WorksCited

PrimarySources

1960sFoodandGroceriesPrices.
ThePeopleHistory.
n.p.,n.d.Web.26May2015.
Alistofgrocerypricesofvariousfoodsastheywereinthe1960s.Iusedthistofind
thepriceofahomecookedmeal,makingiteasiertocomparetheopportunitycostof
buyingTVdinnersovermakingdinnerathome.
<
http://www.thepeoplehistory.com/60sfood.html
>

doyouremember.SwansonsTVDinners.
doyouremember.com
.n.p.,10May2015.Web.
7June2015.
ThiswebsitehaslotsofimagesofSwansonsTVDinnersthatIusedonmy
advertisementspagetotracktheirevolutionovertime.
<
http://doyouremember.com/oldermemories/swansonstvdinners/
>

Edwards,Owen.TrayBon!
Smithsonian.
SmithsonianMagazine,December2004.Web.26
May2015.
AnarticledescribingapersonalexperiencewithTVdinnersandhowthefrozenmeals
contributedtothewaytheylivedtheirlifestyle,usedasanexampleofhowthe
convenienceofTVdinnersaffectedfamilylife.
<
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/traybon96872641/?noist
>

Leung,Wendy.
ImLateButDinnerWontBe!
Photograph.
ModernAmericanHistory.
n.p.
n.d.Web.26May2015.
A1960sSwansonadvertisementdescribinghowwomencouldnowcomehomeanytime
andhavedinnerreadyinaflash,givingoneexampleofwhyTVdinnerswereappealing
totheworkingwife.
<
http://blogs.baruch.cuny.edu/his1005spring2011/2011/04/10/imlatebutdinnerwontbe
>

Hartlaub,Peter.WhatsyouralltimefavoriteTVdinner.
ThePoop.
n.p.,7January
2010.Web.5June2015.
Iusedaquotefromtheauthorofthisblogdescribingtheirownpersonalexperiences
withTVdinnertoshowhowpartofwhatattractedcustomerstofrozenmealswasthe
varietytheyprovided.
<
http://blog.sfgate.com/parenting/2010/01/07/whatsyouralltimefavoritetvdinner/
>

TelevisionHistoryTheFirst75Years.
n.p.,n.d.Web.5June2015.
Acollectionofstatisticsregardingthetelevisionsuchassalesandpercentaired.These
chartsandgraphsshowedthatthepeakofsalesintelevisionisconcurrentwiththefirst
salesofSwansonsTVDinner.
<
http://www.tvhistory.tv/factsstats.htm
>

(AnnotatedSwansonTVDinnerCommercials)
Theseadvertisementswereairedfromthe1950stothe2000s,andIusedthemtotrack
theevolutionoftheSwansonTVdinnersovertimeandhowtheychangedandcontinued
tocatertotheneedsoftheAmericans.

A/VGeeks.SwansonTVDinnercommercials.Onlinevideoclip.
Youtube.
Youtube,13
October2010.Web.26May2015.
<
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTzySyFzzOE
>

AdvertNation.SwansonsTVDinners1970s.Onlinevideoclip.
Youtube.
Youtube,10July
2008.Web.26May2015.
<
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bchbbWsfDOA
>

DHeine.19731975SwansonHungryManDinnersTVcommercialw/JeffConaway.
Onlinevideoclip.
Youtube.
Youtube,23July2012.Web.26May2015.
<
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43qPrDB13JM
>

moonport1.SwansonTVdinnercommercial1953.Onlinevideoclip.
Youtube
.Youtube,6
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<
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Pkk_KkiQNQ
>

RetroTy:ThePulseofNostalgia.1991SwansonTVDinnerRealMealsforRealLife.
Onlinevideoclip.
Youtube.
Youtube,8February2013.Web.26May2015.
<
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pOp0gnaLD58
>

tvdays.SWANSONTVDINNERSCLASSICTVSHOWSNEWSREELSCARTONon
TVDAYS.com.Onlinevideoclip.
Youtube.
Youtube,7November2008.Web.26May
2015.
<
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>

VintageFanatic.1955SwansonTVDinnerCommercial.Onlinevideoclip.
Youtube.
Youtube,19May2013.Web.26May2015.
<
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>

(AnnotatedSwansonAdvertisements)
ImagesofSwansonTVDinneradvertisementsandpackagesthatIusedtocompare
andcontrastthechangesthatSwansonmadewiththeirproduct.

