Electrical Power Equations

Last Update: 9/12/08

V I R P V R I
(V) (A) (Ω) (W) (V) (Ω) (A)
4.50E+00 2.80E-01 1.61E+01 1.26E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
 P I R V P
(W) (A) (Ω) (V) (W)
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
Electrical Power Equations
Last Update: 9/12/08

VOLTAGE CURRENT POWER VOLTAGE POWER CURRENT

(V) (A) (W) (V) (W or VA) (A)
0 3000 50000 17
0 12000 75000 6
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0
 WIRE WIRE WIRE VOLTAGE
SIZE RESISTANCE LENGTH AT END
(AWG) (Ohms/kft) (kft) (V)
5 0.313 20 1261
0
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
STRANDED TINNED COPPER WIRE TABLE 700 cir. mils per Amp

AWG Stranding Approx. Circ. Mill Max Ohms per V Drop per
Size OD Area Amps 1000' 1000'
12 7/20 0.096 7,168 10.24 1.45 152
12 19/25 0.093 6,088 8.70 1.70 129
12 65/30 0.095 6,500 9.29 1.75 151
12 165/34 0.095 6,549 9.36 1.58 138
10 37/26 0.115 9,354 13.36 1.11 198
10 49/27 0.116 9,878 14.11 1.09 217
10 105/30 0.116 10,530 15.04 0.98 222
8 49/25 0.147 15,700 22.43 0.67 337
8 133/29 0.147 16,984 24.26 0.61 359
8 655/36 0.147 16,625 23.75 0.62 350
6 133/27 0.184 26,813 38.30 0.47 690
6 259/30 0.184 25,900 37.00 0.40 548
6 1050/36 0.184 26,250 37.50 0.39 543
4 133/25 0.232 42,613 60.88 0.24 901
4 259/27 0.232 52,214 74.59 0.20 1113
4 1666/36 0.232 41,650 59.50 0.25 885
2 133/23 0.292 67,936 97.05 0.15 1432
2 259/26 0.292 65,475 93.54 0.16 1400
2 665/30 0.292 66,500 95.00 0.16 1417
2 2646/36 0.292 66,150 94.50 0.16 1402
1 133/22 0.328 85,133 121.62 0.12 1790
1 259/25 0.328 82,984 118.55 0.13 1757
1 817/30 0.328 81,700 116.71 0.13 1730
1 2109/34 0.328 83,706 119.58 0.12 1773
0 133/21 0.368 108,036 154.34 0.10 2287
0 259/24 0.368 104,636 149.48 0.10 2212
0 1045/30 0.368 104,500 149.29 0.10 2206
0 2660/34 0.368 105,575 150.82 0.10 2229
0 4214/36 0.368 105,350 150.50 0.10 2220
0 133/20 0.414 136,192 194.56 0.08 2915
0 259/23 0.414 132,297 189.00 0.08 2750
0 1330/30 0.414 133,000 190.00 0.08 2780
. mils per Amp
AWG Wire Tables From: http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm
700 cir. mils =
Diameter =

SIZE DIA
(AWG) (mm)
0000 11.68
000 10.40
00 9.27
0 8.25
1 7.35
2 6.54
3 5.83
4 5.19
5 4.62
6 4.11
7 3.67
8 3.26
9 2.91
10 2.56
11 2.30
12 2.05

Wire Resista
1.80
1.60

Wire Resistance (Ohms/1000ft)

1.40
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
0.00 20.00 40.00
Wire A
 0.355 mm^2
0.336 mm

AREA RES MAX I VOLT DROP

(mm^2) (Ω /1000 ft) (A) (V/1000 ft)
107.09 0.05 301.67 4550.13
84.91 0.06 239.17 3432.16
67.46 0.08 190.02 2816.41
53.43 0.10 150.50 2219.85
42.38 0.12 119.39 1767.59
33.61 0.16 94.67 1398.02
26.65 0.20 75.08 1110.53
21.14 0.25 59.54 879.16
16.76 0.31 47.20 697.26
13.26 0.40 37.35 551.12
10.57 0.50 29.78 441.75
8.34 0.63 23.50 346.83
6.65 0.79 18.73 277.70
5.14 1.00 14.49 210.01
4.15 1.26 11.70 172.41
3.30 1.59 9.29 137.31

