurrferentialmqnent (membrane)

8)

tn)''o--sus(ato)'"f(otr)" (t/r)*'
/D)+L.6ts(d
s,,i= o;l.ztn-.aru(a
moment(suface)
Soo= Nozzlestressdueto longitudinal

9)

o
o
t rf* (tt r)-"'
(at n)' +t.tt (aI o)3
(dI D)- 5.8ss
s* = oo[-.so:* s.sss
]{o
(mernbrane)
momerTt
= Nozdestressdueto longitudinal
So,oo

10)

/ D)" {n lr)
t o!'u+.r542(d
= o of-.ue*.ntz(at ol - .**.lz(a
sNno
1

*' (, r)-''n
l

S"o = Vesselstressdueto longihrdinalmomerfi(surface)

11)

d ID)-.23ss(d
ID\,o-.sn(a to)'ol{orc)"'(t lr)""
s,o= 6o[.ol+z+r.oll(
Su.o = Vesselstressdueto longitudinalmoment(membrane)

(d/ D)'o (a lr)"* (t I Tlo"

(at o) -t.tzt (at o)'" +.78!7
s,* = oo[-.ols+.1:oz
]
So"= Nozzlestressdueto axialforce,F (surface)

-13
/ D)1" l'T)"'(tI T
s* = o"[-t.asl*lo.l @t b1 tt(at b)" +s.ors(d
l@i

::: :.':.: rl

a
o
t

c
a
I

a
I

a
t
a
I
o

t
I

o
o

rl

a
3
t
I

: ::
$" = Vesselstressdueto odal force,F (surface)

15)

a
a

o
t
a

@TubularExchangerllanufecturcrs Aseociation,Inc.

o
o
o
o
I

a
I

'l
I

RECOilUENDED
GOODPRACNCE

14

18)

o
e
o
a
I

1e)

S* = Combinedstressesat nozzlesurface
S* = Sr +S,, +(,S,/20*S,,to *4,t0)''

201

So-" - Combinednozle membranstresses

f

*q"oto*s,,,to)'l
= .81E,,+,s,,-+(.s,*,20
s"o,.

D
I

Sv.. - Vessdstess dueto torsionmoment(membrane)

Sn , - Nozdestressdueto torsionmoment(membrane)

s,-,=s.n1=o,f.ts(o
t n )(aru)-'g t oyz'f

S* = Vesselstressduelo torsionmoment(surface)
S, - Node stressdueto torsionmomentlsurfacei

S*=So,=o,ft.t
(o /zr\(a tzl-' @t o)r'1
't
'

a
o

SECIKN10

21)

So"= Combinedstressesat vesselsurface

o
a

o
I

a
a

22l. So-"= Combined

stresses
invessel(tocalmembrane)
a=dl2
L=.79(DTtz)s

CF,=.4+(a/L)1.4_.zt1t+
t ta)_.u(r+L I a)tof
i

-.1

* s".,to
s,",.= c4 L,s-"+,s,.,+(^s*fi+,s",,,,o
)t I

I
I

I
t

Forthe rangeof parameters

covercd,rraluesof CF" rangefrom0.6gto

0.94.

o
I
t
I

"Design
of targeDiamefier
Ratio,shell
lntersections.
subiec'ted
topresureandErctecrd
lrsffisF,
Kovce,
K Mokhtarian,
E.Rodabaugh,
, !.
G.E.O.Wtffi-il
Feseaich
corrncit
commiteeonpioind.Nozzrirs
anrrva"-"tft"tHftl?g'l*.Hlvdg

e
I

a
a
I

www.tema.org

@TlrbularExchangerlfanuiec.turersAseocidlon,Inc.

10{8
,':.::.:.:;':..:::::..:.
..

ti

', i..'.::i:
::i j,,

GOODPRACNCE
RECOMMEI{DED

sEcnoN10

FLANGES
I.5 I.ARGEDIAilEIERLOWPRESSURE
RGP.RCB.1
in
as described
Whendesigninga largediameter,lowFessureflange,numrousconsidrations
in orderto reducethe amountof flangerotation.
AppendixS of the Codestould be revieerd
is thelact frlatlhist]pe of nangeusuallyhasa largeactualbdt area
Anotherpointol considerfion
area;the extraboltareacombinedwiththe potentialboltstress
required
compared
to the m6imum
setare produced.Mehods
dlec'tion andpermanent
canbverloadtheflangezuchfrat excessfue
arearrailabbto determinethe lnitialboltsiressrequiredin ordetto adtievea leak-freeboltedirint
Oncethe requkedboltstressis known,ffangerotatimandstresscanthenbe calculatedand,if
necssary,fre designercantakefuftheractionto reducerotationand/orstresses.

a
o
a
a
I
)

o
t

o
'a
a
a
o

a
o
o
I

o
O

o
]

l
a
)

, l : | ! : , i : i : , , r : , , ,:
'l
,a'i: a:::.t;:

t'

' 1r

] : ' ,

, : ' .

, : :

,
,

".

: : : I

, ' :

: ' . ' , : , :. . : . :

'a
',

i: ,,:, ,;l' :
.
r:. :'

:. ,

o
o

: : :

@TufuIrr E (changrilanufecfurrsAssoclation,Inc'
,r'r:

,i i '

I,,:

lG24
ir rii: :::i::lr

'.,

:l
',

, '

:,:,

: ' : . ' ., :. : . . ' : : :. : ::

.,,..',

i r r ' ] l , i , ], ] :: , ,

o
o
a

i : , i : : :: :

: , , ,. ' , '

.l:.::.i:'::,l......;::.:.]'i:.::.:::::l:

''''

rYrvw.tffia.ofg
''.

I
I
O
l

e
t

I
)

RECOi'MEI.IDED
GOODPRACNCE

o
t

SECIK'H 10

RGP.RC&l2FIIIITEEIfTIEIIT AI{ALYSISGUIDEIJNES

This.soctionoffersguidelines
for applying
the FiniteElementAnafysis
-Th6se
techniqueto compff1gr6ured ir
shell-and'tube
typehed exchangers.
guidelinesmayte usedas a basistor odrmi*rg gFfircry
for rrarlousheatexchagercomponenb,as riell as elementtypesto
be usedwih thata"rr..e",rfrrs
geomdry'Thissectionalsosuggestsguidelinesfor properly
evatuaung
an
typeol stressthatshouldbe conliderddfor fre cooispbnOmg
geor"rry. ""Ji"r "ijia",rr,ir;uL"

o
o
o
o

reug,

g
rypicat
carcurarion
codee
;.,mlT::'S,:*T:'LT^sllTj9j1p_1,-"Hi:"
ouFut
in'ariousmodes.Thechoiceorelement
typessucftassdidor Cnelwittnnuo."iliffi- s*ire
Theuser'srequkements
forcode.orcon'strucrion,
Pr.ocess'
wheffier
ASME,pED:;;ti*r, musbe
'ntryq"d
intotheinteFretation
ol shessresuns.Eac+r-cQoe
specifies
theoasistorinterlil;;ffifr
analysis
results.There{ore
thecalculated
resutsmustbecomffi"dil;rp;;;1"'t
.rur,*-*, r,,
goveming
codeorcodesofconsbuction.
Typicalcombination
methods
are
Von
lrlises
ano
UadnnmSrear
Stress.

e
t

1'0 stess combinations.

when interp.reting
outputof calculations
theb/peof stress,whefirermembrane
of botr, rnuslbe determined.Atso,thenarureof the stressufid*r
:::":9i19_T^::Tpinarion
pnmary

t
?

