- A complete overview of SAP BPC solutions

- Master the features, functions, and integration of SAP BPC with other
components and applications
- Updated and revised for SAP BPC 10.0
- 3rd Edition SAP NetWeaver Version
Explore how SAP BPC 10.0 can impact your organization. This updated and expanded
edition gives you a comprehensive overview of the SAP BPC features, functions, and
best practices. Referencing a detailed case study, find out how to use SAP BPC for
NetWeaver for budget planning, forecasting, and consolidationthe building blocks of
a complete planning and consolidation solution. Learn what to expect from a BPC
applicationand how to get it using SAP BPC 10.0.
Features and Functions
Discover how data management, process management, and reporting work in BPC.
Reporting and Analysis
Extensive coverage of the reporting and analysis framework will walk you through the
steps and tools used to report, plan, and analyze data.
Best Practices Revealed
Incorporate best practices into your budget planning, forecasting, and consolidation
using SAP BPC for NetWeaver.
Integration Basics
Learn how you can coordinate a comprehensive BPC solution by integrating with other
SAP components.
Case Study
Follow the fictitious Rich Bloom, Inc. as it deploys SAP BPC for NetWeaver to improve
its operational efficiency and create a robust planning system.

Highlights
-

SAP BPC for NetWeaver architecture

Loading, scheduling, and managing data
Process management and collaboration
Business process workflows
Consolidation
Business logic
Application building and modeling
Reporting, planning, and analysis
Business rules

The Authors
Sridhar Srinivasan and Kumar Srinivasan work for Zebra Consulting, Inc., in
Houston,TX. They have several years of experience implementing solutions using SAP
NetWeaver BW and SAP Business Planning and Consolidation products. They have also
published another SAP PRESS book, SAP NetWeaver BI Integrated Planning for Finance.

Table of Contents

... Foreword ... 13

... Acknowledgments ... 19
... Introduction ... 21
1 ... Overview of SAP Enterprise Performance Management ... 27
1.1 ... Enterprise Performance Management ... 27
1.2 ... Planning, Budgeting, and Forecasting ... 32
1.2.1 ... Planning Horizon ... 33
1.2.2 ... Planning Types ... 34
1.2.3 ... Planning Areas ... 36
1.2.4 ... Common Scenarios for Planning in Business ... 38
1.2.5 ... Considerations in Planning ... 40
1.3 ... Consolidation ... 42
1.3.1 ... Elimination of Intercompany Transactions ... 43
1.3.2 ... Consolidation of Investments ... 44
1.4 ... Summary ... 45
2 ... Overview of SAP BPC ... 47
2.1 ... SAP BPC: Business User-Owned and Managed ... 48
2.1.1 ... Software Designed to Support Change ... 48
2.1.2 ... SAP BPC (Microsoft and SAP NetWeaver) ... 50
2.1.3 ... SAP BPC for NetWeaver ... 54
2.2 ... Unified Planning and Consolidation ... 55
2.2.1 ... Planning in SAP BPC ... 56
2.2.2 ... Consolidation in SAP BPC ... 56
2.3 ... SAP BPC for NetWeaver Architecture ... 59
2.3.1 ... BPC Clients ... 59
2.3.2 ... Connectivity ... 60
2.3.3 ... SAP NetWeaver Application Server ... 61
2.3.4 ... Database Server ... 61
2.4 ... Introducing SAP NetWeaver BW ... 62
2.4.1 ... Objects Used in SAP NetWeaver BW ... 62
2.4.2 ... Extracting, Transforming, and Loading Data in SAP NetWeaver BW ... 64
2.4.3 ... Process Chains ... 67
2.4.4 ... Business Content ... 67
2.4.5 ... Key Features in SAP NetWeaver BW 7.3 ... 68
2.5 ... Terminology and Objects in SAP BPC ... 70
2.6 ... Summary ... 76
3 ... Designing a Model with SAP BPC for NetWeaver ... 77
3.1 ... Rich Bloom Case Study ... 77
3.1.1 ... Business ... 78
3.1.2 ... Offices ... 78
3.1.3 ... Products ... 78
3.1.4 ... Currency ... 79
3.1.5 ... Case Study ... 79
3.1.6 ... Decision to Use SAP BPC for NetWeaver ... 80
3.2 ... Building the Data Model in SAP NetWeaver BW ... 81
3.2.1 ... Creating and Activating InfoObjects ... 84
3.2.2 ... Creating an InfoArea ... 94
3.2.3 ... Creating a Sales InfoCube ... 95
3.3 ... Building Models in SAP BPC ... 101
3.3.1 ... Accessing the SAP BPC System ... 103
3.3.2 ... Environment ... 107
3.3.3 ... Dimensions ... 113
3.3.4 ... Model ... 123