Wire Resistance vs Area

20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00

Wire Area (mm^2)
INDUCTANCE CALCULATOR
Last Updated 7/20/08

Inductance = Φ/I
Voltage across inductor = #NAME?
Energy stored in a capacitor = 1/2 LI^2
= 1/2 ΦI
= 1/2 Φ^2/L
CAPACITANCE CALCULATOR
Last Updated 7/20/08

Capacitance = Q/V
Current through a capacitor = C dV/dt
Energy stored in a capacitor = 1/2 CV^2
= 1/2 QV
= 1/2 Q^2/C

For round disks separated by air

disk radius = 5.00E-02 m

disk separation = 5.00E-04 m
disk thickness = 1.00E-03 m
number of disks = 1.00E+03
er= 1.00E+00
e0= 8.85E-12 F/m
C= 1.39E-07 F
Length = 5.05E+01 m

For round disks separated by teflon

disk radius = 5.00E-02 m

disk separation = 2.50E-06 m
disk thickness = 1.00E-03 m
number of disks = 1.00E+03
er= 2.40E+00
e0= 8.85E-12 F/m
C= 6.68E-05 F
Length = 5.00E+01 m
LOW-PASS FILTER CALCULATOR
Last Updated 3/3/08

C C C R R
f µf pf Ω kΩ
1.00E-07 0.10 100,000 1.00E+03 1.00
1.00E-05 10.00 10,000,000 1.50E+02 0.15
1.00E-05 10.00 10,000,000 1.50E+03 1.50
1.00E-05 10.00 10,000,000 1.50E+04 15.00
1.00E-05 10.00 10,000,000 1.50E+05 150.00
1.00E-06 1.00 1,000,000 1.50E+02 0.15
1.00E-06 1.00 1,000,000 1.50E+03 1.50
1.00E-06 1.00 1,000,000 1.50E+04 15.00
1.00E-06 1.00 1,000,000 1.50E+05 150.00
1.00E-07 0.10 100,000 1.50E+02 0.15
1.00E-07 0.10 100,000 1.50E+03 1.50
1.00E-07 0.10 100,000 1.50E+04 15.00
1.00E-07 0.10 100,000 1.50E+05 150.00
1.00E-08 0.01 10,000 1.50E+02 0.15
1.00E-08 0.01 10,000 1.50E+03 1.50
1.00E-08 0.01 10,000 1.50E+04 15.00
1.00E-08 0.01 10,000 1.50E+05 150.00
1.00E-09 0.00 1,000 1.50E+02 0.15
1.00E-09 0.00 1,000 1.50E+03 1.50
1.00E-09 0.00 1,000 1.50E+04 15.00
1.00E-09 0.00 1,000 1.50E+05 150.00
1.00E-10 0.00 100 1.50E+02 0.15
1.00E-10 0.00 100 1.50E+03 1.50
1.00E-10 0.00 100 1.50E+04 15.00
1.00E-10 0.00 100 1.50E+05 150.00
1.00E-11 0.00 10 1.50E+02 0.15
1.00E-11 0.00 10 1.50E+03 1.50
1.00E-11 0.00 10 1.50E+04 15.00
1.00E-11 0.00 10 1.50E+05 150.00
1.00E-12 0.00 1 1.50E+02 0.15
1.00E-12 0.00 1 1.50E+03 1.50
1.00E-12 0.00 1 1.50E+04 15.00
1.00E-12 0.00 1 1.50E+05 150.00
 Low Pass Filter
Fco = 1/(2πRC)
C
fco fco µf
Vin Vout
Hz kHz R 10.00
1.59E+03 1.59 C 10.00
1.06E+02 0.11 1.00
1.06E+01 0.01 1.00
1.06E+00 0.00 0.01
1.06E-01 0.00 0.01
1.06E+03 1.06
1.06E+02 0.11
1.06E+01 0.01
1.06E+00 0.00
1.06E+04 10.61
1.06E+03 1.06
1.06E+02 0.11
1.06E+01 0.01
1.06E+05 106.09
1.06E+04 10.61
1.06E+03 1.06
1.06E+02 0.11
1.06E+06 1060.90
1.06E+05 106.09
1.06E+04 10.61
1.06E+03 1.06
1.06E+07 10608.95
1.06E+06 1060.90
1.06E+05 106.09
1.06E+04 10.61
1.06E+08 106089.54
1.06E+07 10608.95
1.06E+06 1060.90
1.06E+05 106.09
1.06E+09 1060895.40
1.06E+08 106089.54
1.06E+07 10608.95
1.06E+06 1060.90
 R fco
Ω Hz
150.00 106
10000.00 1.59E+00
12000.00 13
150.00 1,061
5000.00 3,183
150.00 106,090
DEE'S 555 TIMER DESIGN SPREADSHEET