2.0

orsecondarv,
general
or localis to.bedetemined. ex+anseryemprqy
rs,ge a
consfuc'tion
teatures
thatmavreoultinvariousareasof thelg!
",rid"
heatexctr*6* uiini l"i.rpra.a
differenily.
Therefore
eac*rai9.aor|9
rd b"e'erraruaeo
separatery.
Thecodesd
"*;69;r
definition
of
the
basis
ot
oesig
to oe
in
i.uJrio^,,.rl*"
H*y*,ny{^contain
"""0 "ripiving
"r"*

may
bec"rp"i"omt
ilrr.ijil.'ivTlH"* ,"rt
fflgj::9:^:I ITS:f _"gL?lruction
"l"rrrritJ
io1.9acn
iatesory.
vessers
GlnsG",sd romore
rhan
::^a11,:::rn:tTll"_gql':l?!".lm1p
h':;ffi
iisroso,em
"'
tte
u
rn
ffiuestgrt
rTi,;ff|ff
ueiijn
to'i
ror eac|r
eaor-a'"i
*gt?[T3:;fl
area
;iOl me
# &it,"fi;
exchangef,
-u t5!.Erti

flllji

[$,bvon",=n*0".".'rn"'"Jffi

o
a

3.0 Mesh
rvrnorr
rrrrrrtsi'
limits.
Dul[arJle
Suitrable
mesndevelopment
mesh
oev-elopment
is one
one-of
of the
the kev
key sl
stepsto obtaining

useableresults,Elernent

3:1.Inareasof
expeaeoflel;;;;l;it;1.s:1mav
nTlg'g::.e{lgug'nerotg..amaximumof
be
moreprudent.

t
a
i

t,

c
I

o
I

a
I

,'

''

t'1'

..

., ,,.

6'0

sizes. Elementsizeoughtto graduallyvaryas{eededwithinthe mesh...Avr*l

hariiE hrge
eElement
small
elements
crEre.lqn:itionregion

. #;;?

;;;;ffi fVlumerous

r*. r;aefi{ff:

C
I

e
I

o
a
I
t

'.tu;,.
,....'

wyvw.tsna.org

@TubularExcfiangerllanuracfurursAsrociation,Inc.

l0r4,

a
o

GOODPRACNCE
ETiIDED
RECOIITII

sEcTloN10

FOUUNG
RGP-T-2
RGP-T-2.lTYPESOFFOUUNG
complex,
Theyareindividually
Cunentlyfve differenttl1pesof foulingmecfranivnsarerecognized.
andtheirefiectsmayincreasepressuredrop,accelerateco{T6ion
oftenoccurrirqsimultaneously,
anddecreaselhe orrerallhealfransfercoeffltcient
(1) PrecipitatbnFouling
fouling.lt occursin many
is oneof the mostcdnmontypso{ precipitation
Crystallization
scaleformsaslhe
prccessstreams,coolingwaterandcfifirical streams.Crystallizatbn
ol a relativelyinsolublesalt.Themostcommon,calcium
resultof orrer-saturation
of the
fonnson heattranslersurfacesas a resultof theihermaldecomposiUon
carbonate,
ions'
with
calcium
reaction
bicatbonateionandthe subsequefit

a
I

o
o
I

o
o

(2) ParticulateFouling
Sedimengtion is the most commonform of partbulatefouling. Particlesof clay,-sand,silt,
rust etc. arc initiallysuspendedin the ffuirl and form depooftson the heat transfer st{aces'
Sedimentationis frequendysuperimpoeedqr crystallizationand possiblyacts as a cdlyst
for certaint)rpesof cfiemical reactionfouling'
(3) ChemicalReactionFouling
Surfacetemperaturesand the presenceof oxidationpromotersare knownto significaflfly
influencethe rate of build up ct tds louling typ. Coking,the hard crust deposit of
hydrocarbonsformed ur high temperdlre $ff{aces, is a commonform of this type of

a
I

iouling.
(4)Corrosion
Fouting
lronoxide,the mosicommonformof corrosionproduclis the resultof an electro-ctsttical
exposedsurfacesof the heatexchanger'
reactionandformsas a scaleon ion-containing,
to the basemetalof the heattranslel
Thisscaleproducesan addedthermalresistanc
sudace.

o
t
o
o
)

o
t

I
t
i:r:

: : : ti : , : :

I
t

:r.:

.,: l; ,, : ,..,,:

l i . .ri. i: t, , . i. ,

l,
'

,'
l

of the relatirthnnalresis"tance
lt alsopermitsexamination
whereloulingpredominates.
coefficientequation.Theoecan{pd,
heat
transfer
overall
introducedbv fte differenttermsin the
to
reducethedfect of{outing'tt dso
potential
dnnges
deslgn
are
there
to the deignir, wtrere
for
permibthJde6rmhationof thearirountof heattransfersurfaceafea'ftathasbeeriassigned
lnappropriately
specifiedto providesaletytactors
afe somtims
iouling.Higherfoulingresistances
and/or
theasfualoperatingconditions,
in the heathansfercalculation,
to accountlor uncertainties

'

,'

I
I
a

o
o

Theyshouldbe clearlyidentifiedas
in fre frculingresislances.
butttteyitroutOriotUemaskeO
fuors in the deoig calculations.
appropriate

)
|)

o
10-26
1 ;. . ; l; ! . . . 1 .; ; ;1, ,

@TubularEtdrangr llanufactulcrt Associetion,Inc.

' :; ;":,:

rnrrY.tdnao|g
'.,

'l

t
I

RECOITiIEiIDED
GOODPRACNCE

o
t
o
a
a

sEgnotro

is combinedandno longercanbe iffied s

JTistances'ln efect, the'foulingfor theo<cfranger
belonging
to onsldeor theomr.
ln orderto examinethe effectof foulingonthe pressuredrop,it 'is Inscssary
'vvvq' t for
'e lhe
u prffra*r b
supplytie anticipated
thid<nesses
of eacfrof tie foutingia6.
BGP.T.2.31PHYSICALCO.NSID
ERATIONS
A) Properties
Of FluldsAndUsualpropensityForFouling
is thefluidard the condirrons
Jhe_mostimportantconsideration
whentrpmdrces
f'ouling.At timesra pr@essmodification
canresultin conditi<ms
0rarae'lessIGry ro
causefouling.

B) SurfaceAndBulkTernperafures
Formanykindsof fouring,.as
he temperatures
increase,
-buit_.up-;*d;fr*"
the amouotcf fur,g
increases'Lowertemperatures
prodJceslowertouting
ftd ofterl
areeasierto remove,
C) LocalVelocilies
highreducesthetendencyto four.Verocflies
Ig-"tty, kepingthe\rerocities
on tc
tubesidearerimited
by.erosion,
andontheshertsloeoyn'cr*-inatJGrai*.
Stagnantandrecircutarion
regionson tfreshelts."l;;
b ;";;;;id'.
D) TubeMaterial,Configuration
AndSurfaceFinish
Theserec{inn
of fubemateriaris significantwhenit comesb corosbn. sfi." th&
of
biorogicar
fo.mngcanbe resser*doy copper-oearifiu*rJJJ].
t
G"r,
differences
betr,vee-n
finnedandpraintudiig. su*ad iinid ilb;
$;, b hfrence
therde of foufingandthe easeof deaningl
E) HeatExcftanger
Geome{ry
AndOrientation
S.*r.".try
g:,ry{loll"l
Ih".
of theflourson
l*!:ohanger caninfluencethe uniformity
"
the
tubesideand

a
I

a
I
J

rhesherr
side.TheeasJofcreaning
;-ba;;iry

ilfr'd;

ilil"
orientationof the heat exchanger.
F) HeatTransler process
The fouling resistanceslor the sarne lluid can be.considerably
differentdepenttingupon

condensing.
",
G) FluidPurityAndFreedomFrornContamination
{o+.nytos
9r! q1_oLlo1*g inherentimpuritieshat candeposiroutas,afoutinglayer.,,
ol
actas cqtaryq.s
to thefoutingprocesses.tt is often
r"
eliminate
thefoulingconstituents
by filters.
"*""[i*]rv
"tGJi*

o
o

wherher
heatis beingtransfened
rhrough
sensibre
h";ilg;il;ii;g,'uoiiing,

o
t

I
o

l) FluidTrstnentTo ReduceFoullng

I
I

, ffiffiisffTheJlilry
$iiffi
$"#ffiillfl?:*
il"r5ffi$ffi
ey
tre
useofthese
trearmenb
isairodua
quJiry
ffi;;;;