3.4 ... Summary ... 133

4 ... Loading, Scheduling, and Managing Data in SAP BPC for NetWeaver ... 135
4.1 ... Loading Data into an InfoCube in SAP NetWeaver BW ... 136
4.1.1 ... Creating a DataSource ... 136
4.1.2 ... Creating Transformations ... 140
4.1.3 ... Creating the Data Transfer Process ... 142
4.1.4 ... Creating InfoPackages ... 144
4.1.5 ... Loading Data from the PSA to the Data Target ... 147
4.2 ... Loading Data into SAP BPC ... 149
4.2.1 ... Transformation and Conversion ... 150
4.2.2 ... Data Manager Packages ... 158
4.2.3 ... Process Chains ... 165
4.2.4 ... Loading Master Data from a Flat File into a Dimension ... 165
4.2.5 ... Loading Master Data from an InfoObject into an SAP BPC Dimension ... 176
4.2.6 ... Loading Hierarchy Data from an InfoObject into an SAP BPC Dimension ... 186
4.2.7 ... Loading Data from an InfoCube into an SAP BPC Model ... 190
4.3 ... Copying Data Inside an SAP BPC Model ... 198
4.4 ... Summary ... 201
5 ... Reporting, Planning, and Analysis in SAP BPC ... 203
5.1 ... Reporting and Analysis in SAP BPC ... 204
5.1.1 ... SAP EPM Add-In Interface for Excel: Connecting to a Model ... 206
5.1.2 ... Creating Reports ... 215
5.1.3 ... Developing Reports Using Dynamic Templates ... 234
5.1.4 ... Developing Reports Using EPM Functions ... 235
5.1.5 ... Developing Reports Using the EPMRetrieveData Function ... 239
5.1.6 ... Developing a Static EPM Report Rolling Forecast Report ... 240
5.1.7 ... Developing Customized Reports ... 245
5.1.8 ... Quick Links ... 249
5.1.9 ... Migrating 7.5 Version EvDRE Reports ... 250
5.1.10 ... Developing Reports Using the New API for EPM ... 250
5.1.11 ... Developing Reports Using the SAP BPC Web Client ... 252
5.2 ... Planning in SAP BPC Using Input Forms ... 255
5.2.1 ... Standard Templates for Input Forms ... 256
5.2.2 ... Developing an Input Form ... 257
5.2.3 ... Using the EPMSaveData Function to Save Data ... 260
5.3 ... Other Features ... 261
5.3.1 ... Drill-Through Feature ... 261
5.3.2 ... Integration with SAP Business Objects Dashboards ... 261
5.4 ... Summary ... 262
6 ... Developing Business Logic in SAP BPC ... 263
6.1 ... Dimension Logic ... 264
6.1.1 ... Dimension Formulas ... 264
6.1.2 ... Solve Order ... 265
6.2 ... Logic Script ... 270
6.2.1 ... Logic Script Construct ... 270
6.2.2 ... Executing Logic Script ... 279
6.2.3 ... Creating Logic Script to Revalue Plan Data ... 279
6.2.4 ... Creating Logic Script to Push Data from the YTD to PERIODIC Models ... 289
6.2.5 ... Logic Script Files Provided by SAP ... 290
6.3 ... Business Rules Overview ... 291
6.3.1 ... Currency Translation ... 291
6.3.2 ... Carry Forward ... 292
6.3.3 ... Account Transformation ... 292

