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K-12 TLE-HE LM - Travel Services G10
K-12 TLE-HE LM - Travel Services G10
Grade 10
LEARNERS MATERIAL
TRAVEL SERVICES
LM-Travel Services
Grade 10
Table of Contents
Cover Page
Table of Contents
Introduction....
Content Standard and Performance Standard
Objectives
Program Requirements
Learning Episodes
How to Use this Learning Material
Diagnostic Assessment...
Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs)
Environment and Market (EM)
Quarter I
Overview
Objectives
Pre-Test 1.
Lesson 1: THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM INDUSTRY (PT)
Learning Outcome 1 Understand the Vital Function of the Philippine
Tourism Offices
Learning Outcome 2 Describe the Role of the Private Sector in the
Philippine Tourism Industry
Enhancement Activity..
Lesson 2: Travel MANAGEMENT COMPANIES AND TRAVEL
AGENCIES (TM)
Learning Outcome 1 Describe the Travel Management Companies
and Travel Agencies
Learning Outcome 2 State the Functions of Travel Management
Company (TMC) /Travel Agency
Learning Outcome 3 Explain the Organizational Structure of
TMC/Travel Agency
Learning Outcome 4 Plan to Put Up a Travel Agency
Enhancement Activity..
Post-Test 1....
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Quarter II
Overview
Objectives
Pre-Test 2..
Lesson 1: MARKET AND DESTINATION (MD)
Learning Outcome 1 Identify the Markets and Destinations
Learning Outcome 2 Discuss the Types of Tourism
Learning Outcome 3 Assess and Match Travel Destination Suitable
for Travelers
Learning Outcome 4 Read and Interpret Map
Learning Outcome 5 Recognize Famous Tourist Destinations in the
World
Enhancement Activity..
Lesson 2: THE INTERNET AND E-TRAVEL COMMERCE (ET)
Learning Outcome 1 Practice the Internet and E-Travel Commerce
Learning Outcome 2 Describe the Capabilities of Global Distribution
System (GDS)
Enhancement Activity..
Post-Test 2
Quarter III
Overview
Objectives
Pre-Test 3
Lesson 1: THE TRAVEL MANAGEMENT CYCLE
Learning Outcome 1 Arrange Flight Itinerary Using a Map and
Planner
Learning Outcome 2 Discuss Flight Reservation and Confirmation
Learning Outcome 3 Follow Rules and Principles in Airfare
Calculation and Travel Documentation
Enhancement Activity
Lesson 2: CORPORATE TRAVEL MANAGEMENT
Learning Outcome 1 Practice Corporate Travel Management
Learning Outcome 2 Explain the MICE of Travel Management
Learning Outcome 3 Describe the Intranet and Extranets in Travel
Management
Enhancement.
Post-Test 3
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Quarter IV
Overview
Objectives
Pre-Test 4.....
Lesson 1: TOUR AND TRAVEL PRODUCTS
Learning Outcome 1 Describe the Tour and Travel Products
Learning Outcome 2 Identify the Maritime Travel Products
Learning Outcome 3 Determine the Types of Lodging/Accommodation
Establishments in the Philippines
Learning Outcome 4 Discuss the Group Travel Arrangements
Enhancement Activity
Lesson 2: TRAVEL AGENCY ACCOUNTING DOCUMENTS & THE
BILLING STATEMENT PLAN
Learning Outcome 1 Process Travel and Tour Accounting Documents
Learning Outcome 2 Follow Procedures for Airline Ticket Payment
Through the Banking System
Enhancement Activity.
Integration.
Post-Test 4...
Summative Assessment...
Synthesis....
Glossary..
References....
LM-Travel Services
Grade 10
Introduction
Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) is one nomenclature in the
implementation of the K to 12 Basic Education Program (BEP). It is
composed of four components, namely, Agri-Fishery Arts, Home Economics,
Industrial Arts and Information and Communication Technology. In this
learning material, the focus is on a course in Home Economics Travel
Services.
The course provides varied and relevant activities and opportunities to
determine your understanding of the key concepts and to demonstrate core
competencies as prescribed in TESDA Training Regulation in Travel
Services. Thus, it aims to provide quality service to target clients along side of
assessing yourself as to the aspects of business that you may consider to
strengthen and safeguard before you become a part of the travel service
provider sector.
The world of work today presents a picture of available jobs that are
getting scarcer each year. To address this reality, the Department of
Education is stretching its available resources, prioritizing needs, and
developing sustainable programs to lead and to prepare the young minds as
future skillful travel agents or to any related jobs. The department further
believes that it is in honing the skills the learner can have an edge over other
job seekers. DepEd endeavors to equip the learners with the appropriate
knowledge, attitude, values and skills necessary to become productive citizen
of our society.
This learning material is specifically crafted to focus on the different
activities that will assess your level in terms of skills and knowledge
necessary to get a Certificate of Competency and/or National Certification.
This learning material will surely make you a certified travel service provider.
So, explore and experience the K to 12 TLE Curriculum!
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Content Standard
The learners demonstrate understanding of the concepts and theories
in Travel Services.
Performance Standard
The learner independently demonstrates competencies in Travel
Services as prescribed in the TESDA Training Regulation.
Objectives
This module is dedicated for learners who aspire to improve their
understanding and skills in Travel Services and serve as their guide in
attaining the National Certificate Level II (NCII).
Generally, learners are expected to become proficient in performing
skills on the following competencies:
1. explain key concepts in Travel Services;
2. discuss the relevance of the course; and
3. explore career opportunities for Travel Services.
Program Requirements
Grade 10 students who will take Travel Services course as their
specialization in Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) Home
Economics should have successfully taken the exploratory courses in their
Grade 7/8 and have successfully completed any skill specialization in Grade
9.
The student of this course must possess the following:
1. Excellent communication skills (must be proficient in the Native
Language/s; Filipino, English, and/or Foreign language/s);
2. Computer literacy;
3. Good visual impact and pleasing personality; and
4. Perfect vision (20/20) or if with contact lenses should not be beyond
20/30.
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Learning Episodes
This learning resource is subdivided into four (4) quarters which may
serve as the recommended scope and limit for every academic grading
period. Every quarter, there are lessons that comprise the learning outcomes.
Before exploring the core competencies of Travel Services, you will be
guided on how to assess your own Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies
and Skills (PECS) and let you demonstrate your understanding about the
Environment and Market.
Quarter I includes Lesson 1 on The Philippine Tourism Industry that
enables you to understand the vital function and role of the government and
private sectors in managing and developing the Philippine tourism industry,
and Lesson 2 on Travel Management Companies explains the organizational
set up and function of travel agencies/TMCs as intermediary between the
travel producers and clients.
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Quarter IV details about Lesson 1 Tour and Travel Products that lets
you identify the different travel products in the country; and lastly, in Lesson 2
Travel and Tour Accounting Documents and Billing Settlement Plan, you will
process travel and accounting documents, and follow procedures for airline
ticket payment through the banking system.
Good luck and use this learning material as your guide to become a
successful travel service provider in the future.
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Grade 10
Here are some reminders for you as you use the modules. Be sure to
take note of them.
1. A diagnostic test precedes the activities in this learning material. Prepare
answer sheet where you can accomplish the tests in each learning
episodes. Complete the diagnostic test first before you go through the
activities. The diagnostic test determines how much you know about the
lessons in the learning material and identifies the areas you ought to
learn more. Your teacher will assist you to check and to analyze your
score in relation to your learning needs.
2. Each learning material has a sequence of activities. It contains integrative
and relevant information worthy of learning prescribed competencies and
performing the necessary tasks. Go over each activity carefully. If you
encounter difficulties, do not hesitate to consult your teacher for
assistance. Do not skip any topic unless you are told to do so.
REMEMBER that each activity is a preparation for the succeeding
activities.
3. For every lesson/learning outcome an enhancement activity follows to
help enrich the knowledge and skills you have gained.
4. When you have successfully finished all tasks in the learning material,
answer the post test to be given by your teacher. Your score will be
analyzed and will be used by your teacher for the computation of your
grade.
5. Lastly, DO NOT mark the learning material in any way.
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DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT
A. Multiple Choice
Direction: Read the statements carefully and write the letter of your
best choice in your answer sheet.
1. This means to be innovative, to have an edge over the other competitors
a. people skills
b. creativity
c. profit oriented
d. discipline
2. This is a meaningful and unforgettable statement that captures the essence
of your brand.
a. Product Naming
b. Unique Selling Proposition
c. Branding
d. Tagline
3. Refers to a skill in strategic thinking and setting of goals
a. decision making
b. hardworking
c. planning
d. self-confidence
4. In this stage, the needs of the target market are identified, reviewed and
evaluated.
a. Concept Development
b. Economic Analysis
c. Project Development
d. Refine Specification
5. This is generated by examining what goods and services are sold outside
by the community.
a. Business Creation
b. Business Pricing
c. Business Concept
d. Business Idea
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6. The government agency that has the authority to regulate, supervise, and
license all tourism sub-sectors
a. Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)
b. Department of Tourism (DOT)
c. Philippine Tourism Authority (PTA)
d. Philippine National Police (PNP)
7. This kind of tourist destination will surely bring relaxation and relieve stress
to the visitors during their spear time. Some of which are the theme park,
casino, fitness center, and spa center
a. Entertainment
b. Shopping
c. Recreation
d. Education
8. The company that offers travel services by sea
a. Sulpicio Lines
b. Victory Liner
c. Cebu Pacific
d. PAL Express
9. As stipulated in the law, travel agencies have the right to collect
commission from the travel producers/vendor of about 10 t0 15% of the
product selling price which pertains to
a. Rate-minus
b. Net-plus
c. Cost-plus
d. Rate-cost
10. Travel Management Company (TMC) performs the following role in the
travel distribution cycle, except
a. As retailer
b. As product producer
c. As counselor
d. As profit earner
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11. Type of business entity organized by two or more individuals who agree to
share responsibilities with regard to business management and finances.
a. Sole proprietorship
b. Cooperative
c. Corporation
d. Partnership
12. This TMC department segment will benefit when the marketing plans are
effectively delivered to the consuming public.
a. Personnel
b. Sales
c. Accounting
d. Operations
13. It is described as that which motivates travelers to visit places is the
recognition they receive from locals because of their distinguished social
status, achievement, education, and good reputation.
a. Interpersonal motive
b. Cultural motive
c. Status and prestige
d. Physical motive
14. Clients who have not yet established their own family have the greater
tendency to avail of travel packages. The basis for this travel motivator is
a. Gender
b. Civil Status
c. Education
d. Budget
15. An example of lodging establishment
a. Shopping mall
b. Cafeteria
c. R&E Transport
d. Apartel
16. The type of tourism Aling Nenita does when visiting various churches in
Luzon during the Lenten season.
a. Historical tourism
b. Religious tourism
c. Eco-tourism
d. Cultural tourism
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17. A kind of traveler who is willing to pay more for as long as the best travel
services will be given to him
a. Regular traveler
b. Budget traveler
c. High-end traveler
d. Corporate traveler
18. The part of the Philippine map that defines all symbols, colors, and other
markings used in the illustration.
a. Label
b. Scale
c. Title
d. Legend
19. Pertains to water passage between lands.
a. Strait
b. Fjords
c. Bay
d. Gulf
20. Russia is part of this continental land area.
a. South America
b. Middle East
c. Europe
d. Africa
21.The continent land area where you can find natures wonder, the Great
Barrier Reef
a. North America
b. South America
c. Oceania
d. Asia
22. Below are the typical functions of a Computerized Reservation System
(CRS), except
a. Confirm seat availability information
b. Cancel existing reservations
c. Provide reservation information
d. Sell tickets for multiple airlines
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23. This refers to Worldspans pre-ticketing fare tool that protects airline
against incorrectly priced or reissued tickets.
a. Worldspan FareSource
b. Worldspan SecuRate Air
c. Travelport Rapid Reprice
d. Travelport FareVerified
24. Which of these is not a Global Distribution System?
a. Amadeus
b. Galileo
c. Experia
d. Sabre
25. What Department of Tourism office formulates the tourism standards,
approves the construction of tourism establishments, and accredits the
operations of travel agencies?
a. Planning, Product Development and Coordination
b. Tourism Promotions
c. Tourism Services and Regional Offices
d. Internal Services
26. The complete record of all requirements of the passenger, and provides a
history of actions taken, confirmation, option dates, and relevant information.
a. Booking Card
b. Itinerary Card
c. Passport
d. None of the Above
27. This is the flight schedule requested to be included in the clients itinerary.
a. Flight Itinerary
b. Estimated Time of Arrival
c. Estimated Time of Departure
d. Passengers Number Record
28. The name of a flight that operates between two cities and makes a
change online or interline in one or more cities en route
a. Non-stop Flight
b. Direct Flight
c. Connecting Flight
d. Change of Gauge/ Equipment Flight
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29. Contains flights of all airlines between a specific city pair for a one-week
period.
a. Schedule Display
b. Time-Table Display
c. Flight Information
d. Airtime Access Levels
30. A term that refers to coming together of a group of people with similar
interests to accomplish some predetermined goals or purposes
a. Meetings
b. Seminars
c. Workshops
d. Incentives
31. This is a group meeting devoted to analyze solutions of concrete
problems, or to acquire specific skills or knowledge in a particular field
a. Clinic
b. Retreat
c. Conclave
d. Assembly
32. The name of a body of students meeting regularly to study the same
subjects.
a. Class
b. Clinic
c. Press Conference
d. Panel
33. This refers to any private meeting or secret assembly that is held to elect
a new pope. It may also be applied in the boardroom of a corporation, when
the directors meet in secret to discuss a possible hostile takeover
a.
b.
c.
d.
Clinic
Retreat
Conclave
Assembly
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39. Refers to sightseeing tours with other individual on a first-come-firstaccommodated basis, on schedule departures.
a. Seat-in-coach
b. Private Tours
c. Escorted Tours
d. Sightseeing Tours
40. Refers to a retail business that sells travel products and services to
customers on behalf of suppliers
a. Travel Agency
b. Retail Agency
c. Product Agency
d. Suppliers Agency
41. The name of the card that provides health and accident security overseas
in a manner that the host country handles all the necessary requirements a
traveler may have.
a. Tour Card
b. Multipurpose Card
c. Assist Card
d. Departure Card
42. The meaning of AITA
a. International Air Transportation Association
b. Interrelated Air Transportation Association
c. Interrupted Air Transportation Association
d. Intermission Air Transportation Association
43. The meaning of ADM
a. Agency Debris Memo
b. Agency Debit Memo
c. Agency Detour Memo
d. Agency Dire Memo
44. Characterized as a Retailer because it normally transacts business and
sells directly only to the traveler.
a. TMC/ Travel Agency
b. TTMC/ Travel Agency
c. AITA/ Travel Agency
d. BSP/Travel Agency
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a. Blue Line
b. Red Line
c. Yellow Line
d. Purple Line
50. The feature of a flight class with individual air-conditioned cabins.
a. Executive Sleeper Class
b. Family Sleeper Class
c. Deluxe Class
d. Economic Class
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Content Standards
Performance Standards
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Now, try to take the first challenge in this module -- the preassessment.
PRE-ASSESSMENT
As part of your initial activity, you will be challenged to dig deeper into
your knowledge and previous experiences on the topic. Try to
diagnose/assess what you already know about personal entrepreneurial
competencies by answering Task 1.
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Column B
a. make a wise decision towards the set objectives
b. strategic thinking and setting of goals
c. trust in ones ability
d. adaptable to change
e. innovative, to have edge over the other
competitors
f. solid dedication
g. skillful in record keeping
h. always stick to the plan
i. working diligently
j effective and efficient communication
and relation to people
k. always looking for income
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After all the guide questions have been answered to the best of
your knowledge and skills, share these with your classmates. You too,
may compare your insights, personal knowledge of, and relevant
experiences on the topic to make it more exciting and engaging.