I i''""

t
t ,
o
I

ffig,ff*.
i" .;lr'"'J)**tofi:t#fr:*r*ti'eyp-1o:*,f:T9lo"nuit*#co*os,;n,*d-*ai*ftG6,ij,,r
"
to providecathodicprotectionin the design.
le plannedCleaningMethodAndDesiredFrequency

rdtclrd
,.:,.:ii: JT.P;js!:tfftl'sH,I,sJl$gq,b! thedesigngage

s afewhetheritr
wilbedoheaF
'#ilihlffi#,i,ffi
ififfi
fffi:
d{J;ffi
lTrg'Tfgqffi
andpiping
atso
r"$ il;;i;;J;ffiilR;

ffi:ffi1'atuin.g,

l}

o
o

, '',; ' ...

t ,.r

O
t

L) PlaceTheMoreFoulingFtuidOnTheTubeSlle
Thereareturobenefitsfiun pracingthe moreburingfluidon the
fubesr.re.Thereb rc.s
*

. , ; . ,, , i. .

C
l 'iri.i,t,' TT'lf's

*$:,--Hj.'

danger
oftowvdociry
orstagnant
i;; r"gi";;;;d#ib" ;d;ft-ffi#ff
@TubularExchangorManulacftrrucAssociation,Inc.

,tn

o
o

GOODPRACTICE
RECOMMENDED

sEcTloN10

o
a

to cleanthetube
easirto cleanfte tubesidethantheshellside.lt is oftenpossible
to removethe bundleto
sidewitr the exchangerin placewhileit maybe necessary
deantheshellskle.
RGP-T-251
ECONOlllcooNslDERAnoNs
plannedfoulingprevention,
fur
andcleaningmakepossiblelo'werallowances
maintenance
frequency
of
The
amount
and
costs.
fouling,butdo involvea commitnentto ongoing
wifi userandoperation.
deaningvariesconsiderably
involvedin decidinguponthe amo.rr of foulingdloste
Them6t significantparameters
thd sfrorldbe prwidedarethe operdionalandeconomiciactorsthatfiange withtime.
firstcostsandoperatingcosts,ditferentcleaning
Ngrfluid teatnenb, c'tranging
prmeduresandthe degreeof paybacklor longerperkrdsof beingonslreamshouldbe
Failureto
loulingresistance.
an appropriate
sorneof the itemsevaluatedin determining
mondarypenaltiesfot
mayleadto unnecessary
indudethe economicconsiderations
touling.
of theirheat
concemedaboutfoulingcontinuallymonitorthe performance
Cornpanies
for
theirownguidelines
foulingexperience
anddevelop
to estabtish
exchangers
newequipment
foulingresistance
to specifywhenpurchasing
theappropriate
determining
Almostwery sourceol coolingwaterneds to be treatedbeforeit is usedfor heal
e<drangerservice.Thetreafnenlrangeslromsimplebiocideadditioflto controlbblogical
treatmentol brackishwaterto rendrit suitablefor use.Theamount
louling,to Substantial
ad substitutesourcesof coolingmustbe sought.Wittl
of treatnentmaybe uneconornical
quality
canbe improvdto thepointthatfoulingshotldbe
the
of
water
todat'stec*rnology,
andsurfacetemPerafures
underconfol as longas flowvelocitiesaremaintained
controlled.

DEstcl{FouuNc REslsrAl.lcEs(HRFf 'FIBTU)

RGP-T-2.4
The purchasershouldattemptto select an optimalfouling resistancethat will result in a minimurTl
sum of fixed, shutdownand cleaningcosts.The followingtabulated\raluesof fouling resistances

requirernents
with
sothatit willmeetperformance
theheatexchanger
allowfor oversizing
not
recognize
thelime
These
values
do
and
between
shutdowns
cleaning.
intervals
reasonable

o{ particular
relatedbehaviorof foulingwith regardto specilicdesignand operationalcharacteristics
heatexchangers.

a
t
I
O

o
o
a
I

o
I

o
o
t

o
o
)

o
)

t
0

t, ,.,, , , ri
.l ,1,i it ,i,'
"

i,
...,.,:;:l,''.

',,,
, '' 1:,r,
,1,':,,1,

'
,; ;:..i',"' ",, ''.

.i.:i;,ifi1t
.tt,t ;::,,;, ,:,L,',,';',';,:

I
t,

.:..l:1r.
:i:1:.,:,l,.,,:, , : :l , : .,,

:::.:l:::j
: :

;::.:

:,:

o
o

':.

: : : : : ' ' : : : : : J '

: :

1G28
.'.''

llanufacturss
@Tubuhr Er<c-hanger
,

Association, Inc.

www.tcllllorg
'l

o
t

a
)

RECOiliIENDED
Gq)D PRACTTCE

|D

SECNOflIO

FoulingReslstencsior IndustrialFlulrls

o
t

IHTP

a
a

OIIF

0.m1
olpt
0.0(x

I
C
l

o.ot0

0.{}t0

0.0005

o
t
a

0.002
0.001

o.001

t
t

0.005

0.0005

0.001.

0.010

o
t

IndustrialOrganicHeatTransferMedia
.! r otltg ugulo

AmmoniaUquid(Oil Bearing)

',,.. ,,.

|"

.,1,
O .,,.,,.:

I
a

, ' : , , ., .: . , : r ' , , .

::.:,.,

t
O

't"tt':.

a
I

a
o

orGl
0.m3

' '

'

0.001
0.0-@1r,'.
1.:,,111,;,,,,

0.002

O t, 1,,,,,...
O

Q.Q Q I,. :; : , ' , .

0.009

0.ml
0.m2

''

0.fir!
g.0@.ii,i-..'t,;i:i

sEcnoN10

o
o

GOODPRACNCE
RECOI'I'ENDED

o
o

FoullngRsslstanceoFor ClremlcalProcesslngStreame
GasesAndVapors:
AcirdGases

0.002-0.(m

SolventVapors

0.001

Stable OverheadPrcduds

0.001

a
I
I
I

Liquids:

MEAAndDEASolutircns

0.002

DEGAndTEGSohnions

0.002

0.001-0.00e
CausticSotutions

0.002

VegetaHeOils

0.003

lt

a
I

GasesAndVapors:

0.001.0.002

I
I

0.0014.002
Liquids:

o
C

0.001-0.002

RichOil

0.001-0.002

o
t
{
)
)

a
a

o
I

a
I

o
I

o
O
1o30

@TubularExchangertanufa6trcnB Assoclirtion,Inc.
I

:ji

.::

.:

.:

::i

.::

::;'::

:.

: : ::':.

,,

wvw.tdnaofg
:

:r

:r:

t
t
I

o
)

v' o
I

o
t
a

sEc[t(x{ro

RECOTIMENDED
GOODPRACNCE

'}

FoulingRedstancosFor Oll RelinerySfeams

AtnosphericTowerOverhead
Vapors

0.ml
0.ml

VacuumOverhead
Vapors

o.w

o
I

250to 350"F
VELOCITYFTISEC

a
4

t
o

24

>4

24

DRY

0.002

0.003

0.002

0.002

SALT*

0.002

0.00s

0.fix

0.(pl

a
I

o
I

o
a

450"Fandover
VELOCIryFT/SFC
4

24

>4

24

>4

0.003
SALTI
0.006
0.005
*Assumesdesalting@ approx'250" F

0.005

0.007

0.006

0.006
0.002
0.@2-0.oot!

