Chemistry 901

Chemistry is defined as the study of

matter, its composition and the changes
it undergoes.
Chemistry related industry
Agrochmistry
Biochmistry
Pharmaceuticles
Kinetic Theory
Matter is made up of very discreet
particles
Constant motion
Atoms, Molecules,Ions

Particles of matter
Atoms
Molecules
Ions
Diffusion
The process of mixing of two subs kept
in contact.
Particles Collide!
Particles mix with the particles to form
an even equilibrium
Diffusion is the fastest in gas, then
liquid and it is slowest in solids

Solid
Have a definite shape & volume
because the intermolecular force of
attraction is very high.
Gas
Molecules have maximum freedom of
motion force of attraction between
molecules the least
Changes of state
Non metals that can exists in all states

Iodine, Water, Wax

Metals that can exists in all states

Gold

Metals

Solid (except mercury)

Hard (except sodium, potassium)
Metallic luster
High melting & boiling point
Malleable ( can be made into thin
sheets)
Ductile (can be made into thin wires)
Good conductors of heat and
electricity
Sonorous (produce sound)

Use of metals
Iron use for making pins, nails, nuts,
bolts, tools, machines construction of
buildings, bridges
Aluminum used for making utensils,
wires, furniture, parts of aircraft, vehicles,
machines, for packing food, medicines
Copper used for making wires, vessels,
electric gadgets.
Silver used for making jewelry. Coins.,
medals
Platinum used for making jewelry,
electric gadgets, plugs in vehicles
Calcium compounds used for making
cement
Sodium compounds used for making
common salt

Non metals
Maybe solid, liquid or gas. Solids are
brittle diamond is the hardest.)
Do not have luster (some have dull luster)
Low melting point
Not malleable
Not ductile
Bad conductors of heat & electricity
(except graphite)
Not sonorous.

Use of non metals

Sulphur used for making sulphuric acid,
salts of metals.
Hydrogen used for making ammonia
which is used for making fertilizers, fuel in
rockets, for welding.
Chlorine used to kill germs in water, in
their production of textiles, paper, dyes,
petroleum products, medicine.
Iodine used as a tincture iodine (an
antiseptic)
Oxygen used for respiration by living
things, burning of fuels.
Nitrogen used for making ammonia
which is ued for making fertilizers