R1 R2 C1 FREQ DUTY PULSE WIDTH

CYCLE Time On Time Off
(kohms) (kohms) (mf) (Hz) (%) (msec) (msec)

10 10 0.01 4800.00 66.7% 0.139 0.069

10 10 0.1 480.00 66.7% 1.386 0.693
10 10 1 48.00 66.7% 13.860 6.930
10 10 10 4.80 66.7% 138.600 69.300
100 10 0.01 1200.00 91.7% 0.762 0.069
100 10 0.1 120.00 91.7% 7.623 0.693
100 10 1 12.00 91.7% 76.230 6.930
100 10 10 1.20 91.7% 762.300 69.300
500 10 0.01 276.92 98.1% 3.534 0.069
500 10 0.1 27.69 98.1% 35.343 0.693
500 10 1 2.77 98.1% 353.430 6.930
500 10 10 0.28 98.1% 3534.300 69.300
750 10 0.01 187.01 98.7% 5.267 0.069
750 10 0.1 18.70 98.7% 52.668 0.693
750 10 1 1.87 98.7% 526.680 6.930
750 10 10 0.19 98.7% 5266.800 69.300
1000 10 0.01 141.18 99.0% 6.999 0.069
1000 10 0.1 14.12 99.0% 69.993 0.693
1000 10 1 1.41 99.0% 699.930 6.930
1000 10 10 0.14 99.0% 6999.300 69.300
1500 10 0.01 94.74 99.3% 10.464 0.069
1500 10 0.1 9.47 99.3% 104.643 0.693
1500 10 1 0.95 99.3% 1046.430 6.930
1500 10 10 0.09 99.3% 10464.300 69.300
2000 10 0.01 71.29 99.5% 13.929 0.069
2000 10 0.1 7.13 99.5% 139.293 0.693
2000 10 1 0.71 99.5% 1392.930 6.930
2000 10 10 0.07 99.5% 13929.300 69.300
2500 10 0.01 57.14 99.6% 17.394 0.069
2500 10 0.1 5.71 99.6% 173.943 0.693
2500 10 1 0.57 99.6% 1739.430 6.930
2500 10 10 0.06 99.6% 17394.300 69.300
5000 10 0.01 28.69 99.8% 34.719 0.069
5000 10 0.1 2.87 99.8% 347.193 0.693
5000 10 1 0.29 99.8% 3471.930 6.930
5000 10 10 0.03 99.8% 34719.300 69.300
10 100 0.01 685.71 52.4% 0.762 0.693
10 100 0.1 68.57 52.4% 7.623 6.930
10 100 1 6.86 52.4% 76.230 69.300
10 100 10 0.69 52.4% 762.300 693.000
100 100 0.01 480.00 66.7% 1.386 0.693
100 100 0.1 48.00 66.7% 13.860 6.930
100 100 1 4.80 66.7% 138.600 69.300
 100 100 10 0.48 66.7% 1386.000 693.000
500 100 0.01 205.71 85.7% 4.158 0.693
500 100 0.1 20.57 85.7% 41.580 6.930
500 100 1 2.06 85.7% 415.800 69.300
500 100 10 0.21 85.7% 4158.000 693.000
750 100 0.01 151.58 89.5% 5.891 0.693
750 100 0.1 15.16 89.5% 58.905 6.930
750 100 1 1.52 89.5% 589.050 69.300
750 100 10 0.15 89.5% 5890.500 693.000
1000 100 0.01 120.00 91.7% 7.623 0.693
1000 100 0.1 12.00 91.7% 76.230 6.930
1000 100 1 1.20 91.7% 762.300 69.300
1000 100 10 0.12 91.7% 7623.000 693.000
1500 100 0.01 84.71 94.1% 11.088 0.693
1500 100 0.1 8.47 94.1% 110.880 6.930
1500 100 1 0.85 94.1% 1108.800 69.300
1500 100 10 0.08 94.1% 11088.000 693.000
2000 100 0.01 65.45 95.5% 14.553 0.693