{}

t
I
a

t
I

a
c
a
t
a
t

Light Gas Oil

0.002t.003

HeawGasOil
AsphaltAndResiduum:
10.010
..,,::r:,::
:

0.007
Cracking
AndCokinqUnitSbeams:

,.
0.002

UgfrtCycleOil

.:

o(xxz{r.0(B

, , HearyQ)pleOil',

,9.@99,90!,,,,
"

b.08{
HeavyCokerGasOil

0.00dHt.(ffi
..

LightLiquidProducts

o.m ,
o.{nz

o
o
o

@TubularExcNranger
tanufacturcrs Association,Inc,

to$l

sEcnoil 10

ot

ol

RECOTIMENDED
GOODPRACNCE

,l

FoulingResistancoeFor Oll RcflnerySteams- contlnud

ReformerCharge

0.0015

BeformerEfiuent

0.0015

HydrocrackerChargeAnd Efflunf

0.002

RecydeGas

0.001

fl
rl

rl

ol
tl
ol

0.002
OverheadVapors

0.001

LiquidPoductOver50' A.P.l.
LiquidProduct
30 - 50 " A.P.l.

0.001

rl
ol
.l
rl

0.002

fl

Streams:
LightEndsProcessing
OverheadVaporsAndGases

ol

0.(x)1

,l
fl

0.001
Absorption
Oils

0.(X)2{.0tr}

AllqylationTrace Acid Streams

0.002

ol
fl
rl
ol

Reboiler
Streams
Streams:
LubeOilProcessing
0.002
Solvent Feed Mix

0.002

Solvent

0.001

Raffinate

0.00'l

rl

ol

'l

rl
.l
.l

Asphalt
:' ''r!

wa* Sluniesr

0.003

Refined Lube Ol

0.001

rl

Visbreaker:

tl

el

0.@3

, 0 , 0 1 0 ':

NaphthaHydrotreater:
,,01003
I ,,

--

E{fluent

0.002

Naphthas

0.002

'
'

::

::..
@Tubuhr Exchanger llanutacturors Assoclailon, Ina
:.

umu.tdmao|g

:l

.l

OverheadVapors

10Z

'::

al
ol
.l

ol
rl
ol
OI

rl

rl
rl

ol
)l

RECOMMEITIDED
GOODPRACNCE

('

a
o

sEcIKrl0

FoullngResistrnco ior Oll RefineryStroamE- con$nuod

a
o
I

o
I

a
D

FoulingReslstancesFor Water

UpTo240"F
TanperafureOf Water

19

I
I
I
t

Over 3
Sea Water

0.0005

Untreated

rD
t

Minimum

Averaoe

0.001

0.003

0.003

0.005

0.0(N

0.002

MuddyOr Silty

Hard(Over15 Graine/Gal.)
jrl
EngineJre*et

0.002

0.001

0.003

0.002

0.0m

0.002

0.004

o(m

0.m5

0.0(F

0.003
:

0.003

',.6ggi .,

':
' , b,ooi'
.'

1' ,1,',p,0005,,
,,,

0:0005

0.0005 ,

0.001

oii005

0.001

0.0m

0.002

0.002

o.oor

4.ffifli:i

Dis'tilled
Or ClosedCyde

,'.

:
.

t,,',,,

l.',, ,
, ' .i .

,,

'

'0.--QQg;,.
i
_
o't"t 't'

':

OIIE!

be modifiedaccordingly.

I
(t
b

0.001

0.001

o
o
o

0.0005

CoolingTowerAndArtificiat
SprayPond:

o
(D
a

O\rer125' F

125'F

t:t.l
,

j'..1.

:.

:,

: '

l: :: :;:.:' :

::j:::

. .:: ''.;tj:l1.lt,'

www.tqna,org

@TubularExchangortanufucturcrs Associrilon, Inc.

lo.il3
.: .::tr. ,.. r:
:i.
r, ,::,r ir.:t.:i: I.i:
r ::r:.:.:;:l: :;1 :1.

sEcTloN10

a
o
o
o
t

GOODPRACNCE
RECOIIMENDED

o
I

(}

a
I

I
!'

o
I
e
I

a
t
o
l

o
0

t
I
I
)

o
J
:

.,

:.:.:.:..

..

::

.r

::

:.

;:

:.:::

lD
@TubularE (changorManulacturcrsAssoclatlon,Inc.

www.tena.olg

e
I

o
t

TUBESHEETS

o
t]

APPENFfiA

NOI.I.TAIIDATORY
rury91991O- TUBESHEETS
Thefoflol'ving
ruleshavebeeninqt]dedqs designmethodfor trbeshee,ts
for heatexchar{prstiat are .'
?
designedperASMEcode.rt is notinrended
thatfr;-;G-be
usedi"
t" A-dili desbnnd6s
"dditi"n

o
o

a
I

a.
f

a
t

o
I

a
O

o
I

a
I
t

I
e
t
t

':' ';,t
. . , , ,'

t.:,,
,..,

,
, ',,::,,1..

i
}

,t

'',

t'l

a
e
a
a
o
o

l:, t

,t..

'-:

t.

www.tqna.org

@TlbularExchangerllanufecfurcrc Associalbn, Inc.

Al

TUBESHEETS

APPENDIXA

FORIIUI.A- BENDING
A13TTUBESHEET

-I = - FGfF
l-

3 \ltrs

wfiere
T = Effectivetubeshee{thftr(ness,in. (mm)
S= Codeallowablestressin tenion,psi (kPa),for fubesheetmaterialat desig
(seeParagraph
RCB-1;42)
mtaltemperatures
(TypeP),P shallbeas delinedh
Foroutsidepackedfloatingheadexcfiangers
psi
(kPa).
Paragraph
A..|41,
withlantemringfifpe W),f'orthefloding
Forpac*edfloatingendexcfiangers
Paragraph
A'142,psi (kPa).
tubesheet,
P shallbe as definedin
A.153'
P shallbeas definedin Paragraph
exchangers,
Forfixedtubesheet
psiftPa).
4.154,or A.155,
P shallbe rhedes(p pressure,shellskJeor tube
Forotrer typeexchangers,
side,conectedfor vacuumwhenpresenton theoppositeside,or differential
psi (kPa).
pressurewhenspcifiedby fte purchasr,
wherethe
tubesheets
For U-tubetubesheets(fype U) andfrorstationary
oppositetubesheetis a lloatingtubesheet,wtlerethe tubesheetis extendedas a
flangefor boltingto headsor shellswithringtypegaskets,P psi ftPa) is givenby
the greatestabsolutevalueof tte following:
For a tubesheetweldedto the channeland extendedas a flange for
boltingto the shell, P is the greatestabsolutevalue of (P, + Pa) orP,
For a tubesheetweldedto the shelland extendedas a flangelor bolting
to the channel,P is the greatestabsolutevalueof (P,+ Pil or P"

o
o

a
)

o
I

a
.o

a
I

o
t
o

o
a
a
J

a
o
t

a
o
a

0
t
t

e
o
t

@TubularExchangerManufaclurcrsAssoclatlon,Inc.