Goals and
Targets
Learning
Activities
Ultimate
Goal
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2. Are there other strategies or approaches where you can assess your
PECs? Explain how these can become more useful in selecting a
viable business venture.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
3. What are the desirable personal characteristics, attributes, lifestyles,
skills and traits of a prospective entrepreneur? Why do you think these
are important?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
4. Why is there a need to assess ones PECs in terms of characteristics,
attributes, lifestyles, skills and traits before starting a particular
business?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
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Know
Assessment of Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs) and
skills vis--vis a practicing entrepreneur/employee in a province.
Entrepreneurial competencies refer to the important characteristics
that should be possessed by an individual in order to perform entrepreneurial
functions effectively. In this module, you will learn some of the most important
characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and traits of a successful
entrepreneur in order to be successful in a chosen career.
Below are a few important characteristics/traits/attributes of a
good entrepreneur:
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Listed below
entrepreneur.
are
the
important
skills
of
successful
Process
In order to firm up what you have learned and to have a better
appreciation of the different entrepreneurial competencies, try to read the
PECs checklist presented below, then answer the same.
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Strength
Development
Areas
Hardworking
Working diligently
Self-confident
Confidence in ones ability
Discipline
Always stick to the plan
Committed
Solid dedication
Ability to accept change
Adaptable to change
Creative
Innovative, to have edge over the other
competitors
Profit-oriented
Always looking for income
Planner
Strategic thinking and setting of goals
People Skill
Effective and efficient communication
and relation to people
Decision Making
Make a wise decision towards the set
objectives
TOTAL
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Interpretation/Insights:
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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5. What best business practices can you share with aspiring students?
6. What are the salient characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and traits
that made you successful in your business/job?
Note: Cull the needed information from the interview to supply answer/s to
Row 1 in the table below. Meanwhile, fill out the second row with your PECs.
Personal
Entrepreneurial
Competencies
Characteristics
Attributes
Lifestyles
Skills
Traits
Successful
Entrepreneur
in the
province
My PECs
Using the information on the table above, analyze and reflect on the
similarities and differences in your answers. Put your reflection on the table
below. Write your conclusion on the space provided below.
Personal
Entrepreneurial
Competencies
Similarities
Differences
Characteristics
Attributes
Lifestyles
Skills
Traits
Conclusion:
________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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Transfer
After performing the activities on the importance of PECs, lets
determine how much you have learned. Perform the Task 6 to determine how
well you have understood the lesson.
Area
Activities
Strategies
Time
Frame
Expected
Outcome
Characteristics
Skills
Attribute
Traits
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Content Standards
Performance Standards
The
learner
demonstrates
understanding of environment and
market in Travel Services in ones
province.
Module 2
Environment and Market
Introduction
People who aspire to start a business need to explore the economic,
cultural and social conditions prevailing in the area. Needs and wants of the
people in a certain area that are not met may be considered as business
opportunities. Identifying the needs of the community, its resources, available
raw materials, skills, and appropriate technology can help a new entrepreneur
in seizing a business opportunity.
To be successful in any kind of business venture, potential
entrepreneurs should always look closely at the environment and market.
They should always be watchful on the existing opportunities and constraints.
The opportunities in the business environment are those factors that provide
possibilities for a business to expand and make more profits. Constraints, on
the other hand are those factors that limit the ability to grow, hence, reduces
the chance of generating profit. One of the best ways to evaluate the
opportunities and constraints is to conduct Strengths, Weakness,
Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis.
SWOT analysis is a managerial tool to assess the environment. This
gathers important information, which in turn is used in strategic planning.
Strengths and Weaknesses are internal to an organization. Basically they
relate to resources owned by organization, things that you have control over
and as well as the extent of its marketing.
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Now that you have an idea about the things you will learn, try to take
the first challenge in this module- the pre-assessment.
PRE-ASSESSMENT
Task I: Multiple Choice
Direction: Choose the letter that best describes the statement. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. This is generated by examining what goods and services are sold
outside by the community.
A. Business Creation
C. Business Concept
B. Business Pricing
D. Business Idea
2. A process of making a new product to be sold to the customers.
A. Product Analysis
C. Product Development
B. Product Conceptualization D. Product Implementation
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Goals and
Targets
Learning
Activities
Grade 10
Ultimate
Goal
Know
Product Development
When we talk of product development, we are referring to a process of
making a new product to be sold by a business or enterprise to its customers.
Product development may involve modification of an existing product or
its presentation, or formulation of an entirely new product that satisfies a
newly defined customers needs and/or want and/or a market place.
The term development in this module refers collectively to the entire
process of identifying a market opportunity, creating a product to appeal to
the identified market, and finally, testing, modifying and refining the product
until this will be ready for production. This product can be any item to be sold
to the consumers.
There are basic, yet vital questions that you can ask yourself about.
When you find acceptable answers to these questions, you may now say that
you are ready to develop a product/service.
1.
2.
3.
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Likewise, needs and wants of the people within the area should also
be taken into big consideration. Everyone has his or her own needs and
wants. However, people have different concepts of needs and wants. Needs
in business are important things that every individual cannot do without in a
society.
These include:
1.
2.
3.
4.
the kind of
measure of
in business
culture and
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Identify
Customer
Needs
Establish
Target
Specifica
tions
Generate
Product
Concepts
Analyze
Competit
ive
Products
Select a
Product
Concept
Refine
Specifica
tions
Perform
Economic
Analysis
Plan
Remaining
Developme
nt
Project
Concept Development
Figure 3: Concept Development
The process of product development follows the following steps:
A. Identify Customer Needs - Using a survey form, interviews, researches,
focus group discussions, and observations, an entrepreneur can easily
identify customers needs and wants. In this stage, the information that
can be possibly gathered here are product specifications (performance,
taste, size, color, shape, life span of the product, etc.). This stage is very
important because this will determine the product to be produced or
provided.
B. Establish Target Specifications - Based on customers' needs and
reviews of competitive products, you may now establish target
specifications of the prospective new product and/or services. Target
specifications are essentially a wish-list.
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Innovation
Innovation is the introduction of something new in your
product/services. This may be a new idea, a new method or a device. If you
want to increase your sales and profit, you must innovate. Some of the
possible innovations in your products are change of packaging, improve taste,
color, size, shape, and perhaps, price. Some of the possible innovations in
providing services are application of new improved methods, additional
featured services and possibly freebees.
Unique Selling Proposition (USP)
Unique Selling Proposition is the factor or consideration presented by a
seller as the reason that one product or service is different from and better
than that of the competition. Before you can begin to sell your product or
service to your target customers, you have to sell yourself to it. This is
especially important when your product or service is similar to those around
you.
USP will require careful analysis of other businesses' ads and
marketing messages. If you analyze what they say or what they sell, not just
their product or service characteristics, you can learn a great deal about how
companies distinguish themselves from competitors.
Here is how to discover your USP and use it to increase your sales and
profit:
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Discover the actual and genuine reasons why customers buy your
product instead of a competitor's. Information is very important in
decision making. A competitive entrepreneur always improve his/her
products/services to provide satisfaction and of course retention of
customers. As your business grows, you should always consider the
process of asking your customers important questions and look for
information and question that you can use to improve your product/services.
Process
In order to firm up your understanding about the topic previously
presented, you will be tasked to form a group and conduct an interview with a
successful entrepreneur/practitioner. You have to document this interview and
present this to the whole class for reflection and appreciation.
Task 3: Interview
Direction: Select a successful entrepreneur/practitioner. Conduct an
interview by utilizing the sets of questions below. Document the interview and
present this to the class.
1. How did you identify your customers?
2. What were your considerations in selecting your customers?
3. Explain how your product/services became unique from other product/s.
4. Did you consult somebody before you engage in this business? Cite
sample insights that you gained from the consultation.
5. What were your preparations before you started the actual business?
6. What creative and innovative techniques did you adopt to your
product/services? What was the effect of the innovative techniques to
the sales and profits of your business?
7. What strategy did you consider to have a unique selling proposition for
your product/service?
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Transfer
Task 5: Product Conceptualization
Direction: Using the figures below, develop your own concept for your
product/services.
1. Identify
Customers Need
7. Prepare a
Development
Plan
2. Target
Specifications
6. Refine
Product
Specification
3. Analyze a
Competitive
Product
5. Select A
product Concept
4. Generate
Product Concept
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Know
Generating Ideas for Business
The process of developing/generating business idea is not a simple
process. Some people just come to a bunch of business ideas, but some
really are without ideas. There are two problems that arise: first is the
excessive generation of ideas which will take forever and will remain in the
dreaming stage, and second is when they do not have ideas and want to
become entrepreneurs.
The most optimal way is to have a systematic approach in generating
and selecting business idea that will be transferred in real business. Here are
some basic yet very important considerations you may use to generate
possible ideas for business:
1. Examine the existing goods and services. Are you satisfied with the
product? What do other people who use the product say about it? How
can it be improved? There are many ways of improving a product from the
way it is made to the way it is packed and sold? You can also improve the
materials used in crafting the product. In addition, you introduce new
ways of using the product, making it more useful and adaptable to the
customers many needs. When you are improving the product or
enhancing it, you are doing an innovation. You can also do an invention
by introducing an entirely new product to replace the old one.
Business ideas may also be generated by examining what goods
and services are sold outside by the community. Very often, these
products are sold in a form that can still be enhanced or improved.
2. Examine the present and future needs. Look and listen to what the
customers, institutions, and communities are missing in terms of goods
and services. Sometimes, these needs are already obvious and felt at the
moment. Other needs are not that obvious because they can only be felt
in the future, or in the event of certain developments in the community.
For example, a province will have its electrification facility in the next six
months. Only by that time will the entrepreneur think of electricallypowered or generated business such as photo copier, computer service,
digital printing, etc.
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3. Examine how the needs are being satisfied. Needs for the products
and services are referred to as market demand. To satisfy these needs is
to supply the products and services that meet the demands of the market.
The term market refers to whoever will use or buy the products or service,
and these may be people or institutions such as other businesses,
establishments, organizations, or government agencies.
There is a very good business opportunity when there is absolutely
no supply to a pressing market demand.
Businesses or industries in the locality also have needs for goods
and services. Their needs for raw materials, maintenance, and other
services such as selling and distribution are good sources of ideas for
business.
4. Examine the available resources around you. Observe what materials
or skills are available in abundance in your area. A business can be
started out of available raw materials by selling them in raw form and by
processing and manufacturing them into finished products. For example,
in a copra-producing town, there will be many coconut husks and shells
available as waste products. These can be collected and made into
coco rags/doormat and charcoal bricks, and sold profitably outside the
community.
A group of people in your neighborhood may have some special
skills that can be harnessed for business. For example, women in the
Mountain Province possess loom weaving skills that have been passed on
from one generation to the next generation. Some communities there set
up weaving businesses to produce blankets, as well as decorative items
and various souvenir items for sale to tourists and lowland communities.
Business ideas can come from your own skills. The work and
experience you may have in agricultural arts, industrial arts, home
economics, and Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
classes will provide you with business opportunities to acquire the needed
skills which will earn for you extra income, should you decide to engage in
income-generating activities. With your skills, you may also tinker around
with various things in your spare time. Many products were invented this
way.
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Branding
Branding is a marketing practice of creating names, symbols or
designs that identifies and differentiates products/services from other
products/services. It is also a promise to your customers. It tells them what
they can expect from your product/ services and it differentiates your offerings
from other competitors. Your brand is derived from who you are, who you
want to be and who people perceive you to be.
Branding is one of the most important aspects of any business. An
effective brand strategy gives you a major edge in increasingly competitive
markets.
The features of a good product brand are as follows:
- Delivers the message clearly
- Confirms your credibility
- Connects your target prospects emotionally
- Motivates the buyer
- Concretizes user loyalty
Here are some simple tips to publicize your brand.
.
Process
In generating business idea, you should first identify what type of
business is suited to your idea. You should analyze and scan the potential
environment, study the marketing practices and strategies of your
competitors, analyze the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and
Threats in your environment to ensure that the products/services you are
planning to offer will be patronized within easy reach by your target
markets/consumers.
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Keep your SWOT short and simple. Avoid complexity and over
analysis
SWOT is subjective.
Weaknesses (W)
Opportunities (O)
Threats (T)
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Strategize:
SW Utilize the strengths to overcome the weakness
OS - Capitalize on the opportunities to eliminate the weakness
ST Maximize on your strengths to eliminate the external threats
OT Take advantage of the available opportunities to eliminate the
external threats.
Strategies/Activities:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Analysis:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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Transfer
Task 8: Designing a Logo
Directions: In a separate sheet of paper or in your notebook draw a logo that
you will use in your business. Provide a simple statement to describe your
logo.
Logo
Tagline
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QUARTER I
Overview
In this quarter, you will learn how tourism industry in the Philippines
was developed and managed through the collaborative efforts of the
government and private sectors in order to provide sustainable sources of
living for the people and build good tourism reputation for the country.
Tourism can be perceived to be boundless. We cannot just describe
tourism as a sort of leisure, services or business entity; in fact, it is a dynamic
trend that is continuously expanding. In 1993, the World Tourism
Organization defined tourism as the activities of persons travelling to and
staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one
consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes. All sectors
associated to this incidence comprises the tourism industry. The government,
non-government and private institutions have vital role in managing,
developing, promoting and protecting tourism in the country.
Upon every travelers endeavor in exploring different parts of the world,
there are travel agencies and travel management companies that can assist
them in realizing their travel plans. The course of study will explain in details
about the vital functions and organizational structure of TMC/travel agency as
intermediary between commercial establishments and clients. And most
importantly, you will also learn the steps to be undertaken upon establishing
and managing your own travel management business.
General Objectives
At the end of this quarter, learners are expected to:
1. understand the vital function of the Philippine Tourism Offices,
2. describe the role of the private sector in the Philippine Tourism
Industry;
3. describe the travel management companies and travel agencies;
4. state the functions of travel management companies (TMC) and
travel agencies;
5. explain the organizational structure of TMC/travel agency; and
6. plan to put up a travel agency
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6. What is the only government controlled tourism agency that has a board of
trustees institutionally drawn from both private and public sectors?
a. Philippine Tourism Authority
b. Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation
c. Department of Interior and Local Government
d. Department of Tourism
7. What government tourism agency is entitled for the collection of travel
taxes on individuals?
a. Department of Budget and Management
b. Bureau of Internal Revenue
c. Philippine Tourism Authority
d. Department of Finance
8. This establishment is suitable for motor travelers looking for inexpensive
lodging services for their own convenience?
a. Motel
b. Condotel
c. Corporate Hotel
d. Resort Hotel
9. What private tourism sector does the cruise ship belong?
a. Food and beverage
b. Transportation
c. Oil Company
d. Educational institution
10. This government agency is mandated to monitor the entry and exit of
foreign nationals in the country.
a. Department of Transportation and Communication
b. Department of Public Works and Highways
c. Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines
d. Bureau of Immigration
B. ANALOGY
Direction: Choose the letter that can best satisfy the missing
argument. Write the answer in your quiz notebook.
___________ 1. Rate-minus : commission as cost-plus : _______
a. professional fee
b. service fee
c. rental fee
d. markup fee
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Private Sector
List of Roles:
1. Undertake researches
2. Motivates the public to participate in tourism
3. Deals with public relations
4. Serves as gateway to the success of tourism
5. Provide physiological needs to tourists
6. Formulate tourism standards
7. Promotes the countrys tourism industry
8. Perform administrative services and support
9. Facilitate the mobility of goods and services
10. Provide comfort to tourists
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LESSON 1
(PT)
Icon for
Learning
Outcome
Grade 10
Learning Outcome 1
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. explain the role of National Tourism Office, its attached
agencies, and Local Government Unit in the tourism
industry;
2. define the role of the various sub-sectors that comprises
the tourism industry; and
3. recognize the vital functions of each government agency
in managing and developing the Philippine tourism.