2000 100 0.1 6.55 95.5% 145.530 6.930
2000 100 1 0.65 95.5% 1455.300 69.300
2000 100 10 0.07 95.5% 14553.000 693.000
2500 100 0.01 53.33 96.3% 18.018 0.693
2500 100 0.1 5.33 96.3% 180.180 6.930
2500 100 1 0.53 96.3% 1801.800 69.300
2500 100 10 0.05 96.3% 18018.000 693.000
5000 100 0.01 27.69 98.1% 35.343 0.693
5000 100 0.1 2.77 98.1% 353.430 6.930
5000 100 1 0.28 98.1% 3534.300 69.300
5000 100 10 0.03 98.1% 35343.000 693.000
10 500 0.01 142.57 50.5% 3.534 3.465
10 500 0.1 14.26 50.5% 35.343 34.650
10 500 1 1.43 50.5% 353.430 346.500
10 500 10 0.14 50.5% 3534.300 3465.000
100 500 0.01 130.91 54.5% 4.158 3.465
100 500 0.1 13.09 54.5% 41.580 34.650
100 500 1 1.31 54.5% 415.800 346.500
100 500 10 0.13 54.5% 4158.000 3465.000
500 500 0.01 96.00 66.7% 6.930 3.465
500 500 0.1 9.60 66.7% 69.300 34.650
500 500 1 0.96 66.7% 693.000 346.500
500 500 10 0.10 66.7% 6930.000 3465.000
750 500 0.01 82.29 71.4% 8.663 3.465
750 500 0.1 8.23 71.4% 86.625 34.650
750 500 1 0.82 71.4% 866.250 346.500
750 500 10 0.08 71.4% 8662.500 3465.000
1000 500 0.01 72.00 75.0% 10.395 3.465
1000 500 0.1 7.20 75.0% 103.950 34.650
1000 500 1 0.72 75.0% 1039.500 346.500
1000 500 10 0.07 75.0% 10395.000 3465.000
1500 500 0.01 57.60 80.0% 13.860 3.465
1500 500 0.1 5.76 80.0% 138.600 34.650
1500 500 1 0.58 80.0% 1386.000 346.500
1500 500 10 0.06 80.0% 13860.000 3465.000
2000 500 0.01 48.00 83.3% 17.325 3.465
2000 500 0.1 4.80 83.3% 173.250 34.650
2000 500 1 0.48 83.3% 1732.500 346.500
2000 500 10 0.05 83.3% 17325.000 3465.000
2500 500 0.01 41.14 85.7% 20.790 3.465
2500 500 0.1 4.11 85.7% 207.900 34.650
2500 500 1 0.41 85.7% 2079.000 346.500
2500 500 10 0.04 85.7% 20790.000 3465.000
5000 500 0.01 24.00 91.7% 38.115 3.465
5000 500 0.1 2.40 91.7% 381.150 34.650
5000 500 1 0.24 91.7% 3811.500 346.500
5000 500 10 0.02 91.7% 38115.000 3465.000
10 750 0.01 95.36 50.3% 5.267 5.198
10 750 0.1 9.54 50.3% 52.668 51.975
10 750 1 0.95 50.3% 526.680 519.750
10 750 10 0.10 50.3% 5266.800 5197.500
100 750 0.01 90.00 53.1% 5.891 5.198
100 750 0.1 9.00 53.1% 58.905 51.975
100 750 1 0.90 53.1% 589.050 519.750
100 750 10 0.09 53.1% 5890.500 5197.500
500 750 0.01 72.00 62.5% 8.663 5.198
500 750 0.1 7.20 62.5% 86.625 51.975
500 750 1 0.72 62.5% 866.250 519.750
500 750 10 0.07 62.5% 8662.500 5197.500
750 750 0.01 64.00 66.7% 10.395 5.198
750 750 0.1 6.40 66.7% 103.950 51.975
750 750 1 0.64 66.7% 1039.500 519.750