t
I
t
I

o
l

TUBESHEETS

o
o
a

APFCTDD(A

c str3ftug eitherinrhecorodedor unconoded

condition,dependent
uponwtrk*r
conditionis underconslderation.
Forfkedfubesheetexchangers,
G shallbethe shellinsidediameF.
Forketfletypeexctangers,G shallbetheporthsidediameter.
Foranyfloatingtubesheet(exceptdivided),G shallbe fre
G usedbr the
stationary
tubesheetusingthep as definedfor othertypee(changers.
TtrpeT fubesheebshailalsobe checkedusingthe pressurep
defrred&ore
G = witr
boltingandusingthe actualgasketG of ti"i[Iting tub"rh""t
Fora dividedfloatingtubesheet,G shailbe.1.41(d)udrere
-'- d i$tfie kngft d tE
shortestspanmeasuredovercentertinec
of gastieis.
Forothertypeexchangers,
Gshallbethediameter,in. (mm),overwftichfe
pressureunderconsideration ac{ing.(e.g.pressure
actingon fte gskeled
_is

o
t

a
I
O
I

g*"*

::o:g-1y,1".1f:9=:f
p*o*" ;;
as
defined
inrhecode.

ain6mcation
orttresasrer
toad
reacrion

;;fiil

;ifigo]Xffi

theinsidediameterof the integralpreslrr" part.) "

;1i.1?*"n*

tube*reets,
(e.g.U-tube
tubesheets)
gEskered
bdr sil$;

t
t
I

a
O

t:.go

1 .2 8

1.201

1 . 1 5|
: lilOl
1.05|

t.ooI

0.m
o.75

O.0O O.Ot, 0.OA O.Og O.O-f 0.05

0.06

0-07 : O.O8 O.O9

1,.'.
IIOTE lf thetubesheet
NOTE:
thetuOestreet
is intgOraf
integralwm
withOot tne t.rOeslObandtre $rdl si&,
s

WalThic{mess
andtDarero
oeoaseo
onrre;di;ffi;ffi;A*

t
a

See Table A.lgi lor illuslmtionof fte appllcationof the above

equations.

o
t

a
C

o
t

:, : ,,:,,

t.,l
,,-,.'

rvrYw.loma.org
@TubularExchangerllanulecturereAssoclatinn,Inc.
t
:11:ri:'i.:,,, ,, 1t .1.'i;,,',,,,,,
,.'..t ,,t, , i .'

&3

1';,

t
t

o
'o
o

TUBESHEETS

APPENDIXA

TABLEA.131

I
t

o
I

t
)

a
I

r
I

a
o
a

t
O

o
t

I
)

tt::j::

c
I
I
?

a
a
o
o

i, ..:,
:'',,,',

, A-1
::

t:: :: ::

i,,:l:

'i:t

,::: .:.:

.:,':,,

:i ri

1,,,,i! .,,

ExchangerlllanufacturcFAssociation,lnc.
@Tubular

a
t
I
I
t

o
l

-T
I

TUBESHEENi

o
o
o

APFEID(A

'AELEAI
F

See FigureA.131

a
o

n-rc0(J-

GasketG
shellside

l2

Se6note1

ChannellD

Des(p preserq;EftPa),sheleidec
tubeside,perAlsl
c'onectedfuwfin
whenpres&l gl
oppmitesllec
differentidpresrrc
whenspecifiedby ]
customer.
I

\ID

Note: F Max= 't.2S ShelllD port

or
F Min= 1.OO insidediameter
for kettletype
el(changers

a
t

O
I
t

ShelllD or port
insidediameter
for kd0e tlpe
excfiangers

GasketG
tubeside
Seenote1
ChannellD

-.4

til

1.0

Designpressure,
poi
(kPa),sftellsib,or
tubesidq per
Paragraph
Alil
corrected
for vaorum ]
yvhen
presenton
I
cpposite
sideor
I
Jifferential
pressure I
'vhenspecifiedby
I
xistorner.
I

uameu as usedfor stationary

tubesheet

t
t

1.0

I
O

o
t

(*)

l"

-\
t.
.':, t

centerlinesol gad<ets.

., ,, ,' . .1;

-t

..t:- .,

1.41@)
' ."1'o : 'dl{i ==Short6t
spanmeasured
over

..,,1l ;,
r..l. ,

5tt,

r=

see Paragraph
AiSl
,,i

.:,,1
' ,,i:;,:,:,:, ' t .,.,.,.i.;l
,1
,

1:0,

::: .1-

t
a

e
e
a

t
I

(t)
t

Shll Side Pressure TubeSidsPresswe

,i',in

',,,'.,, . ., 'i",,:i
,..,:..i

'r,"1,il:'

.ii:t :. ,.

'',

: r:

sarnec as usedfoi shtionary

tubesheet
t.:

.:.

1.0

':.,:'.it:,,
'

,:i

,:

:,.: , !', .

IOesignpesswe,gl
|(kPa),shellside,ortr$'e ,
Iside,perParagraplr
rA"lSlconecbdtr
r/acuumwhst Fseflt.s
oppclbside,.ql ,.,
press$e
ditferential
I
whenspecffied
by
I
customer.
I

1,,
,.,,;.; :i, i ,t4,,.,,i
;,,,,,,

,,1

Design
pressure,F=(kP4,tubesieper

Paragrdph
Af Sl
corectedformrn
wtrenpresdntmtte ; I
shdl cl{a

DefinedinFqtdl

oi!1ot'l,
'lu
,,,,,,.
i
i;r,

, i : . , t . , , :I
,ti .: ,il ,. ll

www.tema.org

@TubularExchangertanufaeturst Assochtlon, Inc.

A.E

J
TUBESHEETS
FORMULA.
SHEAR
A.132TUBESHEET

' (,0.31D,rP\
4)\s/
-

'I

=------------!-l

o
o
o
I

['-o#J

where
thickness,
in.(mm)
tubesheet
| = Effective
LN

in. (mm)
of thetubecenlerlimitperimeter,
diameter
D, - -:: - Equivalent
"C
in increments
of onetubepitch
( = Primeter
stepwise
of tfietubelayoutmeasured
tubes,in.(mm). FigureA.132showsthe
of theoutermosl
fromcenter-to-center
andsquaretubepatterns
to typicalhiangular
application
FIGURE
4.132

I
I

o
a
I

I
t

a
)

t
t
O

I
:i::

il: r

,ir.ti:i:,i :liiir ,,, ,,., ,":t:,.1:',';,',,

$=
NOTE:Shear

t
a
a

'

.See

o
)

t
o
I

o
t

-I|

I
{D

o
t

TUBESHEETS

APPEIIITXA

TABLEA.I32

a
o
o
a
I

a
I

0
f
o

o
I
t

c
o
I

(')

I
I

a
0

e
o
0

a
o
I

o
t

t
O

1}

o
o

,J'r.r:rrv'yi1et":e8.,,
ornc,.,
.u.r,,,j,,.@,tsularExlir?nse{mffi**^"i.9y.1l1
;
.,,.::,ji.,.i

APPENDIXA

TUBESHEETS
TABLEA.132Continued

e
o
a
o
I

a
o
o

I
I

t
('

t,
I
I
o
,

;t ,,,'; 1,,..",

:i, .t,:

O
A
' : .4: : , ,

o
i

o
t

o
a
O

a
a
t

a
O
I

t
I

TUBESHEETS

APPE}IDIXA

A.I33TUBESHEET
FORI'ULA. ruBESHEETFLANGED
EXTENSION
Thisparagraph
is applicable
onlywhenbottloadsaretransmitted,
at theboficade.to
theextendedportionof a tubesheet.Theperipheralportionextendedto fumra flarge
for bofting
to headsor shellswithringtypegasketsmaydifferin thickness
tan th*
portioninsidetheshellcalculated
in paragraph
A.131.Theminimum
fridfiEssdtt|e
extended
portionmaybecalculated
fromihe following
equation.

u(r'-t*3.7rrr lnrl1"'
_
| __l__
2i' = 0.981
______J I
IL s (\ z - c )/ {\ t + t . 8 6 r| ' ?| )
)

where
f,= Minimum
thickness
portion,in.(mm)
of theextended
A - Outside
diameter
of thetubesheet,
in.(mm)
A
G
=
M
thelargerofM1orM2asdefined
in paragraph
A.152.
NorE: Themomentsmaydifferfromthemomentsactingon the attached6ange.
,9andG aredefinedin Paragraph
4.131.

t
o
o
..

o
t
t

I
e
I

I.,

'
:, ,
I ..i:,

'

,, ,:.' ,,,,,
,:,,

i;:.:
,:: j: r : .: ,r,il:..il

- :','l ' '

t,, .l;'

;
]

i:: ,r , 1,,.,:.,:i,r:;

: ii, ;:, ' , :, rr' :r':.:

:1

:::.