Fred.SwansonTVDinners,1961.
FredsAdverCity.
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2015.
<
http://fredsadvercity.blogspot.com/2014/04/swansontvdinners1961.html
>

Jason.Swanson3CourseDinnerFriedChickentvdinnerbox1960s.
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Flickr.com,1April2011.Web.10June2015.
<
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>

sueism.SwansonTVDinnerAd1966.
Flickr.
Flickr.com,14December2010.Web.10
June2015.
<
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>

SwansonSalisburySteakDinner.Photograph.
FoolishQuestions.
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Web.11June2015.
<
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>

SwansonTVDinnerAd,1963.Image.
About.comInventors.
About.com,n.d.Web.10
June2015.
<
http://inventors.about.com/od/inventionsalphabet/a/tv_dinner.htm
>

SecondarySources

Allen,Steve.TelevisionintheUnitedStates.
EncyclopaediaBritannica.
Encyclopaedia
BritannicaOnline.EncyclopaediaBritannicaInc.,2015.Web.27May2015.
ThisisanarticlethatdescribeshowAmericanswerebecomingmoreandmoreattracted
tothetelevision,andhowitaffectedtheirdailylives.Iusedthisinformationtoshowhow
itreflectedinthepopularityofSwansonsTVdinners.
<
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1513870/TelevisionintheUnitedState
>

Batten,DanyeD.TheG.I.Bill,HigherEducation,andAmericanSociety.
GroveCity
CollegeJournalofLaw&PublicPolicyVol
2:1(2008):1330.Web.5June2015.
ThisarticleexaminestheeffectsoftheG.I.BillontheeducationinAmerica.Formy
project,itdiscussestheeffectontheamountofpeopleincollegeatthetime.
<
http://www2.gcc.edu/orgs/gclawjournal/articles/spring%202011/gi%20bill.pdf
>

Bellis,Mary.TheHistoryofTVDinners.
About.comInventors.
About.com,n.d.Web.10
June2015.
ThiswebsitegivesahistoryofGerryThomasandhishelpinthedevelopmentof
SwansonsTVDinners.ItalsoincludesaquoteabouthowtheWorldWarIIcontributed
totheSwansonmealspopularity.
<
http://inventors.about.com/od/inventionsalphabet/a/tv_dinner.htm
>

Boundless.TheRoleofWomenintheHousehold.
BoundlessU.S.History.
Boundless,10
June.2015.Web.14June2015.
ThiswebsitediscussesthewomansroleasahomemakerinAmerica,andhowtheirlives
changedinthe1950sthankstonewtechnologies.Ittalksabouttheriseinconsumerism,
especiallyfromwivesbuyingnewinventionstosavetime.
<
https://www.boundless.com/ushistory/textbooks/boundlessushistorytextbook/politi
csandcultureofabundance1943196028/cultureofabundance215/theroleofwomen
inthehousehold11944665/
>

Ferdman,RobertA.Americas60yearloveaffairwithfrozentvdinnersisover.
Quartz.
Wordpress.n.p.,13March2014.Web.26May2015.
ThisarticlediscusseshowAmericansaremovingawayfromfrozendinners,with
graphsandchartsshowingthedeclineinsales.IthelpedmeunderstandhowAmericais
movingawayfromfrozendinnersandfrozenfoodsingeneral,andtowardshaving
fresherfoods.
<
http://qz.com/187433/americas60yearloveaffairwithfrozentvdinnersisover/
>