750 750 10 0.06 66.7% 10395.000 5197.500
1000 750 0.01 57.60 70.0% 12.128 5.198
1000 750 0.1 5.76 70.0% 121.275 51.975
1000 750 1 0.58 70.0% 1212.750 519.750
1000 750 10 0.06 70.0% 12127.500 5197.500
1500 750 0.01 48.00 75.0% 15.593 5.198
1500 750 0.1 4.80 75.0% 155.925 51.975
1500 750 1 0.48 75.0% 1559.250 519.750
1500 750 10 0.05 75.0% 15592.500 5197.500
2000 750 0.01 41.14 78.6% 19.058 5.198
2000 750 0.1 4.11 78.6% 190.575 51.975
2000 750 1 0.41 78.6% 1905.750 519.750
2000 750 10 0.04 78.6% 19057.500 5197.500
2500 750 0.01 36.00 81.3% 22.523 5.198
2500 750 0.1 3.60 81.3% 225.225 51.975
2500 750 1 0.36 81.3% 2252.250 519.750
2500 750 10 0.04 81.3% 22522.500 5197.500
5000 750 0.01 22.15 88.5% 39.848 5.198
5000 750 0.1 2.22 88.5% 398.475 51.975
5000 750 1 0.22 88.5% 3984.750 519.750
5000 750 10 0.02 88.5% 39847.500 5197.500
10 1000 0.01 71.64 50.2% 6.999 6.930
10 1000 0.1 7.16 50.2% 69.993 69.300
10 1000 1 0.72 50.2% 699.930 693.000
10 1000 10 0.07 50.2% 6999.300 6930.000
100 1000 0.01 68.57 52.4% 7.623 6.930
100 1000 0.1 6.86 52.4% 76.230 69.300
100 1000 1 0.69 52.4% 762.300 693.000
100 1000 10 0.07 52.4% 7623.000 6930.000
500 1000 0.01 57.60 60.0% 10.395 6.930
500 1000 0.1 5.76 60.0% 103.950 69.300
500 1000 1 0.58 60.0% 1039.500 693.000
500 1000 10 0.06 60.0% 10395.000 6930.000
750 1000 0.01 52.36 63.6% 12.128 6.930
750 1000 0.1 5.24 63.6% 121.275 69.300
750 1000 1 0.52 63.6% 1212.750 693.000
750 1000 10 0.05 63.6% 12127.500 6930.000
1000 1000 0.01 48.00 66.7% 13.860 6.930
1000 1000 0.1 4.80 66.7% 138.600 69.300
1000 1000 1 0.48 66.7% 1386.000 693.000
1000 1000 10 0.05 66.7% 13860.000 6930.000
1500 1000 0.01 41.14 71.4% 17.325 6.930
1500 1000 0.1 4.11 71.4% 173.250 69.300
1500 1000 1 0.41 71.4% 1732.500 693.000
1500 1000 10 0.04 71.4% 17325.000 6930.000
2000 1000 0.01 36.00 75.0% 20.790 6.930
2000 1000 0.1 3.60 75.0% 207.900 69.300
2000 1000 1 0.36 75.0% 2079.000 693.000
2000 1000 10 0.04 75.0% 20790.000 6930.000
2500 1000 0.01 32.00 77.8% 24.255 6.930
2500 1000 0.1 3.20 77.8% 242.550 69.300
2500 1000 1 0.32 77.8% 2425.500 693.000
2500 1000 10 0.03 77.8% 24255.000 6930.000
5000 1000 0.01 20.57 85.7% 41.580 6.930
5000 1000 0.1 2.06 85.7% 415.800 69.300
5000 1000 1 0.21 85.7% 4158.000 693.000
5000 1000 10 0.02 85.7% 41580.000 6930.000
10 1500 0.01 47.84 50.2% 10.464 10.395
10 1500 0.1 4.78 50.2% 104.643 103.950
10 1500 1 0.48 50.2% 1046.430 1039.500