:;:.:):.::

I
a
I

o
I

.t t.' ,,.;,. 'l:t

blllExcha;serltli"llt""t1,1,l,T,*-"ociatiol,
lnc:,
A-9
,,.:,.i'....,;,;.?,,1
,::,.. ' ; , , . : , r
i
,,,.,i::..,,,,,::1, : l : : , , . :: I : , : :

TUBESHEETSI

APPENDIXA

PRESSURE
EFFECTIVE
TYPEE(CHAI'IGEFS
TUBESHEET
A14 PACKEDFLOATING
AI41 OUTSIDEPACKEDFLOANNGHEAD(fYPE P)
wtrosefloatingheadsarepac*dat theodside
of trbesheetsin o<cfrangers
Thethir:kness
diametrol thetubesheetor a cylindrkElextensionthereotshallbecalculatedlike
tubesheetsusingttrefonnulasforP as definedbelow.
stationary
- BETIDING
DESIGN
PRESSURE
A1411 EFFECTIVE
A.131b
Theeffectivedesignpressureto be usedwiththeformulashownin Paragraph
given by:

p =p' +,lr:s(n' o,')(on)]

"L
DF'G'
I

a
I
t
t

psi ftPa),tubeside
Designpressure,
(Forvacuumdesign,P, is negative.)

0
t
o

P" = Ilesignpressure,psi (kPa),shellside

(Forvacuumdesign,P" is negative.)

a
t
o

in. (mm)
diameter
of thefloatingtubesheet,
D = Outside
A as definedin ParagraphA.132

where
Pr=

o
o

e
t

a
I

I
o
I
o

t
o
I
':

o
A1O
',

@TubuhrExctanger MmufacturrsAssocietion'Inc.
1:

www.tsm"qg

o
t

-[

TUBESHEETS

t
t

APPEIEUA

A,I5 FIXEDTUBESHEET
EFFECNVE
PRESSURE
ThisParagraph
shatlapplyJoxcl-"Lsg"
having.tubesheets
fixedto bothendsof thestrefl.
nlh ',
withouta sheilexoansion
iointexcepiasrequireioipermittedby.paragraph
A.3. Bothttedc*
sharrrave

iliffig$i:ffi:*"ansers

a
o
o
o

thisame
thickness,
uiress
m-e
otpaqnprr
iroveions

Forrixedtubesheet
exchangers,
themutuaily
interdeeildenj
roads
exerted
tubes,
andsherareoefined
intermsoreq;iiai;ni"-.!gr.gi"ga""id;;;;ff,onthetubesheeb,
A.151through
A.1s5toruseinp"tagrads-Ajti'Jio n rrz. Thesepressures par{,,*.s
sha[abobeused
(with"/ =1)in paragraphs
A.zz,e.zi aia Aisto as"esstre needforanexpansion
joint.The
themost
adverse
opeiating

$nt#fftg!:r:nsider

conoirions
i;"ird;;

ffi iu"rcnaser.
rsee

4.151EQUIVALENT
DIFFERENTIAL
EXPANSION
PRESSURE
Thepressure
dueto differential
thermalexpansion,
psi(kpa),is givenby:

(D
I

0
I
o
t

-/ = 1.0for shellswithoutexpansion
joints

I
I

S,L+ r(Do-t,)t,E,

a
I

t
I

''
'.'tl

. ,: t'j'-:l l

o
o

'

,, ,.,: :tt; i ,n,

, : .,,i.'. ' i,i

,i:ifffi:.Gareas
nphn tat, ,r ,.-:,:,, ,,...,
{efirred,.inrpa-'

:'
.., t i':

:t,.,,1:,.1

t
o
?

t
,' ,.. * tt',

,i,,i .. ' t t l ,l .t1

, :,i;..i, ,:'.., i ,.:

.;.i,

r1,;.

t
o
o
(}

t
'}

. I i,i ...,

',,t?lnt
S,,'i

;:,,::. l1;l , ,,, ,

.; .'l-,l,tir. ,.',,

, . :.- .,i,,:.j
.i lj,

,i l1:;:r.;.i',:.iu:..l,:l.l";.:..:..:''.i..l.'."...'..1.=l.:.;..i...'...:...|'

t'
,, :'t;ut.. .

,,i,'l#:',,

ruBESHEETS

APPENDIXA

o
t

thicknessued,butnotlessthan98'5%of thgreaterof thevdues

| = Tubesheet
in evalu-atingFq
A.131orA.132.fihevalueassumed
definedbyParagraph
valuewithiria toleranceof t 1'5%).
mustmatchthefrnalcornputed
SeeNote(2).
faces,in.(mm).
innertubesheet
between
l, = Tubetengith
growth(shell-fubes),in.(mm).
lL = Differentialthermal
T-4.5).
(SeeSection7, ParagraPh
Lt = TrSelengthbetweenoutertubesheetfaces,in. (mm).
psiftPa).
at meanmetaltemperature,
of theshellmaterial
E.= Elastbmodulus
SeeNote(3).
(SeeParagraph
RCB-I.4{}1).
E, -

a
I
I
I

a
(}

Elasticmodulusof the tube matsrial

(SeeParagraphRCB-I'/132).

psi ftPa).
E = Elasticmodulusof thetubesheetmaterialat meanmetaltemperature,
(SeParagraph
BO&l./ttlz).

a
I

tubesintheshdl.
ff = Numberof

Notes:

Do =

Outsidediameterof the shdl or port for ketdetype exchangers'in. (mm).

la =

Outsidcdiamterof the tubes (for integrallyfinned tubes, d4is root diameterof

fin), in. (mm).

t, =

Tubewall thickness(for integrallyfinnedtubes,tr is wallthicknessunderfin)' in.

(mm).

in. (mm).
lor kedetypexctangers,
or portwallihickness
Strellwallthickness

(1) J canbeassumed
equalto zeroforshellswithexpansion
iointswhere

. =---fiT-(4-r,)t,E,
di

(2) Tubesheets
are overloaded
(3)

0
o

a
I
I
.

: :

: : ; . : . i , : . . ,

] ' : :

: :

t
a
!

o
?

:,::l I

t:: ],t,,

,,,,

,.

'

,,, , ,i

@TubularExc{rangerllanufeclurcrs Associatlon,lnc.

,"12
'i,'r.i
ii

r:

ll
,,,

l:,.i
1i.,.,

uru^{.tgma.org
l

t
o
o
o
I

-U

c
a
a
a

TUBESHEETTi

APPEIDD(A

AI52 EQUIVALENT
BOLTING
PRESSURE
whenfixedtubeshets
areextendedfor boltingto headswi,hringtl'e gaffi,
o<tension
andthatportionot thetubsheebtnsidethestrellmaydiffermrrffil t
rrre
extensionsfiallbe designedin accordance
rirrith
put"gr"phAi;i. it'. #.aarr" mdnent
acthg uponthetubesheete)dension
shallbe accounleo't-in *o""qu"rrt p"rqn+t i
tems o1equivalent
fubesicleandshellsidebottingpressure",,t i,.ttli"'O.n
*, "
"a
6.2M.
--- -l

a
o

Pe,=

F, G,

o
s
o

_
P"' =

6.2M.,
F2 G3

n4'tere
,F and G are definedin paragraphA.1Al

o
I

Mt =

Total momentacting upon the sdensigl.unler oRerating

conditkrrs,<tefrredby
the Codeas M0 underflangedesign,tbf-in(mm-itt1.

