Chng 4: Tnh ton thng gi

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CHNG 4: TNH TON THNG GI

4.1 Cc thng s la chn tnh ton thng gi
4.1.1 Bi s tun hon v vn tc gi trong ng ng
tnh ton thng gi ta cn xc nh lu lng thng gi v chn vn tc gi
hp l thit k ng ng gi, thng qua c th tnh c ct p ri chn qut
ph hp.
Lu lng thng gi thng xc nh thng qua bi s tun hon, tc s ln
trao i trong mt gi (m3/h), gi tr ny thng cho trong cc ti liu c lin quan.
Sau y l bng gi tr v bi s tun hon c chn theo phn mm Fantech.
Bng 4.1: Gi tr bi s tun hon
Phng
Bi s tun hon La chn
20
20-30
Phng k thut
20
20-30
Phng my pht in
20
20-30
Trm bin th
20
20-30
Phng bm
5
1-2
Kho cha bnh thng
14-15
11-20
Toilet cng cng
Chn vn tc hp l l rt quan trng bi v vn tc chn qu b s gim c
ting n, tn tht b dn n qut nh, nhng ng ng cng knh, tiu tn chi ph
u t ban u v hn ch trong trng hp khng gian lm vic qu b. Ngc li,
vn tc chn qu ln s sinh ra tn tht ln, n o, v qut s to nhng gim c
chi ph u t do kch thc ng ng nh hn. V vy cn cn nhc cn thn
trong qu trnh thit k. Di y l cc gi tr vn tc hp l trong qu trnh thi
cng ng ng ti Vit Nam.
Bng 4.2: Gi tr nh hng v vn tc
Loi hnh
Vn tc, m/s
Thng gi, cp khng kh lnh Khng qu 8
Thng gi toilet
Khng qu 5
Vi cng trnh ny, ta chn vn tc gi ti ming ht ca qut ht khi tng
hm 2 l 7,2m/s, vn tc gi ti ming ht ca qut thng gi cho cc khu toilet l
5m/s.
4.1.2 Phng php thit k ng ng thng gi
C nhiu phng php thit k ng ng gi, y ta s dng phng
php ma st ng u. thun li cho qu trnh tnh ton tn tht ma st cc b ta
s tra cc bng tra v gi tr tn tht cc b.
Bng 4.3: Gi tr nh hng tn tht cc b [5]
Loi
Co, r/w=1
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Vn tc, m/s Tn tht, Pa

3.5 - 5
2
5-7
4
7-9
8
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Chng 4: Tnh ton thng gi

Co, r/w=1

9 - 15
3.5 - 5
5-7
Chc 3 cn, tch dng, r/w=1
7-9
9 -15
3.5 - 5
0
5-7
Gim, (gc gim = 14 )
7-9
9 - 15
Trong : r: bn knh un, m v w: b rng ng, m.

Trang 49

20
4
8
15
30
2
4
8
20

Thit k theo phng php ma st ng u: t lu lng cn cp, v vn tc

g chn trong ng ng. Tra th s c tn tht trn 1m ng ng, v tn
tht c s dng cho tnh ton ng ng chnh v ng nhnh. ng ng
chnh l ng ng m tn tht s ln nht (ng ng di nht).
Xem tn tht trn ng mm ging ng cng.
B qua tn tht trong VCD, lc thit k, xem VCD m hon ton.
Mt s cc khp ni khng c trong bng tra nh chc 2, gim lch, ci
chuyn t ng vung sang ng trn ta c th ly gi tr ca chc 3 v gim trong
bng trn.
4.1.3 Chn ming gi
Chn ming gi cn c vo chc nng s dng ca ming gi, lu lng gi
cn cp, n cho php. T s xc nh c tn tht qua ming gi, cng nh
cc kch thc c, kch thc ng gi, kch thc trn, kch thc mt.
y ta s s dng ming gi ca ASLI [6], vi ming gi ht kh thi cho
tng hm ta chn ming gi RV-T-300x250-G1 c lu lng gi l 1350m3/h, tn
tht qua ming gi l 15,2Pa. Vi ming gi cho khu toilet ta chn ming gi kiu
st trng RG-A-200x125-D2 c lu lng gi l 180m3/h, tn tht qua ming gi l
2,45Pa. Sau y l cc ghi ch v k hiu ca 2 loi ming gi trn.

Hnh 4.1: Hnh dng v cu to ming gi RV

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Chng 4: Tnh ton thng gi

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Bng 4.4: Cc k hiu ca ming gi RV

*G1: cnh gi i xng

Bng 4.5: Cc thng s k thut ca ming gi RV

Hnh 4.2: Hnh dng v cu to ming gi RG

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Chng 4: Tnh ton thng gi

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Bng 4.6: Cc k hiu ca ming gi RG