Ganzel,Bill.Farminginthe1950s&60s.
LivingHistoryFarm.
Wessels,2007.Web.26
May2015.
Thissiteprovidesabriefhistoryoffreezingfoodstopreservethem,followedbyan
explanationofhowWorldWarIIpavedthewayforeverydayfamiliestoaffordfrozen
foods.
<
http://www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe50s/life_15.html
>

GilbertC.Swanson.
ClintonHouseMuseum.
n.p.,n.d.Web.7June2015.
ThiswebsiteprovidesanindepthlookatthelifeofGilbertC.Swanson,whossonswent
ontomarkettheSwansonTVDinner.ItgoesontotalkabouthowGerryThomascame
upwithhisideafortheTVDinners.
<
http://www.clintonhousemuseum.org/gilbertcswanson
>

Gust,Lauren.DefrostingDinner:TheEvolutionofFrozenMealsinAmerica.
Intersect:The
StanfordJournalofScience,TechnologyandSociety
[Online].4.1(2011):4856.Web.
10June2015.
Thispaperthattrackstheoriginsofthefrozendinnersandtheirjourneyintomainstream
AmericanlifethroughthesuccessofSwansonsTVdinners.Atfirst,waslookingfor
informationonthehistoryoffrozenmealsbeforeSwanson,buttherestofthepaperhad
otherinformationthatrelatedtomytopicsuchastelevisionsroleandtheredefinedrole
forthewomaninthehome.
<
http://ojs.stanford.edu/ojs/index.php/intersect/article/view/269
>

History.comStaff.BabyBoomers.
History.com.
A+ENetworks,2010.Web.10June
2015.
ApagetalkingaboutthebabyboomercultureandthereasonithappenedafterWorld
WarII.Thebabyboomerculturewasimportanttotheconsumerculturethathelpedthe
TVdinnergainpopularity.
<
http://www.history.com/topics/babyboomers
>

HistoryandTimeline.
EducationandTraining.
U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs,21
November2013.Web.7June2015.
ThispagegivesabriefhistoryoftheServicemansReadjustmentActof1944andhowit
helpedveteransafterWorldWarII,givingthemamoresecureeconomicsituationin
Americaandallowingthemextraincometousefortherisingtrendinconsumer
consumption.
<
http://www.benefits.va.gov/gibill/history.asp
>

TheHistoryoftheTVDinner.
Food+Cooking:gourment.com.
GourmetLive,19October
2011.Web.10June2015.
AnindepthhistoryoftheTVdinnerthatexplainshowGerryThomaswasnotthefirstto
comeupwiththeidea,butthereasonitbecamesopopularwasitsmarketing.
<
http://www.gourmet.com/food/gourmetlive/2011/101911/thehistoryofthetvdinner.ht
ml
>

Olver,Lynne.
TheFoodTimeline:popularAmericandecadefoods,menus,products&party
planningtips.
n.p.,27February2015.Web.5June2015.
ThiswebsiteisadetailedtimelineoftheevolutionoffoodinAmericaovertime.Itwas
thiswebsitethatinitiallypromptedmyprojectsfocusonTVdinners,andlater
Ifound
newamericanproductsintroducedinthe1940sthatshowedthetransitiontopremade
productstomakedinnerwithforthewife.
<
http://www.foodtimeline.org/fooddecades.html
>


Rich,Michael.SwansonTVDinners.
FiftiesWebPop.
RichWeb,n.d.Web.26May2015.
ThissitehasacollectionoffunfactsabouttheSwansonTVdinners.Itprovided
severaldatesformytimelinetohelpunderstandtheorderofeventssurroundingfrozen
meals.
<
http://www.fiftiesweb.com/pop/tvdinner.htm
>

Stoneham,Nina.
WomensRolesinthe1950s.
Weebly,n.d.Web.26May2015.
ArticleexplainingthechangingroleforthewomeninsocietypostWorldWarII,
indirectlycontributingtotheincreasesaleinTVdinnersaswomenspentmoretime
workingandlesstimeathomecooking.
<
http://1950s.weebly.com/womensroles.html
>