10 1500 10 0.05 50.2% 10464.300 10395.000
100 1500 0.01 46.45 51.6% 11.088 10.395
100 1500 0.1 4.65 51.6% 110.880 103.950
100 1500 1 0.46 51.6% 1108.800 1039.500
100 1500 10 0.05 51.6% 11088.000 10395.000
500 1500 0.01 41.14 57.1% 13.860 10.395
500 1500 0.1 4.11 57.1% 138.600 103.950
 500 1500 1 0.41 57.1% 1386.000 1039.500
500 1500 10 0.04 57.1% 13860.000 10395.000
750 1500 0.01 38.40 60.0% 15.593 10.395
750 1500 0.1 3.84 60.0% 155.925 103.950
750 1500 1 0.38 60.0% 1559.250 1039.500
750 1500 10 0.04 60.0% 15592.500 10395.000
1000 1500 0.01 36.00 62.5% 17.325 10.395
1000 1500 0.1 3.60 62.5% 173.250 103.950
1000 1500 1 0.36 62.5% 1732.500 1039.500
1000 1500 10 0.04 62.5% 17325.000 10395.000
1500 1500 0.01 32.00 66.7% 20.790 10.395
1500 1500 0.1 3.20 66.7% 207.900 103.950
1500 1500 1 0.32 66.7% 2079.000 1039.500
1500 1500 10 0.03 66.7% 20790.000 10395.000
2000 1500 0.01 28.80 70.0% 24.255 10.395
2000 1500 0.1 2.88 70.0% 242.550 103.950
2000 1500 1 0.29 70.0% 2425.500 1039.500
2000 1500 10 0.03 70.0% 24255.000 10395.000
2500 1500 0.01 26.18 72.7% 27.720 10.395
2500 1500 0.1 2.62 72.7% 277.200 103.950
2500 1500 1 0.26 72.7% 2772.000 1039.500
2500 1500 10 0.03 72.7% 27720.000 10395.000
5000 1500 0.01 18.00 81.3% 45.045 10.395
5000 1500 0.1 1.80 81.3% 450.450 103.950
5000 1500 1 0.18 81.3% 4504.500 1039.500
5000 1500 10 0.02 81.3% 45045.000 10395.000
10 2000 0.01 35.91 50.1% 13.929 13.860
10 2000 0.1 3.59 50.1% 139.293 138.600
10 2000 1 0.36 50.1% 1392.930 1386.000
10 2000 10 0.04 50.1% 13929.300 13860.000
100 2000 0.01 35.12 51.2% 14.553 13.860
100 2000 0.1 3.51 51.2% 145.530 138.600
100 2000 1 0.35 51.2% 1455.300 1386.000
100 2000 10 0.04 51.2% 14553.000 13860.000
500 2000 0.01 32.00 55.6% 17.325 13.860
500 2000 0.1 3.20 55.6% 173.250 138.600
500 2000 1 0.32 55.6% 1732.500 1386.000
500 2000 10 0.03 55.6% 17325.000 13860.000
750 2000 0.01 30.32 57.9% 19.058 13.860
750 2000 0.1 3.03 57.9% 190.575 138.600
750 2000 1 0.30 57.9% 1905.750 1386.000
750 2000 10 0.03 57.9% 19057.500 13860.000
1000 2000 0.01 28.80 60.0% 20.790 13.860
1000 2000 0.1 2.88 60.0% 207.900 138.600
1000 2000 1 0.29 60.0% 2079.000 1386.000
1000 2000 10 0.03 60.0% 20790.000 13860.000
1500 2000 0.01 26.18 63.6% 24.255 13.860
1500 2000 0.1 2.62 63.6% 242.550 138.600
1500 2000 1 0.26 63.6% 2425.500 1386.000
1500 2000 10 0.03 63.6% 24255.000 13860.000
2000 2000 0.01 24.00 66.7% 27.720 13.860