*D2: chuyn ng vung thnh ng trn

Bng 4.7: Cc thng s k thut ca ming gi RG

4.2 Thit k ng gi tiu biu

4.2.1 Thit k ng ng gi
Ta s thit k tiu biu ng ng gi ca mt qut ht gi thi tng hm 2.
Thng s ban u nh sau: lu lng qut cn phi ht 14850m3/h.
Theo b tr kn trc ca cng trnh ta chn 11 ming gi. Suy ra lu lng mt
ming gi l 1350m3/h. Vi lu lng gi ny, ta chn ming gi RV-T-300x250-G1
ca ASLI. Trong 300x250mm l kch thc c ca ming gi WxH, kch thc ng
gi ni vo ming gi s l 310x260mm.
Chn vn tc gi ti ming ht ca qut l 7,2m/s, vi lu lng tng cn ht
l 14850m3/h, tra th xc nh tn tht ma st (PL [1], hnh 9.9) ta c gi tr
tn tht ma st tnh cho ton b h thng l 0,584Pa/m v cng c gi tr ng
knh tng ng l 856mm. Vi ng knh tng ng ny, tra bng ng
knh tng ng ca ng ch nht (PL [1], bng 9.5) ta c kch thc on ng
gi AB l 1300x500mm.
on BC ch cn 10 ming gi, tc lu lng 13500m3/h. Vi cng tn tht
p sut nh trn 0,584Pa/m tra th xc nh tn tht ma st ta s c ng knh
tng ng l 826mm. Tra bng ng knh tng ng ta s chn c kch
thc on ng gi BC l 1225x500mm.
Lp li quy trnh trn cho n ming gi cui cng ta s dn dn xc nh
c kch thc cho tng on ng gi. Di y trnh by bng tm tt cc kch
thc on ng gi.
Bng 4.8: Kch thc cc on ng gi
on Lu lng, m3/h Vn tc, m/s Kch thc, mm
AB
14850
7,2
1300x500
BC
13500
7
1225x500
CD
10800
6,6
1225x450
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Chng 4: Tnh ton thng gi

DE
EF
FG
GH

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8100
5400
4050
1350

6,2
5,6
5,2
4

1150x400
1000x300
800x300
350x275

Hnh 4.3: Chi tit v ng ng qut thng gi tng hm 2

4.2.2 Tnh tn tht chn qut
Tn tht trn ng ng chnh s l c s chn qut. Tn tht bao gm:
Tn tht ma st trn ng ng: gm tn tht trn ng ng ngang (k c
ng mm) v ng ng xuyn tng trong gent k thut.

Hnh 4.4: Mt ng b tr qut ht tng hm

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Chng 4: Tnh ton thng gi

Trang 53

Tn tht ny bng:

ms

= L * P1m = ( Lngang + Lxuyen tan g ) * P1m

= (63,835 + 5,85).0,584 = 41Pa

Tn tht cc b: gm tn tht ti co 900 trn ng ng ng; tn tht ti gim

cn v gim lch trn ng ng ngang; tn tht ti gim t on ng gi n
ming gi, tn tht khi thi qua ming gi; b qua tn tht VCD. (xem hnh 4.3)
Bng 4.9: Gi tr cc tn tht cc b
Vn tc,
m/s

Loi

Ming gi thi n im B

7,2

Ming gi thi
2 co 900 trong riser
Co 900 trong ng ngang
Gim cn
Gim lch
Gim ti on AB

BC
CD
DE
EF
FG

7
6,8
6,4
5,9
5,2

GH

on

Vy tng tn tht cc b bng

Co 900 trong on BC
Gim trong on CD
Gim trong on DE
Gim trong on EF
Gim trong on FG
Ti ming gi
Gim ng ming gi

cb

Tn tht,
Pa
Ly bng
20
2x8
8
8
8
8
8
4
4
4
4
15,2
2

= 109, 2 Pa

m bo an ton, ta nhn thm cho h s 1.1. Vy tng tn tht chn

qut l:
Pquat = 1,1.( Pms + Pcb ) = 1,1.(41 + 109.2)  165Pa
Chn qut EAF B2-2 14850CMH, 170Pa

Tnh ton tng t cho qut thng gi nh v sinh. Di y trnh by bng

tm tt lu lng v ct p ca cc qut thng gi c trong cng trnh.
Bng 4.10: Bng k cc qut thng gi trong cng trnh
Phng
Trm bin th
Thng gi kh CO2
My pht in
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K hiu qut
Lu lng, CMH Ct p, Pa
Tng hm 2
EAF B2-0
3760
EAF B2-1
14850
210
EAF B2-2
14850
170
EAF B2-3,4,5,6
2200
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Chng 4: Tnh ton thng gi

Kho k thut 1,2

Phng k thut

EAF B2-7,8
860
EAF B2-9
3730
Tng hm 1
Phng bm 1
EAF B1-0
3600
Kho
EAF B1-1
720
Phng bm 2
EAF B1-2
2400
Toilet tng 2-5, qut t trn mi
WC n 1
EAF WC N-1
5760
WC nam 1
EAF WC Nam-1
5040
WC n 2
EAF WC N-2
3600
WC nam 2
EAF WC Nam-2
4320

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80
65
60
65

4.2.3 Tnh chn qut

S dng phn mm Fantech chn qut cho h thng. Cn ch loi qut s
dng cho thich hp. Vi qut ht gi thi tng hm ta chn loi qut hng trc loi
In line, vi qut thng gi khu toilet, do ta thit k qut ht t trn mi nn s chn
loi qut t mi Rooftop v vi qut thng gi cho cc phng k thut khc ta s
dng qut gn tng Wall mounted.
Sau khi chn c qut thch hp v chng loi, lu lng v ct p ta s
c cc thng s khc nh: n, in p, dng in, s vng quay ca qut, cc
kch thc bao ca qut, kch thc trc qutv quan trng nht l cng sut in
phc v cho qu trnh tnh ton chn la ng dy in, MCCB trong cc
chng sau.
Di y s trnh by tiu biu mt qut thng gi gn tng, cc qut cn li
ta ch ch n cng sut in nn gi tr ny s c a trong bng k cng sut
in ca cc qut.

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