M2 -

Total momentacting upon the extensionunder bolting-up

conditirrs, dethed by
fte Godeas Mo underflarge design,lbf-in(mm*N).

pD, =

Equivargntbortingpressure wtrentube side pressure is

acting, psi

Pa" =

{.F4_
Equivarentbortingpressurewhen tube side pressure is not
acting,pi (kpa).

,.

t
t

t
o

'j.
I

-Pd-l+
or p =1'
2

;:: ':: i

Pa
or p -Px+

:
,.',,,. ,

" ,i

t' ,.,,

t u..,:

c
t
a

, , .: l l , . ,

:i :.,

l,r,rl

p,=

"

,,,i,,..
.,

,t

.;,1

,r,;i

' i,r ,l:'

,1t1,i;,:,;.

a
t
, ,' :

4|
|

.
'..:_L '
P" -

2
oi p-n, .'pr

u,ftefe

',

::,'r:;, uti,,,
,..

f ,

r':

-''

'

L t z / \ .c '

I+JKF|

'

'/

.__

r-l

. l _IJ
|

.: r

'
Shellsidedesignpressure,psi ftpa) (Forvao.lumdeslgn,p,
is rrcgdfruey

,,

., . . _.G.=Insidediameterof thesfiell,in. (mm)

i..'
.';1,, ,.iii.;,,,

(D

a
o
o
o
o

'r,,-..,,ry'*T"'91g.

@TubularExchangcrllanufucturersAssociation,Inc.

AFl3

TUBESHEETS

APPENDIXA

jointinsidediameter,
in.(mm)
Maximum
expansion
jointis present)
q = G whenno expansion

Di:

Othersymbolsareas definedunderParagraphs
A.151-and
A.152.
Notes:
(1) Algebraic
signof {' mustbeusedabove,andmustbe retained
for usein Paragraphs
A.154,A.155,4.156,4.22
and4.23.
(2) WhenJ=4 formulae
containing
P7willnotconlrol.
(3) DeletethetenflPa"in theaboveformulae
for usein Paragraph
A.132.
(4) Forkettletype,G : portinsidediameter.
PRESSURE
A.ls,f EFFECilVETUBESIDEDESIGN
pressure
is to betakenas ttregreatestabsolute
Theeffective
tubesidedesign
valueof the
following:
P,'+ Pr,+ Po
P=

whenPr' is positive

P,'* Pu,

orP:

o
a
o
o
a
I

o
I

a
o
a
o
0
I
t

P,'- Pi+Pr,+Po
.

^l

wnenr" ts negalrve

t
I

Pt-Pt+P

' P,:

psi(kPa)(Forvacuum
design,
P,is negative.)
Tubeside
designpressure,

r=

r-Nl

\G

G:

,r. \2

to-tt'

/ )
JI

,1

,) |
- | l + 0 . 4 J r r ( 1 . 5f +
r .' ll |
I
+
J
K
F
^
|
Lrl

I
)

lnsidediameterof the shell,in. (mm)

for usein
(1) Algebraic
signof P,' mustbe usedabove,andmuslbe retained
A.155,A.156,X22,and4.23. :
Paragraphs
tZl Wn". "l: O;
containing
Pawillnotcontrol.
a) Formulae
: l : r , l r : r,

a
)

a
)

o
t

t
I
a
I

(3)
(4) Forkettletype,C = portinsidediameter.
':.:':.':
'
:!,

,:': ,

o
t

(}

A-14

Assoclatlon,lnc.
ExchangerManufactuterc
@TubulSr

o
o
a

T
I

TUBESHEETS

APPETIDIXA

4.155EFFECTIVE
DIFFERENTIAL
DESIGN
PRESSURE
undercertaincircumstances
thecodeandotrerreguratory
bodiespermit
'The desi$ qt rhe
basisof simultaneous
actionof bothsheilandtubeiide pressures. effia#
differential
designpressure
forfixedtubesheeb
undersuchcircumstances
isb beHoerl
as thegreatest
absolute
valueof thefollowing:

o
I

p = p,'-p!+p^

o
I

t
I

or

P=P"-P!

or

P= p*

or

P tD
P-'Bs'Ld

lD

e
o

+P*+Po
)

.,

I
f
o

c
t

P,,

a
o
ro
t

t
I

o
0

,,.

,,

,..: .,,la

I
t

,;:'..,,',j,

lf
lc
lo
t

,,.t,;:,"

l,

,,V,and,Smrrst
,dtleqerh :l
t uelredres oi

,t,i ,-

lf

lr

*Tl ,*..t
-.

lo

l.
lo
lo
lo
ta

Inc.

ftis
: .._rr.

.
1:

o
o
o
o

TUBESHEETS

APPENDD(A

fiat bothtubehets
A.151throughA.155assurning
(3) Galculate
ts perParagraphs
=
propertie
l'.
Lp
B
altd
of
subscript
the
have
Zr andlr as follows:
(4) Calculate
-Tt
-Tt
L L,
Lo=

o
o
o

'.[*)(+l

Lt=L-Ln

(s) RecalorlateIe perParagraphsA151 trroughA155 usingthe propertiesof subscript

A andLl fromstp4.
of subscript
A.151throughA155 usingtheproperties
TpperParagmphs
(6) Recalculate
.BandIr fromstep4.
(71 Repeatsteps4 through6 untilvaluesassumedin step4 arewithin1.5%ol thevalues
calculatedin step5 tor Taandstep6 for Tr.
Ie andrB prstg4.
incrementafd recalculate
(8) RoundT, and Is upto an appropriate
(e) Calculatetheshellandtubestressesaridthetubeto-tubeshediointloadsper
subscripted
A.2for eachtubesheetsystemusingtheappropriate
Paragraph
propatieo.
Note: Theshetlandtubestressesandtubeb'tubesheetjointloadsfor eachtubesheet
mayexist,however'
be identical.Smalldifferences
systemshouldtheoretically
in step8. Thetubestless
becauseof roundingthecalculatedtubesheetthicknesses
jointloadsfromthetwosystemsshouldbe averagdbefore
andthetube-to-tubesheet
in ParagraphA.2.
thesevaluesto the allowablevaluesas calculated
cornparing

a
I
I

t
o
I
I

a
o

: , a .|

: l :

shellslressis givenby:
Theeffectivelongitudinal

:::,.:

t
I
t
c
o
:

O
P"+ =

P1

(}

@TubulerExchangerllenufactutolt Assocldlon, lnc.

w*w.tema.ory
::

::

)
'

o
a
t

TUBESHEETS

orP"*= I

orP"* =

-P,

ofPr*=

Pr+1

orP"*=

4-Po
1- Po

e
o

orP"*=

Note(2)
Note(1)

Notes(1)and(2)
Notes(1)and(Z)

otP,* = Pr+1-Pq
where

APFEI|OD(A

Note(1)

Pr- 4-P,'
othersymbors
area.sdetinedi1 paragraphs
4.151,4.153,andA.154,usirgaq{tdsf*fl
andtubesheet
thic*nesses
andrt ining'afg"tr;iign".
Notes:

{D

o
I
a

c
I
o
o
a

I
I
a
t

-Pr ',.,,
, , , o1 t P * - =
.
orP,*= P,

0
t

o ^'-';=

I
t
I

ol Pr+=

I
:-"
Pr+j Po

orP,+=

-P, + Po

,r

t::. ., ,

Note(2)

: . . : . ' :: .
:.