The main responsibility of the government is to provide general
policies and regulations which will be complied by tourism sectors and subsectors. Implementing guidelines set by the government may pertain to
regulations of tourism establishments and investment, operations of the
tourism facilities, development of travel destinations, training and
development for tourism personnel, channel of communication among tourism
agencies and private sectors, provisions for researches, statistics, and
publication, marketing and promotions of tourism activities and others.
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Secretary of Tourism
Undersecretary for
Planning, Product
Development and
Coordination
Undersecretary
for Tourism
Promotion
Undersecretary
for Tourism
Services and
Regional Offices
Assistant secretary
for Internal Services
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Conventions
and Incentive
Travel
Advertising
and
Publications
PCVC
Corporate
Affair
Foreign
Offices
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Vision
The PTA is envisioned to be a self-government corporation,
contributing to the national development objectives, serves as the epitome of
public service as it pioneers sustainable, environmentally responsible,
socially responsive and culturally catalytic tourism development.
Mission
The PTA is committed to effectively and efficiently implement
sustainable tourism development undertakings as guided by the following
national development thrusts: cultural awakening, countryside development,
environmental conservation, foreign exchange generation, employment
creation, and poverty alleviation.
Functions
The functions of the PTA are:
1. To develop identified priority areas: Areas with vast tourism
potentials that are programmed for priority development as identified by DOT
under its Tourism Master Plan (TMP).
2. To operate, maintain, and promote facilities in pioneering capacity:
Solely owned or thru joint ventures, the PTA properties include resorts,
hotels, golf courses and other tourism facilities in the various areas of the
country.
3. To provide technical and financial assistance to qualified tourism
projects: Guidelines have been designed for project proposals to be
evaluated and recommended by the Corporate Planning Department for
priority development by granting technical and/or financial assistance.
4. To generate revenues to fund national and corporate development
undertakings: Travel tax collection is PTAs main source of income. Travel
tax is a levy imposed by the government on individuals (citizens of the
Philippines, and permanent resident aliens who have stayed in the country
for more than a year) who are leaving the country irrespective of the place
where the air ticket is issued and the form and place of payment, as provided
for by Presidential Decree No. 1183 as amended by Presidential Decree No.
1205, Batas Pambansa Blg. 38, and Executive Order No. 283 on travel tax.
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B. QUICKWRITES
Directions: Shortly explain the roles and responsibilities of the
following Department of Tourism offices.
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
Undersecretary for
Planning, Product and
Development and Coordination
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
Assistant Secretary for
_
Internal Services
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
_
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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Icon for
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Outcome
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Have you ever experienced to travel? Where was your most distant
travel experience? Filipinos are really fun of going to places, mingling with
people of different culture, tasting delicacies in the regions, and explore new
places they have never been before.
We do travel for various reasons, some visit places for leisure, while
others travel for business purposes. Many travel for both leisure and business
such as when the board of directors of a certain company agrees to hold their
meeting in a beach resort in Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro; some
employees might decide to extend their stay for a couple of days to enjoy,
relax and escape from the everyday routine of their work.
Travelling nowadays has been made easier as compared before. With
just a few clicks in the computer, you can book for reservation, secure travel
documents, and then off you go to the desired destination. You will not worry
anymore of being stranded or being lost in places you have never been before
because there are tourism sectors, public and private transports that will
surely guide you on your way home in a safe and convenient manner.
For you to understand the role of the private sector in Philippine tourism
and travel, let us classify the sub-sectors into six (6) major travel-related
industries.
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1. Transportation Sector
Transportation is the gateway to the success of tourism; without roads,
bridges, sea vessels, and airplanes, travelling to far places will not be
possible. The transportation sector exists in various forms whether by air,
land, and sea.
By Air
During the beginning years of the airline
industry in the Philippines in 1960s, the industry
was contained in a one country, one plain policy;
making the Philippine Airlines as the virtual
monopoly in the airline sector. As the deregulation
of domestic airline industry took effect in 1970s,
many investors found interest to join in the growing business trend. At present,
travelers have better options to choose the right airline company that can
satisfy their travelling preference and finances.
Here are the list of some commercial airlines that have good service
reputation and compliant to the standards set by the Civil Aviation Authority of
the Philippines.
AirAsia Zest
Cebu Pacific
Fil-Asian Airways
PAL Express
Philippine Airlines
Philippine AirAsia
Sky Pasada
Spirit of Manila Airlines
Tigerair Philippines
SEAIR International
By Land
According to the National Statistics
Coordination Board, as of 2011 there are already
7,138,942 registered motor vehicles in the
country; this includes the 788,372 cars, 1,764,865
utility
vehicles,
8,769
buses,
3,206,255
motorcycles/tricycles, and 291,746 trucks. For that
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particular year alone, the total passenger traffic had reached to 49,815,295. In
the year 2008, railway transports in the country had carried 346.1 million
passengers which comprises to a total of 4.6 billion pesos revenue.
All land transportation entities such as public bus companies, tour bus
companies, tricycle associations, rail transport companies, taxicabs and car
rentals belong to this sector. Here are some of the noted private land transport
companies in the Philippines:
Public buses Philtranco, Santrans, Victory Liner, Mega Bus Line,
Baliwag Transit, Bataan Transit Co.,Bicol Isarog Transport System Inc.,
Calamba Megatrans, Inc., Dagupan Bus Co., Dimple Star Transport
(Iloilo), Dominion Bus Lines, First North Luzon Transit, Five Star Bus
Company, Lucena Lines, Northstar Transport Inc., Philippine Rabbit,
Silver Star, etc.
Railway Transport Philippine National Railways (PNR), Manila Light
Rail Transit System (LRT-1 and MRT-2), Manila Metro Rail Transit
(MRT-3)
Taxi and car rentals Avis, Budget Rent-A-Car, Dollar Rent-A-Car,
R&E Transport, Nissan Rent-A-Car
By the Sea
There are also various modes of
transportation that can be experienced by
tourists in their journey to the waves of the sea.
Philippine Ports Authority revealed that in 2012,
there are a total of 49,998,936 passengers who
had travelled in the sea through shipping
vessels. The usual means is by travelling through shipping lines such as
Sulpicio Lines, Aboitiz & Co., and William Lines. But if you want better comfort
and relaxing ambiance, why not try travelling in a cruise ship. In shipping, the
vessel carries both the cargos and passengers with limited amenities and
facilities yet offers affordable travel fare; while in cruises, the vessel is solely
dedicated for passengers comfort and one of a kind travel experience,
offering first class facilities and amenities, and flexible travel routes. Lastly,
traveling through the ferry will be the best solution for shipping in shortdistance trip such as from the entry point in Sorsogon crossing the sea to
Samar, or may be from Batangas City to Calapan City.
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2. Oil Companies
Oil companies play important role in the
tourism industry since the fuel is the core source
of energy in all modes of transportation that are
motor operated. All actions of the tourism
industry lie dependently to the oil companies in
terms of people and goods mobility from one
place to another. Furthermore, an increase in the fuel price will rapidly affect
the economic stability of the country. Among many of the oil companies that
can be named in every road of the countrys territory, there are three major oil
players that stand out and significantly affecting the consuming public,
namely: Pilipinas Shell Petroleum Corporation, Chevron Philippines (formerly
Caltex), and Total Philippines (an independent oil firm). Union groups in the
country often call them as the big three.
3. Lodging Industry
As we always say, there is no place like
home. There is really no place in the world
indeed that could ever replace the comfort and
security that can be felt inside our own residence,
but what the lodging industry tries to offer is the
superb experience that you may remember for the rest of your life.
There are plenty of lodging establishments in the country that can
satisfy every guests needs for relaxation and delightful endeavors during their
stay. Filipinos are naturally hospitable that makes the lodging industry a very
competitive sector in the Philippines.
Lodging properties in various establishments vary depending on the
strategic location, luxury of facilities and amenities, number and size of room,
management standards, types of guests they cater and other factors.
Hotel Like any other lodging establishments, hotels provide shortterm accommodation services primarily as a comfortable place for
sleeping. For hotel guests, it is more than just a place where they can
spend the night but also a wonderful venue to experience luxury in its
amenities. Hotels can be categorized as:
o Resort Hotel It has amenities and facilities that guests can use
for their recreation such as swimming pool, golf course, food
chains, fitness gym, etc. These hotels are usually situated near the
beaches, theme parks and tourist attractions.
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Hotel
Shopping Mall
Motorcycle
Cafeteria
Lodging
Public Buses
Amusement Park
Restaurant
Ferry
Food and
Beverage
Concert
Apartel
Zipline
Festival
Attraction and
Activities
B. QUICKWRITES
Direction: Shortly explain the difference between the two key terms
presented below.
Cruise
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Hotel
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Ship
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Motel
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Recreation/Leisure
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Entertainment
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
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2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
Enhancement
Activity
SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
Direction: Answer the following questions in any clean sheet of paper.
1. What are the vital roles of the government and private sectors in
the Philippine Tourism industry?
2. What will be the possible conflicts if the tourism policies of the
government are not communicated well to the public?
3. Given the chance to become the Secretary of Tourism, what
policies will you impose to better improve the Tourism Industry of
our country?
4.
Lets Do it!
Research Time
Choose your desired topic to research on the internet.
Topic # 1: Puerto Princesa Subterranean River
Topic # 2: Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park
Topic # 3: Coron Island
Visit websites associated to the chosen topic and compile information
about the following areas:
1. Unique descriptions of the tourist destination
2. Government and NGO environmental protection programs
3. Role of the public in the preservation of the environment and
heritage sites
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Direction:
Let the teacher
assess your
product in the
following critical
task and
performance
criteria.
Level
Achieved
PERFORMANCE LEVELS
10 - Can perform this skill without supervision and
with initiative and adaptability to problem situations.
7 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily without
assistance or supervision.
5 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily but requires
some assistance and/or supervision.
3- Can perform parts of this skill satisfactorily, but
requires considerable assistance and/or supervision.
Instructor will initial level achieved.
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LESSON 2
Icon for
Learning
Outcome
Grade 10
Have you ever tried to plan for your travel vacation? It seems to be a
very exciting activity but you might end up disappointed in dealing with
difficulties on how and at what point you can start. There are so many
concerns that should be arranged and rigid matters to research on in
travelling; whether looking for the best travel destination in magazines or
internet that can satisfy your limited budget, securing for the necessary travel
documents, plus the hassle of packing your clothes and personal necessities.
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Middleman/Travel Agency
Vendee/Customers
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can also impose markup on the net cost of products forwarded by the vendor
or known as net-plus which are normally beyond the understanding of the
customer.
The New Trend
Innovations brought by the computer technology have great impact on
the way travel agencies function nowadays. Through the internet, people can
already book their flights directly with airline companies, reserve for rooms on
different hotels through the Computerized Reservation System (CRS) and a
Global Distribution System (GDS). This time, travel agency is no more an
agent for the vendor or a seller to the vendee; but a partner to both of the
parties. They are now called as Travel Management Company (TMC).
Commercial Entities
Customers
A TMC is responsible for providing assistance to the vendees in terms
of finding the best supplier of travel products that can satisfy their needs at
their convenience and with their purchasing power. TMCs conduct evaluation
of the vendee to determine preferences and budget then find the best match
based on the vendors audited assets. TMCs will also manage and negotiate
with all travel processes of the vendee. In return, TMCs will explain and
charge a professional fee from the vendee or the cost-plus. Unlike netplus, the cost-plus is openly communicated to the vendee.
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R
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B. QUICKWRITE
Direction: Differentiate the words in Column A from Column B.
Rate-Minus
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Cost-Plus
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Vendor
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Vendee
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Travel Agency
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
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2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
Icon for
Learning
Outcome
Which of these ways do you think would be the best thing to do to find
the best travel deal that suits your budget: browsing the magazine, searching
the internet, or consulting a TMC/travel agency? Majority of you might choose
the second option which is browsing the internet. Well, you are right that the
World Wide Web is really a good source to search on and many travelers
today transact their travel deals online. However, it is also true that many
travel deals posted on some websites are only scams or may have some
hidden charges behind the declared deal rates. In this case, you would need
somebody or an expert to help you out in finding the right travel deal that will
not go beyond your budget such as travel management companies or travel
agencies.
Here are some of the advantages that customers may get from
booking in a TMC/travel agency:
1. They are experts in their field - Travel agents will surely find the best
travel solution since they are professionals in doing this kind of job everyday.
2. They conserve time and effort for you They gather information from
suppliers and clients, arrange company agreements, coordinate details of the
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travel plans and file the needed documents. You have nothing to worry about
because somebody is doing the tasks for you.
3. They know the best supplier Travel management businesses have a
wide range of company linkages and profiles. They compare price rates and
marketability of the travel products from one company to another and will not
stop until they find the most economical and desirable deal for you.
4. They take charge of responsibilities Whenever things go wrong,
conflicts are immediately resolved by the company since travel agents have
direct attachments to customers. Unlike online travel transactions, there is no
guarantee that your problems will be addressed since some hotline centers of
online agencies may either be understaffed or not existing at all.
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B. QUICKWRITE
Direction: Complete the diagram below
understanding about the details of the concept given.
by
Grade 10
writing
your
___________
___________
___________
___________
_____
___________
___________
___________
___________
________
Functions
of a
TMC/Travel
Agency
__________
__________
__________
__________
_____
__________
__________
__________
__________
_____
___________
___________
___________
___________
_____
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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Administration
Department
Operations
Department
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Administrative Manager
Accountant
Cashier
Bookkeeper
Collectors
Personnel
2. Operations
The Operations Department acts as the implementer in the delivery of
the companys core product which is to serve as intermediary between the
suppliers and the client. Among big TMC/travel agency, operations is subdivided into two divisions namely: Travel Operations and Tour Operations.
Travel Supervisor
Documentations
Supervisor
Travel Counselor
Reservations
Officer
Ticketing
Officer
Liaison
Officer
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Operations Supervisor
Field Supervisor
.
Quotations
Reservations
Tour
Coordinator
Courier
Messenger
Tour Guides
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2. It takes care of any activities that may bring public awareness about the
company and the products or services it offers.
4. It is responsible for the processing and delivery of the actual tour activities
in the field as included in the itinerary.
6. This department segment will benefit when the marketing plans are
effectively delivered to the consuming public.
7. It acts as the implementer in the delivery of the companys core product
which is to serve as intermediary between the suppliers and the client.
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9. He/she monitors the normal office services catered by the TMC such as
advising, information seeking, processing, reserving and ticketing, and
securing of the travel documents for the clients.
B. QUICKWRITE
Direction: Complete the diagram below
understanding about the details of the concept given.
by
writing
your
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
Characteristics of
TMC/ Travel
Agency
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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DTI / SEC
Mayors Permit
Certificate of Occupancy
Barangay Clearance
Surety Bond
Latest Income Tax Return
Tour Packages with Tariff
Department of
Tourism
Local Government
Unit
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B. QUICKWRITES
Direction: Write your understanding about the following forms of
business ownership.
1.
Sole Proprietorship
2.
3.
1.
Partnership
2.
3.
1.
Corporation
2.
3.
Enhancement
Activity
SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
Direction: Answer the following questions in any clean sheet of paper.
1. What is the difference between Travel Agency and Travel
Management Company?
2. What are the things that you should remember in establishing your
own business?
3. Are Travel Management Companies/Travel Agencies affected by
the existence of the World Wide Web? Why or why not?
4. In your own view, how can a TMC/Travel agency adjust to the
changing trends in the travel and tourism industry?
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Lets Do it!
Role Playing
Divide the class into five groups. Ask each group to role play on the
following topics:
Group # 1: Travelers planning for a vacation
Group # 2: Travel agent assisting a client
Group # 3: Travel agent gathering information based on the travelers
preference and budget
Group # 4: Tour operator guiding the clients in the field
Group # 5: Clients giving their feedback toward the tour operators
performance during the tour activities
Performance of the group will be evaluated using the scoring rubrics
below:
OVER ALL EVALUATION
Direction:
Let the teacher
assess your
performance in
the following
critical task and
performance
criteria.