2000 2000 0.1 2.40 66.7% 277.200 138.600
2000 2000 1 0.24 66.7% 2772.000 1386.000
2000 2000 10 0.02 66.7% 27720.000 13860.000
2500 2000 0.01 22.15 69.2% 31.185 13.860
2500 2000 0.1 2.22 69.2% 311.850 138.600
2500 2000 1 0.22 69.2% 3118.500 1386.000
2500 2000 10 0.02 69.2% 31185.000 13860.000
5000 2000 0.01 16.00 77.8% 48.510 13.860
5000 2000 0.1 1.60 77.8% 485.100 138.600
5000 2000 1 0.16 77.8% 4851.000 1386.000
5000 2000 10 0.02 77.8% 48510.000 13860.000
10 2500 0.01 28.74 50.1% 17.394 17.325
10 2500 0.1 2.87 50.1% 173.943 173.250
10 2500 1 0.29 50.1% 1739.430 1732.500
10 2500 10 0.03 50.1% 17394.300 17325.000
100 2500 0.01 28.24 51.0% 18.018 17.325
100 2500 0.1 2.82 51.0% 180.180 173.250
100 2500 1 0.28 51.0% 1801.800 1732.500
100 2500 10 0.03 51.0% 18018.000 17325.000
500 2500 0.01 26.18 54.5% 20.790 17.325
500 2500 0.1 2.62 54.5% 207.900 173.250
500 2500 1 0.26 54.5% 2079.000 1732.500
500 2500 10 0.03 54.5% 20790.000 17325.000
750 2500 0.01 25.04 56.5% 22.523 17.325
750 2500 0.1 2.50 56.5% 225.225 173.250
750 2500 1 0.25 56.5% 2252.250 1732.500
750 2500 10 0.03 56.5% 22522.500 17325.000
1000 2500 0.01 24.00 58.3% 24.255 17.325
1000 2500 0.1 2.40 58.3% 242.550 173.250
1000 2500 1 0.24 58.3% 2425.500 1732.500
1000 2500 10 0.02 58.3% 24255.000 17325.000
1500 2500 0.01 22.15 61.5% 27.720 17.325
1500 2500 0.1 2.22 61.5% 277.200 173.250
1500 2500 1 0.22 61.5% 2772.000 1732.500
1500 2500 10 0.02 61.5% 27720.000 17325.000
2000 2500 0.01 20.57 64.3% 31.185 17.325
2000 2500 0.1 2.06 64.3% 311.850 173.250
2000 2500 1 0.21 64.3% 3118.500 1732.500
2000 2500 10 0.02 64.3% 31185.000 17325.000
2500 2500 0.01 19.20 66.7% 34.650 17.325
2500 2500 0.1 1.92 66.7% 346.500 173.250
2500 2500 1 0.19 66.7% 3465.000 1732.500
2500 2500 10 0.02 66.7% 34650.000 17325.000
5000 2500 0.01 14.40 75.0% 51.975 17.325
5000 2500 0.1 1.44 75.0% 519.750 173.250
5000 2500 1 0.14 75.0% 5197.500 1732.500
5000 2500 10 0.01 75.0% 51975.000 17325.000
 PERIOD
Time On+Off
(msec)
5 - 15 VDC
0.208
2.079
20.790 R U2
207.900 1
0.832 4 8
8.316
83.160 7
831.600
3.604 555
Pulse Output
36.036 R2 3
360.360 Generator
3603.600
5.336
53.361 6
533.610
5336.100 2 1 5
7.069
C
70.686
1
706.860 C2
7068.600 0.01 mf
10.534
105.336
1053.360
10533.600
13.999
139.986
1399.860
13998.600
17.464
174.636
1746.360
17463.600
34.789
347.886
3478.860
34788.600
1.455
14.553
145.530
1455.300
2.079
20.790
207.900