6.3.4 ... Intercompany Matching/Booking ... 292

6.3.5 ... Intercompany Elimination ... 293
6.3.6 ... Eliminations and Automatic Adjustments ... 293
6.4 ... Currency Translation ... 294
6.5 ... Allocations ... 305
6.6 ... Using BAdIs to Code Logic ... 309
6.7 ... Validation ... 312
6.8 ... Controls ... 317
6.9 ... Summary ... 318
7 ... Process Management and Collaboration ... 319
7.1 ... Work Status ... 320
7.2 ... Comments ... 327
7.2.1 ... Adding Comments ... 328
7.2.2 ... Viewing Comments ... 331
7.2.3 ... Reporting on Comments ... 334
7.2.4 ... EPM Functions for Comments ... 337
7.3 ... Distribution and Collection ... 337
7.3.1 ... Creating a Distribution Template ... 339
7.3.2 ... Offline Distribution Wizard ... 344
7.3.3 ... Collection ... 349
7.4 ... Book Publishing ... 350
7.4.1 ... Creating a Book Publishing Template ... 352
7.4.2 ... Book Publication ... 356
7.5 ... Integrating SAP BPC Data into Word and PowerPoint ... 361
7.6 ... Summary ... 365
8 ... Essential Tools for Building Models ... 367
8.1 ... Transporting SAP BPC Objects ... 368
8.2 ... Concurrency Locking ... 375
8.2.1 ... Approaches to Locking ... 375
8.2.2 ... Locking Features in SAP BPC for NetWeaver ... 375
8.2.3 ... Locking Process in SAP BPC for NetWeaver ... 376
8.3 ... Administration Parameters ... 380
8.4 ... Statistics ... 387
8.5 ... Audit ... 390
8.6 ... Documents ... 393
8.6.1 ... Accessing the Documents ... 393
8.6.2 ... Posting a Document ... 393
8.6.3 ... Editing Document Properties ... 394
8.6.4 ... Add a Web Page to Documents ... 395
8.7 ... Security ... 396
8.7.1 ... Users ... 397
8.7.2 ... Team ... 397
8.7.3 ... Task Profile ... 397
8.7.4 ... Data Access Profile ... 399
8.7.5 ... Security Model ... 399
8.8 ... Summary ... 400
9 ... Consolidation with SAP BPC ... 401
9.1 ... Steps in Consolidation ... 402
9.2 ... Business Rules ... 403
9.2.1 ... Carry Forward ... 404
9.2.2 ... Account Transformation ... 413
9.2.3 ... Intercompany Matching/Booking ... 417
9.2.4 ... Intercompany Eliminations (U.S. Elimination) ... 424

9.2.5 ... Controls ... 431

9.3 ... Consolidation of Investments ... 441
9.3.1 ... Purchase Method ... 441
9.3.2 ... Equity Method ... 442
9.3.3 ... Proportional Method ... 443
9.3.4 ... Consolidation of Investments ... 444
9.4 ... Intercompany EliminationEliminations and Adjustments Business Rule ... 464
9.5 ... Journals ... 467
9.5.1 ... Create Journal Template ... 469
9.5.2 ... Manage Journals ... 471
9.5.3 ... Journal BAdI ... 473
9.6 ... Summary ... 474
10 ... Business Process Flow and Enhancements ... 475
10.1 ... Business Process Flow ... 475
10.1.1 ... Creating a Business Process Flow Template ... 476
10.1.2 ... Creating a Business Process Flow Instance ... 481
10.1.3 ... Executing Activities ... 482
10.1.4 ... Process Monitor ... 484
10.2 ... New Features for SAP NetWeaver ... 485
10.2.1 ... SAP HANA ... 485
10.2.2 ... Firefox as Web Browser ... 485
10.2.3 ... Drill-Through for Web Reports ... 485
10.2.4 ... Disaggregate Data from Parent Node Cells Using BAdI ... 485
10.2.5 ... Reporting on Archived Audit Data ... 486
10.2.6 ... Defer Layout in a Web Report ... 486
10.2.7 ... Export Web Report to CSV file ... 486
10.2.8 ... Zero Suppression Option in a Web Report ... 486
10.3 ... Conclusion ... 486
... The Authors ... 489
... Index ... 491

Explore expert tips and techniques for maximizing BPC

Facilitate fast and accurate reporting with the EPM Excel Add-In, the
new Script Logic Editor, and the enhanced reporting component
Upload, extract data, and create enterprise reports
Covers BPC 10.0, EPM 10.0, and BW 7.3