TVDinners.
CooksInfo.
n.p.,n.d.Web.5June2015.
ThissiteprovidesanaccountofnotonlySwansonsTVdinner,butseveralother
companiesthatattemptedtosellfrozenmealsthatdidnotseeasmuchsuccessas
Swanson.TherearealsoquiteafewdatesandtimelinesthatIusedinmytimelinetohelp
viewersunderstandthechronologicalorderoftheeventsrelatedtotheTVdinner.
<
http://www.cooksinfo.com/tvdinners
>

UnitedStates.DepartmentofLabor.OfficeofPublications&SpecialStudies.100Yearsof
U.S.ConsumerSpending:DatafortheNation,NewYorkCity,andBoston.

By
MichaelL.DolfmanandDenisM.McSweeney.U.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,3
August2006.Web.26May2015.
Thisisareportonconsumerspendingduringthe20thcentury,whichhasvarious
graphsthatrelatetomyprojectincludingAmericanincomeovertheyearsandthe
amountofwomenintheworkforce.
<
http://www.bls.gov/opub/uscs/196061.pdf
>

WhoInventedtheTVDinner?
EverydayMysteries.
LibraryofCongress.n.p.,23August
2010.Web.26May2015.
ThiswebsitegavemetheinitialinsightthatSwansonwasnotthefirstcompanytosell
frozendinners,promptingmetolookintowhyitwasthatSwansonsTVdinnershad
beensignificantlymorepopularamongAmericans.
<
http://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/mysteries/tvdinner.html
>

(ArticlesdescribingthehistoryofTVdinners.)

Fuller,John.Sept.101953:SwansonSellsFirstTVDinner.
HowStuffWorks.
n.p.,n.d.
Web.27May2015.
<
http://people.howstuffworks.com/swansondinner.htm
>

FrozenTVDinnersEvolutionofaClassic.
EasyHomeMealsBlog.
NationalFrozen&
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<
http://blog.easyhomemeals.com/frozentvdinnersevolutionofaclassic/
>

Padden,Kathy.PeelingBacktheFoil:TheOriginoftheTVDinner.
TodayIFoundOut.
n.p.,20August2013.Web.26May2015.
<
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thetvdinner/
>

(Imagesusedforwebsite)

1954(CT100)15console,wood(mahogany)ConsidredAmericasFirstmassproduced
ColorTV.Photograph.
TelevisionHistoryTheFirst75Years.
n.p.,n.d.Web.10June
2015.
<
http://www.tvhistory.tv/195059RCA.htm
>

AttheFreezerCase.Photograph.
EverydayMysteries.
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<
http://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/mysteries/tvdinner.html
>

FamilywatchingTV.Photograph.
APUSH1920svs.1950s.
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eToken=050c343a22ebf4ba7f9a9ac9daee34bcc
>

JBP.1953.SwansonintroducestheTVDinner.Photograph.
Pinterest.
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10June2015.
<
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/436919601326122306/
>

Maskel,Rebecca.MaxsonsSpeciallyDesignedOven.Photograph.
Air&Space.
Smithsonian,17May2012.Web.7June2015.
<
http://www.airspacemag.com/dailyplanet/hesavednavyfliersfromspam98327183/
?noist
>

Montone,Christian.SwansonTVBrandDinners.Photograph.
WSBTV.wbstv.comstaff,
10
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<
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/nhKN6/
>

Stancliff,Dave.TVTurkeyDinner.Photograph.
AsItStands.
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10June2015.
<
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>

Strhol,Daniel.Baltimore,1950s.Photograph.
HemmingsDaily.
HemmingsDaily,21February
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>

UnitedStatesBirthRates.Image.
Wikipedia
.Wikipedia,n.d.Web.10June2015.
<
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>

Womenworking.Photograph.
Minoritiesinthe1950s.
Wordpress,n.d.Web.10June
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<
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>

XanyLeaves.ObjectOverload:Popcorn.Image.
DeviantArt.
DeviantArt,6April2014.
Web.7June2015.
<
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>