Level
Achieved
PERFORMANCE LEVELS
10 - Can perform this skill without supervision and
with initiative and adaptability to problem situations.
7 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily without
assistance or supervision.
5 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily but requires
some assistance and/or supervision.
3- Can perform parts of this skill satisfactorily, but
requires considerable assistance and/or supervision.
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B. ANALOGY
Direction: Supply the word/phrase that can satisfy the missing
argument. Write only the letter of your answer on the space provided.
___________ 1. Supplier : _______ as Vendee : Client
a. Government agencies
b. Commercial establishments
c. Traveler
d. Travel agency
___________ 2. ______ : Agent as Travel Management Company : Partner
a. Commercial establishments
b. Client
c. Lodging industry
d. Travel agency
___________ 3. Rate-minus : commission as cost-plus : _______
a. professional fee
b. service fee
c. rental fee
d. markup fee
___________ 4. Personnel : Human resource as Finance : _______
a. Ticketing
b. Record keeping
c. Cash disbursement
d. Public awareness
___________ 5. Lodging : Transportation as Marketing : ______
a. Sightseeing
b. Travel
c. Tourism
d. Operations
___________ 6. Government : Policy making as Private sector : _______
a. Accrediting/licensing
b. Policy implementing
c. Peace and Order
d. Marketing
___________ 7. Amusement Park : Attraction as _______ : Lodging
a. Cafeteria
b. Theater
c. Bus Line
d. Motel
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2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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QUARTER II
Overview
Filipinos are naturally travelers; this is manifested by our diverse
culture and history for having strong family ties and hosts of festive religious
and cultural events. Many of these social gatherings are rooted from the
desire to appreciate and give thanks to Gods abundant blessings in our land.
Traveling is not just joining the celebrations of our countrymen but a good
opportunity to share values, harmony, and culture.
Nowadays, tourism really changed the way every traveler thinks upon
visiting places. More than the majestic sceneries of nature, some travelers
still search for attractions that will let them feel the excitement and thrill run
through their veins. Perhaps, many enjoy recreational activities when they are
together with their family; while others prefer traveling alone for convenience
or because of limited budget. There are indeed a lot of reasons that lead
people to travel.
In this part of the learning resource, you will learn the different factors
that motivate or de-motivate travelers in engaging with different traveling
activities; also, on how to match the travel market and the destination
according to the travelers preference. As beginner travelers, it is important to
assess and evaluate the tourist destination to be visited, as well as to know
the appropriate use of travel guides such as map and compass in order to
ensure your safety and comfort upon going to places you have never been
before.
At the later part of the quarter, you will recognize the vital role of travel
agencies/TMCs and how they adapt to the new trends in the travel distribution
cycle from using Computerized Reservation System (CRS) to Global
Distribution System (GDS). You will become familiar with some of the major
GDS that travel agencies/TMCs use in performing their business online.
Lastly, this learning resource will hone your skills in navigating with the
Amadeus GDS and how to use some of its basic commands.
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General
Objectives
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General Objectives
At the end of this quarter, learners are expected to:
1. identify the markets and destination;
2. discuss the types of tourism;
3. assess and match travel destination suitable for travelers;
4. read and interpret map;
5. recognize famous tourist destinations in the world;
6. practice the internet and e-travel commerce;
7. describe the capabilities of Global Distribution System (GDS);
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8. Part of the map that details the different items that can be seen in the areas
of the map like the name, countries and capital cities
a. Label
b. Legend
c. Compass Rose
d. Title
9. This map is intended to describe the state and national boundaries of
places.
a. Physical Map
b. Topography Map
c. Climatic Map
d. Political Map
10. A narrow strip of land between two large bodies of water
a. Archipelago
b. Isthmus
c. Island
d. Peninsula
11. The IATA area where the Middle East belongs
a. Area I
b. Area II
c. Area III
d. Area IV
12. It is the most visited country in the world
a. Russia
b. Spain
c. France
d. Japan
13. The Bay Island of Honduras is part of this land area
a. Central America
b. Middle East
c. New Zealand
d. South Africa
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14. All of the following are advantages of the internet in the travel business,
except
a. It avoids payment of commissions on the part of customer
b. It gives the customer the freedom to gain control over the search
c. It ignores personal motivation
d. It reduces paperwork
15. The first computerized information system used primarily to store and
retrieve clients data
a. Computerized Reservation System (CRS)
b. Global Distribution System (GDS)
c. Personal Reference Number (PNR)
d. World Wide Web (WWW)
16. A European Global Distribution System founded by AirFrance, Iberia
Lufthansa and SAS
a. Sabre
b. Worldspan
c. Galileo
d. Amadeus
17. The aim of this type of tourism is to acquaint travelers to the way of life of
the natives which includes their customs and traditions
a. Historical Tourism
b. Cultural Tourism
c. Culinary Tourism
d. Adventure Tourism
18. The tendency of a big family to refrain from traveling activities because of
inconvenience and high cost of expenditures belong to what travel demotivator?
a. Lack of interest
b. Lack of time
c. Family stage
d. Family bonding
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19. The clients tendency to travel more often if they have better educational
attainment pertain to what market variable?
a. Socio-economic
b. Product-related
c. Psychographic
d. Physiological
20. Which of the following map guides is not aligned together with the
Altitudes?
a. Equator
b. Prime Meridian
c. Arctic Circle
d. Tropics of Cancer
B. SPOT THE UNLIKE
Direction: Identify the word or phrase that is not included in the
group. Then write it on your answer sheet.
1.
Male
Married
First class flight seat
College graduate,
25 years old
2.
Festivals
Inexpensive fare
Company sponsored events
Busy work schedule
Fine weather
3.
Mode of Transportation
Safety
Social recognition
Relaxation
Family bonding
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4.
Ayala y Compaia
Pintados Festival
House of Apacible
Barasoain Church
Santa Cruz Fort
5.
Taal Volcano
Agusan Marsh
Batanes Islands
Tubbataha Reef
Makati Medical Center
6.
Fantasy World
Burnham Park
Water Rafting
Ocean Adventure
Star City
7.
Budget Traveler
Transportation
Infrastructure
Attraction
Hospitality
8.
Ocean
Plateau
Bay
Strait
Gulf
9.
Indonesia
Vietnam
Ireland
Jordan
New Zealand
10.
Sabre
Amadeus
Galileo
StarCruise
Worldspan
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LESSON 1
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Outcome
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Have you ever experience an instance when you invite a close friend
to attend your party; but in spite of your dedication, he/she was not able to
come due to unexpected circumstances? You might feel disappointed during
that moment but try to assess first the reason behind your friends decision to
miss such a memorable event in your life. Sometimes, people change plans
not to hurt others but to address some sort of priorities.
The same reason applies to the travel industry. There are various
factors that may affect a persons decision to travel. As discussed in the
previous quarter, people generally travel for leisure, business purposes or
often both. People who have the tendency to avail and realize their travel
plans are referred to as the Market. On the other hand, the places to be
visited that are elaborated on tour packages of travel agencies pertain to the
Destination. In some cases, travelers make adjustments or cancellation of
their travel plans because of various factors that you will learn in this lesson.
Travel Motivators
Travel motivators are factors that invite or push a person to travel. If
your boss decides to schedule company meeting in a prestigious hotel in
Cebu, the call of your duty as employee is your motivator. Other travel
motivators are related to:
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1. Physical
This describes motivations that have direct effect on travelers
physical body and is associated to relaxation and stress releasing; on the way
they feel, see, hear, smell, and taste. Mountaineers visit places with exciting
mountain trails and overviewing sceneries such as such as Mt. Pulag in
Luzon and Mt. Apo in Mindanao.
2. Cultural
This is a type of motivator related to discovering other peoples
tradition, history, and way of life. Many feel excited about the Sinulog festival
of Cebu City or visit native restaurants in the culinary capital of the
Philippines Pampanga to meet, explore, and share cultures with people.
3. Interpersonal
It is somehow connected to Cultural motives since both deals with
meeting people. This motivator however is more of personal fulfillment upon
making new friends and keeping the old ones which is often neglected or
forgotten as we grow old like own childhood playmates, cousins and relatives.
Apart from home, rejoice in the memories of old times and escape from rigid
routines of the current life.
4. Status and Prestige
This motivates travelers to achieve a better outlook in life through
achievements, distinguished social status and recognitions they receive from
people in the visited place. The capability of a person to travel places
especially for leisure somehow connotes richness, good education and
pleasant quality of life from the point of view of natives; and therefore, they
often treat visitors with respect and hospitality because of such impression.
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Travel De-motivators
This describes a situation, condition, and matters that may bring
changes or lead to cancellation of an agreed travel deal with the travel
agency. Such incident often results to frustration on the part of the traveler
since that original motive to pursue is blocked. There are various factors that
de-motivate travelers, these include:
1. Cost of Travel
Money is the most powerful motivating and de-motivating effect
among consumers. The family normally allocates their funds first for availing
the basic needs such as food, house rental, and clothes; while leisure
activities like traveling is only secondary in priority and only if there are still
sufficient funds available. As a form of motivation for travelers, travel-related
businesses regularly release discounted fare promos only for particular
periods of time such as the PisoFare and other Airline Promos. But in time of
insufficiency, families still prefer to remain in their houses than traveling to get
rid of expenses unless they are pushed by unavoidable motives.
2. Lack of Time
Company employees who have regular whole day work schedules
and only rest once a week will surely find it hard to book for a two-days-onenight travel tour due to busy schedule.
3. Health
In some cases, it is not advisable for people suffering in sickness to
travel due to complications that they might get from the stressful trip,
discomfort of being seated for a long time and sensitivity of their wounds to
exposed environment.
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4. Family Stage
There are conditions in the family that might affect in their desire to
travel. For example, if some family members will not be present during the
slated time of the trip because of their commitment and activities in school or
office, vacation plans will probably be postponed. Big families will limit the
instances of traveling to avoid certain inconvenience which they may get from
hard to manage children and expensive travel fares.
5. Lack of Interest
People sometimes decline opportunities for traveling if they do not
anymore feel the thrill and excitement in discovering places and people.
Some factors may be: they have already been in the place and not expecting
any difference anymore; lack of public information about the destination, and
others.
6. Fear and Safety
Some have fears in traveling because of traumatic experiences in
their childhood, and the bad impressions that public media unintentionally
create in the mind of the travelers.
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Market variables
There are three (3) identified variables related to the travelers
individual differences that cause the travel market to divide into distinct
groups, namely:
1. Socio-Economic and Demographics Variables
These are factors affecting the human social processes and
population characteristics in relation to travel and tourism tendencies. Some
of the aspects include:
Age - As people grow older, the desires and activities are gradually
reduced to a more tranquil and relaxing recreational activities. On the
other hand, the younger generation is adventurous and feels excited
about every new thing that travel destinations may reveal to them.
Civil Status Clients who are not yet establishing their own family
has the greater tendency to avail of travel products and services since
they have lesser family-related responsibilities as compared to those
already married. However, it is also the family that drives individuals to
travel especially for parents who wish to build strong bonding among
their children and let their children experience learning which becomes
even more memorable when they are together with their love ones.
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2. Product-Related Variables
These are factors related to the desirability of the travel products
offered by the travel agency towards their clients. Travel products are
matched according to various aspects that can satisfy every clients
requirements such as:
Length of stay whether same-day visit, overnight, or longer stay for
couple of days. Appropriate length of stay must be set according to the
destination or activities. Perhaps, a one-night stay in a resort or beach
will not be enough for relaxation, nor will a whole week visit to a theme
park or animal zoo. It is quite a long time for travelers who wish to just
view its major attractions.
3. Psychographic Variables
The study of psychographics deals with human personality, values,
attitudes, interests, and lifestyles. Abraham Maslow in his Hierarchy of
Needs explained that people are motivated to achieve certain needs. When
one need is fulfilled, a person seeks to fulfill the next one, and so on.
Therefore, the following needs of man for travel must be satisfied:
Physiological
The need to escape from the everyday work environment,
relaxation, relief from tension, and stress
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Safety
The need to have a sense of wellbeing, health, and recreation
Belonging
The need for family bonding, companionship, social interaction,
personal and family ties
Esteem
The need for prestige, social recognition, ego-enhancement,
personality development
Cognitive
The need for cultural, educational, and interest resulting to
learning
Aesthetics
The need for appreciation of environment, scenery, arts and
sciences
Travel De-Motivators
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B. IDENTIFICATION
Direction: Determine what factors affect the travel market are being
described below; whether Socio-Economic, Product-Related, or
Psychographic. Write your answer on the space provided.
______________ 1. Civil Status
_______________2. Family bonding
_______________3. Business Travel Deals
_______________4.First class passenger seat
_______________5. Number of Dependents
_______________6. Appreciation of Historical Landmarks
_______________7. Discounted Travel Fare
_______________8. Educational Attainment
_______________9. Social Recognition
_______________10. Number of hours spend in traveling
C. ESSAY
Direction: Explain the following questions in a clean sheet of paper.
1. How do people benefit from traveling to different places?
2. What is the role of a travel agency in setting the mood of a traveler upon
decision making?
3. How do travel agency benefit from understanding clients behavior and
preference?
SCORING RUBRICS FOR ASSESSING THE ESSAY
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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Parraw Regatta
Pahiyas Sa Quezon
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Maskara Festival
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Via Crusis
Ati-Atihan
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Water Rafting
Rock Climbing
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Chocolate Hills
Tubbataha Reef
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Sisig
Batchoy
Pancit Malabon
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Then, after the stressful treatment, patients may decide to visit some
tourist attractions near the place to make way for enjoyment. Here are some
of the world class medical facilities in the country:
- St. Lukes Medical Center
- Makati Medical Center
- Manila Doctor Hospital
- Metropolitan Medical Center
- University of Perpetual Help Dalta Medical Center
- World Citi Medical Center
- Manila Philippine Orthopedic Institute
- Institut Santre NuHart Hair Clinic
- Instituto Estetico Manila Enhance Cosmetic Surgery and Skin Care
Center
- Beverly Hills 6750 Cosmetic Surgery and Skin Institute
- Eye Republic Ophthalmology Clinic
8. Recreational Tourism These pertain to attractions that visitors can enjoy
to relax, bond with the family members and friends during their leisure time
which includes national parks, amusement parks, zoo, theme parks, botanical
garden, resorts and beaches, concert hall, coliseum, shopping malls, sports
centers, theaters and movie houses, and others. Some of the recommended
attractions to visit are:
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Sky Ranch
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Historical
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Adventure
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Cultural
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Environmental
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Medical
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
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Religious
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Culinary
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Recreational
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
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B. ESSAY
Direction: Answer the following questions in a clean sheet of paper.
1. What is the difference between travel packages offered for leisure travelers
and business travelers?
2. Why is it important to determine the kind of tourism that can be offered in
different places?
3. As leisure traveler, how does your interest affect your decision to choose
the right travel destination?
SCORING RUBRICS FOR ASSESSING THE ESSAY
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
Learning Outcome 3
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. know the criteria for assessing destination traits and
attractions;
2. apply the criteria to assess a specific destination traits
and attractions; and
3. evaluate the desirability of the travel destination.
After a long travel adventure, it became a habit to everyone of us to
talk about the experiences that we had along the journey; some often do this
while sitting on a sofa together with friends sipping a cup of coffee. Actually,
the conversation is not only about the attractions in the place, but also on
what you observed, performed, and enjoyed along the trip. After all, industries
believe that the best form of advertisement is the word-of-mouth or personal
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referrals. What people say about your business and the products and
services it offer matters a lot. As you satisfy every customer, they will never
stop talking about it until almost everybody knows about the good news that
you have a business that is one of a kind.
Setting good impression about the characteristics of the destination or
place to be visited significantly affects the decision of the visitors to pursue
their travel.