Take the labor-intensive guess-work out of number crunching, financial planning,

budgeting, and forecasting! With data at your fingertips and this comprehensive guide
to BPC, quickly model new business scenarios and efficiently create and approve
plans, budgets, and forecasts. Written for todays busy financial consultants, business
developers, and financial analysts, this book will help you configure and implement
the necessary dimensions, master data, and hierarchies for both the Consolidation
and the Planning components of BPC 10.0.
The Building Blocks of BPC
Understand the foundational architecture and data modeling process behind BPC with
specific tasks and activities for configuration, planning, forecasting, and
consolidation.
Planning and Consolidation Integration
Explore the unique implementation and configuration processes for each BPC
component with technical coverage of BPC 10.0, EPM 10.0 and BW 7.3.
Real-World Expertise meets Effective Business Solutions
Expand the potential of your Planning and Consolidation solution with expert tips and
tricks, all written so you can get the most out of BPC.
Enhanced Reporting
With transparent financial data, you can enable fast, accurate management and
statutory reporting with the enhanced reporting component, EPM Excel Add-In and
the new Script Logic Editor.

Highlights

BPC architecture
Reporting
Data loading from source systems to BPC
Planning, forecasting, and budgeting
Consolidation Monitor
Business process flows
Migration process from BPC 7.5 to BPC 10.0
Script Logic Editor
EPM Excel Add-In
Master data management

The Author
Peter Jones is a BI/BPC Sr. Application Consultant with more than nine years of
consulting and educational experience. He regularly speaks at SAP sponsored events
and has been involved with SAP Education in writing training material. An active
participant in the only customer validation process for BPC NW v10 in the world, he
has extensive experience in BPC 7.5 implementations as well.

Table of Contents

... Acknowledgments ... 15

... Introduction ... 19
1 ... Overview of Planning and Consolidation ... 31
1.1 ... Concepts of Planning ... 31
1.2 ... Concepts Of Consolidation ... 34
1.3 ... Summary ... 36
2 ... The Fundamentals of BPC ... 37
2.1 ... System Architecture ... 37
2.2 ... Accessing the System ... 42
2.2.1 ... SAP NetWeaver Business Warehouse (BW) System ... 42
2.3 ... Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC) System ... 48
2.3.1 ... Enterprise Performance Management (EPM) Add-In ... 55
2.4 ... BPC Starter Kit Information ... 64
2.4.1 ... IFRS Starter Kit ... 65
2.4.2 ... Other Starter Kits ... 68
2.5 ... Summary ... 68
3 ... BPC Architecture ... 71
3.1 ... Terminology and Objects in BPC ... 71
3.2 ... Overview of Data Modeling for BPC ... 75
3.2.1 ... Key Data Modeling Questions ... 76
3.2.2 ... EnvironmentShell ... 81
3.2.3 ... Configuration/Copy of EnvironmentShell ... 84
3.3 ... Dimensions and Properties ... 86
3.3.1 ... Definition of Dimensions ... 87
3.3.2 ... Dimension Types ... 89
3.4 ... Create a Dimension ... 91
3.5 ... List of Dimensions and Properties ... 95
3.5.1 ... Time Dimension ... 96
3.5.2 ... Category Dimension ... 97
3.5.3 ... Account Dimension ... 98
3.5.4 ... Entity Dimension ... 102
3.5.5 ... Interco Dimension ... 103
3.5.6 ... Subtable/Flow Dimension ... 104
3.5.7 ... DataSource/Audittrail Dimension ... 105
3.5.8 ... Scope Dimension ... 106
3.5.9 ... Rptcurrency Dimension ... 108
3.5.10 ... Inputcurrency Dimension ... 109
3.5.11 ... List of Additional Dimensions and Properties ... 109
3.6 ... Additional Topics in the Development of Dimensions ... 110
3.6.1 ... Dimension Security ... 111
3.6.2 ... Hierarchies on Dimensions ... 112
3.6.3 ... Custom Measure Formulas ... 113
3.6.4 ... Dimension Formulas ... 116
3.6.5 ... Owner Properties ... 119
3.6.6 ... Reviewer Properties ... 120
3.7 ... Models ... 120
3.7.1 ... Configuration of Models ... 123
3.7.2 ... Create a Model ... 124
3.8 ... Business Warehouse Objects ... 131
3.8.1 ... Architecture of BW objects ... 131
3.8.2 ... BW Objects Support for the BPC Version for SAP NetWeaver ... 131