,, .l

NoEs(1)and(2)

':..-::..:']:..:

Notes(t) and(2)
-

.,,0,;' ,1.,:

ii.

r.

ir

:'r:..1 : t::..tl

Notes(1)and(2)

o
,.1.I '.-rltirteit)
,i,:,,,. ..,, "

'it::',:::'
:l

:i_::::l:

: t r r . . : : ' j , t ' : , . r,

o
I

''.,';
1i'.

: ' . :, , t ,,

;,.r,;,,,i,t
,t ,,i

1t"i
,r::.,,

,.
..i,,,, 1,

"=

'" -f
\

lfrlf
"'q )

':

other synbols are as defined in Paraoranhc a lRt a {Ea ^-) A.F'

t?i, A.is:t,-and
'' ^4'154,
'*' u
q qcn.d
usirq
ffi,' srtr
crl
andtutrcshaar
*r*-**
-*T-tfg:qpi
and
tubeshet
rhrcr<rrees5
ano
retailfis;bdd; ;G;'.:'

o ',,i,,..ffi"t
@TubularExc{rangrlf,{nqfacturctt Aseociation,
--':.-t""'-'
Inc.
a
.' ; .:,.;'*t.'ii;l
,,,tri',;;,,t,
,..'i
i..',.:..,1 :r'-O

o
o
c

*1f
,, l

;,, ,,

,..,,1,,.:i:,,,i,,

TUBESHEETS

APPET{DIXA

Notes:
Ct=0.5.
(1) fffrealgebraicsign
ofP1*ispocitive,
A155.
pressuredesignperParagraph
(2) Thisformulais notapplicablefor ditferential
positive
valueol Sr
A conditionof overshesssfratlb presumedto existwhenthe larget
exceedstheCodeallowablestressintensionfor theshellmaterialat designtemperdlre,
iest,or whenthegreatestnegativevalueof S,exceeds
or 90%of yieldstressa hydrostatic
4.24.
withParagraph
in accordance
sfiessas dstermined
theallouaHeoornpressive
OFBUNDLE
SIRESS- PERIPTIERY
A24 ALLOWABLETUBECOIIPRESSIVE
psi
(kPa),
forthe tubesd theperipheryof the
tubectmpressivestress,
Theatlowable
given
by:
bundleis

t"=ffi
or

cl
I|
rr.. |
S' = - - z -l ;- ' '
,F, t

J- "( '"l

ll
', II

LI

wtren C"

I
I

o
t

o
I

kt
r

wnene

t
I

c"S v = Yieldstress,psi (kPa),ol thefubematerialat ihe designmetaltemperature-

(SeeParagraph
RCB-I.42)

of thetube,in. (mm),givenby
Radiusol gyration

r=

c
c

'

'"'+
when

trrtl

o
a
o
o

r =0.25 doz+(do-2t,)'z lseetaoteo-2.)

lengthol thetube,in. (mm).Thelargestvalue
unsupported
buckling
k I = Equivalent
tubespansshallbe used.
unsupported
considering

a
o

.,::

i,'

,; i.

F"-3.25-05Fq
.'
'
1 . , i I l : , .;

,1 t,

:.' :1,ji

t;,

stressshallbe limitedto he smallerof theCode

Note: Theallowabletubecompressive
lor
fie
fubematedalat the designmetaltemperd.lrc
stress
in
tension
allowable

I
I

, . , ,r''

, ,, 1 : i : ,

, , ]: , .''i , .' ] ' i

a
I
o
o

@TubularExchangorf,anutrctutors Ascociation,lnc.

A"l8
.::'....il ..,'ll, ,

; ,i 1:.

'. .,t

',

2.0.
-dersytnOolsareasdefinedinPamgraphA.l5l.
shallnotbelessthan1.25andneednotbetakengreabrthan
Note:
--- F"
l

'.

', .,: ,: I:

r:,i, !'lI,
::..

, : ,'

i,:11,,'l
::..:.a

:::: .:::

: : 1; : . : r

urrf,Yv.ttrrt.llg
''':

o
o
o
o
o
t

I
I

a
o
o

APPCI'IOXA

I
I
,'

Note(1)

Note(1)

o
o
o,
a

o
o
o
a

t
o
a

a
a
I

o
a
o
I
o

.,'1

',,r

,';1,,,;!

.1 ,. ;:,.1

, i' .,,,r,1

o
I

t
o
o

(D

o
o
o

11 -

..,:;

T''"ll.o*

ruEESHEETS

APPENDIXA

o
o
t

a
o
t
I

o
o
o
a
I

a
I

o
a
I

o
o

o
t
o
I
a

I
t

'

l:',

::.1.:',1,
ttt;:
',l1tt

i,,

'

l''

A-20
i..l...i .. '.
Ii'i..
i.

"

':

@TubularExdrangerlf,anufacturersAssociadofi,Inc.
.]:.::,]'::::.:.....,'..11'::...:..:....

wtrr.hts.cg
.:

o
t
t
o
I

o
I

o
o

iloEx
A

o
o
I
I
I

o
t

o
I

a
t
I
I

t
o

Entrance
& ExitAreas,TubeBundles

..............
1&14

o
o

o
a

1 : : r ', " ,

.'1,it,.;

o
a
t

,'.:; .. ,i

G,.t. .,':;1,,,,,
i,ii$i,

i,ii

',1
;,";r.:;1",.
,,,-: .,,,,1:,i

;;'.1.1;;ifi

:, t
,
,''ttjl,

I
I

o
a

o
o
o

i,.i.il.'.'.ft"u;.o'u;ii.i,.,;iii.l.oii.:'.I..i1,lFBcrr.1ee'*"l.l.l1;**Y.i.,.|i.i,ln:;':..:

o
o

INDE'(

o
o
a
o

v2

HeatContentPetrolzum

7-1

a
J

Baffles.............
Longitu-dinal

o
o
o
t

"" 5'4-3

a
t
o
o

o
o

o
o
I
':

':l:

::.:':::i.:
a

o
t
..' .:: '.].:: o
,

r.

":

.i',,:

i::r:

,::::
|:

' r'

.. :::: :::::
,.

s
::. .

o
a
'':. .:.:.:o
r ;:: ':l

o
Index-2
,,.tti,. ,' ,:, ..
,,t ::: :,:t':

il

:';.,i.',.'
:

: ,t'

'

.l ,,
:

@TubulrrErc{rurgertrlanufactursrsAssoclatlon,Inc.
':,:

o
a
o
t

t
7a

mrEx

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
a
a
o

GasketSur{aces
HeatExchangers
and Parts

.....................
5.6-1
- .

a
?

o
a
o
o
o
a
o
o

o
o
o
a

o
o

a
o
o
o
t

o
a
o
o
o
o

t.'
' ,, :,i;,1

:: 1,1;:r;i.
r,.rr

t,,,
; ,1l; '1.

l'':.:i.f
1'
t', :.,,l :i:.

t:
,r',,,,:';.,,,' .

r,' ;,;...:r,,i,;,"

Wershts.........
,'. ,ll,''. ,,,

.' .i,

, , . . l,,i : ; r .

,r,,r Yl,.:'"rrirt
;ii,'

: , . : : . ... .: :
,:: .1
. ' : : : : . :: l: :: ,.: t:: , : .
ld.h3

:iar:.,
:.;i: . r:r: :r:r ::1::
::i :::l..L i",': i:i'ii::.

I
f(
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

INDO(

Thb pago intentionally blank

o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
r:

:ti,. .

''

';r i:l'

:::

'

'

.1,

' : ', ' : ' , ' i : . :

]:

:::

]:l

o
o
o

:.

:t:: .'::.:

lndex.f

,...'.t:

::

@TubularExchangerManufuctrrcrcAseociatlon'lnc.

..

wwlY.tsr r.olg

1 , .: , , : ,
I

1::

::

a"'

o
o
o
o
a
o
o
a
o
O

o
o