Prior to a travelers visit, one must consider first some factors that may
bring fulfillment or struggle on the endeavor such as:
1. Transportation Is the place accessible enough to all modes of
transportation whether by air, land, or sea? Is the distance from one
destination to another not consume much of your time? Is it safe enough to
move to different places? How much budget will be allocated for traveling?
2. Infrastructure How well is the development in the place in terms
of street and road conditions, state of airports and piers, and stability of
buildings and establishments? Does the place address the travelers need for
water, electricity, communications and sewage?
3. Attraction How desirable is the travel package in terms of
inclusive attractions in every destination? How much will it cost to avail the
travel product? Are there discounts and promos? Are there restrictions to be
observed?
4. Hospitality How accommodating are the service staffs in the
establishment? Does the tour cater for exclusive or general public services?
Are the establishments generous enough to let tourists use all their facilities
and amenities?
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Destination Evaluation
As you are done with all the enjoyment and tiring activities, it is about
time for you to evaluate the quality of service offered in the travel. To help you
decide on this aspect, here are some key indicators for you to review.
1. Accessibility Were there any distractions that led you to consume longer
time in moving from one place to another like traffic or road constructions?
Are there available transport facilities in the place for the entire day?
2. Comfort and Convenience Did the local staffs and private personnel of
establishments assist you willingly? Did the travel establishment provide all
basic the needs of guests in terms of appetizing food, conducive/comfortable
lodging facilities, fast internet and phone connections, sponsored personal
necessities like toothbrush, bath soap, towel, etc.?
3. Education and Entertainment Did you learn new things from your
travel? Did these experiences bring you fulfillment, relaxation, and delight?
4. Service, Safety and Security Did the trip met your expectation as
leisure/business traveler? Did you feel the safety and belongingness in the
places you visited?
3. Were there any distractions that led you to consume a longer time in
moving from one place to another like traffic or road constructions?
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5. Did the local staff and private personnel of establishments assist you
willingly?
10. Did you feel the safety and belongingness in the places you visited?
B. QUICKWRITE
Direction: Complete the diagram below
understanding about the details of the concept given.
Budget Traveler
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
Types of Traveler
______________________
___________________
by
writing
your
Regular Traveler
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
High-End Traveler
______________________
______________________
______________________
___________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
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8. Altitudes These describe the imaginary horizontal lines that runs from
east to west of the map. Some other important lines that runs through the
Altitudes are:
- Equator the imaginary line situated at the middle of the earth
- Tropics of Cancer the imaginary line 23 degrees north of the
Equator
- Tropic of Capricorn the imaginary line 23 degrees south of the
Equator
- Arctic Circle the imaginary line that surrounds the North Pole
where the Arctic is located.
- Antarctic Circle the imaginary line that surrounds the South Pole
where the Antarctic is located.
9. Absolute and Relative Location The absolute location pertains to the
place on earth that fall exactly at the point where the altitude and longitude
meets; whereas, relative location describes any place surrounding the altitude
and longitude.
10. Inset Map This pertains to a larger scale
representation of a portion of the map and is usually
projected on the uncluttered side of the map.
11. Locator Map It shows the highlighted area of
land and its location into the context of the globe.
Land Forms
Continent a huge connected bodies of land
Island a mass of land surrounded by water
Archipelago islands surrounded by water
Isthmus a narrow strip of land between two large bodies of water
Peninsula large projection of land into water
Plateau an elevated land mass with flat surface on its crest
Cape a projection of land into water
Mountain an elevated land mass that is peaked
Elevation the height of land above sea level
Volcano a land mass the same with mountain but emits lava and other
materials when active
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Bodies of Water
Ocean the largest body of water that makes up 2/3 of the earths surface.
The different oceans that surround the earth are the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian,
and Arctic.
Sea second to the largest body of water. Some of which are the Black Sea,
Dead Sea, and Caspian Sea
Gulf a large body of water that extends beyond into land
Bay a smaller body of water than the Gulf that protrudes into land
Lake a body of water surrounded by land
Strait the water passage between lands
Fjords narrow inlets of sea between steep slopes
Types of Maps
Maps vary depending on the details and purpose it is intended. Here
are some of the common types of maps to be remembered:
1. Physical Map It identifies all landforms and bodies of water that can be
found in different parts of the earth.
2. Topography Map It is somewhat similar to the Physical Map for showing
different landforms and bodies of water; but instead of colors, contour lines
are used to illustrate the elevation and changes in the landscape of the earth
features.
3. Thematic Map More than the usual details of lands and bodies of water,
it also includes some additional information for the convenience of travelers
such as climatic condition in the place, population density, economic activity,
historical trends, and political boundaries.
4. Political Map This map is intended to describe the state and national
boundaries of places.
5. Climate Map This describes the kind of climate that can be expected by
travelers in the place of visit. Climatic zones are scientifically determined
through measuring the amount of temperature, rainfall or snow, humidity,
number of cloudy days and other conditions in the place.
6. Economic or Resource Map It determines the presence of natural
resources in the area which are marked with specific colors and symbols in
the Legend.
7. Road Map It is the most common type of map that is widely used by
travelers. This specifies the major highways and roads in the area that
travelers may tract to arrive at the desired destination.
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B. Map Locator
C. Climate map
D. Political map
E. Longitude
F. Scale
G. Economic map
I. Legend
H. Isthmus
J. Topography map
______8. It shows the highlighted area of land and
its location into the context of the globe.
K. Lake
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B. QUICKWRITE
Direction: Shortly explain the difference between the two given
terms below.
Altitude
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Longitude
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Physical Map
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Topography Map
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Absolute Location
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Relative Location
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Island
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Archipelago
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Inset map
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Locator map
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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Learning Outcome 5
Grade 10
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. identify the International Air Transportation Association
(IATA) areas;
2. describe political boundaries and topography in each
IATA area of operation; and
3. locate countries and cities and describe the tourist
attractions.
The International Air Transportation Association (IATA) is the trade
association that formulates industry policy and standards to ensure safety,
security, work simplification of the airline operations across the globe. The
headquarters of IATA is situated in Montreal, Canada. It represents around
240 airlines or more than 84% of the total air traffic.
In order to employ effective supervision of airline industries and better
understand the expanse of locations worldwide, IATA identified three (3)
areas of operations:
Area I It is composed of all the North and South American Continent and
the adjacent islands, Greenland, Bermuda, the West Indies and the islands of
the Caribbean Sea, the Hawaiian Islands.
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Niagara Falls
Washington, D.C.
Machu Picchu
Angel Falls
Rio de Janeiro
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Lago de Atitln
Panama City
Isla de Ometepe
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London, England
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Paris,France
Rome, Italy
o London. England
o Paris, France
o Rome, Italy
o Barcelona, Spain
o Dublin, Ireland
o Madrid, Spain
o Amsterdam, The Netherlands
o Prague, Czech Republic
o Vienna, Austria
o Moscow, Russia
Middle East is the land with great concentration of Islamic nations
around the southern and eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea,
extending from Morocco to the Arabian Peninsula and Iran and
sometimes beyond. The central area was formerly known as Near
East. The states or territories of this region include Turkey, Lebanon,
Cyprus, Iraq, Syria, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait,
Yemen, Oman, Sudan, Libya, Bahrain, Qatar and United Arab
Emirates. Tourist attractions in the Middle East are uniquely different
from other places because of the influence of rich Islamic culture,
history and civilizations. Some territories of vast deserts are now
transforming into beautiful cities to make way for industrialization and
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Cairo, Egypt
Petra, Jordan
Istanbul, Turkey
o Petra, Jordan
o Sanaa, Yemen
o Qalat, Bahrain
o Sabratha, Libya
o Cairo, Egypt
o Istanbul, Turkey
o Dubai, United Arab Emirates
o Jerusalem, Israel
o Doha, Qatar
Africa is the second to the largest continent and also second to the
most populated region in the world. It is about 30.2 million square
kilometers (11.7 million square miles) including the adjacent islands or
6% of the earths surface area. Algeria has the largest land area. The
continent is surrounded by bodies of water; Mediterranean Sea to the
north, Suez Canal and Red Sea to the Northeast, Indian Ocean to the
Southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the West. There are 54
recognized sovereign countries, 9 territories, and 2 independent states
with limited or no recognition encompassing the entire African
Continent. Among these territories, Nigeria has the largest population
of estimated 173.6 million which is the seventh largest in the world in
2013. In terms of tourism, 49.5 million international tourists arrived in
Africa in 2011. This is an increase of 0.85 over 2010. Some of the best
tourist attractions in Africa are:
Marrakech, Morocco
Carthage, Tunisia
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o
o
o
o
o
o
o
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Area III It covers all Asia and the adjacent islands, except that portion
included in IATA Area II, all of the East Indies, Australia, New Zealand and
adjacent islands, the islands of the Pacific Ocean, except those included in
IATA Area I.
Asia (East of the Urals) is the largest among the seven continent
and also the most populated. It covers 8.7% of the earths surface area
and is situated mainly in the eastern and northern hemisphere. The
continent is surrounded by the three large bodies of water: Pacific
Ocean in the east, Indian Ocean towards south, and Arctic Ocean in
the north. The region is inhabited by 60% of the worlds total population
of about 4.3 billion people. Furthermore, the Philippines is situated in
the Southeast Asian region. Some of the wonderful tourist attractions
in Asia are:
Taj Mahal
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Temple of Angkor
Halong Bay
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o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Ayers Rock
Bora Bora
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Enhancement
Activity
SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
Direction: Answer the following questions in any clean sheet of paper.
1. Among the different types of tourism you have learned, what motivates
you the most to visit places? Why?
2. Why is it important to assess first your tourist destination then evaluate
the experiences that you had after the travel?
3. As a beginner traveler, what are the ten (5) most important basic things
that you should have in your bag upon travel to ensure safety and order?
Lets Do it!
Research Time
Choose your desired topic to research on the internet.
Topic # 1: Puerto Princesa Subterranean River
Topic # 2: Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park
Topic # 3: Coron Island
Visit websites associated with the chosen topic and compile
information about the following areas:
1. Unique description of the tourist destination
2. Government and NGO environmental protection programs
3. Role of the public in the preservation of the environment and
heritage sites
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LESSON 2
Icon for
Learning
Outcome
Grade 10
Since air travel began, technology has provided the solid foundation
on which travel agents build and develop their businesses...There are so
much technology out there, and whether beneficial or not, these technologies
are converging to offer the next wave of how travel will be conducted. Travel
agents will need to take advantage of these opportunities and be willing to
adopt new innovation. These statements were given by the Abacus
International president and CEO Robert Bailey during the celebration of the
companys 23rd year in the travel industry.
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Vendors
Vendors
Tour Operators
Travel Agencies
Vendee (Travelers)
Tour Operators
VS
Travel Agencies
Vendee (Travelers)
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Disadvantages
Processing of Transactions
Advantages
Disadvantages
Disadvantages
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Disadvantages
Disadvantages
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 - Proficient
10 - Advance
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2. Sabre
Sabre Global Distribution System was
founded by American Airlines and IBM in 1964. Its
headquarters is situated in Southlake, Texas, USA. Sabre
connects to more than 350,000 travel agents, 400 airlines,
100,000 hotels, 25 car rental brands, 50 rail providers and
14 cruise lines worldwide.
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3. Worldspan
Worldspan was founded by Delta Air Lines,
Northwest Airlines, and Transworld Airlines in 1990.
It merged with Galileo in 2006 under the Travelports
GDS. Its headquarters is located in Atlanta,
Georgia. As GDS, Worldspan contributes to 15% of
the world market share in the distribution of
electronically generated travel information, internet
products and connectivity, and e-commerce
capabilities for travel agencies, and travel service
providers.
Some of the leading Worldspan solutions are as follow:
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Worldspan XML Pro global data exchange tool for building fully
functional travel applications and establishing GDS direct connect via the
internet.
Travelport e-Pricing global standard in low-fare shopping technology.
Travelport Fare Verified comprehensive pre-ticketing fare audit tool that
protects airline companies against incorrectly priced or reissued tickets.
Travelport Rapid Reprice the industrys itinerary re-pricing tool when
traveler itineraries change.
Travelport ViewTrip offers 24/7 online access to detailed, personal
itineraries to travelers who hold a Worldspan booking record.
4. Galileo
Together with Worldspan, the Galileo is owned
by Travelports Global Distribution System. Its
headquarters was moved from Denver, Colorado to
Atlanta, Georgia a year after the merging of Travelport
and Worldspan companies. Although they now share
the same datacenter, both still run at separate systems.
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8. This is one of the airline company that founded the Sabre in 1964.
a. Northwest Airlines
b. American Airlines
c. Air France
d. Transworld Airlines
9. It offers 24/7 online access to detailed, personal itineraries to travelers who hold
a Worldspan booking record.
a. Travelport ViewTrip
b. Worldspan WorldGroup
c. Travelport e-Pricing
d. Worldspan Go!
10. This allows clients to compare travel information and transact from various
tourism service providers online.
a. Computerized Reservation System (CRS)
b. Global Distribution System (GDS)
c. IT consulting services
d. either a or b
B. QUICKWRITES
Direction: Observe and interpret the graphical illustration below. Write your
understanding on a clean sheet of paper.
Airline
GDS
Traveler
Hotel
Travel
Agency
Car Hire
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 - Proficient
10 - Advance
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Enhancement
Activity
SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
Direction: Answer the following questions in any clean sheet of paper.
1. How did the existence of the World Wide Web change the Travel
Management Cycle?
2. What are the distinct difference between Computer Reservation System
(CRS) and Global Distribution System (GDS)?
3. List down at least ten (10) capabilities of GDS
Lets Do it!
Laboratory Exercises
Sign in at the Amadeus software and display the following information:
1. Open the country information for Austria and find some of the main
attractions in the place.
2. Seek for the general information about Belgrade, London airport and
determine how many kilometers it will take to travel from the airport to
the city.
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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17. The aim of this type of tourism is to acquaint travelers of the way of life of
the locals which includes their customs and traditions.
a. Historical Tourism
b. Cultural Tourism
c. Culinary Tourism
d. Adventure Tourism
18. The first computerized information system used primarily to store and
retrieve clients data
a. Computerized Reservation System (CRS)
b. Global Distribution System (GDS)
c. Personal Reference Number (PNR)
d. World Wide Web (WWW)
19. The tendency of a big family to refrain from traveling activities because of
inconvenience and high cost of expenditures belong to what travel
demotivator?
a. Lack of interest
b. Lack of time
c. Family stage
d. Family bonding
20. The travel evaluation indicator that is addressed upon answering the
question: Did you learn new things from your travel?
a. Accessibility
b. Comfort and convenience
c. Safety and security
d. Education and entertainment
Ayala y Compaia
Pintados Festival
House of Apacible
Barasoain Church
Santa Cruz Fort
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2.
Sabre
Amadeus
Galileo
StarCruise
Worldspan
3.
Mode of Transportation
Safety
Social recognition
Relaxation
Family bonding
4.
Fantasy World
Burnham Park
Water Rafting
Ocean Adventure
Star City
5.
Male
Married
First class flight seat
College graduate,
25 years old
6.
Taal Volcano
Agusan Marsh
Batanes Islands
Tubbataha Reef
Makati Medical Center
7.
Festivals
Inexpensive fare
Company sponsored events
Busy work schedule
Fine weather
8.
Indonesia
Vietnam
Jordan
Australia
New Zealand
9.
Budget Traveler
Transportation
Infrastructure
Attraction
Hospitality
10.
Ocean
Plateau
Bay
Strait
Gulf
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QUARTER III
Overview
In the business arena, it is pivotal in nature for a person to showcase
the necessary characteristics for clientele relations, enough knowledge to run
a certain business, and an impeccable managerial and professional
competence so as not to impede the desired progression. The magnate at
this level is considered to be vital, as the business hits the brightest star there
is on the vast firmament of the corporate world.
Counter counseling, flight itinerary planning, and/or reservations and
confirmations are some of the core topics included in this part of the module
wherein, amid these skills is the individual engaged in business who is
buttressed with expertise in the present demanding sphere of a fast-evolving
technology.