3.8.3 ... BW/BPC InfoObject ... 135

3.8.4 ... BW/BPC InfoCube ... 137
3.9 ... Summary ... 138
4 ... Reporting in BPC ... 141
4.1 ... Report Considerations ... 142
4.2 ... Other Reporting Components in BPC ... 145
4.3 ... Standard EPM Reports ... 147
4.4 ... Overview of the EPM Add-In Component ... 151
4.4.1 ... BPC Access via the Web Services to the Excel Add-In ... 155
4.5 ... Navigation in the EPM Add-In ... 157
4.5.1 ... Initial EPM Add-In Screen Context and Current Report Panes ... 160
4.5.2 ... Build a Basic Report ... 161
4.6 ... Review of the EPM Ribbon ... 169
4.6.1 ... Reports ... 170
4.6.2 ... Data Analysis ... 177
4.6.3 ... Undo ... 180
4.6.4 ... Data Input ... 181
4.6.5 ... Collaboration ... 191
4.6.6 ... Tools ... 206
4.7 ... EPM Add-In Basics ... 231
4.7.1 ... Report Editor, Report Selection ... 232
4.7.2 ... Local Members ... 242
4.7.3 ... Formatting of Reports ... 246
4.7.4 ... Multi-Reports in a Workbook ... 251
4.8 ... Excel Add-In Advanced Features ... 254
4.8.1 ... Asymmetric Reports ... 254
4.8.2 ... EPM and FPMXL Functions ... 255
4.9 ... Data Manager in the EPM Add-In ... 259
4.10 ... PowerPoint and Word Documents in the EPM Add-In ... 259
4.11 ... Summary ... 262
5 ... Data Loading in BPC ... 263
5.1 ... Overview of Data Loading Processes in BPC ... 263
5.1.1 ... Data Manager ... 264
5.1.2 ... Business Warehouse (BW) ... 272
5.1.3 ... Flat Files ... 276
5.2 ... Data Loading Process in BW ... 280
5.2.1 ... Master Data, Text, and Hierarchies ... 281
5.2.2 ... Transactional Data ... 290
5.3 ... Data Loading Processes from BW to BPC ... 294
5.3.1 ... Master Data, Text ... 294
5.3.2 ... Hierarchies ... 305
5.3.3 ... Transactional Data ... 314
5.4 ... Data Loading Processes from a Flat File to BPC ... 325
5.4.1 ... Master Data, Hierarchy ... 326
5.4.2 ... Text ... 332
5.4.3 ... Transactional Data ... 334
5.5 ... Using the Data Manager Functionality in BPC ... 342
5.5.1 ... Data Manager Configuration ... 343
5.5.2 ... Process Chains ... 350
5.6 ... Uploading Currency Exchange Rates for BPC ... 353
5.6.1 ... Data Flow of Currency Exchange Rates to the Rate Model ... 355
5.6.2 ... Configuration of BW and BPC for Exchange Rate Uploads ... 357
5.7 ... Additional Concepts in BW for BPC Data Loading ... 364