 2079.000
4.851
48.510
485.100
4851.000
6.584
65.835
658.350
6583.500
8.316
83.160
831.600
8316.000
11.781
117.810
1178.100
11781.000
15.246
152.460
1524.600
15246.000
18.711
187.110
1871.100
18711.000
36.036
360.360
3603.600
36036.000
6.999
69.993
699.930
6999.300
7.623
76.230
762.300
7623.000
10.395
103.950
1039.500
10395.000
12.128
121.275
1212.750
12127.500
13.860
138.600
1386.000
13860.000
 17.325
173.250
1732.500
17325.000
20.790
207.900
2079.000
20790.000
24.255
242.550
2425.500
24255.000
41.580
415.800
4158.000
41580.000
10.464
104.643
1046.430
10464.300
11.088
110.880
1108.800
11088.000
13.860
138.600
1386.000
13860.000
15.593
155.925
1559.250
15592.500
17.325
173.250
1732.500
17325.000
20.790
207.900
2079.000
20790.000
24.255
242.550
2425.500
24255.000
27.720
277.200
2772.000
27720.000
45.045
 450.450
4504.500
45045.000
13.929
139.293
1392.930
13929.300
14.553
145.530
1455.300
14553.000
17.325
173.250
1732.500
17325.000
19.058
190.575
1905.750
19057.500
20.790
207.900
2079.000
20790.000
24.255
242.550
2425.500
24255.000
27.720
277.200
2772.000
27720.000
31.185
311.850
3118.500
31185.000
48.510
485.100
4851.000
48510.000
20.859
208.593
2085.930
20859.300
21.483
214.830
2148.300
21483.000
24.255
242.550
 2425.500
24255.000
25.988
259.875
2598.750
25987.500
27.720
277.200
2772.000
27720.000
31.185
311.850
3118.500
31185.000
34.650
346.500
3465.000
34650.000
38.115
381.150
3811.500
38115.000
55.440
554.400
5544.000
55440.000
27.789
277.893
2778.930
27789.300
28.413
284.130
2841.300
28413.000
31.185
311.850
3118.500
31185.000
32.918
329.175
3291.750
32917.500
34.650
346.500
3465.000
34650.000
38.115
381.150
3811.500
38115.000
41.580
415.800
4158.000
41580.000
45.045
450.450
4504.500
45045.000
62.370
623.700
6237.000
62370.000
34.719
347.193
3471.930
34719.300
35.343
353.430
3534.300
35343.000
38.115
381.150
3811.500
38115.000
39.848
398.475
3984.750
39847.500
41.580
415.800
4158.000
41580.000
45.045
450.450
4504.500
45045.000
48.510
485.100
4851.000
48510.000
51.975
519.750
5197.500
51975.000
69.300
693.000
6930.000
69300.000
Voltage Regulator Calculations 3-Terminal Regulator

VR Type: NTE 1942 5-term pos variable

Vref = 2.77 V
R1 = 240 Ω

R2 R1R2/R1+R2 Vout
240 120 5.5
420 153 7.6
680 177 10.6
560 168 9.2
550 167 9.1
540 166 9.0
minal Regulator 5-Terminal Regulator

C0 = 10 to 100µf, Depending on desired

start up characteristics