After taking quarter three of the module, you will be equipped with the
fundamentals about the topics presented, excogitating and revealing the
invisible, latent picture of who you really are adept and prepared to battle
head-to-head with the adversities of today. You will dash fastest in the race of
life, leaving others with their feet still shackled by ignorance.
Let us try to look into details as you flip over the pages, getting the
focal point of quarter three of the module, both formal and informal types of
learning the lessons will dwell on the Travel Operations of the Organization,
the Operations Department Functions which are divided into five, namely:
counter counseling, reservations, fare calculation, ticketing, and
documentation.
Icon for
General
Objective
s
General Objectives
The following are the general objectives of quarter III:
1. arrange flight itinerary using a map and planner;
2. discuss flight reservation and confirmation;
3. follow rules and principles in airfare calculation and travel
documentation;
4. practice corporate travel management;
5. explain the MICE of travel management; and
6. describe the intranet and extranets in travel management.
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Ilocos Excursion
Ilocos at the Northwest Coast of the Philippines is now a booming
tourist attraction. From national museums and parks, to beach
destinations, Ilocos is an all-in-one vacation spot!
And because of its numerous acknowledgments as a potential major
tourist spot in the country, Ilocandia draws more and more travelers every
year.
Laoag City is the provincial capital of Ilocos Norte, Philippines. It
boosts of historical landmarks that going there will make you feel like
traveling through time. It is also known as the Sparkling Gem of Ilocandia.
Vigan City, Ilocos Sur offers a glimpse of the Philippines colonial
past. This is evident in the mixture of European and Asian architecture of
the ancestral houses, churches and other structures that are wellpreserved around the city.
The best way to go around and transport you to the colonial past is
to walk or take a Calesa/Kalesa along the infamous cobblestone streets.
Pagudpud is a wide, beautiful and quiet town on the northwest tip of
Ilocos Norte, Luzon. It is bounded in the south by the town of Bangui and in
the east by the Cordillera Mountain Range, the town of Adams and the
province of Cagayan. The South China Sea lies to the west and north. On
a clear day, Babuyan can be seen from Patapat National Park. The
beaches are approximately 2-hour drive from Laoag City.
It is a very common practice for locals and tourists alike to buy fresh
seafood at the market and have it grilled on the beach. These and many
more await you in Ilocos.
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10. The name of a flight that operates between two cities and does not
make any stops
a. Non-stop Flight
b. Direct Flight
c. Connecting Flight
d. Change of Gauge/ Equipment Flight
11. The name of a flight that operates between two cities and makes a
change online or interline in one or more cities en route
e. Non-stop Flight
f. Direct Flight
g. Connecting Flight
h. Change of Gauge/ Equipment Flight
12. Referred to as an online flight that operates between two cities with
a change of aircraft at an international city
a. Non-stop Flight
b. Direct Flight
c. Connecting Flight
d. Change of Gauge/ Equipment Flight
13. Contains flights that submits schedule dates to Amadeus
irrespective of the availability of the status of their flights.
a. Schedule Display
b. Time-Table Display
c. Flight Information
d. Airtime Access Levels
14. Contains flights of all airlines between a specific city pair for a oneweek period.
e. Schedule Display
f. Time-Table Display
g. Flight Information
h. Airtime Access Levels
15. The meaning of PNR
a. Passenger Name Record
b. Pre-Name Record
c. Post Name Record
d. Parliamentary Name Record
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27. It means that any direct or indirect issue or policy conflict must be
revealed, including any joint venture that is deemed as conflict of
interest.
a. Confidentiality
b. Conflict of Interest
c. Illegal Information Brokering
d. Point of View
28. It pertains to the proposal of travel arrangement for the event from
the travel management company to the corporation or an event
management.
a. Binding Process
b. Bidding Process
c. Transaction
d. Illegal Information Brokering
29. Refers to any private meeting or secret assembly.
e. Clinic
f. Retreat
g. Conclave
h. Assembly
i.
30. This involves managing the point of sale activities (reservations,
ticketing, hotel and car rental vouchering) to monitor compliance and
tracking non-compliance.
a. implementing travel policies and procedures.
b. managing corporate travel operations
c. reporting and analyzing performance.
d. monitoring compliance
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Reservations/
Confirmations
Fare Calculation
Ticketing
Documentation
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Learning Outcome 1
Grade 10
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the learner is expected to:
1. describe the functions involved in managing travel
arrangements for leisure travel;
2. plan a flight itinerary using a map and flight planner; and
3. accomplish a booking card for travel, a tour
voucher/exchange order and purchase order
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Follow the
accomplishing the form:
Grade 10
guidelines
below
in
filling
out
and
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form
of
the
Operations
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Mechanics
and Spelling
1
All parts are not
clearly labeled.
There are many
mistakes in
mechanics
and/or spelling.
The layout is
confusing. The
components
are inconsistent
and some
information are
missing.
Descriptions
2
3
Some parts
Most parts
are clearly
are clearly
labeled
labeled.
There are
There are
several
minor
mistakes in
mistakes in
mechanics
mechanics
and/or
and/or
spelling.
spelling.
The brochure
The brochure
is presented
is presented
as difficult for
as less
the audience
difficult for
to understand. the audience
to understand
The layout is
The layout is
somewhat
almost
organized.
organized.
Most of the
Most
components
components
are not
are
organized.
consistent
Partial
within the
information
publication.
can be located Almost all
information
can be
located.
4
All parts are
clearly
labeled
There are no
mistakes in
mechanics
and/or
spelling.
Value
The brochure
is presented
with ease for
the audience
to understand
The layout is
well
organized.
There is
consistency in
its
components
that allows
the readers to
easily locate
the
information.
Total
Students comments:
__________________________________________________________
Teachers comments:
_________________________________________________________
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Icon for
Learning
Outcome
Learning Outcome 2
Grade 10
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the learner is expected to:
1.
2.
3.
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Flight Type
Non-stop
Definition
A flight that operates between two cities and does
not make any stops.
Direct
An online flight that operates between two cities
and makes a stop in one or more cities en route.
Connecting
A flight that operates between two cities and
makes a change online or interline in one or more
cities en route.
Change of
An online flight that operates between two cities
Equipment/Gauge with a change of aircraft at an international city.
Flight Hierarchy Display
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Explanations
12 years or older
2 up to 11 years
I month to 23 months old
Additional
Info
CHD
INF
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Entry
NM2REYES/HANS MR/HEIDI
MS
NM1BRADLEY/MICHAEL
MSTR(CHD)
NM1TAN/SUSAN
MS(INF/LISAMARIE)
NM1LIM/JANET
MS(INFVALDEZ/IRENE)
NM1GOMEZ/ARTHUR
MSTR(CHD) (IDRTT124)
Requests
More than one passenger with
the same family name
Child name
Infant associated with an adult
with the name family name
*no
spaces
inside
the
parentheses
Infant associated to an adult
with a different family name
Child name with passenger ID
code
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Other Reservations
The three methods of making flight reservations are also applicable to
reservations made for other supplier of travel services, although the required
information differs. Here are some of the other reservations that your clients
may avail:
1. Accommodation
establishments.
When
placing
manual
reservations with hotel, resorts or any other lodging establishment,
for lodging and board, the following information must be provided:
Passenger name number
Inclusive dates
Room breakdowns
ETD / ETA information
Meal required
Special functions/activities (if any)
Form of payment
If reservations are not available, present the booking and the other
accommodations establishments of similar category in the locality;
change the dates only with the clients consent.
2. Sightseeing tours and tour packages - if you avail of this service,
you must provide the following to facilitate easy reservations:
Passenger name number
Date of sightseeing tour or the inclusive dates of the tour
package
Number of rooms and room type
Forms of payment
Once the reservation is accepted, request for
pick-up time and place for the sightseeing tour or the
departure time and place of the tour packages.
3. Cruises. When making reservation with a cruise company, provide
the following information:
Passenger name number
Date if departure/arrival
Embarkation/debarkation points- point of origin to point of
destination
Type of accommodation and breakdown (specify whether:
upper deck (window), balcony (veranda) or standard
accommodations)
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C.
Grade 10
Accommodation
Establishments
Cruises
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B.
Visit a hotel, resort or any other lodging establishment, and interview the
manager about their operation on reservations. Write a report to show to
your classmates during class discussion.
C.
Collect forms of reservation from the hotel, resorts and other lodging
establishments to those juridical persons you visited. Compile and reflect
on it. Your output will be rated using the rubric below.
SCORE
5
4
3
2
1
Icon for
Learning
Outcome
CRITERIA
The information gathered suggests excellent and critical analysis
of the topic presented
The information gathered suggests good analysis of the topic
presented
The information gathered lacks depth in the analysis of the topic
presented.
The information gathered is unclear and has no bearing on the
topic presented.
No research work presented.
Fare Calculations
The amount to be charged for any air journey is dependent on the type
of journey to be undertaken. For example, a passenger who boards an
aircraft at point A, flies direct, non-stop to point B and disembarked will be
charged the corresponding publisher fare for the trip.
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Airline Ticketing
The air ticket can only be issued by the ticketing office after
reservations have been processed and confirmed and the applicable airfares
calculated.
The issuance of air ticket is the final step in processing a
passengers air travel requirements.
It represents a contract between a passenger and a carrier,
and represents also a passengers payment to the travel
agent.
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1. Paper tickets
a. These are now phased out by the airlines worldwide. It is
important to understand the composition, format and content
of these to enable a better understanding of an e-ticket.
b. It contains the original detail of the transaction.
2. Electronic air tickets
a. An e-ticket is a paperless electronic document used for
ticketing passengers.
b. E-ticketing (ET) is the process of simplifying the issuance of
paperless e-tickets, generating electronic reports and
monitoring materialization of booking
c. E-ticketing improves passenger convenience and e-ticketing
reduces cost.
d. It reduces ticket processing charges, eliminates the need for
paper and allows greater flexibility to the passenger and travel
agent to make changes to the itinerary.
For customers
For airlines
Advantages
Stress free ticketing no
tickets to lose; no last
minute queues
Savings of up to US9 for
ticket
printing
and
processing
Will allow them to explore
greater opportunities to
manage the corporate
travel experience
Disadvantages
Possibility
of
technology crash
Less portable than
a paper
Security issues in
self
check-in
kiosks
Documentation
This refers to the process of legally securing the necessary travel
papers for prospective passengers. It is divided as follows:
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Travel Authorization
(TE, TEO, TEC)
Descriptions
Records trip information and schedules
advance checks. This document is used
to request monies for hotel deposits,
registration fee advances, and airline
ticket advances. The three types of
Travel Authorization - In-State (TE),
Out-of-State (TEO), and Foreign (TEC)
- will hereafter be referred to as TE.
Records the expenditure of funds,
calculates the amount due to/from the
employee,
and
schedules
the
reimbursement check to the traveler (if
appropriate). This document reflects the
actual costs of the trip. The Expense
Voucher (TP) is used to record the
expenditure associated with a trip.
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1.__________________________
6.___________________________
2.__________________________
7.___________________________
3.__________________________
8.___________________________
4.__________________________
9.___________________________
5.__________________________
10.__________________________
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A.
B.
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Lets Do it!
Field Work
Based on the group of destination cities selected, accomplish the
following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Level
Achieved
PERFORMANCE LEVELS
10 - Can perform this skill without
supervision and with initiative and
adaptability to problem situations.
7 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily
without assistance or supervision.
4 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily
but requires some assistance and/or
supervision.
1 - Can perform parts of this skill
satisfactorily, but requires
considerable assistance and/or
supervision.
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LESSON 2
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Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the learner is expected to:
1. explain the value of corporate travel management; and
2. differentiate the types of corporate travelers.
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its travel needs and develop its travel budget, based on current
spending and planned development.
With the consolidated travel needs of the corporation, the discounts
and preferred rates are negotiated with the travel suppliers based on
company-wide needs.
2. Policy Adherence
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4. Mariners
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Criteria
Percentage
Workmanship
30%
20%
Compliance to standards
15%
15%
10%
Speed
10%
Total
100%
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Meeting
Incentives
Exhibitions
Seminar
Conventions
Clinic
Panel
Workshop
Conference
Assembly
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iv. The plus is the professional fee due the TMC. It is a preagreed amount that may be based on a percentage of the
costs, or a flat management fee per transaction.
v. It enables the vendor to analyze the total expenses of the
organization and to determine ways to cut, control or to
maximize it. Other benefits are:
1. It manages the travel spent;
2. All costs are open and transparent, eliminating doubts
and afterthoughts, resulting in peace of mind; and
3. It is self-generated or it has linkages to TMC.
Evaluation and selection of corporate bids
Normally, the selection of a qualified candidate TMC will depend
on the demonstrated experience, resources, and financial
stability to serve the travel-related needs of the corporation.
Selection criteria, not necessarily in order of priority, include, but
are not limited to:
i. a clear, concise and comprehensive written proposal
addressing all aspects of corporate clients terms of
reference;
ii. the experience, relevant qualification and commitment of the
management team to consistently provide high quality;
iii. the ability to manage a company-wide travel program and
provide reports on air, hotel, car rental, and ground
transportation;
iv. data management capabilities utilized to produce
consolidated management information reports in a timely
fashion that track travel patterns of company employees and
identify new opportunities;
v. creativity and innovation in the design of a travel program that
is goal-oriented and a motivation for all concerned;
vi. proactive and responsive management structure and
organization;
vii. the successful experience in the implementation of the
corporate travel program and demonstrated capability to
implement all services without interruptions, including staffing
up for large turnover and availability of pockets of
reservations teams, whenever necessary;
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Level
Achieved
PERFORMANCE LEVELS
10 - Can perform this skill without supervision, and
with initiative and adaptability to problem
situations.
7 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily without
assistance or supervision.
4 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily but requires
some assistance and/or supervision.
1 - Can perform parts of this skill satisfactorily, but
requires considerable assistance and/or
supervision.
Enhancement Activity
SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
Direction: Answer the following questions in a clean sheet of paper.
1. Why are corporations moving towards in-house travel
management?
2. How is corporate travel a cost-saver in the corporate world?
3. Why is MICE a component of corporate travel management?
4. What are the six (6) phases of corporate travel management?
5. Differentiate intranet from extranet.
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Lets Do it!
Case Study
Based on the client corporation assigned to your class group, prepare
the following:
1. External as a travel management company bidding for a
corporate account:
a. a written corporate bid or proposal
b. a power point sales presentation
2. Internal as an in-house travel department:
a. a travel management plan and budget
b. a travel management plan power point presentation
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12. Referred to as an online flight that operates between two cities with
a change of aircraft at an international city.
a. Non-stop Flight
b. Direct Flight
c. Connecting Flight
d. Change of Gauge/ Equipment Flight
13. It contains flights that submit schedule dates to Amadeus
irrespective of the availability of status of their flights.
a. Schedule Display
b. Time-Table Display
c. Flight Information
d. Airtime Access Levels
14. It contains flights of all airlines between a specific city pair for a
one-week period.
a. Schedule Display
b. Time-Table Display
c. Flight Information
d. Airtime Access Levels
15. The meaning of PNR
a. Passenger Name Record
b. Pre Name Record
c. Post Name Record
d. Parliamentary Name Record
16. This refers to those who own or are owners-managers of their
respective business enterprises, who travel for various reasons.
a. Mariners
b. Corporate Executives
c. Businesspersons
d. Land-based overseas workers
17. The name of those travelers who represent the company in events
overseas, or to attend corporate affairs in a multinational setting.
a. Mariners
b. Corporate Executives
c. Businesspersons
d. Land-based overseas workers
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28. It pertains to the proposal of travel arrangement for the event from
the travel management company to the corporation or an event
management proposal from the event planned to the event
organizer, when these do not have an in-house department to plan
and manage the travel management of the event.
a. Binding Process
b. Contract
c. Transaction
d. Illegal Information Brokering
29. It refers to any private meeting or secret assembly.
a. Clinic
b. Retreat
c. Conclave
d. Assembly
30. This involves managing the point of sale activities (reservations,
ticketing, hotel and car rental vouchering) and monitoring quantity
assurance plus the appropriate internal audit procedures to monitor
compliance and tracking non-compliance.
a. Implementing travel policies and procedures.
b. Managing Corporate travel operations.
c. Reporting and analyzing performance
d. Monitoring compliance
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QUARTER IV
Overview
Travel in its full delight is something that satisfies inner feeling. It is
experiencing happiness coupled with fulfillment while taking an exploration
a sense, in which at some point, propels an individual to realize his/her
raisondtre, to quench human natures thirst of being on top of the grounds
trying to blend with people of diverse ethnicities which would eventually jumpstart a new sphere of friendship. This is why travel is essential; it makes us
recognize the world as a warm, breathing tapestry of multicolored threads that
are beautifully woven together to form a whole; it molds ones personality, and
consequently fortifies ones identity.