5.8 ... Summary ... 367

6 ... Forecasting, Planning, and Budgeting in BPC ... 369
6.1 ... Overview of Planning, Forecasting, and Budgeting in BPC ... 369
6.1.1 ... Approaches to Planning, Forecasting, and Budgeting ... 370
6.2 ... Script Logic in BPC ... 377
6.2.1 ... Worksheet Logic ... 378
6.2.2 ... Dimension Member Logic ... 379
6.2.3 ... Standard Script Logic Prompts for BPC ... 384
6.2.4 ... Use of Script Logic in the Planning Process ... 396
6.2.5 ... Allocation Script Logic ... 411
6.2.6 ... Script Logic in the Automation of Data Loading ... 413
6.2.7 ... BAdIs and the ABAP Program ... 416
6.3 ... Generic Planning Process ... 420
6.3.1 ... Initial Planned Data ... 420
6.3.2 ... Copy Process ... 421
6.3.3 ... Data Transfer Processes ... 422
6.3.4 ... Executing Calculations in Planning ... 423
6.3.5 ... Top-Down Planning ... 424
6.3.6 ... Bottom-Up Planning ... 425
6.4 ... Summary ... 425
7 ... Consolidation in BPC ... 427
7.1 ... Overview of Consolidation ... 427
7.1.1 ... What Consolidation Is All About ... 427
7.1.2 ... Performing Consolidations with Planning and Consolidation ... 429
7.1.3 ... Introducing Business Rules ... 432
7.2 ... Ownership Data and Elimination Methods ... 434
7.2.1 ... The Ownership Process ... 434
7.2.2 ... Setting Up Ownership Data ... 436
7.2.3 ... The Purchase Method Concept ... 441
7.2.4 ... The Proportional and Equity Method Concepts ... 442
7.3 ... Setting Up Journal Entries ... 443
7.3.1 ... The Business Scenario for Using Journal Entries ... 443
7.3.2 ... Creating Journal Templates ... 443
7.3.3 ... How to Control Journal Activity ... 445
7.3.4 ... Creating Journal Entries ... 446
7.4 ... Setting Up and Executing Consolidation Tasks ... 447
7.4.1 ... Balance Carry Forward ... 448
7.4.2 ... Reclassification ... 453
7.4.3 ... Currency Translation for Consolidations ... 457
7.4.4 ... Purchase Method Elimination ... 466
7.4.5 ... Proportional Method Elimination ... 479
7.4.6 ... Equity Method Business Scenario ... 483
7.4.7 ... Ownership Eliminations ... 486
7.4.8 ... Intercompany Matching ... 493
7.4.9 ... Intercompany Eliminations ... 498
7.4.10 ... US Eliminations ... 501
7.5 ... Setting Up Balancing Script Logic for Consolidation ... 505
7.5.1 ... Balancing Logic Business Scenario ... 505
7.6 ... The Consolidation Monitor ... 508
7.6.1 ... Prerequisites to Use the Consolidation Monitor ... 509
7.6.2 ... Using the Consolidation Monitor ... 509
7.7 ... Summary ... 513
8 ... Management of the BPC Process ... 515

8.1 ... Security ... 515

8.1.1 ... Users ... 518
8.1.2 ... Teams ... 521
8.1.3 ... Task Profiles ... 523
8.1.4 ... Data Access Profiles ... 526
8.1.5 ... Security in the EPM Add-In ... 529
8.2 ... Work Status ... 530
8.2.1 ... Configuration of Work Status ... 531
8.2.2 ... Reporting and Managing of Work Status ... 535
8.3 ... Controls ... 538
8.3.1 ... Configuration ... 539
8.3.2 ... Control Monitor ... 545
8.4 ... Auditing Processes ... 548
8.4.1 ... Audit Reporting ... 552
8.4.2 ... Audit Tables Reports ... 559
8.5 ... Transports ... 565
8.5.1 ... Configuration and Process of Transports for BPC ... 566
8.6 ... Summary ... 575
9 ... Business Process Flows (BPF) ... 577
9.1 ... BPF Overview ... 577
9.1.1 ... The Basic Idea ... 578
9.1.2 ... Pros and Cons of BPFs ... 578
9.1.3 ... Integration with Work Status and Security ... 579
9.1.4 ... A Typical Planning BPF ... 581
9.1.5 ... A Typical Consolidation BPF ... 592
9.2 ... Setting up BPFs ... 600
9.2.1 ... BPF Design Best Practices ... 600
9.2.2 ... BPF Components ... 600
9.2.3 ... BPF Process Settings ... 602
9.2.4 ... BPF Activities ... 603
9.2.5 ... BPF Workspaces ... 606
9.2.6 ... BPF Instances ... 614
9.3 ... Execution of BPFs ... 615
9.3.1 ... Accessing Your Activities ... 615
9.3.2 ... Using the Process Monitor ... 616
9.3.3 ... Using BPF Reports ... 618
9.4 ... Summary ... 619
10 ... Migration Process to BPC V10.0 ... 621
10.1 ... Migration to BPC V10.0 A Strategy ... 621
10.2 ... Upgrading to BPC V10.0 for SAP NetWeaver ... 624
10.2.1 ... Option #1 Direct Migration on the Current System ... 625
10.2.2 ... Option #2 Migration via a Copy of the System ... 626
10.2.3 ... Option #3 Installation of a New System ... 628
10.3 ... Upgrading to BPC V10.0 for the Microsoft Platform ... 629
10.4 ... Report Migration to BPC V10.0 ... 634
10.4.1 ... Upgrading EV Functions ... 635
10.4.2 ... Upgrading EvDRE Reports ... 636
10.5 ... Summary ... 638
... The Author ... 639
... Index ... 641