Since the dawn of time, in the course of history, the thaumaturgic birth
of nature set forth a challenge to humanity a challenge to discover and
develop creative ways in order to survive in an arena of madcap. From this
seemingly hopeless commencement of civilization, millennia after, humans
were able to listen to countless voices of inner spirits, whispering, even
clamoring for change TECHNOLOGY AROSE!
One response to this challenge is the development of transportation
as product of an evolving technology. We started with the term bangka, and
thereafter, a motor boat, now we have ships or large vessels gracefully
floating on seas with luxurious amenities. Or, from an origami airplane in
which air is the sole passenger, to a real, enormous airplane that could carry
hundreds of people, and bring them safe and sound to a certain destination in
just a blink of an eye - the astounding upshot of progress, of technology.
In this quarter of the module, let us drift in the flow of development and
technology, with a purpose, that is, learning the latest innovations in terms of
travel management and other products that contribute to societys stride on a
higher degree of legacy.
Lesson 1 dwells on how the corporate travel management of an
organization works. Effective corporate travel management facilitates the
tracking and control of costs, monitors adherence to corporate travel policies,
realizes savings through negotiated discounts or special rates, and serves as
a source of information center for managers and employees.
This lesson aims to describe and differentiate the various accounting
documents used in travel management and tour operations, and their flow
between the client/traveler, the TMC/travel agency and the suppliers, and
between the TMC/travel agency, the tour operator and suppliers.
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General
Objective
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General Objectives
This quarter has the following objectives:
1. describe the tour and travel products;
2. identify the maritime travel products;
3. determine the types of lodging/accommodation
establishments in the Philippines;
4. discuss the group travel arrangements;
5. process travel and tour accounting documents; and
6. follow procedures for airline ticket payment through the
banking system.
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16. A retail business that sells travel products and services to customers
on behalf of suppliers.
a. Travel Agency
b. Retail Agency
c. Product Agency
d. Suppliers Agency
17. It refers to a special travel arrangement for pilgrims, students and any
other form of travel that does not fall under the previous category.
a. Ad Hoc
b. Ad Coalium
c. Ad Initio
d. Prima Facie
18. It offers a range of coverage and provisions such as repatriation,
death, unforeseen accommodations and travel expenses, and loss of
personal effects.
a. Health Insurance
b. Travel Insurance
c. Business Insurance
d. Death and Loss insurance
19. The card that provides health and accident security overseas in a
manner that the host in-country handles all the necessary
requirements a traveler may have.
a. Tour Card
b. Multipurpose Card
c. Assist Card
d. Departure Card
20. It covers a wide selection of products and services available directly
from principals or through travel management companies.
a. Miscellaneous Travel-related Service
b. Miscellaneous Travel-unrelated Service
c. Miscellaneous Arrival-related Service
d. Miscellaneous Departure-related Service
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LESSON 1
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5. Road networks
In addition to the existing network of national and local roads, the
Philippines has two additional road networks: an expressway
network and the Strong Republic Nautical Highway (SRNH) system.
Luzon has an expressway network dominated by the North Luzon
Expressway (NLEX) and South Luzon Expressway (SLEX).
These are tollways with good paved roads, are privately-maintained,
and the farthest tolls will not cost more than a few pesos dollars from
Metro Manila. Other expressways include the Subic-Clark-Tarlac
Expressway (a 94-kilometer 4-lane freeway connecting Subic Bay
and Tarlac) and the Bataan Provincial Expressway.
Expressways are connected to the network of national highways and
provincial roads which connect to major cities and provinces.
The Strong Republic Nautical Highway (SRNH) system is a threeroute network of national and provincial roads, bridges and rollon/roll-off (RO/RO) ferries which facilitate the connection of major
islands of the Philippines together by road, bringing down the cost of
driving (and, ultimately, lowering the cost of shipping goods between
islands).
The SRNH system begins in Luzon and runs in a north-south
direction through the Visayas, and ultimately ends in Mindanao.
The SRNH is useful for driving to tourist destinations outside Manila:
for example, it is possible to drive to both Puerto Galera and
Boracay from Manila via the Western Nautical Highway.
SRNH routes are signposted and a map of the network and RO/RO
schedules are available from the Department of Tourism.
6. Car Rentals
Car rental may be chauffer driven or self-driven or self-drives.
Most travel agencies are able to book a selection of vehicle
types anywhere in the world.
Major car rental companies have offices in all major cities of the
country, with pickup and drop off facilities.
As a rule, a valid drivers license is required.
This can be obtained at the Philippine Motorists Association for
a fee.
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3. SIGHTSEEING SERVICES
The Philippines offers an impressive selection of sightseeing
attractions. Tourists typically cling to the beaches, where white sands
and plenty of sunshine frame the days activities. However, there is
equally more culture to encounter, with colonial architecture in most
major cities and outlying hill tribes highlighting the interiors of some
islands. Some of the sightseeing services are as follows:
1. Beaches and resorts
2. Islands
3. Theme parks
4. Malls
5. Historical places
6. World renowned places
7. Churches
8. Museums
9. Festivals and events
10. Food and Drink
4. CRUISE
A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for
pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are
a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the
way. Transportation is not the prime purpose, as cruise ships operate
mostly on routes that return passengers to their originating port, so the
ports of call are usually in a specified region of a continent. There are
even "cruises to nowhere" or "nowhere voyages" where the ship
makes 2-3 day round trips without any ports of call.
On-board facilities. Most modern cruise ships feature the following
facilities:
1. Casino Only open when the ship is at sea to avoid conflict
with local laws
2. Spa
3. Fitness center
4. Shops Only open when ship is at sea to avoid merchandising
licensing and local taxes
5. Library
6. Theater with Broadway style shows
7. Cinema
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9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
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Some ships have bowling alleys, ice skating rinks, rock climbing
walls, miniature golf courses, video arcades, ziplines, surfing
simulators, basketball courts, tennis courts, chain restaurants and/or
ropes obstacle courses.
5. RESTAURANT AND OTHER ENTERTAINMENT
ESTABLISHMENTS
5.1 A restaurant is a business which prepares and serves food and
drink to customers in return for money, either paid before the meal,
after the meal, or with an open account. Meals are generally
served and eaten on the premises, but many restaurants also
offer take-out and food delivery services. Restaurants vary greatly
in appearance and offerings, including a wide variety of the main
chef's cuisines and service models.
Types
Restaurants may be classified or distinguished in many
different ways. The primary factors are usually the food itself
(e.g. vegetarian, seafood, steak); the cuisine (e.g. Italian, Chinese,
Japanese, Indian, French, Mexican, Thai) and/or the style of
offering
(e.g. tapas bar,
asushi train,
a tastet restaurant,
a buffet restaurant or a yum cha restaurant). Beyond this,
restaurants may differentiate themselves on factors including
speed (see fastfood), formality, location, cost, service, or novelty
themes (such as automated restaurants).
Restaurants
range
from
inexpensive
and
informal lunching or dining places catering to people working
nearby, with simple food served in simple settings at low prices, to
expensive establishments serving refined food and fine wines in a
formal setting. In the former case, customers usually wear casual
clothing. In the latter case, depending on culture and local
traditions,
customers
might
wear semi-casual,
semi-
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Patrons
Bars categorized by the kind of patrons who frequent them:
1. Biker bars - which are bars frequented by motorcycle
enthusiasts and (in some regions) motorcycle club
members
2. College bars - usually located in or near universities, where
most of the patrons are students.
3. Neighborhood bars - a bar that most of the patrons know
each other; it is generally close to home and is frequented
regularly
4. Cop bars - where off-duty law enforcement agents gather
5. Gay bars - where gay men or women dance and socialize
6. Mixed gay/straight bars
7. Singles-bars where (mostly) unmarried people of both
sexes can meet and socialize
8. Women's bars
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Enhancement Activity
RESEARCH TIME
A. Research on:
1. The different classes of railway service in other countries. Record and
present the result of your activity during class discussion.
2. The symbols being used in these classes of railway service (if
available).
B. Clip Newspaper/magazine articles or pictures of Motor Coach or Rail Road
Travel. Then, reflect on by featuring its highlights or point of difference.
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The cruise products available in the Philippines today are divided into
Domestic and International. Lets get into details about these maritime
products:
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A. Domestic
The only domestic cruises which are truly in consonance with the
definition of a sea voyage for leisure are the M/B Lagoon Explorer of Cruise
and Hotel Center, a twin-hulled wooden catamaran, with 10 cabins; and the
M/V Coco Explorer. The former sails from Coco, Busuanga, on a 4-day / 3night island hopping cruises of the Calamian group of island in northern
Palawan; while the latter sails from Mindoro to the same area of operation
during certain times of the year. The cruise fares vary in the region per
person, share-cabin basis.
The cruise products available in the Philippines are the following
according to Claravall, 2008:
1. Super Ferry
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It is the first global cruise line with the youngest and most
exciting fleet of cruise ships in the world. All vessels abound
with ward and friendly oriental service with true Asian
hospitality.
It is the third largest cruise line in the world and the leading
cruise Line in Asia-Pacific.
Cruise package fare starts at US$170 per person, for a 4-day/3night cruise, on share cabin basis.
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2. Carnival Cruises
The cruise fare does not include port, security and handling
charges, fuel surcharges, airfare, transfers, shore excursion,
sightseeing or meal ashore, taxes, gratuities, liquor, wines,
laundry or valet services, telephone, internet and email
communications, or any items or services of a personal nature
such as massage, spa services and hairstyling.
4. Royal Caribbean International
The most sensational feature aside from sheer size was the
introduction of the first modern shipboard atrium, complete with
glass elevators and grand piano, reminiscent of an opulent hotel
but, with a view no hotel could match.
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It sets sail to over 140 ports of call on four continents from the
northern Europe ports of Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Oslo and
St. Petersburg to the Caribbean, Alaska, Europe and South
America, and Bermuda and Hawaii.
It brings its unique style to the sea with its ships Disney Magic
and Disney Wonder.
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All of the above cruise prices do not include the return airfare to the
place of embarkation/disembarkation, and prices depend on the type of cabin
booked and its location.
As a rule of thumb, all cruise rates are inclusive of meals (main meals,
and in-between snacks) and do not include drinks, shore excursion and
expenses of a personal nature, such as laundry and photos.
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___________6. Star Cruises is the first global cruise line with the youngest
and most exciting fleet of cruise ships in the world.
___________7. Carnival Cruise operates 14-day cruises to South America
and 11-day Pacific cruises from Acapulco, Los Angeles, San
Francisco, and Vancouver, among others.
___________8. Crystal Cruise fares start at US$3,190 per person on a
shared-cabin basis.
___________9. Norwegian Cruise Lines set sails to over 140 ports of call
on four continents.
__________10. Disney Cruise Line brings its unique style to the sea with its
ships Disney Magic and Disney Wonder.
Enhancement Activity
RESEARCH TIME
A. Research on the new tour packages or programs of the different
travel agencies under the domestic and international scene.
B. Collect pictures of those ships of the different travel agency under
the domestic and international scene, and make a collage
promoting maritime products.
SCORING RUBRICS FOR ASSESSING THE OUTPUT
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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Learning Outcome 3
Determine the Types of Lodging/ Accommodation
Establishments in the Philippines
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to do the following:
1. describe the accommodation and lodging establishments
in the Philippines and be able to cite some examples
each; and
2. identify the offers of these establishments.
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Resorts
Beach-side, river-side, lake-side, mountain-side and the like are
normally situated here.
The TMC/travel agent is able to provide reservation service to
its clients at contracted rates, or through the hotel
representative office in the country of residence.
Like hotel reservations, the alternative is making web-based
reservations directly or via a travel portal, or through Outbound
Tour Operators in-country, or through long-distance, fax
messages, or e-mail to Inbound Tour Operators in the
Destination country.
The Hotel & Travel Index, a publication of the Reed Travel
group, offers a comprehensive listing of hotels worldwide. Five
major hotel chains and their respective company headquarters
are listed below:
i. Shangri-La Hotel and Resorts, Hong Kong, China
ii. Banyan Tree Hotels and Resorts, Singapore
iii. Four Seasons Hotel and Resorts, Canada
iv. Ten Knots, Philippines
v. Le Meridien, New York
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Enhancement Activity
RESEARCH TIME
A. Bring samples of travel agency leaflets or brochures. Be able to
tell which one offers the best service to your classmates by giving
its special features and why do you consider it as the best service
being offered to prospective travelers.
B. Make an album, and put yourself in the shoes of a prospective
traveler or the owner of the travel agency. Think of all the possible
imaginary things to be included in your album (portfolio). Be
creative.
SCORING RUBRICS FOR ASSESSING THE
PERFORMANCE
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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Learning Outcome 4
Discuss the Group Travel Arrangements
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to do the following:
1. define group travel arrangements;
2. describe the travel insurance/assist card; and
3. assist travelers to select the best products and services
offered.
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Assist Cards
i. This provides health and accident security overseas in a
manner that the host in-country handles all the necessary
requirements a traveler may have.
ii. In the Philippines, Assist Card is the best known company that
provides this service.
iii. Travel insurance deals with the medical assistance expense
reimbursements and insurance benefits. Safe travel is the
primary concern of insurance companies.
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Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous travel-related services cover a wide selection of
products and services available directly from principals or
through travel management companies.
Foreign telephone calling cards are provided by PLDT, Bayan
Tel, Digi Tel, and Globe Telecom.
These products and services are retailed and sold as individual
products to prospective end-users.
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Enhancement Activity
Why do travel agents offer services other than air passage and the
processing of travel documents?
Which train is the easiest way to travel?
What are the major international cruise companies?
What are the sea tourism products available in the Philippines?
What are the major international hotel/resort chains in the world?
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Lets Do it!
Research Time!
Direction:
Let the teacher
assess your
performance in
the following
critical task and
performance
criteria.
PERFORMANCE LEVELS
10 - Can perform this skill without supervision
and with initiative and adaptability to problem
situations.
7 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily without
assistance or supervision.
5 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily but
requires some assistance and/or supervision.
3- Can perform parts of this skill satisfactorily,
but requires considerable assistance and/or
supervision.
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LESSON 2
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Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to do the following:
1. understand the importance of issuing travel and tour documents
correctly;
2. describe the sequential flow of travel and tour documents from
the issuer to the intermediary to the provider of services; and
3. explain the distribution of the different copies of the various
travel and tour documents.
A TMC/travel agency is characterized as a Retailer because it normally
transacts business and sells directly only to the traveler. As such,
transactions are between the client and the TMC/travel agency on the one
hand, and between the TMC/travel agency and the supplier on the other.
A. Walk-in Client to TMC or travel agency
The following transaction sequence applies for walk-in clients paying
with cash or credit cards. A detailed flowchart is presented:
1. These clients requests for travel arrangements through an agencys
operations department, specially a travel counselor or counter staff.
2. The travel counselor processes the booking card for travel. The slip
is prepared in triplicate and distributed as follows:
Original copy it is exchanged for an air ticket or a tour
voucher or both, by the travel counselor to the custodian of
documents in the accounting in the accounting department
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receipt
Stages 1 & 3 will be the responsibility of the Client while the 2 & 5 will be the travel
operation and stage 5 will be served as the travel accounting documents
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Stages 1 & 5 will be the responsibility of the travel operation while the 2 & 4 will
be the travel operation and stages 3 & 6 will be served
as the travel accounting documents
ii.
iii.
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4. When all documents are ready, the travel counselor collects the
invoice form the billing officer and sends it to the corporate client
together with the travel documents.
5. The corporate client settles the amount due, within the time limit of
the credit facility granted.
6. The cashier receives the payment and issues the official receipt.
B.
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Stages 1 & 6 will be the responsibility of the travel agency while the 2 & 5 will be
the travel operation and stages 3, 4 & 7 will be served
as the travel accounting documents
i.
4.
5.
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Enhancement Activity
FIELD WORKS
A. Interview a tour operator and ask him/her about his/her
experiences in the field. Make a report on the interview, then
share the information during class discussion.
B. Work in triads then form a worthy exchange of ideas about the
topic, listen and make conclusions afterwards. Assign a group
secretary to jot down the necessary information of the
conversation.
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Learning Outcome 2
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: ____________________________________________
7. BSP
: ____________________________________________
8. ADM
: ____________________________________________
9. MPDs
: ____________________________________________
10. AA
: ____________________________________________
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Enhancement Activity
Lets Do it!
Group Work
1. Prepare a correct check requisition payment of all the suppliers
involved in the previous group proposed activity.
2. Prepare a correct Invoice, Billing Settlement or Statement of Accounts.
3. Research on:
The standing of IATA in the year 2012. Compare it to 2013
IATAs standing. Then, construct a comparative analysis report
which will be given an account of in the class.
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OVERALL EVALUATION
Directions:
Level
Achieved
PERFORMANCE LEVELS
10 - Can perform this skill without supervision and
with initiative and adaptability to problem situations.
7 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily without
assistance or supervision.
4 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily but requires
some assistance and/or supervision.
1 - Can perform parts of this skill satisfactorily, but
requires considerable assistance and/or
supervision.
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LM-Travel Services
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14. The half-day or full-day tours to sights and sites of interest in the
destination country.
a. Seat-in-coach
b. Private Tours
c. Escorted Tours
d. Sightseeing Tours
15. A retail business that sells travel products and services to customers
on behalf of the suppliers
a. Travel Agency
b. Retail Agency
c. Product Agency
d. Suppliers Agency
16. Refers to special travel arrangement for pilgrims, students and any
other form of travel.
a. Ad Hoc
b. Ad Coalium
c. Ad Initio
d. Prima Facie
17. It offers a range of coverage and provisions such as repatriation,
death, unforeseen accommodations and travel expenses, and loss of
personal effects.
a. Health Insurance
b. Travel Insurance
c. Business Insurance
d. Death and Loss insurance
18. The card that provides health and accident security overseas in a
manner that the host in-country handles all the necessary
requirements a traveler may have.
a. Tour Card
b. Multipurpose Card
c. Assist Card
d. Departure Card
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LM-Travel Services
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LM-Travel Services
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SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
A. Multiple Choice
Direction: Read the statements carefully and write the letter of your
best choice in your answer sheet.
1. It offers a range of coverage and provisions such as repatriation, death,
unforeseen accommodations and travel expenses, and loss of personal
effects.
a. Health Insurance
b. Travel Insurance
c. Business Insurance
d. Death and Loss insurance
2. Which government tourism agency is entitled to the collection of travel
taxes on individuals?
a. Department of Budget and Management
b. Bureau of Internal Revenue
c. Philippine Tourism Authority
d. Department of Finance
3. It refers to an assembly of people for a common business purpose and
social interchange between attendees
e. Convention
f. Conference
g. Exhibitions
h. Seminars
4. This kind of tourist destination will surely bring relaxation and relieve stress
to the visitors during their spare time. Some of which are theme park, casino,
fitness center, and spa center
a. Entertainment
b. Shopping
c. Recreation
d. Education
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LM-Travel Services
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14. What do you call the traditional way of placing reservation before the
advent of e-commerce and the internet?
e. Manual Reservation
f. Electronic Reservation
g. Automated Reservation
h. None of the Above
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15. Any direct or indirect, issue or policy conflict even if minor or remedial
which may arise from the travel management companys retention of a
corporate client must be revealed, including any joint venture that is deemed
as conflict of interest.
e. Confidentiality
f. Conflict of Interest
g. Illegal Information Brokering
h. Point of View
B. Matching Type
Direction: Match the meanings in Column A with terms in Column B.
Write the letter on your answer sheet.
COLUMN A
Meaning
_____1. This map is intended to describe the state
and national boundaries of places.
_____2. This government agency is mandated to
monitor the entry and exit of foreign nationals
in the country.
_____3. An example of demographics variable
_____4. The 10% commission reserved by the travel
agent to the vendor.
_____5. The type of hotel that has facilities suitable for
holding meetings, conferences, and conventions.
_____6. Example of religious tourism.
_____7. The largest interisland shipping company
in the Philippines today.
_____8. It is a complete record of all requirements
of the passenger.
_____9. The government agency that has the power to
implement policies concerning air travel safety.
_____10. Sightseeing tours on a first-come-firstaccommodation basis.
COLUMN B
Term
A. Bureau of
Immigration
B. Gender
C. Rate-minus
D. Civil Aviation
Authority of the
Philippines
E. Seat-in-coach
F. Super Ferry
G. Itinerary Card
H. Political Map
I. Corporate hotel
K. Topography Map
L. Condotel
M. Cost-plus
N. Via Crusis
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PAL Express
Cebu Pacific
Manila Metro Rail Transit All-Suite Hotel
Super Ferry
Nissan Rent-A-Car
Air
Transportation
Maritime
Transportation
Accommodation/
Lodging
D. QUICKWRITES
Direction: Write your understanding about the details of the
illustration below.
I.
Customers
SCORING RUBRICS
2 Beginning
4 Developing
6 Approaching
8 Proficient
10 - Advance
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Extra
net
Intra
net
TMC
SCORING RUBRICS
1 Beginning
2 Developing
3 Approaching
4 Proficient
5 - Advance
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Synthesis
Travel it allows us to relish the multicolored and flavorful cultures served
before us in the banquet of life. Categorically, we travel to explore strange and
uncharted worlds, and later on, realize that no matter how diverse our orientations
are, still, we are united by our powerful faith in our religion, and by our ceaseless
liking for pleasure. We travel to lose ourselves to the fascinating burst of mans
precise designs and Gods incomparable art sense both intertwined to create bliss.
Indeed, we travel, then we explore, appreciate, and finally, realize. But, along our
travel, we breakaway we acquire new perspectives in life and heave old principles,
and most importantly, we find ourselves once again, in the process of rebuilding
ourselves, we fortify our identity as a Filipino, and we keep a sanctuary of patriotism
in our deepest core.
On the other hand, travel is not solely for personal advantage. In fact, the
Travel-and-Tourism domain is delivering significant economic contribution in the
Philippines today. It opens thousands of job opportunities available for Filipinos
nationwide and even overseas, thus, spurring innovation for inclusive growth, and
transforming the lives of people to the best quality of living there is.
The value of travel and tourism subjectively and in general is inevitable. This
is the very reason why familiarizing oneself with the functions of the various
personnel involved in this area is primordial. In every travelers endeavor in exploring
different parts of the world, there are intermediary channels between commercial
establishments and clienteles such as travel agencies and travel management
companies that can assist them in realizing their travel plans. A traveler should be
well-adept as to the steps undertaken in instituting and setting up travel management
business. Moreover, how travel agencies perform their business online using
Computerized Reservation System (CRS) and Global Distribution System (GDS)
should be recognized in order to facilitate comfort and assurance in achieving a
worthwhile itinerary.
Several factors should be taken into account when dealing with travel and
tourism the visitors length of stay, origination, purpose of visit, distance traveled,
means of transportation, kind of accommodations given to them and other
dimensions. There are also factors that push or distract them from traveling; whether
as part of leisure, business, or both. Other important factors that influence the visitors
upon traveling are their needs, motives, and aspirations, as well as their preferences
that will conform to the travel market and destination.
To close, travel and tourism require one to undergo careful steps, to make
practical decisions, and to deal with service providers in a manner that exhibits
broad-mindedness, respect, and professionalism. It is through bearing these
essentials in travel and tourism that one could actually come across an experience of
a lifetime.
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GLOSSARY
Ad Hoc Tour Package
Air ticket
Airline
Assembly
Availability
Back-to-back
Baggage
Baggage allowance
Baggage Tag
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Booking
Booking card
Brochure
Browsers
Bump off
Bus
Business Class
Carrying Capacity
Carrier
Cancelation Charge
Check-in
Check-in time
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Checked-in Baggage
Accompanied baggage
passenger to the carrier.
over
by
the
Check-out
Check-out Time
Color Scheme
Commercial Rate
Complimentary
Conference
Confidential Tariff
Connecting Flight
Corporate travel
Destination
Denied boarding
Departure Transfer
Deprived Boarding
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Descriptive Itinerary
Direct Flight
Domestic Tour
Operator
Economy Fare
E-mail Newsletter
Excess Baggage
Excess Baggage
Charge
Electronic Ticket
Exchange Voucher
Excursion
Excursion Fare
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Exhibitions
Extension
Extranet
Familiarization Tour
Flight
Flight Coupon
Flight Frequency
Ground Arrangements
Go-show
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Guaranteed Tour
Guided Tour
Hand-carried Baggage
Hospitality Resources
Hospitality Room
Hotel
Hotel Contract
Hotel Package
Inbound Tour
Operator
Incentives
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Incidental Charges
Inclusive Tour
Grade 10
Inclusive Escorted
Tour
Interactivity
International Date
The last meridian or where the plus (+) 180 and the
minus (-) 180 meet. When the area West of the
International Date Line is Monday, the area East of it
is Sunday. When this line is crossed going west, the
date is advanced one day. When crossing this line
going east, the date becomes a day earlier.
International Tourism
Internet Service
Provider (ISP)
Interpreter
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Intranets
Islands
Isthmus
Itinerary
Lakes
Land Arrangement
Late Arrival
Late Check-out
A departing guest who remains beyond the checkout hours, normally 1200hrs.
Latitudes
Layout
Lecture
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Legs
Links
Load Factor
Locator Maps
Longitudes
Luggage
Magnetic North
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Market
Grade 10
Meeting
Minibus
Mountains
M.P.D.
Nautical Charts
Navigation Tools
Night Club
Net-Net
Net Rate
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Niche Marketing
Northern Hemisphere
North Pole
No-Show
No-Show Charge
Non-sked
Non-stop Flight
Occupancy
Oceans
Off-line
Off-load
One-on-One-E-mail
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Open Ticket
Open-dated Ticket
Optional Tour
Outside Connections
Links with other companies organizations for crossselling. For example, if your website promotes
mountaineering activities, the companies or
organizations that can help sell are the
mountaineering and outdoor clubs and organization
Overbooking
Package Rate
Panel
Peak Season
Pamphlet
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Paper Stock
Passenger Coupon
Passport
Payment Advice
Peninsula
Personal Selling
Plateau
Plus-Plus
Physical Maps
Pilgrim
A person
purposes.
Point-to-Point Fare
Political Maps
who
travels
primarily
for
religious
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Port of Call
Porterage
Pre/Post Tours
Press Conference
Prime Meridian
Prorate
Published Rate
Purchase Order
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Quad
Rack Rate
Run-of-the House
Rate
Reconfirmation
Refund
Registration Card
Regular Tour Package A tour put together according to the demands of the
market to a popular tourist attraction or destination.
Re-routing
Reservation
Resort
A place of lodging
characteristics.
Retreat
Revalidation
endowed
with
special
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Room Service
Rooming List
Round-trip fare
Round-trip Package
Sale Promotions
Scale
Seas
Seminar
Series Rate
Service Charge
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Service fee
Shore Excursion
Signposts
Single Room
Single Room
Supplement
Size
Skeletal Itinerary
Southern Hemisphere
South Pole
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Stopover
Straight
Suite
Supplier
Surcharge
Tariff
Technical Itinerary
Temperate Zones
Text
Through Flight
Ticket
A contract of carriage.
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Time Zone
Tour
Tour Escort/
Conductor
Tour Group
Tour Guide
Tour Operator
Tour Organizer
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Tour Package
Tour Voucher
Tourism Industry
Tourism Product
Tourist
Tourist Activity
Tourist Attraction
Tourist Bus
Travel Agency
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Travel Representative
Triple Reduction
Upgrade
Unaccompanied
Baggage
Validation
Voucher
Wait-list
Workshop
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References
Books
Reil G. Cruz. (2000). Principles of Travel and Tourism: Focus On the
Philippines Version 2. Tourism Research Philippines. SFDM,
Quezon City . ISB 971-92219-0-9
Marc Mancini, Ph.D. (2006). Access: Introduction to Travel and
Tourism. Cengage Learning Asia Pte. Ltd. Emerald Avenue,
Ortigas Avenue, Pasig City. ISBN-13: 978-981-2656-43-8
_____________, Request Proposal for Travel Management services,
2003.
Altinay L & Paraskevas A (2008). Planning research in hospitality and
tourism (Butterworth-Heinemann)
Amadeus Reservations, Fares and Ticketing Manuals February 2014
Asia Pacific Tourism Training Institute, Travel Agency Accounting
Handout, Quezon City, August 1997
Beaver, A. (2005). A Dictionary of Travel and Tourism Terminology,
CABI.
Brotherton, B. (2008). Researching Hospitality and Tourism: A Student
Guide (Sage Publications),
Buhalis, D., (2003). eTourism: Information Technology for Strategic
Tourism Management, Pearson.
Buhalis, D., and Schertler, W., 1999, Information and Communication
Technologies in tourism,Springer-Verlag, Wien-New York, ISBN
3-211-83258-0.
Chambers, Erve (Ed.) (1997) Tourism and Culture: An Applied
Perspective. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Chang, T.C. (1999) Local Uniqueness in the Global Village: Heritage
Tourism in Singapore Professional Geographer. Vol. 51, no. 1,
p. 91-103.
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Electronic Resources
General Sources:
http://3.bp.blogspot.comHihWGeNIwbI/Ut3TNfciWuI/AAAAAAAAOiU/C
6XVuqAnFcU/s1600/1.png
https://www2.nbta.org/usa/about/Pages/TheValueofTravelManagement
.aspx
http://www.tourism.gov.ph/Downloadable%20Files/RA%209593.pdf
http://www.tourism.gov.ph/Pages/20091015TourismActof2009.aspx
http://www.tesda.gov.ph/inc/files/CBC%20Travel%20Services%20NC
%20II.doc
http://www.academia.edu/5236691/Discussion_1_Prelims_
http://www.slidegeeks.com/pics/dgm/l/c/constant_representation_of_6_
stages_using_arrows_vision_flowchart_templates_powerpoint_
slides_1.jpg
http://www.slidegeeks.com/pics/dgm/l/h/hands_emphasizing_7_stages
_process_flow_chart_powerpoint_slides_1.jpg
http://www.slidegeeks.com/pics/dgm/l/3/3d_successive_arrows_6_stag
es_flowchart_powerpoint_free_slides_1.jpg
http://vigattintourism.com/assets/article_main_photos/optimize/134828
65300D0UPluG.jpg
http://adventuroj.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/ilocos-tour.jpg
LM-Travel Services
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Philippine_dishes
http://www.rxpinoy.com/medicaltourismphilippines/v2/showstage.php?pti=2&ac=none
LM-Travel Services
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http://www.sabreairlinesolutions.com/home/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabre_%28computer_system%29
http://www.slideshare.net/AngelinaNjegus/lesson-3-from-computerreservation-systems-to-global-distribution-systems
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_CRS